Specific Market Research Articles

Comprehensive quality profiling and multivariate analysis of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars: integrating physical, cooking, nutritional, and micronutrient characteristics for enhanced varietal selection

BackgroundRice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food for nearly half the global population, with rice grain quality (RGQ) and yield being the most valuable attributes for consumers and food security. RGQ encompasses multiple interconnected features including physical appearance, cooking properties, biochemical composition, nutritional components, and sensory aspects.MethodsThis study evaluated the agronomic performance of four commercial rice cultivars (Giza 178, Sakha 108, Sakha Super 300, and Egyptian Yasmin) during the 2022 and 2023 growing seasons. The experiment was conducted at the Rice Technology Training Center in Alexandria using a randomized complete block design with three replications. A cultivars were selected based on their commercial significance and diverse genetic backgrounds to represent the primary rice varieties grown in Egypt.ResultsAnalysis of variance revealed significant genotypic effects (p < 0.001) for most traits, with notable genotype × environment interactions in milling quality and water uptake characteristics. Multivariate analyses, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering, and correlation analysis, provided complementary evidence for cultivar differentiation. PCA demonstrated that 94.2% of total variance was explained by two principal components, with Yasmin distinctly clustering in the positive quadrant of Dim1, showing superior performance in nutritional and cooking parameters (protein: 8.51%, fiber: 0.33%, water uptake: 439.45%, elongation: 60.73%). Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed two distinct trait groupings: physical-processing parameters and nutritional-functional attributes. Cultivar Super 300 demonstrated superior performance in physical-processing metrics (milling yield: 71.69%, grain hardness: 6.56), while Yasmin exhibited exceptional nutritional-functional characteristics. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed significant relationships among quality parameters (p < 0.001), particularly between physical characteristics and milling traits (r = 0.99), and among nutritional components (r = 0.87–0.99).ConclusionThe integrated multivariate approach identified Yasmin as the superior cultivar for nutritional and cooking qualities, while Super 300 excelled in physical parameters, providing comprehensive insights for developing cultivars with optimized quality profiles tailored to specific market demands and consumer preferences.

Multiscale spatiotemporal evolution analysis of cryptocurrency returns

ABSTRACT As the cryptocurrency market rapidly evolves and solidifies its significance within the global financial system, understanding the dynamic characteristics of returns has become increasingly critical. This study examines nine major cryptocurrencies by market capitalization from 1 January 2017, to 22 November 2023, employing the Mann-Kendall breakpoint test, Pettitt test, wavelet analysis, and TVP-VAR model to uncover the trends, breaks, and cross-category correlations of returns. The findings reveal that most cryptocurrencies exhibit no significant return trends. However, the smart contract platform category experienced a pivotal shift in the latter half of 2019, followed by a substantial improvement in market performance. Additionally, smart contract platforms and alternative currencies exhibit similar return patterns, whereas stablecoins remain relatively independent. Nevertheless, during exceptional periods, the trends of all three asset classes tend to converge. Before breakpoints, cryptocurrency correlations generally intensify, while post-breakpoint correlations gradually weaken. During special market events, smart contract platforms exert a pronounced influence, whereas stablecoins maintain stability. This study bridges the gap in long-term return dynamics and cross-category interactions, providing investors with profound insights into market mechanisms and offering policymakers crucial guidance for regulatory and risk management strategies.

The last mile delivery strategy: relay station service or delivery at home?

The last mile delivery strategy: relay station service or delivery at home?

