Specific Skills Research Articles

A Study on Specialist Skill used by Legal Advisor in India

Legal advisors play a crucial role in providing specialized skills and expertise in various legal matters. Their unique skill set combines legal knowledge, analytical thinking, and problem-solving abilities to guide individuals, businesses, or organizations through complex legal processes. This abstract explores the specialized skills utilized by legal advisors and their importance in the legal field. Legal advisors possess a comprehensive understanding of the law, including statutes, regulations, and legal precedents relevant to specific areas of practice. They are adept at conducting legal research, interpreting legal documents, and analyzing case law to provide accurate and informed advice to their clients. By staying up-to-date with the latest legal developments, legal advisors ensure that their guidance aligns with current legal standards and best practices. Critical thinking and analytical skills are integral to a legal advisor's toolkit. They can effectively assess complex legal situations, identify potential risks or pitfalls, and devise strategies to mitigate them. Legal advisors excel at examining intricate details, weighing evidence, and applying legal principles to construct compelling arguments and support their clients' interests. Communication skills are paramount for legal advisors. Additionally, legal advisors are skilled in negotiation, mediation, and advocacy, enabling them to effectively represent clients in legal proceedings, draft legal documents, and engage in discussions with opposing parties

Web-Quest as a Means of Developing Flexible Skills of Future Lecturers in a Higher Educational Institution

The purpose of the study is a scientific justification and experimental verification of the effectiveness of using web-quest technology in the process of forming flexible skills of future lecturers in a higher educational institution.Rapid socio-economic development, informatization of all spheres of human activity determine the need for appropriate changes in the education system. Today, a modern lecturer requires not only basic psychological and pedagogical knowledge and skills, but also communication skills, responsibility, the ability to work in a team, resolve conflicts, and think critically and other flexible skills responsible for efficiency and high productivity, contributing to professional development and self-realization. In this regard, education in higher educational institutions should focus not only on the development of professional special skills (hard skills), but also on the formation of flexible skills (soft skills), since they are universal, updated over time and become increasingly important in the professional activity of a lecturer. There are quite a lot of technologies that contribute to the formation of flexible skills of students, one of which is the innovative technology of the web-quest, which, thanks to its unique form, content, teaching and control methods, structured information content, seems to be as effective as possible. Thus, the problem of purposeful formation of flexible skills among future lecturers, the search for the necessary mechanisms and resources for this, and the study of the potential of the web-quest determine the relevance of the research.Materials and methods: in the course of the study, methods of studying and analyzing psychological, pedagogical and methodological literature were used, summarizing the experience of using web-quests in the educational process of the university. The methodological basis of the study was a set of approaches: personality-oriented, systemic, activity-based, competence-based, interdisciplinary and reflective. Results: the author’s definitions of the concepts “flexible skills of future lecturer” and “web-quest” are presented, the flexible skills of a modern lecturer are characterized, the specifics, structure and methodology of conducting a web-quest, its impact on the purposeful formation of flexible skills are described in detail, an example of a web-quest “The essence of professional competence of a lecturer”, developed and tested in the work with students, is given of the training area 44.03.01 Pedagogical education.The practical significance of the research lies in the fact that its results, as well as the content and information resources of the proposed web-quest, can be used in the practice of higher pedagogical education.

The National German Transplantation Certification : Interdisciplinary and innovative

The interdisciplinary additional advanced training in transplantation medicine (ZWB) has been passed with the (Model) Advanced Training Regulation 2018 and is now implemented in all federal states. It includes joint interdisciplinary contents that must be mastered by all disciplines and special skills that are specific to the individual disciplines. An organ-specific training is also possible. With its interdisciplinary approach the ZWB transplantation certification is pioneering the structure of modern transplantation centers and will thus further improve the quality of treatment for patients on the waiting lists for organ transplantation and for patients with transplanted organs.

