Standard Education Research Articles

The effect of high-fidelity simulation based education on self-efficacy and childbirth fear in pregnant women

ABSTRACT Background Approximately 14% of women experience severe childbirth fear (tocophobia), influencing delivery choices. High childbirth self-efficacy, or confidence in managing labour, can reduce fear and improve outcomes. High-fidelity simulation-based education may enhance self-efficacy and decrease labour anxiety. This study evaluated its effects on childbirth self-efficacy and fear. Method A parallel-group randomized controlled trial was conducted with sixty primiparous women randomly assigned to simulation-based education or standard prenatal education. Birth expectations and self-efficacy were measured pre- and post-intervention using the Self-Efficacy in Labor Scale (SELS) and Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ-A). Data were analyzed using independent and paired t-tests and MANOVA. Results At baseline, no significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of birth expectations or self-efficacy. However, after the intervention, the intervention group showed a significant reduction in birth fear and a significant improvement in self-efficacy compared to the control group. Conclusion High-fidelity simulation-based birth education significantly improved childbirth self-efficacy and reduced fear of labour. These results suggest that simulation-based education can be a valuable tool in prenatal care, helping expectant mothers feel more confident and prepared for childbirth.

Right resource, right place: Utilizing pediatric difficult intravenous access escalation pathway to decrease peripheral intravenous insertion delays and improve staff allocation

Right resource, right place Utilizing pediatric difficult intravenous access (DIVA) escalation pathway to decrease peripheral intravenous (PIV) insertion delays and improve staff allocation. Background This children's hospital aimed to decrease delays in PIV catheter insertions in general care (GC) units by 15% within 3 years. We hypothesized that improving GC nursing skills would decrease the need for vascular access team (VAT) and emergency department (ED) PIV insertions on GC units, allowing staff to focus on critical patient care, and decreasing delays for both GC and ED. Methods Using the model for improvement, a DIVA escalation pathway (DIVA EP) and standardized education program were tested to improve and sustain GC skill levels and allocate resources appropriately. The DIVA EP assisted in identifying the required expertise level and when to escalate. Results A total of 10.6% of GC PIV insertions were delayed, showing no decrease. Average hours from GC PIV removal to insertion by GC staff decreased by 21 h ( p = 0.08). GC nurses with a skill level of novice/advanced beginner decreased by 26.6% while proficient and expert skill levels increased by 267.1% and 177.4%, respectively. The percentage of GC PIVs inserted by GC nurses increased by 69.6% ( p < 0.001). VAT and ED insertions decreased by 6.4% and 18.6%, respectively. Surveys from 2019 and 2022 indicated that 68.4% and 23.2% fewer GC nurses reported a lack of education and lack of confidence, respectively, as a barrier to inserting PIVs. Conclusion The implementation of a standardized education program and DIVA EP decreased the GC PIV insertion time, aiding non-GC staff in prioritizing higher acuity patients in their respective areas while giving GC staff the opportunity to improve PIV insertion skill levels.

How digital health literacy shapes health: Mediating role of physical activity and heterogeneity in China

PurposeThis study systematically examines the impact of digital health literacy (DHL) on the physical and mental health of Chinese adults, particularly focusing on how DHL might enhance physical health through physical activity (PA) mediation.MethodsDrawing on nationally representative Chinese data, this study employed multivariable linear regression combined with mediation analysis to assess the association between DHL and adult health outcomes, while evaluating the mediating role of PA. Robustness was verified through propensity score matching (PSM), logistic regression, and mediation effect pathway tests. Heterogeneity analyses stratified by gender, household registration status, and other demographic factors further elucidated variations in DHL’s impacts on physical and mental health.ResultsDHL demonstrated a positive association with physical health outcomes, while no statistically significant association was observed with mental health. PA served as a partial mediator in the relationship between DHL and physical health enhancement. Stratified analyses revealed significant beneficial effects of DHL on physical health in the following subgroups: males, adults aged ≥60 years, individuals with agricultural household registration, those attaining junior high school education or higher, high-income populations, and participants with health insurance and pension coverage.ConclusionThis study substantiates the critical influence of DHL on physical health advancement among Chinese adults. Policy formulation should strategically integrate (1) standardized DHL education frameworks, (2) demographically customized digital health management systems, and (3) expanded insurance coverage with optimized reimbursement mechanisms for healthcare and pension schemes. These strategies collectively aim to elevate DHL proficiency, enhance digital platform operational competencies, foster sustainable health-promoting behaviors, and ensure stable health-life equilibrium within China’s adult demographic.