The International Global Marketing Management using the VIKOR Method

International Global marketing Management is in international marketing activities strategic planning, integration and Implementation refer to it prevails between countries cultural, economic, for legal and social differences adaptive marketing strategies and designing tactics includes. universal in marketing management Some key features and here are the considerations: market research and Analysis: each uniqueness of the target market properties and understanding requests is crucial. This involves conducting thorough market research to gather information on consumer behaviour, preferences, buying patterns, competition, and regulatory environments in different countries. Cultural Sensitivity and Adaptation: Cultural differences Recognize and value Basic. In which language, customs, traditions, Values and Beliefs are included. marketing news, product offerings and advertising strategies with local cultural norms integration is for success necessary Product Localization: of each market Specific requirements and to fulfil the wishes products or services adaptation is most likely necessary It's product features, design, packaging or local produce absolutely to fill of new products in development includes changes. tastes and requirements. Distribution and Channel Management: Choosing the right distribution channels and partners is crucial. This may involve evaluating the effectiveness of existing distribution networks or establishing new ones. Considerations include transportation logistics, warehousing, and the role of intermediaries in the supply chain. Price Strategy and Management: Determining optimal pricing strategies requires an understanding of local market conditions, competitive pricing, cost structures, and consumer purchasing power. Factors such as currency exchange rates, tariffs, and taxation also play a significant role in pricing decisions. Promotional Strategies: Global marketing campaigns must be carefully crafted to resonate with diverse audiences. This includes choosing appropriate advertising channels, messaging, and promotional methods that align with the preferences and media consumption habits of each market. Global Brand Management: Maintaining a consistent brand image while accommodating local preferences is a delicate balance. It involves establishing brand guidelines that allow for customization without diluting the core brand identity. Global marketing management research holds significant importance in today's interconnected world. Here are some Understanding Diverse Markets: Research helps companies gain a deep understanding of the diverse markets they operate in. It provides insights into consumer behaviour, preferences, and purchasing habits, allowing businesses to tailor their strategies to specific cultural, economic, and social contexts. Mitigating Risks and Challenges: Global markets come with inherent risks, including political instability, economic fluctuations, and legal complexities. Thorough research identifies these risks helps in assessment, risk reduction strategies and contingency to implement plans helps companies. Improving product offerings: of various markets personal needs and according to preferences Companies and their products or services Research helps to adapt. It is product customization; Feature improvements or Completely new May include development offerings to address specific market demands. Standardized Global Marketing, Adapted Regional Marketing, Transnational Marketing, Glocalization and Niche Market Targeting. Market Research and Analysis, Cultural Sensitivity and Adaptation, Distribution and Channel Management and Monitoring and Performance Measurement. the Rank of Global Marketing Management for using the analysis of VIKOR Method. Niche Market Targeting is got the first rank whereas is the Glocalization is having the Lowest rank.

The power of digital marketing capabilities: The case of higher education

ABSTRACT This study seeks to understand what specific digital marketing capabilities higher education institutions expect from digital marketing managers. After analyzing 255 job advertisements for digital marketing managers in North American, European, and Asia-Pacific countries, we identified 79 specific digital marketing capabilities, which were organized into 6 main themes, namely: market, results, management, media, stakeholders, and learning. Anchored on the dynamic capability framework, this study shows that 56 capabilities have not been addressed in the existing reviews of literature and 26 others were not required in the job advertisements. We also found that there is no difference in terms of digital marketing capabilities between regions or experience levels required of higher education institution managers. The findings of this study provide a framework to assess achievement in digital marketing, recruit new staff, and design digital marketing curricula for educators. This work can also serve as the basis for analyzing emerging capabilities and rebalancing the resources dedicated to new and traditional digital marketing capabilities. Finally, the capabilities presented in the framework could be further explored in order to fill the gap in the literature.

CONSUMER BEHAVIOR-BASED MARKETING STRATEGY : A STUDY ON INDOSAT OOREDOO USERS IN SURABAYA

This study aims to analyze the marketing strategy based on consumer behavior of Indosat Ooredoo users in the city of Surabaya. The main focus of the research is to understand consumer behavior in choosing and using telecommunication services, identify factors that influence consumer decisions, and formulate relevant marketing strategies based on consumer preferences and needs. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection methods in the form of in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The informants consist of Indosat Ooredoo consumers and relevant internal parties. The results of the study show that consumer behavior is influenced by preferences for competitive pricing, network stability, service personalization, and digital experience through the MyIM3 application. The main factors that influence consumer decisions include price, network quality, digital innovation, and brand image. Based on these findings, recommended marketing strategies include adjusting data plans for specific market segments, improving network quality, strengthening digital features, and customer service responsiveness. This research has limitations in its limited scope to the city of Surabaya and a qualitative approach that relies on the subjectivity of the informant. Further research with a quantitative approach or a broader scope is recommended to provide a more comprehensive understanding.

Dynamic food procurement and cross-sectoral tensions: The practical and contractual complexities of digitizing local school food supply

Localizing school food procurement has been the subject of international scholarship for several decades, including in the UK, where examples of isolated good practice have emerged. The benefits of local school food are based on three key potentials - sustainable food system transformation, the special market agency of public authorities, and the cultural benefits of localizing school meals. A new technological innovation called Dynamic Food Procurement (DFP) has recently enabled the efficient bundling of local produce for school catering buyers. Using a cross-sectoral Living Lab methodology in the English county of Gloucestershire, this article describes a governance experiment to apply DFP technology to optimize local procurement for a school meals service feeding over 18,000 pupils daily. While the Living Lab created an iterative, transparent and inclusive structure to plan the introduction of DFP, the experiment faced entrenched commercial practices, policy inconsistency and legal complexities to reveal the limited leverage of the work at a large territorial scale. The main contribution of the article is to review the potentials of purchasing power of public food with finer-grained practical experiences of local authority school procurement policy.