The Development of Sharing Experiences: From Dyadic Engagement to Taking Others’ Perspectives

We argue that the main difference between humans and other animals lies in humans’ unique form of sociality: their shared intentionality. Instead of conceiving of shared intentionality as a special skill humans have in addition to the skills they share with nonhuman animals (the additive account), we propose to think of shared intentionality as transforming human cognition in its entirety (the transformative account, as in the thesis of Kern and Moll). We discuss the relevance of the evolution of the human face for shared intentionality, and we argue that the development of shared intentionality proceeds in the following three steps: 1) newborns’ tendency to engage in preverbal, face-to-face dialogue, 2) 1-year-olds’ drive to jointly attend to the world with others as plural subjects, and 3) preschoolers’ appreciation of individuals’ different perspectives. The shared intentionality thesis defended here can be viewed as an extension of Lev Vygotsky’s sociocultural account of human development.

A needs analysis of ESP courses in colleges of art and design: Consensus and divergence.

This study presents a comprehensive needs analysis of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) courses in colleges of art and design in China. By examining the perspectives of undergraduate students, graduate students, art teachers, and English teachers, the research identifies consensus and divergence in ESP needs and implementation challenges. The analysis reveals a strong demand among students for specialized English learning, with a particular emphasis on receptive and interactive skills. However, there is a widespread acknowledgement of students' difficulties across ESP skills, indicating a gap between student competencies and the professional demands, thus highlighting the need for targeted educational interventions to effectively address the difficulties. Notably, reading and writing abilities emerge as the most lacking skills. While there is unanimous recognition of the positive impact of ESP on students' professional abilities and international competitiveness, a significant disparity exists in the enthusiasm for implementing ESP courses, paticularly with resistence from English teachers. The study highlights the critical challenges in ESP teaching, with teacher qualifications identified as the most prominent issue. Interestingly, English teachers attribute difficulties primarily to teaching materials, indicating a potential lack of readiness for ESP course delivery. A gap is also observed between teachers' evaluations of student abilities and students' self-assessment, especially among undergraduate freshmen, suggesting an overestimation of their English proficiency in professional contexts. The paper concludes with the implication that for effective ESP course implementation in colleges of art and design in China, targeted faculty development programs and a collaborative approach involving English teachers, art teachers, and professionals are essential. The collaboration should aim to develop materials that integrate specific professional knowledge with linguistic expertise. Additionally, a balanced approach combining general English proficiency and specialized English training is recommended to address both foundational and specialized language skills. Overall, the study underscores the need for targeted ESP courses in art and design education, tailored to bridge the gap between current proficiency levels and professional language requirements.

Challenges in recognizing and discussing changes in a resident’s condition in the palliative phase: focus group discussions with nursing staff working in nursing homes about their experiences

BackgroundMost nursing home residents have complex care needs, require palliative care and eventually die in these facilities. Timely recognition of changes in a resident’s condition is crucial for providing appropriate care. Observations by nursing staff play a significant role in identifying and interpreting these changes.MethodsFocus group discussions were conducted with nursing staff from ten nursing homes in the Netherlands to explore their experiences and challenges in recognizing and discussing changes in a resident’s condition. These discussions were analysed following the principles of thematic analysis.ResultsThe analysis of the challenges nursing staff face in identifying and interpreting changes in a resident’s condition, resulted in three themes. First, that recognizing changes is considered complex, because it requires specialized knowledge and skills that is generally not part of their education and must partly be learned in practice. This also depends on how familiar the nursing staff is with the resident. Furthermore, different people observe residents through different lenses, depending on their relation and experiences with residents. This could lead to disagreements about the resident’s condition. Lastly, organizational structures such as the resources available to document and discuss a resident’s condition and the hierarchy between nursing home professionals often hindered discussions and sharing observations.ConclusionNursing staff’s experiences highlight the complexity of recognizing and discussing changes in nursing home residents’ conditions. While supporting the observational skills of nursing staff is important, it is not enough to improve the quality of care for nursing home residents with palliative care needs. As nursing staff experiences challenges at different, interrelated levels, improving the process of recognizing and discussing changes in nursing home residents requires an integrated approach in which the organization strengthens the position of nursing staff. It is important that their observations become a valued and integrated and part of nursing home care.