Innovative Application of Mobile Health Management Combined with the Teach-Back Method in the Rehabilitation of Pelvic Floor Muscle in Postpartum Women with Urinary Incontinence.

This study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of the teach-back method and a mobile application on maternal pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation, with a focus on reducing urinary incontinence and establishing an optimal health education approach. From January 2022 to January 2023, a total of 90 postpartum women were randomly assigned to either a control or an intervention group. The control group received standard pelvic floor exercises and health education, while the intervention group received additional education utilizing the teach-back method in conjunction with a mobile application. Outcomes assessed included urinary incontinence, pelvic floor muscle function, knowledge acquisition, and exercise compliance. The intervention group demonstrated significantly better outcomes compared to the control group in primary measures. Specifically, the degree of urinary incontinence, as assessed by the 1-h urine pad test, was lower in the intervention group (3.2 ± 1.1g) than in the control group (4.8 ± 1.3g), and pelvic floor muscle function, measured by the Oxford muscle strength score, was higher in the intervention group (4.2 ± 0.6 grade) compared to the control group (3.1 ± 0.8 grade) (p < 0.01). For secondary outcomes, the knowledge mastery rate was higher in the intervention group (82.0%) than in the control group (66.4%), and exercise compliance was also significantly improved in the intervention group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the severity of urinary incontinence was found to be negatively correlated with pelvic floor muscle function, while increased awareness was identified as a positive predictor of compliance. The teach-back method combined with mobile apps can effectively reduce the degree of urinary incontinence, promote the recovery of pelvic floor function, and improve rehabilitation cognition and compliance. The research reported in this publication was approved by the self-funded research project of Handan Bureau of Science and Technology, Hebei Province, China,project number: 22422083030ZC.

Association between Antenatal Education and Maternal Knowledge of Preeclampsia Danger Signs: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality in Indonesia, highlighting the need to improve maternal knowledge of its warning signs. Antenatal education through classes and ANC visits aims to increase awareness and prevent pregnancy complications. Aim: To examine the relationship between antenatal education history (class participation and ANC education) and maternal knowledge of preeclampsia danger signs at Buleleng District Hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional analytic study. Setting and Duration: Obstetric Outpatient Clinic, Buleleng District Hospital, March 6–April 25, 2025. Methodology: Thirty-eight pregnant women with preeclampsia were selected using total sampling. Data were collected via a validated questionnaire and analyzed with Fisher’s Exact test. Results: Most respondents were aged 20–35 years (86.8%) and had secondary or higher education. Overall, 60.5% of participants demonstrated a moderate level of knowledge about preeclampsia warning signs. Statistical analysis revealed significant associations between participation in antenatal classes (p=0.000) and receipt of standard education during ANC visits (p=0.001) with higher maternal knowledge levels. Conclusion: Antenatal education history is significantly associated with maternal knowledge of preeclampsia danger signs. Strengthening interactive education methods, especially by midwives, is essential to improve maternal awareness and reduce pregnancy-related complications.

Association between concussion-reporting intention and reporting behavior in a simulated game setting.

Association between concussion-reporting intention and reporting behavior in a simulated game setting.

Reducing NICU Discharge Care-RelatedFailures by ImprovingDischarge Safety.

Infants discharged from a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to unprepared caregivers are at risk for adverse events and hospital readmission. We developed strategies to improve caregivers' ability to provide infant care after NICU discharge (DC). Our interdisciplinary team developed a 7-year, single-center quality initiative to enhance caregivers' abilities to care for infants after NICU DC. We tracked DC care-related failures (DCRFs), hospital readmissions, and caregiver training efficacy before and after implementing care training improvements. Key interventions included implementing standardized DC education with targeted feedback, establishing a DC navigator role, and performing post-DC phone calls to mitigate and quantify errors. Outcomes measured were DCRF rates, all-cause and preventable readmissions within 30days of DC, caregiver/staff DC readiness, and satisfaction scores. Between 2013 and 2019, 3305 NICU DCs occurred and 44% (1,453) of caregivers were successfully contacted after DC. DCRFs were common, decreasing from 23% (79/342) at baseline to 11% (46/424) and 17% (114/687) in contacted caregivers during intervention and maintenance phases, respectively. Improvements were seen in feeding, oxygen, and primary care physician (PCP) follow-up-related DCRFs. Readmissions were infrequent with no differences between phases. Despite high DCRF incidence, caregivers consistently reported high DC readiness (≥90%). Nurse satisfaction with the DC process increased markedly from 2% (1/43) at baseline to 67% (40/60) in 2020. Following DC from the NICU, errors in medication and feeding administration, oxygen delivery, and PCP follow-up were not uncommon. However, study interventions enhanced caregivers' ability to provide post-DC care, leading to a reduction in errors and potential infant harm.