Unpacking farmers’ multiple values in grapevine variety choice

Abstract Understanding farmers’ values that underpin crop choices is pivotal for designing effective and adequate sustainable agricultural policies. While significant attention has been given to the agronomic, economic and socio-cultural values of smallholder farmers in the Global South, the plural values held by commercial farmers in the Global North—specifically ascribed to perennial crops—remain underexplored. Here, we adopt an emic perspective to investigate farmers’ values involved in past and anticipated choices of grapevine varieties in the Gaillac region (southwestern France). We conducted 35 interviews with farmers, and recorded 962 expressions of values for 50 cultivated grapevine varieties. Using a mixed deductive-inductive approach, we classified these values, and identified groups of farmers and varieties based on shared values using a network analysis. Farmers’ expressions of values were grouped into five domains: wine-growing (21.9%, e.g., yield), wine-making (21.8%, e.g., organoleptic properties), economics (20.7%, e.g., specific market), sense-based (23.7%, e.g., attachment to place), and external factors (11.9%, e.g., varietal regulations). Results suggest that the diversity and variation of values held by different groups of farmers and groups of varieties are key to supporting the high level of crop diversity observed at both farm and vineyard scales. Specifically, the feelings of attachment and sense of belonging to the Gaillac region are effective triggers in the maintenance of local grapevine varieties. Our research emphasizes the diverse place-based values attributed to crops, and highlights the importance of integrating sense-based values in developing biodiversity-based policies.

Heterogeneous labour market trajectories in the EU: convergence, divergence and stagnation across regions

The scientific objective of this study is to analyse and compare the convergence, divergence, or stagnation of selected regional labour markets indicators in the European Union, employing beta and sigma convergence concepts and the convergence club approach. By analysing seven labour market indicators from the Regional Competitiveness Index, we uncover a complex and heterogeneous landscape of labour market dynamics. Significant beta convergence is observed in three of the seven indicators, while the remaining four display stagnation. However, sigma convergence is not detected in any of the indicators; instead, two show divergence and five exhibit stagnation. Recognizing that these mixed results may stem from the fact that regions belong to distinct “convergence clubs” shaped by path dependency, we separately analyse post-socialist and capitalist regions. The convergence club approach proves useful in interpreting these varied patterns of convergence, divergence and stagnation in EU regional labour markets. Our findings suggest that while certain regions are converging on specific labour market indicators (e.g. gender balance in unemployment, long-term unemployment), others, particularly in terms of overall unemployment rates and labour productivity, are diverging. This underscores the high degree of heterogeneity within EU regional labour markets, driven by structural, institutional and historical factors.The study highlights that labour market convergence is not an automatic process but one that necessitates strategic, long-term interventions. Policy responses must be tailored and sensitive to the unique circumstances and historical trajectories of each region, aiming not only to reduce immediate disparities but to foster sustainable development that aligns with the overarching goals of economic convergence across the European Union.

Audit fees and audit quality in Austria—a replicatory study in the wake of the EU audit reform

Abstract The study investigates the effect of the 2016 EU Audit Reform on audit fees and audit quality in Austria. The reform aimed to enhance audit quality through increased auditor independence and market competition. This study replicates and extends the analysis by Willekens et al. (2019), focusing on the Austrian market and covering a longer period: 2010–2022. The findings indicate that the reform led to a slight decrease in market concentration and a more even distribution of market shares among the Big4 audit firms. The number of auditors in the public interest entities (PIEs) market, however, decreased. Contrary to the trend in the EU identified by Willekens et al. (2019), we observed a significant negative effect of the audit reform indicator on audit fees in Austria following the reform. This is likely due to high competition and specific market conditions. Overall, we found a negative effect of the reform dummy, but the results for the individual reform measures were mixed. Using proxies, such as discretionary accruals and restatements, the study found mixed results regarding the reform’s effect on audit quality. The introduction of a fee cap for non-audit services led to a reduction in these fees, potentially enhancing auditor independence. The study highlights the unique characteristics of the Austrian audit market and suggests that the aims of the EU Audit Reform were partially met in Austria.

