Both domination and sabotage are ubiquitous in Amazonia as part of dialectical formations of the state, oil companies, and territorial and ecological defense movements. This article examines one stream of political response to state-capitalist domination in the West Amazonian forests of Yasuní: direct-action movements that bring together Indigenous and anarchist politics through expression of sabotage. Grounded in Indigenous and anarchist theories, ethnographic research, and a novel spatial history of oil infrastructure sabotage, I consider how a century-long history of resistance has changed from armed confrontation to more non-violent social movement struggles that at times includes sabotage of logging and oil operations. I find that over the last three decades there were more than fifteen sabotage actions as part of territorial and ecological defense in the Ecuador's Amazonian oil fields. Saboteurs damaged machines and infrastructures within landscapes of toxicity and violence where politicians and activists face assassination, imprisonment, and other forms of state repression. I find in these direct-actions of disruption of capitalist infrastructure a negative power, or potenza , of dismantling existing structures of domination that create space for alternative life-worlds. As the manifestation of this power of refusal, sabotage represents one element in an improvisational mix of repertoires of struggle that may, despite intense repression, be more effective in challenging the infrastructural foundations of contemporary state-capitalist power than the protagonists of this domination typically acknowledge. I consider how sabotage in this stream of struggle is an expression of the defense of human and other-than-human life that ameliorates divisions between territorial and environmental defense. In doing, these politics overturn dominate conceptions of violence, revealing sabotage here to be a disarming of both infrastructures of oil exploitation and state and corporate domination.

ABSTRACT This article advances Latinx education scholarship by centering Black geographic thought to reconsider how space, race, and identity intersect. While scholarship has moved beyond deficit framings, it often treats space as neutral or isolates Latinx experiences from Black spatial histories and antiblack logics. Drawing on 18 months of ethnography in Greenside (pseudonym), a predominantly Black Southern city experiencing rapid Latinx migration, I use a reading/counter-reading approach to analyze classroom and neighborhood encounters across two middle schools. Three insights emerge: (1) Black placemaking profoundly shapes where Latinx identities form; (2) schools, as sites of both enclosure and resistance, are entangled in broader Black geographies that shape emerging Latinidades; and (3) Black refusals shape and can reconfigure Latinidades toward more expansive forms that resist antiblackness. Centering Black geographies reframes Latinidad as relational and unruly, foregrounding youth as theorists of entwined Black and Latinx educational futures.

Background. The propensity of Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus) to invade normally sterile sites and cause invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) disease varies across strains, which are classified using the emm gene. Between 2015 and 2017, multistate iGAS surveillance identified an ~150-fold increase of one particular emm type, emm49. This genomic epidemiological analysis aimed to identify bacterial, patient and societal factors associated with this expansion.Methods. We analysed 1322 emm49 iGAS cases and the genome sequences of the clinical isolates acquired through the population-based Active Bacterial Core surveillance during 2015-2022. For each invasive case, we received both a cultured isolate and a standardized case report form that included basic demographic attributes and risk factors of infection. A phylogeographic analysis was performed to reconstruct the divergence times and spatial dispersal history within our emm49 collection.Results. Compared to other emm types, emm49 cases were more common in males (63.5% vs. 58.3%, P=0.0143), in people experiencing homelessness (34.0% vs. 17.5%, P<0.0001) and in people who inject drugs (23.7% vs. 13.1%, P<0.0001). Time-scaled phylogeographic analysis estimated that the most recent common ancestor of the post-2015 expansion isolates occurred around 2004 and that emm49 emerged in the western USA.Conclusion. Our findings suggest that the current nationwide outbreak may have originated from the introduction of emm49 into disadvantaged (homeless and/or injecting drug users) adult subpopulations. This study underscores how social marginalization and broader social determinants of health can shape iGAS strain epidemiology in the USA.

This article examines Denmark’s 2018 public housing policies, arguing they function as a mechanism for managing Muslim communities in public housing estates. It analyses these policies based on a theoretical framework of coloniality and the framing of Muslims as threats to Danish social cohesion. The article then shifts focus to the experiences of racialised residents in targeted housing estates, drawing on ethnographic data from Copenhagen, Aarhus and Odense. These residents highlight the significance of community care, intergenerational ties, and informal support networks. The article demonstrates how the ghetto policies reflect a coloniality enacted through racial governance, aiming to banish and erase Muslim communities from their neighbourhoods. By introducing the concepts of coloniality and racial banishment, the article argues that Denmark’s housing policies serve as tools of social and spatial control, used to manage its Muslim population, erase their spatial history, and dismantle community life.

