Organization Of Space Research Articles

Critical therapeutic landscape design elements for cognitive impairments in the Royal Talbot rehabilitation centre

PurposeTherapeutic landscapes can be beneficial for patients recovering from cognitive and behavioural impairments. The therapeutic garden in the Royal Talbot rehabilitation centre (RTRC) located in Kew, Melbourne is a precedent for its nature design outdoor spaces and horticultural therapy (HT) program for patients with cognitive impairments due to brain and spinal cord injuries. There have been no studies into the physical design of the RTRC therapeutic garden.Design/methodology/approachThis case study unveils the critical design themes, and dominant physical elements of the RTRC therapeutic garden through site observation and analysis over the course of two months, a semi-structured interview with a key staff, and graphical representations using integrated photography and collaborative digital tools of AutoCAD and Adobe Photoshop.FindingsSeven critical design themes are identified for the RTRC garden: (1) space layout and organization, (2) physical and visual access, (3) pathway and facility, (4) multisensory vegetation, (5) amenity, wayfinding and seasonal interest, (6) cognitive stimulation, (7) utility and HT. Qualitative and quantitative data analysed in visual and descriptive format reveal multisensory vegetation, amenity, wayfinding and seasonal interest, and utility and HT are the top three most pivotal critical design themes in the RTRC therapeutic garden.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of this case study can be used to impart knowledge about the design of therapeutic landscape settings for cognitive impairments to design professionals and the public.Originality/valueThere is no case study has been conducted for this precedent of therapeutic garden in the Royal Talbot rehabilitation centre that targets for cognitive impairment patients. With the increasing awareness in medical and healthcare environments, this case study would help to inject mutual understanding, generate knowledge and design awareness among design professionals and public, and to cultivate more good quality healthcare settings.

SACRED ARCHITECTURE OF JAPAN DURING THE SPREAD OF BUDDHISM: LOCAL TRADITIONS AND CHINESE INFLUENCES

The article examines the sacred complexes of Buddhism and Shinto from the time of the beginning of the spread of Buddhism in Japan in the Nara period (645-783) in order to identify the nature of the mutual influence of two architectural traditions – the continental one, represented by the Buddhist architecture of China, and the local Japanese one, represented by Shinto architecture. As architectural examples, two authentic objects of both religious movements built in the same time period in the area of Nara were chosen, namely: the Toshodai-ji monastery complex, founded in 759 by the Buddhist monk Jianzhen, and the Kasuga shrine complex, built in the early eighth century by representatives of the powerful Fujiwara clan, the protector of imperial power. The analysis of the selected objects is carried out in four aspects: the nature of the organization of space, the nature of the interaction of structural elements, the nature of their accessibility and semantic content. The architecture of the Toshodai-ji monastery complex is dominated by continental influences, which are reflected in the organization of the complex, the structure and interior of its main pavilion kondo, and its semantics. The architecture of the complex shows the beginning of the process of transformation of local architectural traditions into Buddhist architecture, which is mainly reflected in the the structure and organization of the interior space of the kondo. The Kasuga shrine complex, on the contrary, although influenced by continental techniques, remains largely within the framework of local influences, which prevail mainly at the level of organization of the complex and at the level of its semantics. Continental influences are manifested in attempts to organize the structure of the shrine complex following the examples of Buddhist architectural complexes, as well as in the architectural form of the hondo pavilions. The identification of the characteristic features of the two architectural traditions was carried out in parallel for each of the selected objects, and based on the results obtained, the nature of the mutual influence of the two architectural concepts was compared in quantitative terms.

Organization of Effective Interaction Between the Employer and the Educational Organization in the Professional Training of Engineers

