Sports Games Research Articles

Socialization of Bridge Base Online

Bridge sport game, in playing the player must go through the process of playing mini bridge first. You have to master how to play, you have to know the High Card Point (HCP), the names of the cards, the bidding sheet, the score sheet, this is the basis for playing bridge. Bridge base online is a way of learning bridge online. This online bridge base is learning that must be applied by teachers or trainers in schools that are in a formal school education environment to apply online training to simplify and shorten how to play bridge can be done independently without involving other people. In conventional games, at least 4 people are required to play bridge. With bridge base online everything can be done alone without involving many people and done anytime and anywhere as long as there is an internet connection

Improving reflective evaluations of sport through repeated experiences of fun—rationale, design, feasibility, and acceptability of the PlayFit Youth Sport Program

IntroductionAdolescents who drop out of sport often report that it had become less ‘fun’ and ‘enjoyable’ over time. Although preadolescent sport typically emphasizes experiences of fun, emphases on competition and elite performance often dominate during adolescence. We theorized that adherence to adolescent sport might be improved if the overarching goal were to maximize repeated experiences of fun during sport and, subsequently, increase reflective evaluations of sport enjoyment. To that end, this manuscript reports on the rationale and design of the PlayFit Youth Sport Program (PYSP), as well as its preliminary feasibility and acceptability. The main objectives were to evaluate the feasibility of recruitment strategies and data collection procedures and the acceptability of the intervention.SettingAn outdoor, multipurpose grass field at a south-central Pennsylvania middle school.MethodsA mixed-methods, single-arm feasibility trial lasting for 8 weeks (August–October 2021) offered 3-times per week for 1-h per session. The equipment, ruleset, and psychosocial environment of the PYSP sport games were modified to reduce several of the constraints theorized to impair experiences of fun during sport and hamper reflective evaluations of enjoyment afterward. ResultsEleven healthy, but sedentary adolescents in grades 5–7 completed the program. The median number of sessions attended (of 16 possible) was 12 (range = 6–13). Post-intervention, 9/10 respondents indicated that they ‘looked forward’ to the PYSP, 8/10 would recommend it to a friend, and 8/10 were interested in continuing the program. Ten of 11 participant guardians expressed interest in reenrolling their children if the PYSP were offered again. Some changes recommended were to improve recruitment via advertising the positive aspects of the program and “word of mouth” techniques, offering the program immediately following the school day, having contingencies for inclement weather, and minor changes to the sport equipment to improve the experience among the population the PYSP intends to attract.ConclusionsThe adjustments recommended in this preliminary work could be used to further refine the PYSP. A future efficacy trial could explore whether the PYSP may reduce attrition for adolescents who experience existing sport programs negatively by offering an alternative that better matches their unique needs and preferences.

Effectiveness of Motor Skills Learning Model through Sports Games for Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Students

Abstract This study aims to determine the motor skills learning model based on sports games as well as to test its effectiveness in improving the motor skills of elementary school (madrasah ibtidaiyah). This development research adopts the ADDIE model development and uses mixed methods, qualitative data was obtained from the description of the model, and quantitative data were obtained from field effectiveness tests. The subjects included in the development of the model were 60 underclass students 6-8 years in Kudus. Retrieval of research data using tests of motor skills learning outcomes for madrasah ibtidaiyah with validity and reliability values are categorized "good". A pre-post test was carried out for further analysis using the SPSS-23 paired sample t-test. The significance value of the difference in the t-count that appears = 16.56 df = 59 and p-value = 0.00 <0.05, there is a significant difference before and after being given the treatment of the developed model. They concluded that the model developed is in the form of 21 motor skills learning items consisting of 6 major criteria based on recorded sports games along with the procedures for implementing each item. The developed model can significantly improve motor skills learning outcomes for madrasah ibtidaiyah students.

FIXED TARGET TRAINING: MENINGKATKAN AKURASI SPIKE ANGGOTA UKM BOLA VOLI STKIP BINA MUTIARA SUKABUMI

The techniques used to attack or score in sports games are important techniques to master. The spike technique in volleyball is carried out with the main objective of producing a score in order to win. The ball that is hit in the spike technique, besides having to be strong and fast, of course, must be directed at an empty area or difficult for the opponent to anticipate. Good spike accuracy is one of the key factors in volleyball, which can contribute to the team's success in scoring points. Therefore proper training is needed to be able to improve volleyball spike skills. This study aims to investigate the effect of fixed target training on increasing the spike accuracy of members of the Volleyball UKM STKIP Bina Mutiara Sukabumi. This study used an experimental method through the One-Group Pretest Posttest design. The research sample consisted of 10 members of STKIP Volleyball UKM Bina Mutiara Sukabumi who were selected by purposive sampling and received fixed target training. The research data were obtained using the volleyball spike test which was carried out at the pretest and posttest stages. The results of data analysis through paired sample t test showed that the p value <0.05. Based on this, it was stated that fixed target training had a positive and significant effect on the results of the spike accuracy of members of the STKIP Volleyball UKM Bina Mutiara Sukabumi.

