DiffMLP: A diffusion-based multi-hop link prediction framework in knowledge graphs.

ABSTRACT In the academic community, there is a concern about the effect of neighborhood outdoor spatial design on the social interaction of older adults. However, little attention has been paid to exploring the way of enhancing the mobility and social interaction of older adults through targeted and selective renewal of the neighborhood outdoor space, especially barrier-free environment. To fill this research gap, a case study was conducted in this paper by evaluating seven apartment complexes in two old neighborhood clusters in Tianjin, China. Through the interviews and participatory observation conducted with 215 older adults, data on their travel time, travel routes, travel companions, and social contacts were collected. Then, correlations were established between older adults’ social interactions and spatial factors, including their perceptions of barrier-free environment. As revealed by this study, the indicators such as the combination rate of tables and chairs and the evaluation of barrier-free facilities have a significant positive impact on the number of older people engaging in outdoor social interaction, while the proportion of green space exerts a negative effect. Community interactions may be effectively enhanced by focusing on spatial structure improvement, barrier-free design of the important locations as well as other aspects of neighborhood spaces.

Physiological systems show nonlinear deterministic behavior influenced by dynamical stochastic components, also known as physiological noise. Those components may bias deterministic system modeling and characterization. This study presents a model-free physiological denoising method for biomedical signals, such as heart rate variability (HRV) series, specifically focusing on the reduction of dynamical noise. The proposed method employs state-space reconstruction and time-reversing one-step forecasting, selecting optimal values within a neighborhood in the multidimensional space. The neighborhood size is determined as proportional to the physiological noise power. Synthetic time series analysis validate the correctness of the proposed method. Real HRV series from healthy subjects, patients with congestive heart failure, and those with atrial fibrillation were denoised, and unbiased complexity analysis was then performed. Physiological denoising performance was evaluated using root mean square error and median absolute deviation statistics. Synthetic data analysis on canonical nonlinear maps demonstrated that the proposed method outperforms existing techniques in dynamical noise reduction. For HRV series, the proposed method effectively reduced physiological noise while preserving signal characteristics such as mean. While Sample Entropy analysis on original HRV series associated atrial fibrillation with the highest irregularity, unbiased analysis on denoised series revealed that healthy individuals actually exhibit the highest cardiac complexity. The proposed method effectively performs physiological denoising in biomedical signals, providing a reliable tool for unbiased analyses. This method enhances the understanding of underlying physiological dynamics that are intrinsically influenced by stochastic components.

A Collective Micro Food Farming: Maximizing the Limited Space of Urban Neighborhood

Abstract Access to local banking represents an understudied dimension of neighborhood-based inequalities that could significantly influence older adults’ perceptions of their neighborhood spaces in ways that matter for disparities in well-being. Building on a 2024 publication by the authors, we evaluate disparities in banking access and then examine how local banking access informs older adults’ perceptions of their neighborhood, which hold important implications for well-being. We use nationally representative data from older adults in the United States who were interviewed at Round 3 of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project, linked with data on banks establishments in respondents’ residential and surrounding census tracts from the National Establishment Time Series database, in a series of regression analyses. White older adults have significantly higher rates of banks in their local areas compared with Black and Hispanic older adults, and older adults with higher levels of education have significantly greater local banking access than those with less education. Higher rates of local banking institutions are associated with significantly lower perceptions of neighborhood danger, but not with perceived collective efficacy. This finding emerges when accounting for neighborhood concentrated disadvantage and physical disorder. Local banks may represent neighborhood investment and the broader economic vitality of a community, as well as the ability of communities to meet older adults’ everyday needs in ways that enhance older residents’ feelings of safety. Increasing access to local financial institutions may help attenuate neighborhood-based contributors to inequalities in health and well-being among the aging population.