The development of modern industry actualizes the issues of organizing interaction with educational organizations that conduct professional training of engineers, because the "personnel shortage" is obvious. On the other hand, educational organizations cannot carry out professional training without focusing on the requirements of industry, and without fulfilling the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard 3++ in terms of practical training. Thus, the organization of effective interaction between the employer and the educational organization is necessary for both sides of the process.The authors of the article highlighted the conditions for the organization of interaction between an employer and an educational organization, compliance with which will help bring the professional training of engineering personnel to a qualitatively new level and make it the most effective. These authors include: taking into account and using the historically established experience of Russian and Soviet vocational education; application of the practice of interaction of foreign educational organizations; application of the principles of continuity, continuity; the intersection of the educational space of the educational organization and the internal environment of the enterprise; creation of a regional sectoral integration educational space.The purpose of the article is to describe the conditions for effective interaction between an employer and an educational organization. The authors give examples of foreign and domestic pedagogical experience that can be used in the practice of vocational training.Within the framework of this study, the following methods were used: the method of historical and pedagogical research was used to study foreign and domestic pedagogical experience. The conclusions were formulated through the use of the method of observation of the educational process and the analysis of pedagogical experience.The authors come to the conclusion that compliance with the conditions described in the publication is important and can be used to create a pedagogical system of professional training of engineers.

The more the better? How degree programs’ variety affects university students’ churn risk

Students’ intra- and, especially, inter-degree relocation poses significant challenges that tertiary education systems and universities must address to identify the best possible solutions for its reduction. Indeed, this phenomenon has a major impact on several aspects, from the reallocation of financial resources to factors related to the organization of spaces and activities, as well as in terms of human and social capital. Moreover, it is much more challenging when involving different universities in different geographical areas. This paper addresses the issue of churn risk among students and its relationship with the institutions’ educational offerings, in terms of degree programs, by accounting for the impact of the characteristics of both universities and hosting areas. In particular, the analysis relies on Italian administrative data regarding students who decide to change university or field of study when enrolling in their second year of career. The results obtained performing the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood estimation show that the variety and the dimension of universities’ services supply contribute to reducing students’ churn risks and are positively associated with universities’ retention rates.

Local economic development strategies in a medium-sized city on the European periphery: a path to become an economic center of Eastern Central Europe importance

Large cities are becoming increasingly valuable in the spatial structure of globalized economies. Although these centers vary significantly regarding population, economic structure, and income conditions, they—compared to their surroundings—generally show a higher productivity level, a higher rate of employment, higher education, and higher innovation performance. However, this metropolization and concentration of the economy in large cities made the development of cities regarded as medium-sized on an international scale an issue of competitiveness in Europe, characterized by dense town networks, a small number of metropolises, and a significant weight of medium- and small-sized towns. However, one of the main preconditions for achieving success in this competition is to form a comprehensive and complex concept with a significant emphasis on economic development. Therefore, the aim of our study is to analyze the local economic development strategies for the last three decades, as elaborated in Debrecen. In the framework of our empirical analysis, we examined how different mainstream concepts appear in local development strategies and which development objectives are determined by the local strategies. Furthermore, we also aimed to identify possible changes in ideas about city roles by referring to the organization of economic space.

Children, imagination and outer space exploration: implications for space accountability systems

PurposeThe primary objective of this paper is to explore how space organizations can incorporate children and imagination in their accountability-based accounting and decision-making processes.Design/methodology/approachThis study centers on stakeholder engagement with children, specifically examining the drawing competition associated with the CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS) space exploration mission. We employ a multidimensional research design consisting of both an interpretive approach to the 2,748 space-related drawings submitted by children across Europe to the CHEOPS drawing competition in 2015 and a content analysis of 46 media releases published by ESA and the University of Bern, the key partners of the CHEOPS mission.FindingsOur analysis of the children’s drawings and the CHEOPS media releases indicates that the related organizations account for some of the children’s visions and imaginations, but shortcomings exist in addressing the ethical and space environmental concerns related to space exploration. We explore implications for the space accounting agenda by applying the critical dialogic accountability framework proposed by Dillard and Vinnari (2019), which allows for a discussion on an outline for action by incorporating intergenerational equity (Thomson et al., 2018) and moral imagination (Werhane, 1999).Originality/valueThis study offers a novel exploration of a largely overlooked yet crucial stakeholder group: children. By focusing on their unique perspectives and imaginative capabilities, the paper brings forth the voices of those who will inherit the future of space exploration. Employing children’s drawings as a medium of symbolic communication, this research study offers fresh insights into their perceptions, particularly relevant to space accounting. This innovative approach not only enriches the literature on stakeholder engagement and accountability but also provides space organizations with valuable guidance on fostering inclusivity and ensuring that the interests of future generations are considered in decision-making processes.