A multi-method exploration of a cardiac rehabilitation service delivered by registered Clinical Exercise Physiologists in the UK: key learnings for current and new services

BackgroundCardiac rehabilitation has been identified as having the most homogenous clinical exercise service structure in the United Kingdom (UK), but inconsistencies are evident in staff roles and qualifications within and across services. The recognition of Clinical Exercise Physiologists (CEPs) as a registered health professional in 2021 in the UK, provides a potential solution to standardise the cardiac rehabilitation workforce. This case study examined, in a purposefully selected cardiac exercise service that employed registered CEPs, (i) how staff knowledge, skills and competencies contribute to the provision of the service, (ii) how these components assist in creating effective service teams, and (iii) the existing challenges from staff and patient perspectives.MethodsA multi-method qualitative approach (inc., semi-structured interviews, observations, field notes and researcher reflections) was employed with the researcher immersed for 12-weeks within the service. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used as an overarching guide for data collection. Data derived from registered CEPs (n = 5), clinical nurse specialists (n = 2), dietitians (n = 1), service managers/leads (n = 2) and patients (n = 7) were thematically analysed.ResultsRegistered CEPs delivered innovative exercise prescription based on their training, continued professional development (CPD), academic qualifications and involvement in research studies as part of the service. Exposure to a wide multidisciplinary team (MDT) allowed skill and competency transfer in areas such as clinical assessments. Developing an effective behaviour change strategy was challenging with delivery of lifestyle information more effective during less formal conversations compared to timetabled education sessions.ConclusionsRegistered CEPs have the specialist knowledge and skills to undertake and implement the latest evidence-based exercise prescription in a cardiac rehabilitation setting. An MDT service structure enables a more effective team upskilling through shared peer experiences, observations and collaborative working between healthcare professionals.

Manajemen Pengembangan Keterampilan Vokasional (Vocational Skills Development Management) Pendidikan Khusus (Studi Multi Situs Pada SLB-C Negeri Pembina dan SLB Negeri Kota Banjarbaru

This research aims to describe the management of special education vocational skills development. This research used a qualitative approach with a multi-site study design and data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The sample in this study used purposive sampling. Data sources for this research include school principals, teachers, and education staff. Data analysis using descriptive analysis begins with data condensation, data presentation, and drawing and verifying conclusions. Meanwhile, the technique for checking the validity of the data is carried out through diligent observation and triangulation. The results of the research show that vocational skills development management is implemented by fulfilling the stages of the management function, which consist of planning, including analysis of community needs, formulation of the school's vision and mission, planning appropriate learning resources, planning to improve the quality and professionalism of teachers, funding planning, field planning facilities and infrastructure and forms of special service planning; organizing includes determining the organizational structure, placement of teachers and students, determining the position of skills education, allocating facilities and infrastructure; implementation of skills education is carried out through learning strategies, the role of teachers and partnerships with DUDI; control is carried out by conducting supervision, assessing learning outcomes and the quality of education (academic and non-academic). In conclusion, the management of vocational skills development at SLB-C Negeri Pembina Banjarbaru and SLB Negeri Banjarbaru City, namely the management that has been carried out, has been implemented. Keywords: Development Management, Special Education, Vocational Skills,

Item-specific analysis of hoarseness to detect aspiration after cardiac surgery: an exploratory study of adopting an iPhone application "GRBASZero".

Evaluating hoarseness after cardiac surgery could be crucial to detecting decreased swallowing function. However, objectively detecting hoarseness has been difficult in daily clinical practice of cardiovascular domains, because it is only performed by skilled voice treatment specialists. Recently, some evaluating methods of hoarseness using artificial intelligence with its recent development have been reported. This exploratory study aimed to investigate the GRBAS (Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain) scale items using an iPhone application "GRBASZero" for detecting aspiration following cardiac surgery.

ScSNViz: a user-friendly toolset for visualization and analysis of Cell-Specific Expressed SNVs.

Understanding genetic variation at the single-cell level is crucial for insights into cellular heterogeneity, clonal evolution, and gene expression regulation, but there is a scarcity of tools for visualizing and analyzing cell-level genetic variants. We introduce scSNViz, a comprehensive R-based toolset for visualization and analysis of cell-specific expressed Single Nucleotide Variants (sceSNVs) within cell-barcoded single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data. ScSNViz offers 3D sceSNV visualization capabilities for dimensionally reduced scRNA-seq gene expression data, compatibility with popular scRNA-seq processing tools like Seurat, cell-type classification tools such as SingleR and scType, and trajectory inference computation using Slingshot. Furthermore, scSNViz conducts estimation, summary, and graphical representation of statistical metrics pertaining to sceSNVs distribution and expression across individual cells. It also provides support for the analysis of individual sceSNVs as well as sets comprising multiple expressed sceSNVs of interest. ScSNViz is implemented as user-friendly R-scripts, freely available on https://horvathlab.github.io/NGS/scSNViz , supported by help utilities, and requiring no specialized bioinformatics skills for use.