The Influence of Practicing Sports Games on The Motor Development of Primary School Students

Introduced into school physical education lessons, the formative directions and valences of sports games receive the content of instructive-educational and operational objectives, which are then put into practice. The situations that ask children to establish certain relationships with each other and adopt a behavior depending on what others do as either partners or opponents is a social-role game. The research involved 27 students aged 9-10 years old. The experiment was carried out as part of physical education lessons, with third graders participating in two lessons of physical education per week. In the motor tests, the differences between the mean values are relatively large, and these differences are statistically significant, with a generally large t-value and a p-value of less than 0.05 for allindicators. For this reason, it is rightly considered that such games contribute to the practice and development of interpersonal behavior and the individual’s social maturation.

Sporting Event as Strategy of Soft Diplomacy: Case Study 20th National Games (PON XX) Papua, Indonesia

Indonesia National Sports Games (PON XX) has been successfully held far away from the capital city Jakarta. Located in Papua, PON 20th became the first national sports event hosted in the far east of Indonesia’s province. The agenda is more than just a quadrennial sporting event for the Indonesian Government. The event has become an instrument strategy of soft diplomacy that aimed to deal with domestic and international issues in Papua. This research aimed to discuss the relations between The National Sports Week (PON) XX in Papua and the sports diplomacy for the Indonesian Government to understand development agendas in eastern Indonesia better. The author uses a qualitative study case method to discover how far the sports event can contribute positively towards domestic and international issues of the country. The data source will be gathered from secondary resources, including journals, articles, news, and documents for analysis purposes. The author argues that the National Sports Event (PON) Papua 20th has positively impacted the Indonesian national effort to develop eastern Indonesia.

A Comparison of Tactic and Technical Approaches to Student Basketball Skills

The tactical and technical approach model is an approach model that is often used in physical education, especially in game sports, one of which is basketball. This study aims to determine the different effects of tactical and technical learning models on students' understanding and skills in basketball. The method and design of this study used an experimental method with pre-test and post-test design groups. The research sample is composed of high school students, with a total of 48 students. 12 students using a technical approach and 12 tactical students The instrument uses GPAI (Games Performance Instrument Analysis). The results obtained (1) test the similarity of the average of the two skills obtained. 000 for technical and 0.000 for tactical, it can be concluded that the two models have significant differences in basketball playing skills. (2) Then the two models have different average values; the playing skills score of the tactical approach model is 0.67 and the technical approach model is 0.55. The difference between the two approach models shows that the tactical approach model has a significantly greater effect than the technical approach model.

The Effectiveness of Learning Basic Passing Techniques Under Volleyball Games for Class VIII Students of SMP Negeri 02 Martapura East OKU District

The purpose of this research is that volleyball is a type of game sport that is favored by the community and has been determined as a sport that is competed in various events at regional, national and international levels. The fact that based on observations shows that the ability to pass down in grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 02 Martapura, East OKU Regency is still very low on average. The purpose of this study was to determine the improvement of the learning ability of lower passing motion in students. The population of this study was all grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 02 Martapura and were taken to be sampled as many as 30 students. The research method used is follow-up assessment research, namely through exercise or treatment, in each action is in every cycle that has been determined. Tests are carried out at the beginning of the study and the end of the study. The data obtained through tests and observations are then analyzed descriptively using percentage techniques. The result is; 1. Initial test result success 0%, 2. First cycle test results success 6.67% (2 people), 3. Cycle II test results success 23.33% (7 people), 4. The results of the third cycle test were 63.33% successful (19 people). Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded that onion passing learning can improve the ability to pass down in grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 02 Martapura, East OKU Regency.

Upper-body isometric horizontal strength in game sport athletes.

