Specific Diet Research Articles

The influence of diet on patients suffering from Fibromyalgia Syndrome

Fibromyalgia is a chronic centralized pain syndrome characterized by disordered transmission of pain stimuli. The symptoms of fibromyalgia are very diverse and patients often experience musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, psychiatric disorders (especially depression), sleep disturbances and gastrointestinal disorders. Since there is no cure for fibromyalgia, the proper diagnosis of the illness and consequently treating fibromyalgia effectively are key factors for reducing symptoms and improving a patient's quality of life. The review article shows different nutritional approaches on FM patients that have been researched in recent years and are key factor for integrated recovery plan and managing symptoms. Patients may benefit not only from proper treatment, physiotherapy and psychotherapy, but also from concrete nutritional approach which can influence inflammatory processes and central sensitization which are considered nowadays to play a major role in pathogenesis of the illness. There is not enough evidence that specific diet therapy is to be considered for the treatment of FM. However, overall studies revealed that weight control, anti-inflammatory diets, and vitamin D supplementation are beneficial in managing FM symptoms but further research is needed in this matter. Materials and Methods Systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. The search covered studies published between 2001 and 2024. The review was performed according to preferred reporting items for peer-reviewed articles, randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses. This article is based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Evaluation of the Impact of Mobile Health App Vitadio in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Effective diabetes management requires a multimodal approach involving lifestyle changes, pharmacological treatment, and continuous patient education. Self-management demands can be overwhelming for patients, leading to lowered motivation, poor adherence, and compromised therapeutic outcomes. In this context, digital health apps are emerging as vital tools to provide personalized support and enhance diabetes management and clinical outcomes. This study evaluated the impact of the digital health application Vitadio on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Secondary objectives included evaluating its effects on cardiometabolic parameters (weight, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, and heart rate) and self-reported measures of diabetes distress and self-management. In this 6-month, 2-arm, multicenter, unblinded randomized controlled trial, patients aged 18 years or older diagnosed with T2DM were randomly assigned (1:1) to an intervention group (IG) receiving standard diabetes care reinforced by the digital health app Vitadio or to a control group (CG) provided solely with standard diabetes care. Vitadio provided a mobile-based self-management support tool featuring educational modules, motivational messages, peer support, personalized goal setting, and health monitoring. The personal consultant was available in the app to provide technical support for app-related issues. The primary outcome, assessed in the intention-to-treat population, was a change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included changes in cardiometabolic measures and self-reported outcomes. Data were collected in 2 study centers: diabetologist practice in Dessau-Roßlau and the University of Dresden. Between November 2022 and June 2023, a total of 276 patients were screened for eligibility, with 149 randomized to in intervention group (IG; n=73) and a control group (CG; n=76). The majority of participants were male (91/149, 61%). The dropout rate at month 6 was 19% (121/149). While both groups achieved significant HbA1c reduction at 6 months (IG: mean -0.8, SD 0.9%, P<.001; CG: mean -0.3, SD 0.7%, P=.001), the primary confirmatory analysis revealed statistically significant advantage of the IG (adjusted mean difference: -0.53%, SD 0.15, 95% CI -0.24 to -0.82; P<.001; effect size [Cohen d]=0.67, 95% CI 0.33-1). Significant between-group differences in favor of the IG were also observed for weight loss (P=.002), BMI (P=.001) and systolic blood pressure (P<.03). In addition, Vitadio users experienced greater reduction in diabetes-related distress (P<.03) and obtained more pronounced improvements in self-care practices in the areas of general diet (P<.001), specific diet (P<.03), and exercise (P<.03). This trial provides evidence for the superior efficacy of Vitadio in lowering the HbA1c levels in T2DM patients compared to standard care. In addition, Vitadio contributed to improvements in cardiometabolic health, reduced diabetes-related distress, and enhanced self-management, highlighting its potential as an accessible digital tool for comprehensive diabetes management. German Clinical Trials Registry DRKS00027405; https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00027405.

Uncovering Causal Links Between Dietary Habits and Cardiovascular Diseases.