From concept to action: active mobility cards for collective spaces in block-system urban neighborhoods

Abstract Motivation for older adults with cancer (OAC) to engage in physical activity (PA) during and after cancer treatment may be limited by many factors. OAC may be affected by persistent symptoms limiting PA capability such as fatigue, pain and dyspnea, or lack safe home or neighborhood spaces to engage in activity. Fear of falling (FOF) is a major concern among OAC and may decrease PA and life-space mobility. To understand how OAC perceptions of cancer treatment, FOF and their local built environment (BE) influence PA behaviors, we utilized ResearchMatch.org to recruit a sample of 19 people with a history of cancer aged 65+ who were diverse in self-identified race, ethnicity, gender and sexual orientation. We developed an interview guide using Michie’s COM-B model (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation – Behavior) and conducted semi-structured interviews ranging from 24 to 60 minutes. Thematic Content Analysis was conducted by two investigators in NVivo v14. Critical themes included 1) regaining past PA levels vs. adjusting to new limitations; 2) high FOF levels may limit PA selection, regardless of fall history; 3) avoiding socialization and PA in public due to post-surgical changes in appearance; 4) home and local neighborhood layout impact opportunity to access safe spaces for PA and 5) desire to receive customized PA and health promotion education near end of treatment instead of while overwhelmed near diagnosis. Factors influencing motivation for PA in OAC are complex; clinicians should assess FOF and local BE to better customize PA recommendations that address these concerns and limitations.

One of the most neglected and abandoned areas of design are related to neighbourhood spaces. These are public or semi-private places in the immediate surroundings of our apartment. Recently appreciated large-panel construction estates, so-called urban bedrooms, are appraised mostly for spaces in between buildings: their spatial assumptions, scale, greenery, and internal pedestrian communication. Contemporary housing tends to forget about this space, which results in the lack of neighbourhood relations. This subject and its significance is being rediscovered not only in Poland. Across Europe, we observe a turn in shaping public space to the local scale, closest to places of residence. Here, we can recall the last Oslo Architecture Triennale in 2022, entirely dedicated to the role and importance of neighbourhood. The whole program of this event was built around the slogan “Mission Neighbourhood”. The eight edition of this triennale turned into a month-long cycle of meetings around the pursuit of the best ways of shaping neighbourhood by means of design, architectural, and urban planning operations. Also the idea of a 15-minute city has enjoyed a great success, because it refers mostly to developing, and sometimes restoring and returning spaces in close proximity from home. Keywords: public space design, pocket parks, neighbourhood spaces, urban strategies, public spaces

Humid heat's nonlinear impact on school-age children' sleep health: Evidence from Guangdong, China.

In recent years, many cities in Vietnam have continuously proposed and implemented "model streets" as an effort to improve urban condition. However, most of the proposed projects are based on the technical and aesthestic aspects of streets without properly assessing the value of sidewalks in Vietnamese context. This article focuses on studying the activities of sidewalk spaces in a well-developed neighborhood through the case of mix-used residential zone in Phu My Hung urban area, District 7, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The research is conducted in the perspective of everyday urbanism through the inheritance and analysis of relevant documents in parallel with the method of field survey and mapping to reflect the reality of the relationship between sidewalk activities and space in a model urban area. The research results show that sidewalk activities are not a manifestation of a residential area lacking infrastructure or weak management, but the necessity and richness of sidewalk activities are part of the characteristics of Vietnamese urban areas. This shows the urgency of considering the sidewalk as a flexible public space, playing a transitional role and resonating with surrounding functional spaces, contributing ideas about sustainable urban development and rich local identity.

The US Southwest, the hottest and driest region in the US, faces significant climate-coupled challenges to sustainable development by human and natural systems. This study examines how inequalities in race and ethnicity have shifted with climate impact, analyzing disparities in socioeconomic conditions, remote sensing-based environmental metrics, and environmental changes (2000-2020). Results reveal widespread racial and ethnic disparities in social and environmental conditions. From 2000 to 2020, environmental inequalities increased, with significant differences in land surface temperature (LST) (Sen's slope differences: 0.00620 °C/year for Hispanic vs non-Hispanic (ethnic group); 0.00366 °C/year for people of color vs non-Hispanic White (racial group) and actual evapotranspiration (ETa) as a proxy for consumptive water use (-0.00167 mm/year for ethnic groups). LST disparities among races/ethnicities grew in warmer regions, while they decreased in temperate and cold areas. Water resource disparities also increased across different ethnic groups in drier neighborhoods, with a slope of ETa differences at -0.00237 mm/year. These findings highlight the linkages between environmental inequality, physiography, and climate change, demonstrating that climate change exacerbates these disparities. We recommend that urban planners and managers expand green spaces in vulnerable neighborhoods and communities to mitigate the disproportionate impact of climate change and enhance urban resilience to heat extremes and droughts for the entire urban setting.