Exploring knowledge and perception of cervical cancer and screening among young women

BackgroundCervical cancer is a significant public health concern, especially in low- and middle-income countries like India. Despite the availability of effective screening methods, the uptake of cervical cancer screening remains low, particularly among women in rural and underserved areas. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a health education intervention in improving the knowledge, perception, and uptake of cervical cancer screening among women in a tertiary care hospital setting.MethodsA quasi-experimental, before-and-after study design was employed. The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in India, where participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention or control group. The intervention group received targeted health education on cervical cancer, including risk factors, symptoms, and the importance of screening, using multimedia resources. The control group received standard health education. Data were collected using pre- and post-intervention questionnaires to assess participants’ knowledge, perception, and willingness to undergo cervical cancer screening.ResultsA total of 700 women (350 in each group) participated in the study. Pre-intervention, both groups exhibited low levels of knowledge and poor perceptions about cervical cancer. Post-intervention, the intervention group showed significant improvements in knowledge (p < 0.05) and perception (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. The willingness to undergo cervical screening also increased in the intervention group (4%, p < 0.05), while there was no significant change in the control group. The most common barrier to cervical screening, identified by both groups, was lack of awareness about where to access screening services.ConclusionThe study demonstrates that culturally appropriate, multimedia-based health education interventions can significantly improve women’s knowledge and perceptions of cervical cancer in a tertiary care hospital setting. However, barriers such as access to screening services and financial constraints need to be addressed to further enhance the uptake of cervical cancer screening in India. Future interventions should focus on increasing access to affordable screening services and further integrating education into healthcare programs.

Study protocol of a non-randomized controlled trial on a circumplex model-based motivational training program for pre-service physical education teachers

Physical Education Teacher Education is crucial, as it directly influences how pre-service Physical Education teachers will teach, motivate, and engage their future students. However, training programs that foster motivating teaching styles while minimizing demotivating ones remain scarce, particularly during initial teacher education. This study presents the protocol for a non-randomized controlled trial evaluating a motivational-based training program for pre-service Physical Education teachers, grounded in Self-Determination Theory and the circumplex model. The program, embedded in a Master’s in Physical Education Teacher Education, consists of theoretical and practical training to foster motivating teaching styles and minimize demotivating ones. The study will involve at least 38 pre-service teachers, divided into an experimental group (n = 19) and a control group (n = 19). The experimental group will participate in a 14-hour training program combining theoretical and practical components. The control group will follow the standard Physical Education Teacher Education curriculum. A quasi-experimental pre-post design with a mixed-methods approach will be used. Quantitative assessments will measure changes in perceived competence, motivation for teaching, and (de)motivating teaching styles, while qualitative focus groups will provide in-depth insights into participants’ experiences and program applicability. To ensure objectivity, independent researchers will conduct assessments, and external experts will moderate the focus groups. Findings will contribute empirical evidence on the effectiveness of Self-Determination Theory-based interventions in initial teacher education, informing curriculum development and supporting the advancement of evidence-based pedagogical training in Physical Education.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT06924554.

“TEACH”ing: Evaluation of a 3-Year Multimodal Child Poverty Curriculum

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES As child poverty is a pervasive problem throughout the United States, future pediatric providers need to be equipped to interact with families experiencing poverty. Although accrediting bodies encourage curricula to address advocacy and social determinants/drivers of health, existing curricula often do not include multimodal learning nor demonstrate a robust evaluation plan with documented outcomes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a longitudinal child poverty curriculum through quantitative and qualitative analysis. METHODS The Trainee Education in Advocacy and Community Health (TEACH) curriculum, created by a team of faculty, trainees, social workers, and community organizations, is a longitudinal curriculum that includes interactive modules, reflection questions, community activities, and patient care plans. This study describes curriculum outcomes from over 200 residents at a large urban academic pediatric residency program. RESULTS Learners indicated high satisfaction over 3 years of participation; they showed statistically significant improvement in pre/post-test knowledge questions, confidence, and self-reported attitudes about feeling more prepared and effective in assisting families in poverty. After a skill-building activity, resident reflections described empathy for patients, understanding of navigating internal and external referrals for social factors, and recognition of the importance of universal screening of social needs. CONCLUSIONS The TEACH curriculum provides a critical learning opportunity for residents to receive standardized education on child poverty, recognize the importance of screening for poverty, and gain skills in addressing child poverty. Next steps include evaluating learners in clinical practice.

