Spring Research Articles

Spring is Coming, and: Together

Spring is Coming, and: Together Agniya Tolstokulakova (bio) Click for larger view View full resolution [End Page 88] Click for larger view View full resolution [End Page 89] Agniya Tolstokulakova New York based illustrator and a daydreamer Agniya Tolstokulakova creates multi media paintings inspired by childhood melancholia and botanical studies. Illustration was always one of the way Agniya expressed herself, as she can't even remember the time she did not draw. Her illustrative style could be described by dreamy watercolor washes a love affair with pastel colors. Copyright © 2019 University of Wisconsin Board of Regents

The effect of foundation soil behavior on seismic response of long bridges

In this paper, a comprehensive investigation of the dynamic response of a long-bridge subjected to spatially varying earthquake ground motions (SVEGM) is performed based on a proposed analytical model which includes the effect of soil-structure interaction (SSI). The spatial variability of ground motions is simulated by the powerful record generator, SIMQKE II. Modeling of the SSI in the system is simplified by replacing the pile foundations and soil with sets of independent equivalent linear springs and dashpots along the pile groups. One of the most fundamental objectives of this study is to examine how well the proposed model simulates the dynamic response of a bridge system. For this purpose, the baseline data required for the evaluation process is derived from analyzing a 3D numerical model of the bridge system which is validated in this paper. To emphasize the importance of the SVEGM and SSI, bridge responses are also determined for the uniform ground motion and fixed base cases. This study proposing a compatible analytical model concerns the relative importance of the SSI and SVEGM and shows that these effects cannot be neglected in the seismic analysis of long-bridges.

Spring 2019; Volume 5, Issue 2

Spring 2019; Volume 5, Issue 2

Classics and Complexity in <em>Walden</em>'s “Spring”

Classics and Complexity in <em>Walden</em>'s “Spring”

Effect of ankle-foot orthosis with a built-in spring on muscle activity during the sit-to-stand movement in healthy individuals.

[Purpose] This study aimed to evaluate the influence of a newly developed ankle-foot orthosis with a built-in spring on the activity of lower limb muscles during the sit-to-stand movement. [Participants and Methods] This cross-sectional study recruited 20 male volunteers. The sit-to-stand movement (rising from a chair) was performed under three conditions: no ankle-foot orthosis (NA), ankle-foot orthosis with no spring (NS), and ankle-foot orthosis with a built-in spring (SP). Muscle activity during the sit-to-stand movement was measured using surface electrodes placed on the vastus medialis, tibialis anterior, medial gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles. Root mean square and integral value were calculated from the raw data, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 24.0. [Results] The electromyography data of the vastus medialis, medial gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles showed a significant decrease in muscle activity in the SP condition, whereas the activity of the tibialis anterior muscle increased significantly in the SP condition compared to that in the NA and NS conditions. [Conclusion] Our data showed that the use of an ankle-foot orthosis with a built-in spring affected not only the muscle activity at the ankle joint but also the activity of the knee joint extensor muscle. It is possible that the control of the ankle joint motion affects movement above the knee joint; this finding may help development new physical therapy techniques. Further research is warranted in this regard.

Comportamiento productivo de la sandía (Citrullus lanatus) bajo el efecto de diferentes láminas de riego en Santa Elena, Ecuador

La investigación se realizó en Manglaralto y Manantial de Colonche, en la zona norte de la provincia de Santa Elena, bajo la dirección del Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias Ciap-Upse. El objetivo del trabajo de investigación fue valorar el comportamiento productivo de la sandía híbrido Royal Charleston, bajo diferentes láminas de riego en dos localidades de la península de Santa Elena. Los tratamientos fueron cinco láminas de riego, 40, 60, 80, 100 y 120% de la evapotranspiración del cultivo, el diseño estadístico utilizado fue de bloques completos al azar las medias de los tratamientos fueron comparadas mediante Tukey al 5% de probabilidad de error estadístico, la evaporación se medió en la tina de evaporación clase A, las variantes de riego influenciaron en todas las variables evaluadas, generando un aumento progresivo de la producción según los tratamientos, la evapotranspiración del cultivo fue de 218 mm en Manglaralto y 377 en Manantial de Colonche, el tratamiento de mejor desempeño es para el 120% de la ETc con 109 toneladas por hectárea en Manglaralto, sin embargo, en Manantial de colonche la producción disminuyo a 75,13 toneladas por hectárea con el mismo nivel de riego. 
 Palabras Claves: láminas de riego, programación del riego, evapotranspiración, sandía, evaporación