Imagine blocking the opposing defense linemen in American football to protect your quarterback or creating gaps in the opponents' defense by setting blocks as a pivot player in handball. Such movements require a pushing action away from the body with the arms and stabilizing the whole body in different postural positions. Upper-body strength obviously plays an important role during American football and handball as well as in other game sports with opponent contact such as basketball. Yet, the availability of appropriate tests to measure upper-body strength serving sport-specific requirements seems limited. Therefore, a whole-body setup to measure isometric horizontal strength in game sport athletes was developed. The purpose of the study was to verify validity and reliability of this setup and present empirical data from game sport athletes. In 119 athletes, isometric horizontal strength was measured in three game-like standing positions (upright, slightly leaning forward and clearly leaning forward), each in three weight-shift conditions (80% of body weight on the left leg, 50/50% on both legs, 80% on the right leg). Also, handgrip strength on both sides was measured in all athletes using a dynamometer. Linear regression indicated that handgrip strength is a significant predictor of upper-body horizontal strength in female (β = 0.70, p = 0.043) but not in male athletes (β = 0.31, p = 0.117). As an expertise-related factor, linear regression indicated that the number of years played at the top level is a predictor of the upper-body horizontal relative strength measure (β = 0.05, p = 0.03). Reliability analyses showed high levels of within-test reliability (ICC > 0.90) as well as test-retest reliability between two separate measurements (r > 0.77). The results indicate that the setup used in this study could be a valid tool for measuring performance-relevant upper-body horizontal strength in different game-like positions in professional game sport athletes.

How do Girls and Boys Feel Emotions? Gender Differences in Physical Education in Primary School

Abstract The main objective of the study was to analyze the emotional intensity experienced by school-age boys and girls when participating in traditional sports games. A total of 152 students from two primary schools participated. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied to verify the distribution of the data, followed by Student’s parametric t-test for independent samples and Levene’s test for homogeneity of variance. Girls registered more intense positive emotions in games of lower decisional complexity (oppositional, cooperative, and individual games) and in non-competitive games compared to boys, who experienced positive emotions with greater intensity in cooperative-oppositional games and competitive games. Reducing sports stereotypes is necessary if the meaningful outcome of physical education is to promote shared emotional and relational well-being among all students. Therefore, traditional sports games can be an excellent tool for creating a positive impact on students’ social and emotional learning, as interpersonal relationships are key to the development of the game.

Praxeological characteristics of the game model in risky situations for football players as a determinant of rational training

Background: The article is of an implementation (application) nature, addressing problems related to the modelling of individual play in risky situations. Assuming that individual actions constitute the basis of team play, the work carried out a praxeological assessment of individual play in risky situations. These activities, due to the specificity of the sports game (group pressing), high difficulty in execution (activity in discomfort), constitute a significant element that in the modern game becomes a necessity for organized training. Methods: The assessment of actions in difficult situations was made on the example of the game of football (soccer) players from group H (Colombia, Japan, Senegal, Poland), participating in the World Cup tournament - Russia 2018 (observation of 150 players). The research used the method of noted observation, which consisted of direct recorded observation – secondary (DVD material), with the possibility of repeated replay of the events being the subject of research. The data obtained were recorded on a praxeological observation sheet. Results: Data analysis allowed to determine the level of individual actions in risky situations, which, for application purposes, determines not only the assessment of these actions against the background of dominant football teams in the world but, above all, determines the direction of game modelling in organized training of football players in Poland. Conclusion: Individual game activities are activities that are significant to the effectiveness of the game. Teams achieving better values for the above activities in the analysed tournament had higher values of praxeological indices of the game than teams losing their matches.

Validity analysis of outdoor evacuation signs based on eye movement behavior

In recent years, with the rapid economic development, people’s spiritual needs are also increasing, and more and more concerts and sports games appear in public life. However, these activities have great potential risks, and the frequent occurrence of security incidents poses a great threat to the safety of the city and the public. How to evacuate quickly and effectively has become an urgent problem to be solved. Studies have shown that during emergency, people show herd behavior during evacuation, and do not necessarily follow evacuation signs. In this paper, through simulated evacuation experiments, combined with eye movement technology, this paper studies the influence of the direction of evacuation signs and disturbing crowd on the validity of evacuation signs during the evacuation process. And the processing and analysis of the experimental data has certain reference significance for the related research on the validity of evacuation signs.