Public attitudes toward the research use and storage of residual dried blood spots from newborn screening in China

PurposeTo examine public attitudes in China toward storing and using residual dried blood spots (DBS) from newborn screening (NBS).MethodsA self-designed questionnaire was administered to expectant or current parents using a non-probability sampling approach that combined convenience and snowball sampling. The survey contained questions about demographics, awareness of NBS, willingness to use DBS for research with or without parental permission, willingness to store, and preferred storage duration. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with NBS awareness and support for DBS storage.ResultsAmong 1,490 respondents, 42.5% were aware of NBS. Awareness was higher among those with a master’s degree (vs. junior high school, OR = 4.09, 95% CI: 2.07–8.07), income above 200,000 RMB (vs. less than 50,000, OR = 2.52, 95% CI: 1.75–3.63), and two children (vs. none, OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.48–3.52). Support for DBS use in research was 77.5% with parental permission and 52.0% without. Parents very willing to use DBS for research were more likely to support storage with permission (aOR = 30.11, 95% CI: 12.19–74.35) and without (aOR = 5.61, 95% CI: 2.09–15.07). Preference for indefinite storage was associated with higher support for storage than preference for a set period (aOR = 5.11, 95% CI: 3.43–7.63).ConclusionIn our study, less than half were aware of NBS, yet most supported DBS use for research with consent. NBS awareness, positive research attitudes, and preference for long-term storage were linked to greater willingness to store DBS. Interventions should prioritize standardized consent procedures, prenatal education, and flexible storage options that accommodate diverse preferences.

Speech assessment in pediatric audiology: An investigation and innovative solution for audiologists

Objectives: This study investigates speech testing practices among audiologists in Saudi Arabia’s pediatric audiology settings and addresses barriers to effective assessments by developing an accessible, user-friendly application. Methods: A modified questionnaire was distributed to audiologists to assess current speech testing practices, perceived challenges, and the need for validated Arabic speech materials. Based on the findings, a hearing evaluation reference (HER) application was developed for iPhone Operating System, providing validated Arabic speech assessment tools for clinical and home use. Results: Among the 33 respondents, 91% recognized the clinical importance of speech testing, yet limited access to validated materials hindered routine implementation. Statistical analyses revealed that years of experience and educational background did not significantly influence the use of speech testing, indicating that external factors such as resource availability may be more critical. In addition, multiple factors collectively influenced speech testing use, rather than any single predictor. Despite these challenges, 88% reported that they would consistently use speech assessments if appropriate materials were available. Preliminary feedback on the HER application indicated high acceptance, with 80% of audiologists willing to incorporate it into routine evaluations. Conclusion: The lack of validated Arabic speech materials remains a critical barrier in pediatric audiology. Findings highlight the need for policy support and improved accessibility to standardized resources, as experience and education alone do not drive clinical adoption. The development of the HER application offers a potential solution, improving access to culturally relevant speech assessment tools. Future research should focus on evaluating its clinical impact and expanding resources for Arabic-speaking populations.

Dementia-related primary care training needs: a qualitative study.

Most guidelines recommend that people living with dementia and their care partners should be managed in primary care. However, the knowledge and confidence of these teams in managing dementia is low, and training programs are lacking.To identify the training needs of primary care teams by integrating insights from these professionals, as well as dementia patients and their care partners.Qualitative research methods were applied, using focus group interviews with health professionals and individual interviews with people living with dementia and their care partners. A direct qualitative analysis of 15 recorded interviews (3 focus groups and 12 individuals) was performed using the transcribed data.Primary care professionals recognize the importance of continuous education on dementia and expressed the need for more knowledge about diagnosis, symptom management, and interpersonal and communication skills. Care partners and dementia patients highlighted the need for a better diagnostic disclosure process, improved continuity of care, and availability of greater postdiagnosis support.Our study, novel in Latin America, strongly supported the need for more training in dementia for primary care professionals, as well as for additional content and information not usually included in standard dementia education.