Dietary modification plays a crucial role in preventing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), but evidence linking specific diets to stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is limited. This study investigates causal relationships between defined dietary exposures (e.g., fruit/vegetable intake, muesil consumption) and CVD outcomes, while evaluating the potential mediating role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). We employed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using genetic data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in the UK Biobank and IEU database, validated with FinnGen data, to examine causal relationships between 83 dietary habits and CVD. Additionally, a meta-analysis was conducted using studies from PubMed and Web of Science to assess diet-stroke associations. Random-effects models were applied to estimate pooled relative risks (RR), with sensitivity analyses for robustness. MR identified eight significant diet-AMI and eighteen diet-stroke associations, but HDL-C did not mediate the diet-stroke relationship. The meta-analysis of 50 studies confirmed a link between specific diets and stroke risk. This study confirms associations between specific dietary factors and stroke/AMI, though HDL-C's role in AMI is unclear. These results reinforce the importance of targeted dietary modifications in primary prevention, and further research is needed to clarify underlying mechanisms.

Current diagnostic and therapeutical approaches to bone metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: A cross-sectional study.

Current diagnostic and therapeutical approaches to bone metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: A cross-sectional study.

Factors Associated with the Use of Specific Diets and Their Impact on the Nutritional Status of Moroccan Adults

This research, which used a validated conceptual and methodological framework, examined the factors associated with the adoption of specific diets and their influence on the nutritional status of adults from 507 households in the Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region in Morocco. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, health status, and specific diets were collected using a questionnaire from one member per household. Anthropometric parameters, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body fat composition (%FM), and body muscle composition (%MM), were measured by impedance and metric tape. The majority of the study population was aged 35-71 years (59%), urban (70%), female (52%), and overweight (51%), and 24% were at high risk of cardiovascular and metabolic syndrome. The statistical analysis revealed several associations between the different specific diets adopted by the population and their nutritional status, assessed by various anthropometric indicators. The data obtained can be used as a basis for implementing relevant nutritional interventions.

Glutaric aciduria type-1 in a teenager with nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency: coexistence of two treatable conditions.

Nutritional deficiency-associated morbidity is still widespread in India and occurs due to various factors like lifestyle, diet and social and cultural issues. Here, we report a teenager who presented with symptoms and signs of vitamin B12 deficiency in association with a rare underlying metabolic disorder. A teenager in his early adolescence presented with acute febrile illness with clinical signs of hypopigmented hair, knuckle hyperpigmentation, dystonia and spasticity. Neuroimaging showed bilateral putamen signal changes and batwing sign features with a deranged metabolic profile (elevated serum homocysteine with low serum vitamin B12, free carnitine and acylcarnitine). Further, exome sequencing identified a novel, likely pathogenic frameshift deletion, c.1021delA, with the change of amino acid from threonine to leucine at position 341 with the introduction of stop codon after 16 amino acids with subsequent protein truncation, in the GCDH gene. Thus, we started the patient on parental cobalamin therapy with a glutaric aciduria type-1 specific diet. On follow-up, the child showed significant improvement, with a decrease in hyperpigmentation and dystonia.

Nutritional Approach to Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: A Narrative Review.

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a functional digestive disorder whose incidence has been acknowledged by several medical associations, such as the American Gastroenterological Association. It is estimated that between 14% and 40% of patients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome also have SIBO, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis to enable effective treatment plans. Nutrition and diet therapy play a pivotal role in SIBO management, not only in alleviating symptoms but also in preventing relapses. The objective of this review is to gather updated information on dietary management for SIBO to define the role of the dietitian and determine the most suitable nutritional therapy based on scientific evidence. The review will encompass various strategies, ranging from specific diets to dietary supplements, as well as the potential contribution of dietary treatment to improving SIBO.

