State Development Banks Research Articles

Determinan Profitabilitas Bank : Studi Kasus Pada Bank Pembangunan Daerah

This research has purpose to analyze determinants that affect State Development Banks (BPD) profiitability. This research is inspired by Bank Decree, State Bank Regulation and State Autonomy Decree when doing ths research. By using panel data analysis, random effect, we find that almost all determinants have predicted sign accordingly and statistically significant.

Assessment of the Impact of Financial and Fiscal Incentives for the Development of Utility-scale Solar Energy Projects in Northern Chile

Solar resource in northern Chile is among the highest in the world, and economy pivots around mining industries [1], which have an intensive consumption of heat, electricity and water. Electricity supply is strongly based on coal and the common source for heat is diesel [2]. While PV can provide electricity at a near competitive price in most markets, CSP is seen as more suitable for utility-scale projects, so both technologies are considered for electricity supply. A base case has been defined for each technology, with investment, operation, fiscal and financial costs as close as possible to the reality of the solar sector in Chile. Five different taxes have been detected to apply to Non-Conventional Renewable Energy (ERNC) projects, such as Customs Duty, Value-Added Tax (VAT), Corporate Tax, Municipal Tax and Additional Tax for Expatriated Revenues. The effect of these taxes on the final price of electricity required to make the project economically feasible has been determined. Sensitivity to exemptions and incentives, both existing and proposed, has been studied, and the efficiency of such measures, in terms of price reduction vs. taxes not collected, has been estimated. The Chilean state and/or Multilateral Development Banks can channel aids from Clean Technology Funds or Official Development Assistances to incentive solar projects through different products such as Soft Loans and Partial Credit Guaranties. The effect of these aids on the final price of electricity required to make the project economically feasible has been determined, and sensitivities have been studied.

O sistema brasileiro de instituições financeiras subnacionais para o desenvolvimento: um panorama

O objetivo deste trabalho é oferecer um panorama sobre a experiência brasileira recente com o sistema composto das instituições financeiras públicas que chamaremos de "subnacionais", voltadas para o financiamento do desenvolvimento: um banco regional de desenvolvimento, três bancos estaduais de desenvolvimento e 13 agências estaduais de fomento. Em geral, esse sistema é débil, possui fontes de funding pouco diversificadas e depende do BNDES e dos governos estaduais. As operações de crédito oriundas das instituições financeiras subnacionais para o desenvolvimento (IFDs-SN) são qualitativamente distintas das dos bancos públicos federais brasileiros. Salvo o setor comercial, em todos os demais as operações de crédito cresceram a taxas inferiores à média do Sistema Financeiro Nacional (SFN) ou mesmo dos bancos públicos, à exceção do ano de 2009, revelando que as IFDs-SN contribuíram para a ação anticíclica implementada pelos bancos públicos brasileiros após a crise financeira internacional.

Financing agribusiness by state development banks - the case of Macedonia

In countries where agriculture has substantial role in generating domestic product, sustainable agro-finance can seriously increase economic development. It is well known that agriculture is perceived as risky to be financed by commercial banks. Therefore, creating specific agro-credit lines within state development banks is key element in enhancing agricultural activities. These state development banks, operating in close collaboration with the Government have a significant role in accelerating economic welfare of farmers and rural poor. This study tends to emphasize the importance of creating special lending products targeted towards agriculture. The focus will be put on comparison between the first pillar – direct lending to agriculture and second pillar – lending to agriculture through commercial banks showing the better viability of the later.

Banking History and Archives in Latin America

In recent years, business history has become a rich and varied terrain for research in Latin America. In this essay, I will present an overview of key aspects of banking history in the region, with an emphasis on the sources that are available in Argentina and Mexico. The extensive archives that have been built up in both countries offer historians the opportunity to study an array of topics: histories of individual banks; the evolution of banking systems; the relation between banking firms and industrial and agricultural development; the role of banks in government finance; the unique historical trajectories of central banks; the rise and relative decline of state-development banks; and the complex history of foreign banks in Latin America from the nineteenth century to the present.

The Role of the Public Sector in Local Development Finance: Evaluating Alternative Institutional Arrangements

This article will develop a framework for the evaluation of alternative economic institutions and apply that framework to various arrangements for financing housing and local economic development. An institution is defined here as a set of property rights or rules for decision making; the framework for analyzing institutions derives from the work of John R. Commons [1924], Vincent Ostrom [1976], and Allan Schmid [1978], and is based on their notion that alternative specifications of property rights or decision rules will affect the nature of the outcomes produced by economic entities. Choice among alternative institutions then requires an evaluation of these outcomes and of the institutional processes themselves against some set of social value criteria. Here we draw upon some of the recent work in the area of institutionalist value theory. The framework is applied to the evaluation of two alternative institutional arrangements for the provision of debt and equity capital for investment in housing and in commercial and industrial enterprises: government regulation of private banks and creation of publicly owned banks. In recent years, a number of new institutions have arisen: the Federal Community Reinvestment Act, state anti-redlining statutes, state development banks and housing finance authorities, and state equity capital funds.

Finances of the State Development Banks

Finances of the State Development Banks