Improve Lung Function Through Boys' Natural Learning CourseSinging Program (NLCSP) as a Singing Skill Habilitation.

Improve Lung Function Through Boys' Natural Learning CourseSinging Program (NLCSP) as a Singing Skill Habilitation.

АДАПТАЦИОННЫЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ КАРДИОРЕСПИРАТОРНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ СТУДЕНТОК 18–20 ЛЕТ ПРИ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОМ ТРЕНИНГЕ С ПОДВЕСНЫМИ ПЕТЛЯМИ

The purpose of the study: to study the adaptive mechanisms of the cardiorespiratory system of female students aged 18−20 years during functional training with suspension loops. Research objectives: 1. To determine the indicators of the adaptive mechanisms of the cardiorespiratory system of girls aged 18−20 years engaged in functional training with suspension loops and standard physical education. 2. To identify the dynamics of changes in the adaptive mechanisms of the cardiorespiratory system of girls aged 18−20 years engaged in functional training with suspension loops. Research methods: 40 female students aged 18−20 years of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «SUSU (National Research University)» in Chelyabinsk took part in this study. In our study, to study the cardiorespiratory system, we used measurements of body length and weight, vital capacity (VC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), chest circumference (CWC), and respiratory rate (RR). Based on the measurements, we calculated the expected vital capacity (EVC), vital index (VI), Bogomozov index, stroke volume (SV), minute volume (MOC), Robinson index, Crempton index, Hildebrandt index, functional change index (FCI), and adaptation potential according to R. M. Baevsky. Ruffier-Dixon, Stange, and Genchi tests were also conducted. Results of the study: The conducted study allowed us to identify various mechanisms of adaptation of the cardiorespiratory system of female students to training on hanging loops. Statistically significant changes in the respiratory system of girls of the main group were revealed according to the parameters of the Stange and Genchi tests, as well as respiratory rate. The parameters of the Genchi test significantly changed by 2.6 seconds (p≤0.05), and the parameters of the Stange test − by 4.6 seconds (p≤0.05). The decrease in respiratory rate was 1.9 times per minute (p≤0.05). The change in these parameters indicates tolerance to hypoxia during exercise and an improvement in the oxygen transport function of the girls’ body as a whole. A reliable decrease in the Robinson index by 10.8 units (p≤0.001) was observed, which indicates the predominance of the parasympathetic regulation circuit of the autonomic nervous system during the adaptation of the girls’ body training on hanging loops. At the second stage of the study, the functional reactivity of the cardiovascular system of the female students of the main group improved according to the Ruffier-Dixon test (p≤0.05). There were also reliable changes in the values of SBP in the main group by 6.5 mmHg (p≤0.05), DBP − by 6.3 mmHg (p≤0.05), HR − by 5.15 bpm (p≤0.05) compared to the control group. The obtained results are fully consistent with the ideas about the economization of the cardiovascular system formed in the process of long-term adaptation to functional training. The level of adaptation potential of the girls of the main group according to the Baevsky index was within the age norm and corresponded to a satisfactory level of adaptation (p≤0.001). According to the Bogomozov index (p≤0.01) and the Adamovich IFI (p≤0.001), the functional capabilities of the cardiovascular system of the girls in the main group were good, and the adaptation mechanisms were stable, the effect of physical activity was compensated by the mobilization of the body’s internal reserves. Conclusion: In connection with the obtained results, it is necessary to continue further research on the influence of training with suspension loops on the functional state of girls in order to find effective combinations of different training modes for the development of long-term adaptation in this fitness area.

The effect of plyometric training on discus throwing performance in middle school athletes

This study investigated the impact of plyometric training on discus throwing performance among middle school athletes, examining the potential of targeted training interventions to enhance athletic capabilities during critical developmental stages. A quasi-experimental design was implemented with 40 high school athletes (aged 15-18) divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group underwent an 8-week structured plyometric training program, while the control group continued standard physical education activities. Performance metrics were assessed using calibrated measuring tools, including video analysis, vertical jump measurements, rotational power assessment, and biomechanical evaluations at baseline, mid-intervention, and post-intervention points. The experimental group demonstrated significant improvements across multiple performance metrics: 23.5% increase in throwing distance, 20.2% enhancement in throwing technique score, 17.6% improvement in vertical jump height, 15.6% increase in rotational power, and 10.6% improvement in shoulder flexibility. Statistical analysis revealed these changes were statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05), with the control group showing minimal, non-significant changes. Structured plyometric training can effectively enhance discus throwing performance in middle school athletes, demonstrating multidimensional improvements in physical capabilities, technical skill, and neuromuscular coordination. The findings underscore the potential of targeted, scientifically designed training interventions during critical developmental.