This article traces the spatial history of the Ulysses S. Grant Houses and Columbia University’s planning projects in Morningside Heights, New York City. In 2020, Grant Houses recorded one of the highest COVID-19 death rates in public housing in the city. The paper focuses on two key moments: mid-century urban renewal and Columbia’s twenty-first-century Manhattanville expansion. It examines how Columbia has used planning tools, health discourses, and policing to secure land and displace or contain neighboring Black communities. Drawing on archival materials, the article introduces the concept of the split city to describe a form of racialized urbanism shaped not by complete separation but by selective and conditional inclusion. The split city is not a stable or totalizing formation. It is shaped by ongoing struggle, as residents have continually resisted erasure and asserted their right to the spaces and futures of Morningside Heights.

Climate change is an inherently human-made phenomenon that shapes the mobilities of species and things who, in turn, influence the ways climate change is experienced by humans. These multifaceted climate mobilities are grounded in the spatial histories of imperialism and settler-colonialism, and the legacies of socio-cultural injustice inflicted upon the Global South. Central to climate mobilities is climate change resettlement, which, because it is often informed by colonial cultures of modernity and capitalism, tends to exacerbate environmental change and collapse. Spatial forms of climate change resettlement and related urban and architectural forms of inhabitation, as this special issue highlights, are rooted in the cultural crisis of coloniality, legitimised among colonial powers and local populations in the Global South. An examination of the cultural dynamics and related politics of power embedded in urban and architectural discourses, we argue, is key in understanding and unlearning past and current (neo)colonial approaches to climate change. This introduction to the special issue argues that, by investigating climate resettlement in its broader definition and practices—within the historical complexities of ecological and national coloniality and warfare—enables a more thoughtful engagement with sustainable climate inhabitation. In order to surpass the limitations of coloniality and its entangled cultural-climatic relations with modernity, the articles of this special issue offer new frameworks to spatially examine colonial pasts and imagine situated, yet radically alternative approaches for the future. A broad temporal lens, we argue, is necessary as we face environmental upheaval and learn to cope with the destructive impacts of climate change in the Global South and beyond.

This article addresses the use of a Geographic Information System (GIS) for the study of an Ottoman road network at a local scale, over the long term. Taking Bosnia between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries as a case study, I aim to shed light on a little examined context that is lacking the monumental material remains that usually guide the study of historical Islamic road systems. I adopt a spatial history methodology by following a regressive approach as well as cross-referencing late nineteenth-century maps and earlier travel narratives to visualize several scenarios for the Bosnian road network during the Ottoman period. Following a brief discussion of GIS potentialities and prerequisites, this article turns to the selection of the han (caravanserai) as is its focus and offers a step-by-step description of the approach that was used.

This paper presents the stories of three Asian elephants — Arikomban, Kalloor Komban, and Soorya—who live in a landscape of conflict, coexistence, survival, and captivity in the Western Ghats of South India. The stories of the three elephants give insights into what it means to “become” an elephant in different anthropogenic settings: in a mosaic forest landscape, in captivity at the elephant camp, and as a trained kumki (working) elephant who serves the forest department fighting against his conspecifics and mitigating so-called Human-Elephant Conflict (HEC). Our paper engages with what we call “relational personalities”, the individual and personal characteristics of elephants acquired throughout their life in contact and in close relationship to people. The article aims to acknowledge the personal histories of elephants in interaction with people and the knowledge and skills they have developed to survive in a mosaic forest landscape. Elephants have changed as individuals and as a species in the Anthropocene, and they endure hardships and violence when living close to people. Living near people and in human lifeworlds as well as among other elephants in a dynamic environment has shaped their habits, ways of being, and emotions — what they love, desire, dislike, fear, feel angry or joyful about. Arikomban, Kalloor Komban, and Soorya teach us that in order to better understand contemporary elephants, and facilitate their survival in non-captive settings, we need to recognize them as individuals with personalities situated in spatial and temporal history, politics, and trauma. Although shaped by interactions with people, elephants actively create their lifeworlds and respond to their environments and human contact in a variety of ways.

