Stages Of Polya Research Articles

A COMMOGNITIVE STANDPOINT: THE PROCESS OF PROBLEM-SOLVING IN POLYHEDRON

Abstract This study aims to describe students’ commognitive in the process of solving the problem in polyhedron, based on the four stages of Polya. This study uses an approach with a descriptive type of research. The instruments used in this study were in the form of problem solving test questions and interview guidelines. The subjects of this study were students of class VIII in one of the schools in the Nganjuk district. The result of this research is that at each stage of problem solving students use cognitive components. Narrative components that affect students' success in solving problems, as seen in the results of subject answers. This shows that narrative has an important role in the problem solving process. The narrative component is related to understanding mathematical concepts, so it is hoped that in learning students can understand concepts. The results of this study indicate that students are still more focused the final solution and attention to an important component in the problem solving process, in this case is the commognitive component.

Students' Pseudo-Thinking Process in Solving SPLDV Problems Based on Polya's Stages

Proses berpikir pseudo siswa terdiri dari pseudo benar dan pseudo salah, dapat dilihat dari cara menyelesaikan soal SPLDV berdasarkan tahapan Polya. Masalah yang akan dikaji adalah proses berpikir pseudo siswa saat menyelesaikan soal SPLDV dengan tahapan Polya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan proses berpikir pseudo siswa dalam memecahkan masalah berdasarkan Tahapan Polya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di salah satu SMP Kota Jambi, Provinsi Jambi, dengan subjek penelitian 2 siswa kelas 8 untuk materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel. Metode yang diguanakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan triangulasi data, adapun instrumen penelitian menggunakan tes pemecahan masalah dan pedoman wawancara. Analisis data yang dilakukan terdiri dari reduksi data penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) Pada proses pemecahan masalah matematis, terdapat siswa yang menjawab benar akan tetapi saat di wawancara ternyata siswa hanya hafal rumus dan tidak memahami konsep, ini dinamakan pseudo benar. 2) Pada proses pemecahan masalah matematis, terdapat siswa yang menjawab salah tetapi setelah diwawancara siswa dapat merefleksikan sehingga mampu memperbaiki jawaban, ini dinamakan pseudo salah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, saat mengajar guru dapat mengetahui mana siswa yang benar-benar berpikir dan mana yang berpikir pseudo. The student's pseudo thought process consists of pseudo-true and pseudo-false, it can be seen from how to solve SPLDV problems based on Polya's stages. The problem to be studied is the pseudo thought process of students when solving SPLDV problems with Polya's stages. This study aims to describe the pseudo thought process of students in solving problems based on Polya's stages. This research was conducted at one of the Jambi City Junior High Schools, Jambi Province, with the research subject 2 students of 8th grade students for the material of the System of Linear Equations of Two Variables. The method used in this research is qualitative research. Data collection was carried out by triangulating data, while the research instruments used problem solving tests and interview guidelines. The data analysis consisted of data reduction, data display and conclucing drawing/verification. The findings of this study are: 1) In the process of solving mathematical problems, there are students who answer correctly but when interviewed it turns out that students only memorize formulas and do not understand concepts, this is called pseudo correct. 2) In the process of solving mathematical problems, there are students who answer incorrectly but after being interviewed students can reflect so that they can improve their answers, this is called pseudo-false. Based on the results of the study, when teaching teachers can find out which students are really thinking and which ones are pseudo thinking.

HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY

Problem solving is an important skill, and making decisions about the basis of critical thinking skills. This study is a descriptive qualitative study to describe the critical thinking of 8th grade public junior high school students in the suburbs of Surabaya, East Java in solving TVLS problems. Fifteen junior high school students contributed to the study and were given questionnaires to get three subjects with different critical thinking abilities. Furthermore, each subject was requested to solve TVLS word problems and then interviewed. The instruments used in this study were a critical thinking questionnaire (CTAT), TVLS word problems, semi-structured interview guidelines. The data was analyzed based on indicators that combined the stages of Polya's problem solving and critical thinking. The data were analyzed using critical thinking indicators that have been determined by the authors and the results obtained showed that (1) uncritical and low critical subjects were unable to complete the critical thinking indicators at each stage of problem solving; (2) medium critical, critical, and highly critical subjects were able to complete the critical thinking indicators at each stage of problem solving. For this reason, it is advised that teachers teach their students to think critically in solving problems in every learning process

Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Word Problem PLSV

Problem-solving ability is a primary skill students should acquire in learning mathematics and is often connected to Adversity Quotient (AQ). This qualitative descriptive study describes the ability to solve PLSV problems regarding AQ (climbers, campers, and quitters) in 7th-grade students of SMP Negeri 21 Surabaya. Data were collected through questionnaires, tests, and interviews using instruments such as the AQ questionnaire sheet, Word Problem Solving Test (TPWP), questionnaires, and interview guidelines. The problem-solving ability in this study refers to the four stages of Polya's problem-solving ability including understanding the problem, planning, implementing, and evaluating. The results of this study showed that (1) the climbers subject was able to accomplish all of Polya's stages, (2) the campers subject, was able to accomplish three stages of Polya's problem solving, which were able to understand the problem, plan the problem solving, and carry out the problem-solving. Whereas, (3) the quitters subject, was unable to complete Polya's problem-solving stages as it showed that the subject was poorly understanding the problem, planning to solve the problem, implementing the solution plan, and incapable of looking back at problems that had been solved.

Strategı Pemecahan Masalah Untuk Mengatası Rendahnya Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Sıswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar

The background for writing this study is the low problem-solving ability of elementary school students. This study aims to analyze the factors that cause low problem-solving abilities that occur in students and examine solutions that can be used for problem-solving processes in classroom learning. The method used in writing this article is through Literature Study. Literature Study is a study that collects various data and information through various sources of reading material, such as books, articles, journals, and so on. The topic of discussion in this article is to deepen the study of the solutions offered for student problem solving problems and also explain the factors causing the low problem solving of elementary school students and the IDEAL AND POLYA stages as strategic solutions that can be used in the problem solving process in mathematics lessons. With this study is expected to provide solutions to the process of solving student problems in elementary schools

Peningkatan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Kelas 3 SD Negeri 02 Rowosari Kecamatan Ulujami menggunakan Model Problem Based Learning

The ability to solve problems is one of the important abilities to be learned and important to be mastered by students. Aini and Siswono (2014) state that solving math problems is an important part of learning mathematics. improving problem solving for grade 3 students at SD Negeri 02 Rowosari Subdistrict Ulujami using the PBL model. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) using the research design model of Kemmis and Mc Taggart (1988). The subjects of this study were all 3rd grade students of SD Negeri 02 Rowosari, Ulujami District, Pemalang Regency, semester 1 of the 2022/2023 academic year, totaling 24 students. The results of this study are that there is an increase in the problem solving of solving student material based on the stages of Polya through 2 cycles with each cycle consisting of 2 meetings.

Analysis of Students' Difficulties in Solving Mathematics Problems Based on High Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) Based on Polya Heuristic Stages at SMP Negeri 15 Medan

In solving math problems, especially HOTS-based math problems, students often have difficulty solving them. One effort that can be done to overcome students' difficulties in solving HOTS-based math problems is by describing the difficulties and factors that result in students having difficulty completing HOTS-based math problems based on Polya heuristic stages. The stages of Polya's heuristics in solving problems are: (1) Understanding the problem; (2) Devising A Plan; (3) Carrying Out The Plan (implementing the plan) and (4) Looking Back (looking back at the completion). The purpose of this study is to describe students' difficulties, the difficulties experienced by students in solving HOTS-based math problems and to describe student answers based on the Polya Heuristic Stages. The subjects in this study were class VIII-4 students of SMP Negeri 15 Medan, totaling 31 students. The approach used in this research is a descriptive qualitative approach.

Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Pada Materi Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar Berdasarkan Kemampuan Awal Matematika Siswa

This study aims to describe the mathematical problem-solving ability of the flat-sided geometry based on the initial mathematical abilities of the IX grade students of SMPN 6 Mataram. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The research subjects of this study consisted of two students in the categories of high, medium, and low mathematics early abilities. Data collection techniques using test and interview methods. Data analysis techniques are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed (1) 2 students with high early mathematical abilities were able to fulfill the three stages of Polya’s indicators, namely understanding the problem, planning problem solving and implementing problem solving plans. So students’ mathematical problem solving abilities are in a good category. (2) 2 students with moderate early mathematics abilities are only able to meet the indicators of understanding the problem. So that students’ mathematical problem solving abilities are in the less category. (3) 2 students with low early mathematics abilities are only able to fulfill the indicators of understanding the problem. So students’ mathematical problem solving abilities are in the very poor category.

Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa berdasarkan Tingkat Adversity Quotient (AQ)

The purpose of this research was to describe the level and relationship of mathematical problem solving students based on the Adversity Quotient (AQ) level on year academic 2019/2020. The research metodology used was questionnaires, tests, and interviews. The results showed that the AQ level of 8th grade students was generally dominant at the moderate AQ level (camper), that is 23 students (71.88%) from 32 students who took the questionnaire. In solving mathematical problems according to the Polya stage, students who are at a high AQ level (climber) have moderate abilities at the stage of understand the problem, devise and carry out the plans to solve the problem, and having abilities with a low level at the stage of look back. Students at the moderate AQ level (campers) have moderate abilities at the stage of understand the problem, have good abilities at the stage of devise and carry out the plans to solve the problem, and have low levels of ability at the stage of look back. Students at a low AQ level (quitter) have moderate abilities at the stage of understand the problem, devise and carry out the plans to solve the problem, and having a low level ability at the stage of look back. Based on the Spearman rank, it was found that there was a relationship between the AQ level and the students' mathematical problem solving ability, but it was classified as very low and only had an effect of 1.21%. This is because the climbers have not been able to carry out all stages of Polya's problem solving well, the habits of students who only rely on memorizing formulas when facing math problems, and the habit of discussing when written tests take place which makes students unable to focus optimally in solving problems.

Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Pada Materi Geometri Berdasarkan Level Berpikir Van Hiele Kelas VIII SMPN 2 Wanasaba Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021

The purpose of this study was to describe students' problem-solving abilities on geometry material based on Van Hiele's level of thinking in class VIII of SMPN 2 Wanasaba in the 2020/2021 school year. The method used in this study are tests and interviews. The results showed that the thinking level of students in class VIII D of SMP Negeri 2 Wanasaba was generally dominant at level 0 (visualization), as many as 13 people (48.14%) of the 27 students who took the test. In solving geometry problems according to Polya's stages, students who are at level 0 (visualization) have been able to do the stage of understanding the problem well but are still not perfect in making plans and implementing settlement plans. Students at level 1 (analysis) have been able to carry out the stages of understanding the problem, making plans and implementing plans, but in the stage of reviewing, students are not able to re-examine the results of the completion. Students at level 2 (informal deduction) are able to carry out the stages of understanding the problem, making plans, implementing a settlement plan and looking back even though they are not perfect at the stage of looking back. Students at level 3 (deduction) have very good problem solving skills, they are able to carry out the stages of understanding the problem, making plans, implementing plans and looking back appropriately and the calculation process is also carried out correctly. This shows that the higher the Van Hiele thinking level of the students, the better their geometric problem solving abilities will be.

Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah High Order Thinking Skill Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 6 Mataram Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021 Ditinjau Dari Prestasi Belajar Siswa

The research was aim to describe the ability of class VIII SMP Negeri 6 students 2020/2021 academic year in solving problems on HOTS questions nased on student learning achievement. This research is classified as qualitative-descriptive research. The subjects of this research were 37 students of class VIII D and VIII E of SMP Negeri 6 Mataram on the 2020/2021 academic year, the subjects were grouped according to the results of a high, medium, and low mathematics learning achievement by using results of the odd semester test for the 2020/2021 academic year as the reference. Data collection techniques used is test techniques and interview techniques. The test technique is 2 HOTS solving ability questions for number pattern material. The interview technique was used to obtain detailed information about the students' views on problem-solving steps on the questions. The results of HOTS problem-solving ability test were analyzed according to Polya stages of problem-solving abilities. Based on the results of data analysis of groups with high learning achievement students, 75% of students met the indicators of the stages of understanding problems and planning solutions, 100% of students fulfilled the stages of completing settlements, and no students were able to meet the stages of re-examination. From the group of students with moderate learning achievement, 70.6% of students were able to meet the stages of understanding the problem, 58.8% of students met the stages of planning a solution, and 35.3% of students fulfilled the stages of solving problems and checking back. From the group of students with low learning achievement, only 6.3% of students were able to fulfill the stages of understanding the problem, the rest were unable to fulfill the four stages of problem-solving Polya.