Research on Indoor Space Layout Based on Redirection Algorithm

Research on indoor space layout based on redirection algorithm explores innovative approaches to optimizing the arrangement of indoor environments for various purposes. By utilizing redirection algorithms, which focus on guiding individuals through spaces efficiently, researchers aim to enhance the functionality, usability, and aesthetics of indoor spaces. These algorithms consider factors such as traffic flow patterns, spatial constraints, and user preferences to dynamically adjust space layouts, furniture placements, and circulation paths. The goal is to create environments that promote better navigation, user satisfaction, and productivity while maximizing space utilization and minimizing congestion. This paper investigates the implementation of a redirection algorithm to optimize indoor space layout and organization. The primary objective is to enhance navigation efficiency, improve user experience, and maximize space utilization within indoor environments. Through the utilization of the redirection algorithm, furniture and fixtures within various rooms are strategically arranged to create more functional and aesthetically pleasing layouts. The effectiveness of the optimization process is evaluated through metrics such as navigation times, trajectory smoothness, and collisions with obstacles. Results demonstrate significant improvements in layout design, with optimized arrangements leading to reduced navigation times, smoother trajectories, and minimized collisions.

Perancangan Homestay Moni Kecamatan Kelimutu Kabupaten Ende (Tema Arsitektur Neo Vernakuler)

ABSTRACT DOMINGGUS PITERSON BABO 2018320320. Moni Homestay Design, Kelimutu District, Ende Regency (Neo Vernacular Architecture Theme). Faculty of Engineering, University of Flores, Ende, 2023.. Mobile Number : 081339344579, E-mail : babosoni@gmail.com supervisor I : Ir. Dian Fitriawati Mochdar, ST., MT. supervisor II : Fabiola T.A, Kerong. ST., MT. Moni Kelimutu tourist destinations include culinary tourism, shopping tourism, and recreational tourism. This has a positive impact because the number of tourists coming is increasing. Therefore Homestay lodging is a very important element to support the existing potential. Homestay has an important role to introduce the character of each region. Ende Regency is one of the districts with many tribes and precisely in the Kelimutu sub-district, the local community highly respects customs and habits, so Moni's homestay is designed with the Neo Vernacular theme which aims to strengthen the identity and character of the local indigenous tribes. The application of this theme is dominated by wood elements as an aesthetic element of the building both in the facade of the building and in the atmosphere of the building space. Wood is the main material for building traditional Lio houses. So that the Homestay is designed to have the feel of the local environment so that people who stay at this Homestay feel the character of the local area. The methods used in this planning and design are 1). data collection methods include primary data (observation, documentation and interviews) and secondary data (literature studies and comparative studies); 2). The analysis method explains each analysis which contains field data, design criteria (theory), alternative analysis (alternative 1 and alternative 2), and responses (alternative selection). Analysis methods include analysis of design objects; site analysis; functional analysis (space organization, namely the organizational structure of actors, analysis of activities and space requirements (analysis of actors and actors' activities), room analysis (conditions, circulation, organization, relationships, size and zoning of space), shape analysis and analysis of building mass placement patterns; analysis building systems (structure and utilities); as well as analysis of regional regulations. 3). The design method includes design ideas and design concepts, namely the concept of neo vernacular architecture. The results obtained from designing Moni's homestay are based on a neo vernacular architectural approach which emphasizes more on building materials and site processing. The facilities built include the main facilities in the form of accommodation (suite room and standard type homestay), management building, as well as supporting facilities in the form of a cafeteria, photo spot, outdoor room and service area, parking. Keywords: Tourism, Homestay, Neo Vernacular Architecture

Basic principles of urban transformation of the suburban zone of a megapolis greater samara. Part 1

The contradictions that exist today between a reasonable balance of planning, communication, industrial, environmental processes and the organization of the urban planning structure of a megapolis are formed in the orbit of current challenges for Russia. The author examines new concepts aimed at creating international transport and logistics corridors and scientific and production clusters in accordance with the strategy of neo-industrialization and the draft Urban Planning Doctrine of Russia developed by the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences. Using the example of the Volga region megapolis Greater Samara, the following are considered: the basic urban planning principles for regulating the transformation of the suburbs of the megapolis; spatial structure of multihub systems. Promising models of the supporting framework of territories with scientific and practical organization of space are proposed, considered according to the spheres of their action: architectural, urban planning, management, environmental, economic. The author relies on the scientific works of architects, urban planners, economic geographers, urban ecologists and other specialists studying urban processes.