Effect of Calcium Chloride, Cytokinin and Abscisic Acid on Growth of Rose Cut-flower (Rosa hybrida)

Rose (Rosa hybrida) is a popular and extensively cultivated cut flower amongst commodities in the floriculture industry.However, there has been an increase in losses both in quantity and quality of cut roses which has significantly affected the production and return on investment. The highest loss reported has been at 18.87% at the producer level. These losses have been attributed to inadequate adaptability under circumstances involving humidity and temperature extremes, leading to high respiration, rapid cell disintegration and loss of aesthetic value of cut rose. This study therefore, investigated the effect of calcium chloride, cytokinin, and abscisic acid on the growth of tea hybrid rose, Rhodos variety. The study was cultivated over two flushes, August 2023- November 2023 and November 2023-January 2024 in Redlands Roses PLC, in Ruiru, Kiambu County. The field experiment was laid out in RCBD. There were 10 treatments including non-application (control); CaCl2 (250, 500 and 750 mg/L), CKs (150, 250 and 350 mg/L), and ABA (5, 10 and 15 mg/L). Data was collected at seven days’ interval throughout the growth period, starting from 3 weeks after initial bending in flush 1 and after pruning in flush 2. Data obtained was analyzed using SAS version 9.4 and significant means were separated using the Least Significant Difference at ∝=0.05. The analysis of variance for flush 1 and 2 respectively, showed that CKs significantly (p&lt;0.05) increased the number of shoots produced per plant (4.22 and 2.78 shoots), stem length (83.22 cm and 82.56 cm), leaf area (76.67 and 72.44 cm2), number of suckers (17.83 and 15.67), flush days (51.72 and 53.67 days), and chlorophyll content (72.95 and 70.77 SPADS) in cut flowers. On the other hand, the shortest stem length was recorded on plots treated with ABA (68.56 and 68.78 cm), flush days (49.06 and 50.67 days), chlorophyll content (64.74 and 65.13 SPADS) and leaf area (61 and 54.11 cm2). CaCl2 reduced incidences of bent peduncles in flushes one and two (2.07 and 1.13). To improve on the growth qualities (number of shoots produced per plant, stem length, leaf area, flush days, and chlorophyll content) the growers should consider application of cytokinin at 250 mg/L and 350 mg/L. However, application of cytokinin comes with a risk of increased number of suckers. To reduce incidences of bent peduncles, growers should always apply 750 mg/L of CaCl2 before the formation of the flower bud. To reduce the number of flush days in target of a specific market, growers can apply ABA (15 mg/L) at prebloom stage.

Why and when should brands turn organic? A twofold market-offering perspective

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the impact of a company’s decision to turn organic. Specifically, it examines the effect of such a decision on brand/product outcomes, and the role that organic market penetration plays in these effects.Design/methodology/approachTwo experiments were conducted using two different food product categories. Data were analyzed using mean comparison tests, serial mediation and moderation analyses.FindingsResults from Study 1 show that turning organic serially leads to increased perceptions of brand adaptability (mediator 1) and a positive effect on consumers’ perceived product quality (mediator 2), thus leading to stronger purchase intentions. Study 2 replicates and highlights the importance of market characteristics, showing that in markets with low organic market penetration rate (OMPR), brands turning organic are seen as challenging market norms, serially increasing (1) brand innovativeness (an additional mediator), (2) adaptability, (3) product quality perceptions, and then purchase intentions.Research limitations/implicationsThis research used online experiments, but the analysis of actual consumer decisions would bring further insight into the effects of turning organic. Moreover, the experiments involved only food products, while other fast-growing organic product categories – like organic cosmetics – could be examined for replication purposes.Practical implicationsBy turning organic, brands can position themselves as adaptable and responsive to changing market trends, which – in turn – positively influences how consumers perceive product quality. Companies can thus leverage this positioning by emphasizing their transition to organic in marketing campaigns, framing it as a response to evolving consumer values. Further, turning organic is more beneficial in markets with low OMPRs, which indicates that brands should consider turning organic primarily in such markets.Originality/valueUnlike previous studies that focused on the static fact of being organic, this research adopts a dynamic view by showing that turning organic affects both product and brand outcomes. It also examines the specific market conditions under which turning organic is the most favorable for brands.