РОЛЬ ИММУНОЛОГИЧЕСКИ ОБОСНОВАННЫХ ДИЕТ В ЛЕЧЕНИИ ЯЗВЕННОГО КОЛИТА

The inclusion of additional immune factors in the pathogenetic mechanisms of inflammatory bowel diseases that occur during the formation of food immunization can enhance the manifestations of the disease and contribute to its progression. The purpose of the study: to show the effectiveness of immunologically based diets in patients with ulcerative colitis based on the exclusion of food antigens from the diet of patients, which are a source of food sensitization. Materials and methods: food sensitization was studied in 180 patients with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and 25 healthy adults. Hypersensitivity reactions to food antigens were detected in all subjects, including healthy individuals, in proportion to the severity of the disease (the highest number in patients with ulcerative colitis, the lowest in healthy individuals, p&lt;0.05). The effectiveness of a hypoallergenic diet was studied in patients with ulcerative colitis. The study involved 60 patients receiving standard medical treatment. In the first group of patients (n=30), an individual specific elimination hypoallergenic diet selected by a laboratory method was used as dietary therapy, excluding from the diet those foods to whose antigens type I, III and IV hypersensitivity reactions were detected, as well as non-food allergens coming from food (the main group of patients). The patients in the comparison group (n=30) received a standard table with mechanical and chemical sparing, namely, a standard table with a Pevsner subgroup No. 4 during exacerbation, and a table 2 during remission. Results of the study: patients with ulcerative colitis showed a high degree of sensitization to food antigens. The elimination of food allergens from the patients' diet contributed to significantly faster relief of clinical symptoms, restoration of laboratory and endoscopic parameters than in the comparison group, as well as preservation of the results obtained during the 4-year follow-up period. Conclusion: an individual (personalized) elimination diet that restricts the intake of food allergens, selected in a laboratory manner, promotes clinical, laboratory, endoscopic and immunological remission of ulcerative colitis.

Dietary factors and oral cancer risk: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization analysis in a European population

BackgroundOral cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The main etiological factors are tobacco and alcohol, and diet is now considered an important factor in its development. However, it remains to be elucidated whether the associations between specific diets and oral cancer risk are causal. Therefore, in this study, we performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to estimate the associations of specific diets with the risk of oral cavity cancer (OCC).MethodsWe conducted a two-sample MR analysis to assess the causal effect of diet on the risk of OCC. Six types of diets, including champagne or white wine (sample size: 175,549), red wine (sample size: 211,628), dried fruit (sample size: 409,125), fresh fruit (sample size: 433,186), average weekly beer plus cider (sample size: 327,634), and never eat eggs, dairy, wheat, sugar: wheat products (sample size: 461,046), were included as exposures. Summary statistics of OCC were obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) including 1223 OCC cases and 2928 controls of European ancestry. We used the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary method, with the weighted median and MR Egger used as supplementary methods for causal inference. Sensitivity analyses, including the Cochran Q test, Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO test, and leave-one-out analysis, were performed to verify the robustness of the MR results.ResultsThe univariate MR showed that champagne or white wine consumption (β = 11.80, p = 0.006), average weekly beer plus cider intake (β = 4.73, p = 0.003), red wine consumption (β = 8.22, p = 0.024), and the never eat eggs, dairy, wheat, sugar: wheat products (β = 14.34, p = 0.002) increased the risk of OCC; Whereas fresh fruit consumption (β = − 3.20, p = 0.038), dried fruit consumption (β = − 2.98, p = 0.012) were protective. The multivariable MR estimates, after controlling for other diets, were as follows: when controlling for the never eat eggs, dairy, wheat, sugar: wheat products and fresh fruit consumption, the effect of average weekly beer plus cider intake on OCC risk was significant, and when controlling for dried fruit consumption, the effect had a P-value close to significant (p = 0.052). The two-step MR showed human characterization: When assessing the impact of dried fruit consumption and fresh fruit consumption, we observed a mediation effect of appendicular lean mass. Furthermore, when assessing the impact of dried fruit consumption and average weekly beer plus cider intake, we observed a mediation effect of standing height. Human system: When exploring the influence of never eat eggs, dairy, wheat, sugar: wheat products, we found a mediation effect of the occurrence of hypothyroidism. Likewise, when assessing the impact of fresh fruit consumption, we found the mediation effect of other diseases of the digestive system. Human metabolite: For the never eat eggs, dairy, wheat, sugar: wheat products, we observed a mediation effect of triglyceride levels in LDL and triglyceride levels in small LDL.ConclusionsThis study provides champagne or white wine consumption, average weekly beer plus cider intake, red wine consumption, and the never eat eggs, dairy, wheat, sugar: wheat products may increased the risk of OCC; Whereas fresh fruit and dried fruit consumption may were protective. This study analyzed the pathways by which dietary factors influence OCC in aspect of human characterization, human system, and human metabolite. These findings may help inform future research on preventing or treating OCC by modifying dietary factors.