Standardization and professionalization of simulated and standardized patient-based education in Qatar: A call for action

Simulation, in its various forms, is widely used in all stages of education, training, and assessment of healthcare students and professionals. There is, however, a lot of variation in practice regarding the way in which institutions implement simulation, and in particular how educators work with simulated participants (SPs). This short article makes a case for bringing together all of Qatar’s healthcare educators and SPs at the 2025 Qatar Simulation Symposium in order to enhance simulation-based educational practices and raise awareness of standards of best practice. It could play a significant role in improving learners’ experiences and eventually positively impact on patient care.

Reflections on Competency-Based Curriculum Reform in Master’s Graduate Education of Basic Medical Sciences

The cultivation of job competency is a core objective of master’s graduate education in basic medical sciences and plays a critical role in students' career development. Curriculum reform is a key strategy for enhancing the quality of graduate education. It not only lays the foundation for training high-caliber medical professionals but also facilitates adaptation to the evolving medical landscape, advances scientific research, and promotes the standardization of medical education. Therefore, by focusing on job competency development, we should establish a curriculum-based training pathway for master’s education in basic medical sciences that meets the demands of the new era and aligns with the needs of medical development and public health. This paper presents the reform and implementation of a training model at our university, aiming to provide insights into the improvement of medical graduate education in China and to contribute to raising its overall quality.

Effects of Personalized Nutrition Education on Lipid Profiles in Chinese Adults: A Medical Student-Implemented Community Intervention Study

Background: Dyslipidemia affects over 30% of Chinese adults, with awareness rates below 20%. Promoting nutrition education programs in the general population is important, but few studies have investigated the specific strategies and their efficacy. Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted in a representative sample of community-dwelling adults in Lu’an City, central-eastern China. After recruitment and propensity score matching, the personalized and conventional nutrition education groups included 306 and 612 participants, respectively. We provided standardized nutrition education based on the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2022) for the conventional group, and personalized nutrition advice based on individual food intake and the guidelines for the personalized group. Serum total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipo-protein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TGs) were measured at baseline and again after follow-up. Results: Three years after the intervention, the average levels of TC, LDL-C, and TG in both groups all increased. After adjusting for covariates, an increase in HDL-C was greater in the personalized group than in the convention group, while the increment in TG was less pronounced. LDL-C changes were similar between the groups. The beneficial effect of personalized nutrition education on HDL-C levels was more pronounced in women (pinteraction < 0.05). Similar results were observed among participants with dyslipidemias and after excluding all lipid-lowering medication users. Conclusions: We conducted personalized nutrition education through medical students’ community practice projects among Chinese community residents, revealing that personalized nutrition education based on dietary surveys could significantly improve blood lipid profiles in general residents and individuals with dyslipidemias compared to conventional nutrition education.

A Multivariate Model to Predict Student Physician Assistant National Certification Exam Performance.

The Physician Assistant National Certification Exam (PANCE) is the standard for assessing the medical knowledge of the Physician Assistant graduate. Performance on this high-stakes examination is often the culmination of countless hours of preparation. A tool to predict PANCE scores empowers faculty to identify and prepare students who may be at risk. This retrospective, single-institution study examined scores from 10 standardized PA Education Association examinations for their combined accuracy in predicting student first-time numeric PANCE scores. Individual scores from 4 consecutive Physician Assistant program cohorts (n = 91) were analyzed using a multiple regression model to obtain a coefficient of multiple correlation (R) with ANOVA (analysis of variance) statistical testing for significance. A predictive equation was then developed to predict first-time PANCE scores of the fifth cohort (n = 31). A simple linear regression was used to correlate the predicted PANCE score from the model with the actual PANCE score. The multiple regression model was statistically significant, evidenced by the ANOVA results (F = 22.53, P < 0.0005). The multiple regression model shows a strong multiple correlation (R = 0.86), demonstrating the effectiveness of this combination of standardized exams in predicting PANCE results. The multiple regression model reliably predicts first-time PANCE scores, thus providing validity evidence for the use of these standardized PA Education Association examinations in assessing content/task areas. Applying this model can identify students in our program at risk for PANCE failure and improve success as evidenced by a first-time pass rate in the most recent graduating cohort of 100%.