Exclusive Dakwah and Effective Branding: A Case Study of Majelis Taklim Zaadul Muslim in Examining Jamaah Loyalty Through the Touchpoint Method

This study examines the phenomenon of the high number of attendees at Majelis Taklim Zaadul Muslim, despite its exclusive and closed-content religious gatherings. This research is important to identify the factors that make this Majelis Taklim highly appealing and to understand how its unique strengths attract specific market segments. The objective of the study is to explain the dissemination of Majelis Taklim Zaadul Muslim's ideas through branding activities. The research employs a qualitative method, utilizing Talcott Parsons' cultural theory to explore participants' in-depth experiences. Alina Wheeler's brand touchpoint theory is used to identify the mediums that connect the attendees. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and content analysis. The findings reveal that effective brand touchpoints contribute to the increasing number of attendees from diverse backgrounds. The main findings include: 1) The da'wah model of Habib Alwi As-Segaf, which adheres to Asy’ariyah and Maturidiyyah theology, 2) Branding activities that create emotional connections and a strong image, and 3) Positive perceptions of branding among attendees. This study recommends further research using an anthropological approach and can serve as a reference for new Majelis Taklim in implementing branding strategies in their da'wah activities.

Meningkatkan Keunggulan Kompetitif Lembaga melalui Strategi Pemasaran Efektif (Studi Kasus RA Masyitoh 32 Pasinggangan)

Raudhatul Athfal Institution occupies a unique position in the community along with the increasing attention and interest of the community in religious educational institutions, but effective marketing strategies have not been widely implemented by many RA institutions. This article examines in more depth the strategy of RA Masyitoh 32 Pasinggangan in marketing its institution. The research approach used is qualitative with the type of case study research, data obtained through interviews, observations and documentation. The results of the study found that 1) RA Masyitoh 3 Pasinggangan formulated market conditions through 3 activities, namely micro-environmental analysis, marketing orientation and competitor analysis, 2) Marketing strategies for competitive advantage used are cost strategy and differentiation strategy. 3) Market segmentation is carried out based on demographics and behavior, Targeting is carried out based on customer orientation and specific market strategy (Single segment concentration) and positioning is carried out with the characteristics of superior Islamic learning program quality. 4) The market mix utilized for market advantage is programs, human resources and effective promotions.

Leveraging of Digital B2C Marketing Between Product innovativeness and Product love

This study investigates the impact of product innovativeness and digital B2C marketing on fostering product love among mobile consumers in Egypt, with a focus on telecommunications companies. The purpose of the research is to explore how these two factors influence consumer emotions and brand attachment, and to examine the mediating role of digital B2C marketing in this relationship. The study is based on a survey of 500 consumers of telecommunications services in Egypt, with data collected through structured questionnaires. Statistical tools including descriptive statistics, reliability and validity analysis, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), and mediation analysis were employed to test the proposed hypotheses. The results reveal that both product innovativeness and digital B2C marketing have significant positive direct effects on product love. Moreover, digital B2C marketing was found to mediate the relationship between product innovativeness and product love, amplifying the emotional connection consumers feel toward innovative products. The study recommends that telecommunications companies in Egypt prioritize continuous product innovation and invest in targeted digital marketing strategies that engage consumers emotionally. By integrating innovation with personalized and interactive digital marketing, companies can strengthen customer love, and maintain a competitive edge in the fast-evolving market. Further research is encouraged to explore the long-term effects of these relationships and to examine the specific digital marketing strategies that most effectively foster product love.

실물옵션을 활용한 미분양주택 매입확약 가치 산정: LH공사의 주택개발리츠 및 미분양 CR리츠 사례를 중심으로

The approach of guaranteeing the purchase of unsold housing units in LH Housing Development REITs is determined at a level sufficient to secure the minimum project cost for participation. This approach, which seeks the equilibrium point for discount sales rates acceptable in the market, has limitations as it is influenced by specific real estate market conditions and the preferences of project participants. Additionally, in the case of CR REITs for unsold housing, the determination of purchase guarantee rates requires a more proactive decision-making process, supplementing the traditional evaluation methods, as part of a policy tool for market stabilization. This study examines the cases of LH Housing Development REITs and unsold housing CR REITs to propose the adoption of a flexible policy support structure for the purchase guarantee mechanism in variable real estate market conditions. By incorporating a logical approach to calculating purchase guarantee values—using real options, specifically the put option value derived from the Black-Scholes option pricing model—into the existing project process, this study suggests that the extent of risk-sharing by policy support entities like LH Corporation and the acceptable sales risks for market participants can be evaluated more rationally. Furthermore, this framework can serve as a theoretical tool for similar project structures.