A case study highlighting the impact of Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri (Linn.) Pennell.) Panchanga Churna in the management of Pandu Roga

Introduction: Pandu is characterized mainly by Vaivarnya of body with other Lakshanas like Agnimandya, Daurbalya, Angamarda etc. and can be correlated to Anaemia in contemporary medicine. In the present study the patient is a 26-year-old female who presented with symptoms like Pandutwa in Anana Netra Nakha (Pallor of face, sclera and nails), Hritspandanam (palpitation), Dourbalya (general weakness), Hata Anala (diminished digestive power), Bhrama (giddiness) and hair fall. Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri (Linn.) Pennell.) is an important drug of Ayurveda classical texts and Indian Materia medica and well known as a Medya and Rasayana, is taken to evaluate its clinical efficacy in the management of Pandu Roga. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri (Linn.) Pennell.) Panchanga Churna in the management of Pandu Roga. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on a woman of 26 years, for a period of 120 days. 5g of Brahmi Panchanga Churna was given twice daily. No specific diet change was instructed during the course of treatment. Clinical symptoms and hematological parameters were documented before, during and after treatment. Results: After using Brahmi Panchanga Churna, 5 g twice daily for 120 days, without any specific change in diet habit, a noticeable improvement in symptoms is seen and Hb% is enhanced from 9 g/dL to 11 g/dL. Conclusion: The results suggest that Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri (Linn.) Pennell.) Panchanga Churna is significantly effective in the management of Pandu Roga.

Association of dietary inflammatory index with mortality risk: a prospective analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

The energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII), a tool developed based on comprehensive research and literature reviews, is used to assess the inflammatory potential of specific diets. Although previous research has demonstrated an association between E-DII and mortality, longitudinal studies investigating a causal relationship in Asian populations are lacking. This study aimed to explore the prospective association between E-DII and the risk of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality using a population-based Korean cohort. The analysis included data from 40,596 individuals who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2007 and 2015. The exclusion criteria encompassed the diagnosis of cancer or CVD at baseline, pregnancy at baseline, and death within the first 2 years after baseline. The E-DII was calculated using data from 24-hour dietary recall interviews. Cox proportional hazard regression models were employed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality risk across E-DII tertiles. Over an 8.2-year follow-up period, 2,070 deaths were recorded. Compared with the lowest E-DII, a higher index was associated with an increased risk of mortality from all causes (HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.25 to 1.69), cancer (HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.81), and CVD (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.18). The association between E-DII and all-cause mortality was particularly pronounced among individuals with metabolic conditions. Our findings suggest a strong positive association between high E-DII and increased mortality in Korean adults, especially those with metabolic disorders.

Exploring the Gut-Brain Axis: Microbiome Contributions to Pathophysiology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Potential Therapeutic Strategies.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity, significantly impacting individuals' daily functioning and quality of life. This manuscript explores the intricate relationship between the gut microbiome and ADHD, emphasizing the role of the gut-brain axis, a bidirectional communication pathway linking the central nervous system (CNS) and the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The composition of gut microbiota influences several physiological processes, including immune function, metabolism, and the production of neuroactive metabolites, which are critical for cognitive functions such as memory and decision-making. The review discusses alternative therapeutic options, including dietary modifications, synbiotics, and specific diets like the ketogenic diet, which may offer promising outcomes in managing ADHD symptoms. Further research is necessary to establish the efficacy and mechanisms of action of synbiotics and dietary interventions, despite preliminary studies suggesting their potential benefits. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the gut microbiome's impact on ADHD, highlighting the need for continued investigation into innovative treatment strategies that leverage the gut-brain connection.