OA30 Primary osteoarthritis chondrocyte map of chromatin conformation reveals novel effector genes

Abstract Background/Aims Osteoarthritis is a complex disease with a huge public health burden. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of osteoarthritis-associated sequence variants, but the effector genes underpinning these signals remain largely elusive. Understanding chromosome organisation in 3D space is essential for identifying long-range contacts between distant genomic features (e.g., between genes and regulatory elements), in a tissue-specific manner. Here, we generate the first whole genome chromosome conformation analysis (Hi-C) map of primary osteoarthritis chondrocytes and identify novel effector genes for the disease. Methods Primary chondrocytes collected from eight knee osteoarthritis patients underwent Hi-C analysis to link chromosomal structure to genomic sequence. The identified loops were then combined with osteoarthritis GWAS results to identify variants involved in gene regulation via enhancer-promoter interactions. Results We identified 36 genetic variants residing within chromatin loop anchors that are associated with 13 osteoarthritis GWAS signals. Five of these variants reside directly in enhancer regions of 3 enhancer-promoter loops newly described in chondrocytes, pointing to high-confidence effector genes: PAPPA, NSD2 and NCOA6. PAPPA is directly associated with the turnover of IGF-1 transport proteins, and IGF-1 is an important factor in the repair of damaged chondrocytes. Conclusion We have constructed the first Hi-C map of primary human chondrocytes and have made it available as a resource for the scientific community. By integrating 3D-genomics with large-scale genetic association data, we identify high-confidence osteoarthritis effector genes which enhance our understanding of disease and can serve as putative high-value novel targets. Disclosure N. Bittner: None. C. Shi: None. D. Zhao: None. J. Ding: None. L. Southam: None. D. Swift: None. P. Kreitmaier: None. M. Tutino: None. J. Hankinson: None. M. Wilkinson: None. G. Orozco: None. E. Zeggini: None.

Death by Law: Restrictive Regulations and INGO Numbers

Does the adoption of restrictive regulations shape numbers of non-governmental organizations? Since the late 1990s, governments around the world have been enacting new legal measures designed to suppress civil society’s functions and organizational space to carry out advocacy and politically oriented work. Scholars have investigated the impact of these new regulations on foreign aid flows, voting behavior, and on organizations, but to date, we lack a systematic analysis about the cross-national global effects of these legal restrictions on numbers of international non-governmental organizations (INGOs) in particular, since it is these organizations (and their funders) that have been heavily targeted. In this research note, we fill this gap through an empirical analysis of the effects of various types of restrictive laws on INGO numbers in 96 countries between 1992 and 2018 and find that advocacy restrictions result in a reduction of transnational human rights organizations but not numbers of INGOs.

Preparation of Future Teachers for Organising a Health-Preserving Inclusive Space in Educational Institutions

The purpose of the research consists in analysing the current state of training future teachers for the organisation of a health-preserving inclusive space. The identified problems are actualised by the growing role of inclusive education, which is aimed at teaching children with different educational needs and disabilities. For realising the goal of the research, a number of theoretical (analysis, synthesis, abstraction, induction, deduction, generalisation) and empirical (observations of the educational process of a higher education institution, in which future teachers undergo professional training), study of documentation (academic programs, curricula, syllabi)), questionnaire) methods. In particular, the documentation of Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University of Drohobych has been studied, and 120 students of the first (bachelor’s) and the second (master’s) degrees of higher education have been surveyed. The conducted research has proved the ability of a modern higher education institution to form specialists with developed inclusive competence. This is facilitated by the systematic work of the higher education institution regarding the formation and implementation of academic programs for training future teachers and regarding the inclusion of a number of educational components, which are aimed at forming inclusive competence and future teachers’ relevant skills in the process of pedagogical practice.