Examining how early experiences in oncology settings influence nurses' career decisions.

The transition from nursing student to newly registered nurse is a complex process, and subsequent recruitment to cancer nursing posts can be challenging. This article details a service evaluation that aimed to describe the experiences of nursing students on placement and newly registered nurses or nursing associates working in a specialist cancer centre, and how these experiences might influence their future career aspirations. To gather data, the authors undertook a focus group with nursing students ( n= 8) and interviewed newly registered nurses or nursing associates ( n= 19). The data revealed four themes: navigating the nursing student experience; motivation to work in oncology; transition to staff nurse; and looking ahead. The service evaluation identified that education providers often lack awareness of cancer-specific content and career pathways. It also found that some aspects of cancer care, such as gaining specialist skills in systemic anticancer therapy, require particular attention since they were often anxiety-provoking for newly registered nurses.

Analysis of Quantum Physics Lectures from the Perspective of the MBKM and OBE Based Higher Education Curriculum

Lecture analysis in the core courses of the study program contributes to the evaluation of the curriculum used. This field study was carried out to analyze Quantum Physics lectures from the perspective of a university curriculum based on Independent Learning Campus (MBKM) and Outcome-Based Education (OBE). Data collection techniques were carried out through observing the implementation of learning in the Quantum Physics course, interviews with lecturers teaching quantum physics courses, and reviewing curriculum tools in the form of curriculum books, semester lecture plans (RPS), and assessment documents. The instruments used refer to content standards, process standards and learning assessment standards listed in Permendikbud Number 3 of 2020, Permendikbudristek Number 56 of 2022, and Permendikbudristek Number 53 of 2023. The participants involved in this research were a lecturer and 29 students of the undergraduate physics education study program at one of the universities in Garut Regency. The lecturer in question is a lecturer who teaches quantum physics courses, while the students in question are final year students who are taking quantum physics courses in the odd semester of the 2023/2024 academic year. Data collection was carried out over the period October – November 2024. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively using a data triangulation approach. The results of data analysis show that in the Bachelor of Physics Education curriculum, the Quantum Physics course is in the group of upper-level compulsory courses with physics concept study material. From an MBKM perspective, this course can be converted to Program Pertukaran Mahasiswa (PMM) and Program Magang dan Studi Independen Bersertifikat (MSIB), but cannot be converted to the Teaching Campus Program. Conversion to the PMM program is carried out by taking courses in other study programs that have course learning outcomes that are related to quantum physics. Conversions to the MSIB program are carried out at companies or agencies related to the application of quantum physics concepts. From an OBE perspective, this course contributes to graduate learning outcomes in Specific Skills and supports the graduate's profile as a Physics Teacher. The special skill in question is being able to apply mathematical models in explaining physical phenomena in learning.

Treatments using elements of Kobido massage for anti-ageing prevention and relaxation

The growing emphasis on maintaining a youthful appearance is driven by increased public awareness of the importance of good health and an attractive appearance, which going hand in hand with social development. Kobido massage is a suggested technique for enhancing the look and state of facial skin, serving as a non-surgical alternative to a facelift. The procedure employs specific manual techniques executed by a skilled specialist. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of selected elements of kobido massage on improving the appearance of the skin, relaxing facial muscles, reducing their tension and improving blood and lymph circulation in the head area. The study included a group of 27 women who received 10 of the same treatments. The most frequently observed effects of the sequence of procedures were a reduction in tension and smoothing of facial skin folds, as well as a change in facial contour. The obtained results were consistent with the expectations of the majority of the participants. Kobido massage can be an effective method of improving the appearance of facial skin and may be a safe alternative to surgical lifting.