The Genetic Architecture of Congenital Diarrhea and Enteropathy

BackgroundNext-generation sequencing has enabled precision therapeutic approaches that have improved the lives of children with rare diseases. Congenital diarrhea and enteropathies (CODEs) are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although treatment of these disorders is largely supportive, emerging targeted therapies based on genetic diagnoses include specific diets, pharmacologic treatments, and surgical interventions.MethodsWe analyzed the exomes or genomes of infants with suspected monogenic congenital diarrheal disorders. Using cell and zebrafish models, we tested the effects of variants in newly implicated genes.ResultsIn our case series of 129 infant probands with suspected monogenic congenital diarrheal disorders, we identified causal variants, including a new founder NEUROG3 variant, in 62 infants (48%). Using cell and zebrafish models, we also uncovered and functionally characterized three novel genes associated with CODEs: GRWD1, MYO1A, and MON1A.ConclusionsWe have characterized the broad genetic architecture of CODE disorders in a large case series of patients and identified three novel genes associated with CODEs. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others.)

One-year follow-up of a short specific carbohydrate diet intervention in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A retrospectively controlled study with focus on medical burden.

Studies on diet as a complementary treatment in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) are limited. We have previously reported initial findings from a study exploring the potential anti-inflammatory effects of a 1-month specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) in children with JIA. This paper presents the full-year follow-up results, primarily focusing on changes in medication needs before and after the intervention. Twenty-eight patients with JIA, with low disease activity, were included. The results of disease activity, physical function, pain, morning stiffness, and inflamed joints from the 1-month intervention, as well as long-term effects, were evaluated. The medical burden during the year before and 1year after the dietary intervention was compared with three times as many retrospective patients with JIA. Despite adherence challenges, twenty-one children completed at least 1month on the diet with a significant improvement in clinical variables that appeared to persist for several months. Sixteen children completed a 1-year follow-up, and the medical burden was compared with that of 48 matched retrospective controls. We observed no significant group-level changes in medication use from the dietary intervention. In six participants, the need for medical escalation was eliminated following the dietary intervention, and this effect was maintained for 1year. The SCD shows promise in alleviating symptoms in children with JIA, both in the short and long-term. While no significant group-level changes were observed, some participants avoided treatment escalations, suggesting individual benefits. However, larger-scale studies using a less complicated diet are necessary to draw definitive conclusions. Clinical Trials Identifier NCT04205500, 2019/12/17, retrospectively registered. URL: https://register. gov . Key Points • The specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) allowed some participants to avoid planned medication escalations, indicating its potential role in managing JIA symptoms. • Most participants faced difficulties with long-term adherence to the restrictive SCD, highlighting the need for more sustainable dietary strategies. • Further studies are needed to identify specific dietary components that drive benefits and to explore underlying mechanisms for effective dietary recommendations in pediatric rheumatology.

Polymorphisms Involved in Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Inflammation: Influence of Nutrients and Dietary Interventions.

Insulin resistance (IR) is a metabolic disorder characterized by an impaired response to insulin. This condition is associated with excess adiposity and metabolic inflammation, contributing to an increased risk for related chronic diseases. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can affect genes related to metabolic pathways which are related to IR and the individual response to nutrients and dietary patterns, affecting metabolic inflammation and insulin sensitivity. This narrative review explores the current evidence on interactions between genetic variants and dietary factors, specifically their effects in modulating IR and metabolic inflammation. A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, and a total of 95 articles were reviewed. The key findings reveal that SNPs in the TCF7L2, ADIPOQ, and TNF genes significantly influence metabolic responses and modulate the effects of the Mediterranean diet on biomarkers of inflammation and IR. Genotype-dependent variations in IR and inflammation biomarkers were observed in the response to different diets for SNPs in the TCF7L2, ADIPOQ, and TNF genes. Additionally, polygenic risk scores (PRSs) can also predict the response to the intake of nutrients and specific diets, and offer a promising tool for assessing genetic predisposition to IR. This review underscores the pivotal role of an individual's genetic background in the effects of their nutrient intake and in the responses to dietetic interventions, thereby laying the foundation for personalized and effective nutritional strategies tailored to each individual's necessity in mitigating IR and its associated risk factors for chronic diseases.

The effects of resins added to the milk of children suffering from chronic kidney disease: a clinical relevance to control potassium and phosphate levels?

The effects of resins added to the milk of children suffering from chronic kidney disease: a clinical relevance to control potassium and phosphate levels?