Mathematical problem-solving ability of junior high school students

Mathematical problem solving is the process of using students' knowledge to find solutions to problems. Students are This study aims to describe the ability of mathematical problem solving in circle content. This research focuses on solving problems based on 4 stages of Polya, namely the ability to solve problems, organize, plan, and check results. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The research subjects were 6th grade students of SMPN 1 Meureudu as many as 6 people. The selection of subjects was done by purposive sampling with the criteria that students who were recommended by mathematics’ teachers based on the best grades and had participated in at least one Math Olympiad. The research instrument used mathematical problem-solving tests and interviews. Data analysis technique is done by analyzing student work data, interpreting, and concluding. The results of data analysis showed that students' mathematical problem-solving abilities were still low. The low problem-solving ability is seen based on indicators of problem-solving ability that cannot be achieved by most students

ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH PADA MATERI SPLDV TINGKAT SMP DITINJAU PADA GAYA BELAJAR

This study uses a qualitative approach. This study aims to explain SPLDV and describe problem solving abilities that pay attention to student learning styles. The subjects used were 116 students of class VIII SMP NEGERI 10 JAKARTA selected, where later there would be 9 students who were selected according to their learning styles and descriptions of the steps for solving problems with the polya stages. Researchers collected data in the form of questionnaires, tests and interview guidelines. Based on the results of the research, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) The ability to solve mathematical problems by teaching Poly steps allows students to understand problems, plan problem solving, and implement problem solving plans. 2) Students' mathematical problem solving abilities with auditory learning style according to Polya's stages are able to understand problems, develop problem solving plans, implement problem solving plans, and review problem solving results; 3) Mathematical problem solving ability A student with a kinesthetic learning style according to a kinesthetic learning style has a higher problem understanding and poor ability to carry out problem solving plans in terms of his ability to perform calculations according to the formula used. Mainly used for addition, multiplication, and division. Ability to review learning styles from problem solving results.

ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH PADA MATERI SPLDV TINGKAT SMP DITINJAU PADA GAYA BELAJAR

This study uses a qualitative approach. This study aims to explain SPLDV and describe problem solving abilities that pay attention to student learning styles. The subjects used were 116 students of class VIII SMP NEGERI 10 JAKARTA selected, where later there would be 9 students who were selected according to their learning styles and descriptions of the steps for solving problems with the polya stages. Researchers collected data in the form of questionnaires, tests and interview guidelines. Based on the results of the research, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) The ability to solve mathematical problems by teaching Poly steps allows students to understand problems, plan problem solving, and implement problem solving plans. 2) Students' mathematical problem solving abilities with auditory learning style according to Polya's stages are able to understand problems, develop problem solving plans, implement problem solving plans, and review problem solving results; 3) Mathematical problem solving ability A student with a kinesthetic learning style according to a kinesthetic learning style has a higher problem understanding and poor ability to carry out problem solving plans in terms of his ability to perform calculations according to the formula used. Mainly used for addition, multiplication, and division. Ability to review learning styles from problem solving results.

ANALYSIS OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS LOGICAL-MATHEMATICAL THINKING ABILITY BASED ON THE POLYA STAGE SOLVING IN TERMS OF MATHEMATICAL SELF-CONCEPT ABILITY

This research is based on the importance of logical-mathematical thinking skills in solving logical-mathematical problems. The research purpose is to describe high school students' logical thinking abilities on geometric transformation material in terms of mathematical self-concepts. The research used a qualitative approach, with the research subject as many as six students of 12th grades science class from one of Bandung Regency high schools selected by sampling technique. Students' logical thinking ability is known from the test scores in solving compiled problems. The score refers to logical-mathematical thinking ability indicators, and the problem-solving technique refers to the Polya stages. Data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, descriptive statistical calculations, and conclusions/verification. The results showed that the overall students’ logical-mathematical thinking ability in the geometry transformation material is in the medium category. In the self-concept category, subjects with high self-concept can fulfil logical thinking questions based on Polya stages. As for subjects with moderate self-concept, the students can only fulfil several indicators of logical-mathematical thinking skills with problem-solving techniques. The result is still not perfect refer to the Polya stage. As for the subject with low self-concept, almost all Polya stages are not fulfiled. The students in the low self-concept category answered the questions incompletely. They had difficulty understanding the problem and planning a solution so that their answers did not match the questions.