This commentary explores the renewed significance of the neighbourhood scale in tenant organising amid the rise of global corporate landlords. Historically, tenant unions have been embedded in neighbourhood spaces and relations in various ways. Today, neighbourhoods serve as vital sites of resistance, offering rootedness against increasing displacement pressures and providing organising spaces for dwellers of dispersed property portfolios. However, neighbourhood-based organising continues to face political ambiguities and structural limitations, raising strategic questions about how local struggles connect to broader tenant movements. This discussion is grounded in the experience of Barcelona’s neighbourhood housing unions, examining their evolving repertoires of contention and organisation – including anti-eviction blockades, the formation of neighbourhood-based ‘communities of struggle’, and practices of coordination and confederation.

Abstract The world’s poorest communities are most affected by environmental contamination, as they often lack access to essential sanitation services. Unsafe stool disposal practices by households further exacerbate contamination in shared neighborhood spaces, posing serious health risks not only to their own children but also to children living nearby. In this study, we examine the impact of neighborhood-level contamination and other environmental factors on child morbidity and mortality in Afghanistan. We estimate logistic regression models using cross-sectional data on 32,712 children under five from the latest publicly available Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey, published in 2017. The findings show that children in neighborhoods where unsafe stool disposal is widespread face a 3.8 percentage points higher risk of diarrhea and a 1.1 percentage points higher risk of child mortality than those in neighborhoods where safe stool disposal is practiced. The use of polluting fuels for cooking increases the likelihood of cough in children by 1.5 percentage points and child mortality by 1.2 percentage points. In contrast, averting behaviors such as using non-shared toilets, improved water sources, and cooking in separate rooms or outdoor spaces significantly reduce the risks of these health outcomes. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to mitigate environmental health risks and safeguard child well-being in Afghanistan. Graphical Abstract

In this article, we focus on discussing some subcategories of the category of probabilistic convergence groups. In so doing, we introduce a category of probabilistic neighborhood spaces, \textbf{PNeigh}, and a category of probabilistic topological neighborhood spaces, \textbf{PTopNeigh}. We identify probabilistic metric spaces as probabilistic neighborhood spaces. Introducing a category of probabilistic neighborhood groups, \textbf{PNeighGrp}, we show that the category of probabilistic neighborhood groups, \textbf{PNeighGrp} - a topological category, and the category of probabilistic pretopological groups, \textbf{PPreTopGrp} are isomorphic, and find categorical relationship of probabilistic neighborhood groups with probabilistic convergence groups. Furthermore, we introduce a category of probabilistic pre Cauchy groups \textbf{PPreChyGrp} showing that the category of probabilistic Cauchy groups, \textbf{PChyGrp} - a category introduced earlier, is a full subcategory of \textbf{PPreChyGrp}. In this respect, we show that in presence of probabilistic convergence group, the category of probabilistic Cauchy groups and the category of strongly normal probabilistic limit groups are isomorphic. Moreover, following the notion of probabilistic normed group, we show that the category of probabilistic normed groups is isomorphic to the category of probabilistic metric groups; finally, we present probabilistic version of so-called invariance of norm theorem.

Trends in Spatial Justice in Urban Space Planning: A Study of Selected Urban Spaces in 1st Kinda Neighborhood in the City of Kufa–Iraq

Amid the growing integration of digital communication in everyday life, parenting is no longer confined to the private domain of the nuclear family. In many residential settings, particularly in suburban neighborhoods, caregiving has become a collective effort facilitated by digital platforms such as WhatsApp. However, this form of distributed digital parenting remains underexplored, especially within communal cultures like those found in Indonesia. This study aims to explore digital co-parenting practices in a WhatsApp group of residents living in a suburban housing complex in North Sumatra, focusing on the shared supervision of children aged 4–6 who frequently play in communal neighborhood spaces. Conducted from February to March 2025, the research adopted a netnographic approach, collecting data from WhatsApp group conversations, direct observations, and interviews with parents. Thematic analysis was applied and interpreted through the lenses of communities of practice, social capital, and affordance theory. The findings reveal that WhatsApp serves as a key medium for trust-based caregiving, emotional support, and collaborative child supervision. This study contributes to emerging understandings of digital gotong royong in parenting. The article also discusses the study’s implications, limitations, and recommendations for future research.