Продуктивність сортів пшениці озимої залежно від фону живлення в умовах Південного Степу України

У статті наведені результати досліджень, проведених в 2011-2016 рр. на чорноземі південному в умовах Південного Степу України, з вивчення ефективності оброблення посівів пшениці озимої сучасними рістрегулюючими препаратами по фону внесення мінеральних добрив. Вивчали вплив сортових особливостей пшениці озимої та варіантів живлення на формування показників структури врожаю та рівень урожайності зерна культури. Визначено, що за внесення під передпосівну культивацію пшениці озимої мінерального добрива в дозі N 30 P 30 (фон) та застосування позакореневого підживлення посівів на початку відновлення весняної вегетації та початку виходу рослин у трубку комплексними органо-мінеральними добривами Органік Д2 та Ескор – біо створюються сприятливі умови для формування оптимальних показників структури врожаю та відповідно найвищого рівня врожайності зерна досліджуваних сортів. Так, у середньому за роки досліджень, рослинами пшениці озимої сорту Кольчуга у даних варіантах удобрення сформовано 4,42-4,48 т / га зерна, а сорту Заможність 4,96-4,99 т / га, що перевищило показники контролю на 52,9-55,0 та 62,6-63,6 % відповідно. Із досліджуваних сортів пшениці озимої за комплексом показників кращим визначено сорт Заможність.

DIRAE 15: AN EMENDATION

Here, too, it may initially appear reasonable to see in uobis the same group of people, but there is little doubt that it must refer to senis nostri felicia rura, which can hardly be anything but a vocative (cf. 33 ueteris domini felicia ligna, likewise a vocative). If condatis does not refer to people, one may be tempted to accept the humanist conjecture sulci and construe the verb as addressed to the furrows. Yet I rather doubt that an address to the farm (or to the grove, as at line 33, or to the springs and the fields, as at line 90) can justify apostrophizing something as technical and down-to-earth as furrows. I think Fraenkel is right to insist on relating condatis to the same vocative as uobis, that is, rura. This interpretation is supported by the fact that the two stanzas are closely analogous (as we soon shall see in greater detail).

Avaliação do comportamento térmico de cobertura e fachada verde em células de testes

Com a busca de alternativas para melhorar o conforto ambiental em ambientes construídos, os sistemas de fachadas e tetos verdes aparecem como uma opção para melhoria, em especial, do conforto térmico. Utilizando-se de um episódio climático representativo no ano de 2016, analisou-se comparativamente o comportamento térmico de uma célula de teste com fachada e teto verde e uma célula de controle. O experimento foi realizado no Centro de Recursos Hídricos e Estudos Ambientais (CRHEA) da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), em Itirapina-SP. Os resultados indicaram que a célula de teste com fachada e teto verde possui um melhor desempenho térmico em comparação à célula de controle.

Winter, Spring, Summer, and Autumn – 2018 Issues

Winter, Spring, Summer, and Autumn – 2018 Issues

In the Wake of the Greek Spring and the Summer of Migration

In the Wake of the Greek Spring and the Summer of Migration

ABCD Spring meeting in Glasgow

ABCD Spring meeting in Glasgow

Groundwater characteristics within loessic deposits: the coastal springs of Los Acantilados, Mar del Plata, Argentina

Fil: Isla, Federico Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina

Состав и структура фитопланктона прибрежной и центральной частей оз. Арахлей (Забайкальский край) в весенне-летний сезон 2017 г.