Profil Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa berdasarkan Tahapan Polya Ditinjau dari Gaya Kognitif Reflektif Dan Impulsif

The research objective was to describe the profile of students' mathematical problem solving abilities based on Polya's stages in terms of reflective cognitive style and impulsive cognitive style. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study. Data collection methods in this study were tests and interviews. The instruments in this study were the MFFT test and problem-solving tests. The subjects in this study were students of class IXD SMP Nuris Jember with 25 students consisting of 6 fast accurate students, 5 slow inaccurate students, 10 reflective students and 4 impulsive students. This study focuses on reflective and impulsive students. The results showed that at the stage of understanding the problem, reflective students were able to write down what was known and asked the questions using sentences based on their understanding. Impulsive students are able to write down what is known and be asked on the questions using sentences that are similar to the questions. At the planning stage, reflective students are able to model problems into mathematical models and write settlement plans and write settlement methods, while impulsive students are able to model problems but do not write completion plans and do not write settlement methods. At the stage of implementing the plan, reflective students tend to solve the problem to the end correctly. Impulsive students are able to solve problems until the end but the results obtained are wrong, impulsive students also experience errors in counting and tend to rush in solving problems. At the re-examination stage, reflective students are able to determine the final solution by utilizing data at the planning stage and are able to explain the final conclusion of the problem but do not write down the solution, while impulsive students have not been able to determine the final solution by utilizing data at the planning stage and have not been able to explain the final conclusion problems and not writing solutions. In general, reflective students in solving problems are more thorough and considerate so that the resulting answers are more accurate. Students with impulsive cognitive style in solving problems tend to rush without examining the problem in depth, so that many make mistakes in the answers. Keywords: Problem Solving, Polya Stages, Reflective and Impulsive Cognitive Style

Analisis Kebutuhan E-Modul Matematika SMP Berbasis Teori Polya Pada Materi Segiempat

Problem solving is one of the skills in 21st century learning. Students who have low problem solving skills will experience difficulties in learning mathematics. This study aims to analyze the need for teaching materials according to the stages of the pattern in completing the rectangular material. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Data were collected by using a questionnaire sheet via Google Form and interview messages via the WhatsApp application. From the results of the math teacher's answers, it was stated that the teaching materials used were less effective in distance learning. Likewise, the results of students' answers stated that the teaching materials used had not used e-modules. Thus, the e-module based on the polya stages is expected to be used as teaching material in distance learning for quadrilateral material.

KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH SISWA MELALUI STRATEGI MENEBAK DENGAN CERDAS DAN MENGUJINYA

This study aims to describe the problem-solving abilities of students after taught intelligent guessing and testing strategy. This study is descriptive research. This study was conducted on students of X MIPA 4 SMA Negeri 1 Pangkalpinang. For further discussion, there were two subjects from student who was in very good category and sufficient category were chosen using purposive sampling technique. The data collected through test, then analyzed according to the four stages of Polya. The result of this study show that student in very good category was able to do four stages of Polya correctly and able to apply the intelligent guessing and testing strategy to solve the problem. Meanwhile, student in sufficient category only able to understanding the problem correctly and still there was something wrong in applying the intelligent guessing and testing strategy.

Student’s Thinking Process in Geometry Problem Solving Reviewed from Personality Types Hippocrates-Galenus

The purpose of the study was to describe the thinking process of junior high school students in solving mathematical problems in terms of personality types sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic. The thinking process used is based on Piaget's theory which consists of assimilation and accommodation processes. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach and was conducted in one of the state junior high schools in Pangkalpinang. The subjects in this study consisted of 4 students of class VII. Subject selection using the purposive technique. The instruments used were researchers, personality type questionnaires, math problem-solving test questions, and interview guidelines. The validity of the data is done by technical triangulation. Data analysis in this study used the Miles and Huberman model. The results showed that sanguine and phlegmatic subjects carried out assimilation thinking processes at all stages of Polya's problem solving for all types of questions. Choleric subjects and melancholic subjects carried out assimilation thinking processes at all stages of Polya for world problem type questions with abstract context.

Student’s Problem-Solving Skills in Thermodynamics at Dampelas 1 Senior High School

This study explores students' problem-solving skills in thermodynamics at Grade XI Science Senior High School 1 Dampelas. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The research subjects consisted of 6 students was conducted in a high school in Dampelas. The research instrument used was a test of student’s problem-solving skills on thermodynamic based on Polya's problem-solving. Respondents consist of various cognitive abilities (high, medium, and low). They were also willing to do an interview. This study indicated that students' problem-solving skills on thermodynamic materials based on Polya's problem-solving steps in the "problem understanding stage" indicator are in the moderate category. Similarly, the "planning stage" indicator is categorized in the moderate category, whereas the "implementation stage" indicator. The "revisiting stage" falls into the moderate medium category with an average percentage of 66.66 %. This research implies that it is hoped that the teacher can use the Polya stages in giving practice questions or homework to students to solve physics problems.