A growing body of research has linked social and environmental factors to health outcomes and health equity, with most studies focusing on residential neighborhoods. While activity space—the places people regularly visit—has been increasingly recognized as critical to health, there remains a lack of scalable, quantitative methods to assess its impact on health equity. This study addresses this gap by developing a big-data-driven approach that integrates 5.48 million origin–destination (O–D) pairs from SafeGraph travel data with demographic and environmental datasets to examine health equity in Southeast Michigan. The study assessed the difference between home ranges of residents of Black-/Hispanic-/White-dominant census tracts and measured three health-related aspects of residential and activity spaces with the Mann–Whitney U test ( U ) and Rank-Biserial Correlation ( rrb ). Through a systematic variable selection process, 13 out of 31 variables were selected to construct six indices that present: (1) socioeconomic disadvantages of residents (NDI [Neighborhood Disadvantage Index]/ANDI [Activity Space Neighborhood Disadvantage Index]), (2) access to health-essential resources (HOI [Health Opportunity Index]/AHOI [Activity Space Health Opportunity Index]), and (3) exposure to health disamenities (UEI [Unhealthy Exposure Index]/AUEI [Activity Space Unhealthy Exposure Index]). Results indicate that 91.2% of trips extend beyond residents’ home census tracts, and 73.6% reach beyond immediate neighboring tracts. White-dominant tract residents exhibit significantly larger home range areas (median = 782.3 km 2 ), which is 2.43 and 1.35 times that of Hispanic- and Black-dominant tract residents, respectively, indicating better mobility and affordance to diverse destinations. Furthermore, residents of Hispanic- and Black-dominant tracts experienced significantly higher levels of socioeconomic disadvantage and health risks both at home and in their activity spaces, reinforcing persistent disparities. As evidenced by increased rrb of pairwise U tests between three groups, social and environmental disparities were also intensified in activity spaces (e.g., rrb-NDI White-Black = 0.82 and rrb-ANDI White-Black = 0.92). By comparing the activity space patterns and health indices of different racial groups, this research provides a big-data-empowered and straightforward method to assess social and environmental disparities that contribute to health gaps. These findings provide actionable insights for urban planners to develop health-equity-focused, activity-space-informed policies aimed at mitigating structural inequalities in mobility and environmental exposure.

Attachment and (in)securities. Threats to the notion of rootedness in neighbourhood space in Barcelona

Do green and blue spaces in the residential neighbourhood have an effect on multimorbidity? A comparative, observational study of 48,589 UK Biobank participants

Abstract. Local dimension computed using extreme value theory (EVT) is usually used as a tool to infer dynamical properties of a given state ζ of the chaotic attractor of the system. The dimension computed in this way is also known as the pointwise dimension in dynamical systems literature and is defined using a limit for an infinitely small neighborhood in the phase space around ζ. Since it is numerically impossible to achieve such a limit, and because dynamical systems theory predicts that this local dimension is almost constant over the attractor, understanding the properties of this tool for a finite scale R is crucial. We show that the dimension can considerably depend on R, and this view differs from the usual one in geophysics literature, where it is often considered that there is one dimension for a given dynamical state or process. We also systematically assess the reliability of the computed dimension given the number of points to compute it. This interpretation of the R dependence of the local dimension is illustrated on the Lorenz 63 system not only for ρ=28, but also in the intermittent case where ρ=166.5. The latter case shows how the dimension can be used to infer some geometrical properties of the attractor in phase space. The Lorenz 96 system with n=50 dimensions is also used as a higher-dimension example. A dataset of radar images of precipitation (the RADCLIM dataset) is finally considered, with the goal of relating the computed dimension to the (in)stability of a given rain field.