ABSTRACT The courtyard, by definition, is a space enclosed by a building and open to the sky. Earlier studies have documented the history of the courtyard and its significance in the context of traditional Indian architectural styles, but the reading of the “space” within a culturally and architecturally eclectic city, such as Calcutta, has remained largely overlooked. This research addresses this gap by employing a diachronic cultural–historical method to analyze the transformation of Calcutta’s courtyards from colonial to postcolonial times. Using Lefebvre’s spatial theory, literary analyses, archival research, and architectural history, this study demonstrates that Calcutta’s courtyards historically operated as a microcosm of the city’s use of everyday spaces. This analysis reveals three critical findings: first, colonial era courtyards served as sites of class negotiation and display of social hierarchy. It was also a space where the elite Bengali families performed their cultural identity through festivities that temporarily dissolved spatial boundaries. Second, the spatial history of the courtyard reflected the changing social aspirations and European influence on Bengali domestic practices in colonial Calcutta. Third, the study examines how the Calcutta courtyard is transformed by reoriented post-independence spatial practices. It also assesses how contemporary urbanization threatens its existence, relegating it to memory and nostalgia, representing a vanishing heritage that embodied the microhistory of Calcutta’s urban environment. This study recommends an active role for private and public players in restoring and facilitating the adaptive reuse of existing courtyards as an essential path for preserving Calcutta’s courtyards.

Spatial Histories of the South American Borderlands

In the Malay World: A Spatial History of Bengali Transnational Community by Gazi Mizanur Rahman (review)

ABSTRACT From the rise of China and the relative decline of the United States to regional instabilities throughout Eurasia, we are living in a geopolitically dynamic time. Despite the relative neglect of international relations as an influence on domestic political behavior, geopolitics can play a critical role in domestic politics and citizens’ societal engagement. This is likely pronounced in Australia as a middle power in a geopolitically uncertain and dynamic environment. Using the lens of utopian thinking, the present research investigates ordinary Australians’ utopian visions of geopolitical, economic, and social institutions, and their role in domestic political behaviors and societal engagement. Across two studies, we find that a newly developed measure of the Utopian Institutions Scale can capture utopian institutions in terms of geopolitical, economic, and social conservatism or progressivism and that these visions differentiate supporters of different political parties in Australia and predict motivations to engage in political processes. Nevertheless, a nationally representative sample in Australia showed a general tendency to endorse a geopolitically progressive vision of a Multilateral world order and to reject a geopolitically conservative vision of a Hegemonic world order. The finding is interpreted in terms of Australia's geopolitical location in its spatial geography, temporal history, and economic and cultural relationships.

Context. The outer Solar System is believed to host a vast reservoir of long-period comets (LPCs), but our understanding of their spatial distribution and dynamical history remains limited due to observational biases and uncertainties in orbital solutions for really observed comets. Aims. We aim to provide a comprehensive and dynamically homogeneous orbital database of LPCs to support the study of their origin, evolution, dynamical status, and 6D distribution of orbital elements. Methods. We updated the Catalogue of Cometary Orbits and their Dynamical Evolution (CODE) by computing original and future barycentric orbits and orbital parameters at previous and next perihelion using full Monte Carlo swarms of real comets for the uncertainty estimation and taking into account the planetary, Galactic, and passing stars’ perturbations according to the latest data and algorithms. Results. This update of the CODE focuses on the dynamical status of near-parabolic comets. Using current stellar data, we formulated new constraints for dynamically new comets. Today, the CODE database includes 983 orbital solutions for 369 comets with full uncertainty estimates and dynamical classifications, covering nearly all comets with original semi-major axes exceeding 10 000 au and discovered before 2022, as well as all LPCs discovered beyond 10 au from the Sun during this period, and over 80% of the known LPCs with perihelion distances beyond 7 au.

Abstract Understanding the factors that influence the spatial and temporal rupture history of large subduction earthquakes is essential for seismic hazard assessment. In this study, we focus on one candidate: the interaction between neighboring asperities of different sizes and normal loads. We use scaled seismotectonic models to generate multi‐cycle records of analog earthquakes. We quantify the coefficient of variation CoV of the recurrence time Rt at different points along the strike of the model. The lateral continuity of CoV measurements reveals agreement between analog earthquake periodicity and frictional segmentation. We observe quasi‐periodic recurrence as well as various types of supercycles, including rupture cascades, clustered ruptures, and multi‐asperity events, similar to observed behavior in subduction zones. Under certain experimental conditions, the behavior of our models shows similarity to observations in south‐central Chile, where variations in normal stress, potentially detectable through gravity anomalies, can provide a basis for seismic segmentation and hazard assessment.

Spatial patterns of genetic relatedness among samples reflect the past movements of their ancestors. Our ability to untangle this history has the potential to improve dramatically given that we can now infer the ultimate description of genetic relatedness, the ancestral recombination graph. By extending spatial theory previously applied to trees, we generalize the common model of the Brownian motion to full ancestral recombination graphs, thereby accounting for correlations in trees along a chromosome while efficiently computing likelihood-based estimates of dispersal rate and genetic ancestor locations, with associated uncertainties. We evaluate this model’s ability to reconstruct spatial histories using individual-based simulations and unfortunately find a clear bias in the estimates of dispersal rate and ancestor locations. We investigate the causes of this bias, pinpointing a discrepancy between the model and the true spatial process at recombination events. This highlights a key hurdle in extending the ubiquitous and analytically-tractable model of Brownian motion from trees to ancestral recombination graphs, which otherwise has the potential to provide an efficient method for spatial inference, with uncertainties, using all the information available in the full ancestral recombination graph.