Multiagent Systems on Virtual Games: A Systematic Mapping Study

<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Context</i> : Games are a well-established scenario to test AI and Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) proposals due to their popularity and defiance. However, there is no big picture of the application of this technology to games, the evolution of the kind of problem tackled, or the game scenarios in which agents have been experimented. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Objective</i> : To perform a systematic mapping to characterise the state of the art in the field of MAS applied to virtual games and to identify trends, strengths, and gaps for further research. Method: A Systematic Mapping Study has been conducted to find primary studies in the field. A search was performed on title, abstracts, and keywords, whilst classification, data extraction, and further analysis were performed according to specific criteria focused on MAS papers with experimentation and evidence in a game scenario. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Results</i> : 78 studies published between 1998 and 2021 were found. Studies have been classified according to the MAS problem faced and the agent reasoning strategy. We detect that Machine Learning is the most common AI technique for MAS in games, considering both reinforcement learning and evolutionary techniques. MAS are used in a variety of gaming genres, especially in Real-Time Strategy (RTS), Sports and Simulation. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Conclusions</i> : RTS and Sports games are well-suited for concrete MAS problems such as multi-agent planning and task allocation. Expanding evidence and experimentation on other aspects related to scalability and usability issues is discussed. Those MAS problems and experiments that remain slightly modelled on games or are not thoroughly studied yet have been also identified.

Спортивная терминология в научно-популярном тексте (на материале немецкого языка)

The aim of the study is to describe the features of functioning of sports terminology in one of the types of sports discourse realisation, i.e. in German popular science texts using the example of the basic concepts of sports games. The paper demonstrates the features of integration of sports terms into the general educational text intended for a wide range of readers. The scientific novelty of the study lies in carrying out the linguistic analysis of texts with a dual functional orientation: 1) the need to communicate strictly thematic information, 2) the desire to do so in a form that is accessible to a wide range of readers. The results obtained make it possible to come to a conclusion about the distribution and ways of integration of sports terms into the popular science text. Along with sports terms found in a strong position and synonymous terminological units used, the text may contain well-known information that contributes to the natural inclusion of complex sports terminology in the popular science text.

STUDY REGARDING LEARNING THE FOOTBALL GAME TECHNICAL PROCEDURES AT PRIMARY STUDENTS

In the methodology of sports games, it is stipulated that the teaching of any technical procedure is based on some models, these models as the result of many biomechanical studies that refer not only to the main procedure, but also to all details specific to different styles. Hypothesis. In the case of some primary school students, are increase of their technical level, can be motived. This has been possible because the methods are carefully selected and suitable for their age. Methods and means. The subjects of this research are students from Elementary School, Gâlgăul Almașului, Sălaj County, the research lasts from 2021-2022. 15 students has been involved:9 from the third form and 6 from the 4th. At the beginning pf the study, their technical abilities have been tested: kicking-precision frequency, the ability of keeping the ball in the air as much as possible, dribbling through obstacles. Data processing used statistical tests like: accepted standard deviation, variability coefficient, the T test. Results. The frequency of kicking precision the 3 rd form - 7, 11 – (T.I) executions and 8,44 (T.F) executions, all the 4th form 7,50 T.I executions and 9,66 executions T.F. Conclusions. The results obtained shows that the selected methods lead to the technical improvement of in football game. A key factor represents a well knowing of the students’ training level and the methodology.

Sports Games and Motor Skills in Children, Adolescents and Youth with Intellectual Disabilities.

(1) Background: Sports games are one of the best ways of engaging in physical activity for individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) and Down syndrome (DS). This systematic review of the current literature aims to identify and sum relevant data on motor skills and clarify whether there are positive effects of sports programs in motor skills games in children, adolescents, and youth with ID and DS. (2) Methods: The systematic review of the papers was carried out following the methodological guidelines and by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) consensus. The following electronic databases were researched: PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and ERIC from 2001 to 2023. (3) Results: The basketball test battery can be used to improve and monitor basketball training. Basketball players with lower levels of ID achieved better results, especially those with disabilities of the II and III degrees. Futsal has a positive impact on the coordination, and the differences between the test results of the vertical jump with and without an arm swing, that can be seen indirectly as a coordination factor, were statistically significant. (4) Conclusions: Basketball is recommended as an effective and practical rehabilitation program for children, adolescents, and youth with ID and DS. Futsal is an interesting and helpful activity for individuals with ID as well.

A study on the effects of three game intervention programs on executive functions of preschool autistic children

Executive dysfunction has been widely reported in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although studies have demonstrated the intervention effect of sports game and pretend play on children’s executive function, few studies have examined the effect of Comprehensive games, and similar studies in children with ASD are scarce. In order to investigate the effect of different games on the executive functions of preschool children with ASD, 24 preschool children with ASD were selected in this study. According to the results in the executive function Pre-test, measured by the autistic children’s behavior scale and in the verbal behavior milestone assessment, the subjects were divided into three groups, and received 8 wk’ sports games, pretend play and comprehensive games interventions respectively. After the first 4 wk’ intervention, their executive functions undertook a mid-test, and the final assessment was done at the end the following 4 wk. The results showed that: (1) sports games significantly improved the working memory and cognitive flexibility of preschool children with ASD. The early stage could see the intervention effect on their working memory, while the effect on cognitive flexibility was shown in the late stage; (2) Pretend play effectively improved the working memory and cognitive flexibility of preschool children with ASD, and the intervention effect emerged in the late stage; (3) comprehensive game effectively improved the working memory and cognitive flexibility of preschoolers with ASD both before and after the intervention, and the improvement of inhibitory control has reached a marginal significant level. The intervention effect of comprehensive game was better than that of single sports games or pretends play. The results of this study have both theoretical and practical significance for the intervention of ASD children’s cognitive development.