Specific features of forming the socio-economic development strategy of a modern enterprise

Methods. During the research, the following methods of scientific research were used: abstraction – when determining the essence of the socio-economic development of an enterprise; comparison – when comparing the factors of economic and social development of an enterprise; systems approach – when forming the principles of the socio-economic business development model; logic – when developing an algorithm for implementing the main elements of the model into the strategy of socio-economic development of modern enterprises. Results. The essence of the socio-economic development of an enterprise is characterized. It has been demonstrated that in order to ensure the effective operation of any enterprise, the process of developing a strategy for its socio-economic development, which combines economic and social components, is important. Such a combination allows the enterprise to achieve higher competitiveness, which is formed due to both material factors (cost reduction, profit maximization) and the influence of intangible components - reputation, customer loyalty, trust. The desire of the management of a vast majority of Ukrainian enterprises to plan their activities in order to avoid risks and threats from the external environment, as well as the formation of adaptive business stability, has been revealed. The work shows the limitations of such an approach and actualizes attention to the importance of improving the level of qualification (special knowledge, skills and abilities) of the management personnel of an organization, directly responsible for the strategic direction of its functioning and development. Novelty. The principles of building a model of socio-economic development of business are singled out and an algorithm for implementing its main elements into the strategy of socioeconomic development of modern enterprises is proposed. Practical value. The principles of building a model of socio-economic development of business are pointed out: the economic situation of an enterprise, the level of its social development, innovativeness; the number of employees who have undergone advanced training; the rate of growth (or decrease) in the volume of product sales; profitability (loss) dynamics; implementation of the principles of corporate social responsibility; a set of alternatives for the parallel implementation of strategies for economic and social development of the enterprise; the goals for improving the socio-economic development of the enterprise are defined; criteria for choosing the best solution are established; the usefulness (efficiency) of the implementation of possible alternatives will allow enterprises to have reliable guidelines in their activities and to develop effective strategies for the future.

Security testing as part of a digital assurance toolkit

The role of IT audit and other digital assurance functions is to provide comfort to stakeholders regarding risks and the controls that have been implemented by management to safeguard an organisation. This paper discusses the misalignment between digital assurance activities and security testing. When performing security testing from an assurance perspective, it is common for the discussion with management to focus on the number of findings, not necessarily the impact. From a security testing perspective, a single finding could result in a business compromise, or multiple low findings could be chained together to result in a more significant business impact. Citing example findings across multiple sectors and geographic locations, the paper details what security testing results often look like, related challenges in an assurance context, the difference between security testing and other assurance activities, how to get management buy-in, and key recommendations on how best to use security testing as part of a digital assurance toolkit, with the caveat that scarce specialist skills are required.

Beyond the dyad: Broadening the APA supervision guidelines to include group supervision.

Group supervision is an extensively used format across many training agencies, yet it has been largely disregarded in theory and research within the supervision literature. In fact, the Guidelines for Clinical Supervision in Health Service Psychology (American Psychological Association, 2015a) mentions group supervision only one time, despite the fact that supervision within a group context includes competencies and considerations that are both unique and essential to the effective and ethical practice of group supervision. Because supervision conducted with multiple supervisees is multilayered and-as a result-more complex, group supervisors need to develop special skills that go beyond the supervision dyad. This article looks to the literature on supervision-both individual and group modalities-and on group psychotherapy to highlight the practices and processes that set group supervision apart. Building upon the seven supervision competencies outlined by the American Psychological Association (Supervisor Competence; Diversity; Supervisory Relationship; Professionalism; Assessment/Evaluation/Feedback; Professional Competence Problems; and Ethical, Legal and Regulatory Considerations), which currently concentrate exclusively on individual supervision, we extend each area to include distinct features of group supervision. We include recommendations for supervisor training and for the application of effective group supervision practices, as well as ideas on how best to approach the formal adoption of group supervision guidelines for psychotherapists. Our hope is that, either in a revision of the Guidelines for Clinical Supervision in Health Service Psychology or in a freestanding supplement to the Guidelines, guidance for group supervision will be more explicitly included. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Study Regarding the Fitness of the Students Enrolled in the Physical and Sportive Education and Physical Therapy and Special Motor Skills Academic Programs, in the Context of Future Professions