Состав и структура фитопланктона прибрежной и центральной частей оз. Арахлей (Забайкальский край) в весенне-летний сезон 2017 г.

Revisión: El Ciclo Reproductivo de la Yegua

El ciclo estral, o intervalo interovulatorio en la yegua, permite monitorear y seleccionar el momento mas adecuado para la copula o la inseminacion artificial (IA). El ciclo estral se debe a la interaccion de hormonas de la glandula pineal, hipotalamo, hipofisis, gonada y endometrio, y dura 21 dias. La glandula pineal segrega melatonina durante las horas de obscuridad. En primavera-verano, existe menor secrecion de melatonina, y el hipotalamo secreta a la hormona liberadora de las gonadotropinas (GnRH) para inducir la secrecion de gonadotropinas: (FSH, hormona foliculo estimulante y LH, hormona luteinizante) en la adenohipofisis y estimular la funcion ovulatoria. La FSH promueve el crecimiento folicular y la LH, la maduracion folicular y la ovulacion. Ambas estimulan la produccion de estradiol en los foliculos ovaricos. El estradiol causa las manifestaciones de estro. Despues de la ovulacion, se forma el cuerpo luteo que produce progesterona (P4), para la gestacion. La P4 bloquea al hipotalamo y reduce la secrecion de GnRH, interrumpiendo el ciclo estral. El hipotalamo, produce oxitocina, que se almacena en neurohipofisis y actua en endometrio, estimulando a la prostaglandina F2α, para que ejerza luteolisis, y el inicio de un nuevo ciclo estral. En otono e invierno se interrumpe la actividad ovulatoria

The Ecology of a Tallgrass Treasure: Audubon’s Spring Creek Prairie

The Ecology of a Tallgrass Treasure: Audubon’s Spring Creek Prairie

A Cuban Spring?

A Cuban Spring?

이청준의 아동문학 「이야기 서리꾼」과 「봄꽃 마중」 연구 : J. 호이징하의 놀이이론을 중심으로

이청준의 아동문학 「이야기 서리꾼」과 「봄꽃 마중」 연구 : J. 호이징하의 놀이이론을 중심으로

Editorial

Editorial for Spring 2018 issue of in education

Seasonal assessment and apportionment of surface water pollution using multivariate statistical methods: Sinos River, southern Brazil.

Assessment of surface water quality is an issue of currently high importance, especially in polluted rivers which provide water for treatment and distribution as drinking water, as is the case of the Sinos River, southern Brazil. Multivariate statistical techniques allow a better understanding of the seasonal variations in water quality, as well as the source identification and source apportionment of water pollution. In this study, the multivariate statistical techniques of cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and positive matrix factorization (PMF) were used, along with the Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman's correlation analysis in order to interpret a water quality data set resulting from a monitoring program conducted over a period of almost two years (May 2013 to April 2015). The water samples were collected from the raw water inlet of the municipal water treatment plant (WTP) operated by the Water and Sewage Services of Novo Hamburgo (COMUSA). CA allowed the data to be grouped into three periods (autumn and summer (AUT-SUM); winter (WIN); spring (SPR)). Through the PCA, it was possible to identify that the most important parameters in contribution to water quality variations are total coliforms (TCOLI) in SUM-AUT, water level (WL), water temperature (WT), and electrical conductivity (EC) in WIN and color (COLOR) and turbidity (TURB) in SPR. PMF was applied to the complete data set and enabled the source apportionment water pollution through three factors, which are related to anthropogenic sources, such as the discharge of domestic sewage (mostly represented by Escherichia coli (ECOLI)), industrial wastewaters, and agriculture runoff. The results provided by this study demonstrate the contribution provided by the use of integrated statistical techniques in the interpretation and understanding of large data sets of water quality, showing also that this approach can be used as an efficient methodology to optimize indicators for water quality assessment.