An intervention study of VR sports games on the perceptual and motor abilities of children with incomplete intellectual development

Abstract Childhood is a critical stage for the development of perceptual and motor abilities, and strengthening the training of children with incomplete mental development at this stage will affect the development of motor skills during their growth. In this paper, we take VR technology as a starting point to build a perceptual model and introduce a convolutional sparse representation algorithm. First, a sparse representation with few non-zero elements is found to optimize a function consisting of a data fidelity term and a sparse induced penalty function. Then, the sum of the convolution of the filter and the convolution sparse feature map, i.e., the convolution operation, is computed to generate the translation invariants. Then the convolutional sparse coding method is introduced to the traditional unsupervised problem by calculating the minimization objective function and solving it in an iterative manner alternatively. Finally, the constituents of the signal are analyzed and the discrete equivalence of the convolution is derived based on the Fourier transform to derive the intervening variables. The experimental results showed that the mean value of the post-test of motor ability compared with the pre-test increased by 4.6 through an eight-week VR sports game training intervention study test on different children with incomplete mental development. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to understand the characteristics of perceptual and motor abilities of children with incomplete intellectual development and to develop corresponding programs for VR sports game training according to their characteristics.

Motives and interests of women aged 25-35 to physical education

The article shows that the main motives that motivate urban women aged 25-35 to engage in physical exercises are body shaping, normalization of body weight (32.7%), fatigue relief, increased efficiency (30.9%), and the desire to improve health (27.9%). For women in rural areas, the first place is occupied by the motives of fatigue relief, increased efficiency (36.8%), body shaping, normalization of body weight (33.6%), and relief of psycho-emotional stress (25.7%).&#x0D; The lowest ranking places among urban women are occupied by such motives as formation of a good gait, movement culture (9.7%), expanding the social circle (10.9%), rural women are least motivated to exercise by such motives as developing a good gait and movement culture (3.3%), striving for personal physical perfection (4.6%).&#x0D; Urban women prefer fitness programs (43.7%), swimming and aqua aerobics (28.5%), sports games (15.1%), dancing (12.7%) and tourism (10.9%). Rural women prefer sports games (basketball, volleyball, table tennis, badminton) (17.1%) and fitness programs (16.4%).&#x0D; Among the reasons that prevent women from exercising, the most important, regardless of where they live, are lack of free time, fatigue after work, and lack of knowledge about organizing independent exercise classes.&#x0D; The lack of opportunity to choose hobby activities was reported mostly by women living in rural areas (52.0%). Also women in rural areas reported lack of financial opportunities (43.4%), refer to the fact that feel healthy and therefore did not see the necessity for physical exercise (37.5%), and indicate insufficient knowledge of on organization issues independent physical exercises (33.6%).

Mobile games as a means of increasing the motor activity of younger school students during physical education lessons

Among a large number of various means of physical education of primary school pupils, outdoor games are widely used, which carry a high educational potential and contribute to the solution of educational and health problems. Play activities are especially important during the period of the most active character formation - in childhood. The need for movement, increased motor activity is the most important biological feature of the child's body at the age of 7-9 years. At the same time, at this age, the foundations of children's conscious attitude to their own physical fitness and awareness of the need for physical activity are laid.&#x0D; Younger children need to improve gross and fine motor skills, visual-motor and auditory-visual-motor coordination, i.e. to create a "reserve" of motor capabilities for motor development in general and for successful schooling in particular. The effectiveness of physical qualities development is determined by the choice of optimal means, methods, forms of physical education of preschool children. One of such means is outdoor activities and sports games. Thus, it should be noted the great social and pedagogical importance of outdoor games, as well as the need for their use in the physical education of primary school children.&#x0D; In the process of physical education, knowledge about movements is transferred, children are introduced to the most rational ways of performing movements that positively affect the functioning of organs and systems, allowing them to solve motor tasks with less effort. The younger age is important in terms of the effectiveness of pedagogical influence, which should ensure the completeness and timeliness of children's physical and motor development, promote the correct formation of the structure of natural movements, the analytical function of the motor apparatus