Historical ocean disposal of industrial DDT (dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane) waste off Southern California is implicated in extensive ecological impacts extending well beyond this region, but details around disposal, transport, and fate are poorly characterized for deep ocean settings such as this. Here, we present results from an 814 km2 survey of a primary disposal area, San Pedro Basin, by mapping the spatial distribution and depositional history of DDT and its immediate daughter products DDD (dichloro-diphenyl-dichloroethane) and DDE (dichloro-diphenyl-dichloroethylene). We find highly elevated concentrations for all three compounds throughout the study area, with "hotspots" from primary deposition and secondary migration processes. The majority of DDT and DDD is buried within a thin sediment layer consistent with peak deposition in the 1950s, whereas substantial amounts of DDE still linger in overlying sediments with an apparent contribution from the Palos Verdes Shelf. We characterize intense spatial variability across distance scales and develop an approach to address the resulting uncertainty toward estimating a total modern burden of ∼30-36 tonnes (DDT, DDD and DDE) in this area. These results are foundational for informing DDT's deep-sea transport and transformation processes and for defining the linkage of offshore disposal to current ecological problems in this region and beyond.

This paper promotes a value shift in architectural education – from tabula rasa design toward reimagining inherited spaces as resources for future transformation. Spa settlements are framed as living pedagogical contexts for anti-extractive, regenerative approaches to the built environment. The study is situated within the SPATTERN project, which advocates an educational shift placing existing spa settlements at the core of integrating spatial history, environmental systems, and socio-cultural dynamics. The paper reflects on five studio-based curricula at the University of Belgrade, Faculty of Architecture, engaging spa settlements – often in fragile ecosystems – as bases for developing no-demolish pedagogies. These challenge extractive logics and promote care-based spatial futures. The curricula range from undergraduate studios on adaptive transformation of urban heritage through critical mapping and scenario design (1) to master-level studios exploring spa heritage reprogramming (2), hybrid naturalities, and multisensory well-being. Students were encouraged to work with, not against, inherited spatial fabrics – treating heritage as dynamic and shaped by environmental, social, and experiential forces. Through methods like site diagnostics, speculative programming, behavioral mapping, and environmental storytelling, these frameworks redefine the value of the already-built and propose new typologies rooted in care, circularity, and climate sensitivity. Spa settlements, with layered materiality, health infrastructure, and entwined histories of landscape and architecture, offer fertile ground for pedagogical innovation. These studios promote a future-facing view of heritage aligned with education grounded in place, history, and speculative imagination. 1. Djokić, Vladan, Milica Milojević, and Mladen Pešić.2021. “Design Studio 06U.” In Review: Best Practices in Educating Sustainability and Heritage, 174–179. Belgrade: University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture.2. Ristić Trajković, Jelena, Aleksandra Milovanović, and Ana Nikezić. 2021. “Reprogramming Modernist Heritage: Enhancing Social Wellbeing by Value-Based Programming Approach in Architectural Design.” Sustainability 13 (19): 11111. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131911111.

Influencing factors for the spatial distribution and deposition history of microplastics in the sediments of Chaohu Lake, China.

The visual poem Fantastic Map #1 explores the failure of Closer Settlement in the Riverina region where Oswin grew up. Oswin's work explores the spatial history of the region and the phrase "Tilt Country" is used to refer to this same inland delta area of the Riverine Plain.

Abstract This article analyzes the 1860s lawsuits against streetcar corporations in San Francisco by Black people who had been denied passage and physically removed from streetcars. By focusing on 1860s San Francisco, the article uses methods of transit, spatial, and legal history to analyze not only a distinct historical moment when streetcar corporations became vehicles for citizenship rights for Black people, but also a moment when the same lawsuits facilitated a struggle for spatial mobility and belonging across the city. As the Civil War raged, Black San Franciscans, working with White lawyers, highlighted the streetcar’s legal status as a “common carrier” that was supposed to be accessible to anyone seeking a ride. Verdicts from the lawsuits improved accessibility for Black passengers. An emerging order of White supremacy could be attacked in state court and weakened, in part because San Francisco did not have a clear racial order, and in part because the city’s multi-racial, multi-national, and cross-class politics created space for lawsuits.