Commercialization of NTU “KhPI” innovations with digital marketing tools in the experience economy

Purpose. Formation of theoretical and methodological approaches to the definition of effective tools for the commercialization of university startups based on taking into account the emotional aspect of interaction with consumers and investors. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study was the modern achievements obtained in the field of innovative theory and the conceptual foundations of the economy of impressions. The following methods of scientific research were used as specific research tools: a systematic approach, based on which the place of the concept of the economy of impressions in the process of commercialization of startups in the university environment was determined; generalization and systematization – when determining the benchmarks of consumer behavior in relation to innovations and motivational mechanisms of innovative activity in the business sector; comparative analysis – when distinguishing the peculiarities of startups of NTU “KhPI” and Stanford University; analysis and synthesis – when distinguishing the directions of using impression marketing at different stages of the startup’s development. Findings. The article proposes a new perspective on the commercialization process of university-based startups through the lens of the experience economy concept. Six key stages of startup development are identified: idea, incubation, prototype development, promotion, servicing, and scaling. The components of the university’s sustainable innovation ecosystem are characterized, including the Spark startup center, the research and development unit, the technology park, as well as external and internal events that facilitate the commercialization of innovative projects. The study highlights that digital marketing, with an emphasis on its emotional aspect, plays a crucial role in engaging both consumers and investors at every stage of commercialization. Specific digital marketing tools, such as social media platforms, webinars, interactive content, and personalized advertising campaigns, are explored for their ability to enhance audience engagement and foster an emotional connection with the product. Key sources of startup funding are identified, including consumer sales, investor contributions, and grant programs. Originality. An improved theoretical and methodological approach is formed to determining the directions of commercialization of university startups, which, unlike the existing ones, involves taking into account the emotional aspect of the interaction of the subjects of innovative activity and influencing their behavior through digital marketing tools. Practical value. The proposed recommendations for using the concept of economics of impressions in the commercialization of startups can be the basis for developing strategies for promoting new products and services. The use of emotional marketing at different stages of startup development, such as incubation and scaling, will provide competitive advantages, facilitating better adaptation of startups to market conditions and consumer requests. The results of the study can be used in the practice of universities to support startups, as well as in entrepreneurship training programs.

The Swift Rise and Sudden Fall: Examining the Collapse of Silicon Valley Bank

The present case study is based on the recent collapse of Silicon Valley Bank (SVB), a respected bank known for its strong focus on financing start-ups and venture capital firms. The objective is to provide an account of the events that led to the collapse of SVB. The reasons for the collapse are manifolds; including a liquidity crisis triggered by a significant bank run on its deposits by start-up clients, macro-economic factors such as inflation surge and interest rate hikes, Dodd-Frank Act Amendment 2018, corporate governance and risk management issues. The sudden collapse had significant implications for start-up financing, with many start-ups facing a liquidity crisis and some shutting down altogether. The case is analysed with data extracted from SVB financial statements and the Bloomberg database. The findings reveal that Asset liability mismatch, regularity loopholes, aggressive decision-making, specific client concentration and financial market changes are the major reasons for bank failures. The case also provides some important lessons, including the importance of diversification, monitoring financial health, and building strong relationships with the customer base. The subject that this case will fit in is financial statement analysis, corporate finance and auditing.

THE IMPACT MODEL OF DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS ON INTERNET MARKETING PROCESSES

The organization of advertising and marketing by widely using the capabilities of the Internet has paved the way for the successful solution of economic processes. The use of demographic indicators to increase the efficiency of online advertising and marketing activities is a relevant and important issue to solve. This article determines the options of new campaigns to be conducted based on the personal data of online advertising and marketing users. The use of demographic indicators of customers for the study of marketing or public opinion creates conditions for identifying a specific consumer market. The article proposes a new model for the successful implementation of advertising and marketing based on the analysis of demographic indicators. This enables to adapt marketing messages and offers to specific population groups, increase their relevance and effectiveness. The impact of demographic indicators on advertising and marketing strategies can be useful for attracting new customers and can lead to an increase in the number of customers in sales. The article examines the theoretical aspects of using demographic data in Internet marketing and proposes a model for increasing the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. An analysis of existing research identifies the main factors affecting the effectiveness of marketing. The results of the study can be used by marketers to optimize their strategies and increase their competitiveness.

Blockchain-facilitated quality traceability and pre-sale inspection: Influencing geographical indication supply chain contracts and farmer quality decisions

Blockchain-facilitated quality traceability and pre-sale inspection: Influencing geographical indication supply chain contracts and farmer quality decisions