Study Regarding the Fitness of the Students Enrolled in the Physical and Sportive Education and Physical Therapy and Special Motor Skills Academic Programs, in the Context of Future Professions

NATIONAL CUISINE IS AN INTEGRAL PART OF UKRAINIAN CULTURE

Food is one of the most necessary conditions for our existence. Since childhood, a person gets used to certain products, dishes from them, forms his own tastes, prepares his favorite dishes, which must contain properly balanced proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and the necessary vitamin complex. Ukrainian cuisine has a certain set of relevant ingredients that contribute to our healthy existence. And the transition to a different set of products requires a certain adjustment, getting used to, adjustment., the climate of the location. Each people, each nation has its own usual, daily food set, related to the history and culture of the population. The Ukrainian nation, which for centuries was under the oppression of various states, absorbed into its culture and food preferences elements of the life and existence of other peoples, which remained in the culinary tastes of certain territorial and local communities. National tastes were formed on the basis of regional, local dishes, which became part of the everyday life of Ukrainians and expressed the special skill of cooking in one or another territory of Ukraine. Many foreigners come to Ukraine every year for various purposes: tourist trips, study, work, temporary stay, and by learning the language of our region, they get to know its culture, lifestyle, and food. Working with foreign students, we introduce them to Ukrainian dishes and drinks, talk about everyday and national food holidays, conduct dialogues with them, comparing the common and distinctive features of national cuisines. Recipes of Ukrainian culinary dishes can be found in cookbooks published at different times, starting from the beginning of the 20th century. and to this day, both in Ukraine and abroad, and in our time republished by culinary enthusiasts. Acquaintance with such publications, a brief description of books with recipes for cooking national food is carried out in this publication. 93 editions were developed. Key words: Ukrainian language as a foreign language, linguistic and regional studies, publication of books on Ukrainian national cuisine, their authors, chronology and location of publications, special vocabulary by origin.

"It's really important work…and celebrating that, I think, is really important" - co-produced qualitative research into future of mental health nurse education.

The education of mental health nurses has long remained a contentious topic in the UK and internationally. This research seeks to gather the perspectives of those directly affected by mental health nurse education. To investigate what knowledge, skills and values current mental health nursing students, graduate mental health nurses and people with lived experience of accessing mental health services believe should be paramount within pre-registration education. Data was gathered through focus groups involving a mix of pre- and post-qualified mental health nurses and people with lived experience of accessing mental health services. Data was collected through audio recordings, which were transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis. The analysis generated four themes of: (i) Values and ethics-based education, (ii) Self-awareness, (iii) Understanding and therapeutically being with others and (iv) Specialism versus Genericism. The findings speak to the special nature of mental health nursing and the need for students to develop specialist mental health knowledge and skills, alongside self-knowledge. The findings provide a unique insight into the aspects of pre-registration nursing felt to be most valuable by the three participant groups in this study. The findings reiterate the importance nurse education celebrating the specialism of mental health nursing and adds to the growing weight of literature for increased specialism with future education standard reviews.

Developing a generalizable pediatric ECMO emergency checklist for clinical specialist: Progress and challenges.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) emergencies require skilled clinical specialist (CS) who manage ECMO circuits. While tools for assessing CS skills have been published, there is significant variation in protocols and circuit design. This study aims to further develop these checklists to produce a generalizable ECMO skill assessment with adequate validity evidence to support its use as a summative evaluation tool. An initial survey determined variation in ECMO circuit components and configurations, and the original checklists and simulations were altered through a modified Delphi process. The finalized checklist and simulation were then assessed for validity and reliability. Three trained raters assessed ten simulations from five subjects at two different institutions using two circuit designs. Data analysis was conducted using a fully crossed subject x rater x circuit generalizability (G) and decision (D) study. The G-study coefficient was 0 with 0% variance across subject and circuit. The greatest variance was among raters (28.7%). Significant variance was also associated with the subject and pump type relationship (27%). Despite the rigorous process used to modify the assessment, generalizability was poor. Lack of familiarity with center-specific circuit design played a key role. Future endeavors in ECMO skill assessment should focus either on developing and validating site-specific tools or standardizing circuit designs.