Forecasting migraine attacks by managing daily lifestyle: a systematic review as a basis to develop predictive algorithms.

Recent studies attempting to develop forecasting models for new migraine attack onsets, overviewing triggers and protectors, are encouraging but necessitate further improvements to produce forecasting models with high predictive accuracy. This updated review of available data holds the potential to enhance the precision of predicting a migraine attack. This study aims to evaluate how lifestyle factors affect migraine frequency in adults with episodic migraine, to contribute to the development of an effective migraine forecasting model. A comprehensive search of databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Scopus, was conducted considering studies published from 2018 to December 2023, following the PRISMA guidelines. Critical evaluation was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute's appraisal tools. The lifestyle modifications examined in this review included dietary habits, physical activity, sleep, and stress management. Of the 36 studies analysed, which predominantly exhibited low to moderate bias, 18 investigated dietary habits, 7 explored physical activity, 11 assessed stress management, and 5 investigated sleep patterns. The evidence from these 36 studies advocates for the implementation of lifestyle modifications in migraine management. Furthermore, these outcomes carry valuable implications from the standpoint of migraine forecasting models. The most consistent results were observed in relation to specific diets, dietary supplements, and physical activity. Although trends were noted in stress management and sleep, further research is required to elucidate their influence on migraine frequency and their integration into a migraine forecasting model. This study is registered on PROSPERO (ID CRD42024511300).

Gut Microbiota and Its Impact on Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

There is a substantial relationship between gut microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Studies have found that there are significant changes in microbial composition between people with ASD, their unaffected siblings, and healthy controls. Though results are still unstable, bacterial species like Clostridium, Sutterella, Desulfovibrio, Lactobacillus, Bacterodies, and Faecalibacterium are more common in ASD patients. Because up to 90% of people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) experience gastrointestinal (GI) problems, it is thought that the gut-brain axis is important in the development of ASD. The gut microbiota is made up of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. It is affected by a number of variables, including nutrition, which can change the composition of the microbiota and the function of the brain through neuroendocrine and immunological pathways. Therapeutic methods that focus on the microbiome, including probiotics, microbiota transfer therapy, and specific diets, have demonstrated promise in reducing gastrointestinal and behavioral symptoms in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Despite encouraging outcomes from preclinical and observational studies, convincing clinical trials are needed to demonstrate whether or not a treatment has an effect or is effective. Additionally, the mother’s nutrition and lifestyle may heighten the risk of the child suffering from Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), which emphasizes understanding the interplay between the gut, brain, and microbiome. While there is potential for microbiome-based therapies in the treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), more research is required to grasp their full capabilities.

Understanding Ayurvedic Principles for Diabetes and Implementation of Specific Diet with Modification of Lifestyle - A Single Case Study

Understanding Ayurvedic Principles for Diabetes and Implementation of Specific Diet with Modification of Lifestyle - A Single Case Study

Usefulness of an Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring System for Risk Management of Individuals without Diabetes in Japan.

We examined whether the glucose levels and awareness of individuals without diabetes changed after using a sensor-based intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) system in their daily lives. Japanese individuals without a diabetes diagnosis wore the isCGM system while maintaining a normal lifestyle during the baseline period. A certified diabetes educator coached them on how to improve their lifestyle based on information from sensor data, food journals, and body composition. The participants subsequently consumed a specific diet, exercised for 2 months, and wore a new sensor after the intervention period. A total of 36 Japanese participants were eligible for analysis in this study. The time above range and the area under the curve did not change between before and after the intervention in overall participants. The visual analogue scale scores significantly increased from before to after the intervention in the overall participants. Stratified analysis was performed by dividing the participants into 18 control participants (glycated hemoglobin level <5.7%) and 18 participants with prediabetes (glycated hemoglobin level 5.7-6.4%). The time in range and the area under the curve significantly increased and decreased after the intervention in participants with prediabetes but not in control participants. The visual analogue scale scores significantly increased from before to after the intervention in both control and prediabetes groups individually. Lifestyle modification, along with the use of an isCGM system, is highly effective at preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus, potentially reducing the individual and public health burdens of diabetes, particularly for individuals with prediabetes.