Gen Z College Students’ Preference for Affordances Over Aesthetics in Interpreting Workplace Imagery

ABSTRACT Using data collected from focus groups with traditional college students, this paper examines how students read images of highly aestheticized workspaces. The findings demonstrate that although college students are attracted to the aesthetic of workspaces, they are also skilled at reading the affordances present in workspaces. Through experiences like internships, college life, and observations of their parents, students have learned what kinds of affordances support their preferred workstyle and future career. When interpreting images of aestheticized workspaces, they look past the decontextualized aesthetic to understand whether these workspaces are practical for their anticipated work. This research contributes to the literature on how affordances communicate, considers how organizational spaces communicate beyond organizations themselves, and practically suggests how organizations might favor function over design in workplaces to recruit and retain Gen Z workers.

Negotiating meritocracy and gender equality across organisational spaces: the case of a tenure track system

In this article, we study how meritocratic systems and gender equality concerns are negotiated across different organisational spaces in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Based on a case study of the organising of a tenure track system in a Swedish university, we suggest that the intersection of meritocratic processes and gender equality work can be analysed as a set of negotiated orders in these spaces. This fragmentation may imply problems for advancing gender equality agendas in relation to established notions of meritocracy but may also imply opportunities for change as existing organisational spaces can be reconstructed or new ones created. Our notions of fragmentation and negotiated orders thereby suggest that the current situation is both stable and legitimate and that re-negotiations need to involve reconstructions of the various spaces and not only interventions into them.

READING TRADITIONAL JAPANESE ARCHITECTURE THROUGH HAYAO MIYAZAKI CINEMA

Houses, which are the best-known examples of traditional architecture, are cultural heritage products and objects of representation. Traditional Japanese houses have continued their existence as living examples of space organization, materials and building-construction system/technique, preserving their originality and qualities. This study aims to interpret this architecture through the traditional Japanese architecture in Hayao Miyazaki's animated films. The main problem of the study is to obtain information about the cultures of societies through television and cinema products, to keep traditional architecture alive and to ensure its sustainability. By examining Miyazaki's animated films, the sample of the study was limited to 12 feature films or short films. In these films, those determined to be about traditional Japanese architecture are grouped as building elements, spaces, interior elements and accessories. In some of the films examined within the scope of the study, there are elements of traditional Japanese architecture in a single building, some in two or three buildings, and in some of the silhouettes of the settlement. It has been seen that the wall (kaaba) and roof (koyagumi) of the elements that make up the structure are more used than the ceiling (tenjo), and it is common in the board to use a floor (yuka) material. Life (doma), living room (ima), room (heya) and veranda (engawa) in traditional Japanese houses are more prominent than the kitchen (floor) and bathroom (furo) in the houses in the movies. Sliding wall (fusuma), sliding paper door/window (shoji) and shoe removal board/stone (kutsungi) from interior elements in homes and public spaces; tables (chabudai), cushions (zabuton) and wicker ground cover (tatami) are the most used items.

COMPOSITIONAL AND PLANNING COMPONENT OF THE UNIQUENESS OF THE ARCHITECTURAL SPACE OF THE ENVIRONMENT

The study of public spaces through their analysis is key to the recon-struction of historical cities and districts, their adaptation to modern needs, and the resolution of design conflicts. The purpose of the analysis of public spaces should be to determine their "uniqueness" and the potential to improve this quality. The theoretical concepts put forward are confirmed by examples of the organization of public spaces in Astana, methods of analysis of archival materials and studies of modern urban devel-opment. Five factors of the "uniqueness" of public space are established. Based on the analysis of all existing theories, a generalizing idea of the principles of the development of the uniqueness factors of a particular public space is given. Analysis has shown that when planning and implementing the framework of the city, it is important to preserve or qualitatively introduce unique public spaces into its structure. The example of Asta-na has shown that when the status and population of any city changes, a number of dif-ficulties arise that affect the functional and planning framework of the city and the quality of perception of public spaces. Thus, the discrepancy between the large-scale system and the violation of stylistic unity is more often revealed, which destroys the ex-isting identity of the urban environment. A clear understanding of the essence of the problem will help to form the concept of an integrated approach in the design of public spaces and will pave the way for new searches in the architecture of the objects under study.

Research on Energy-saving Design for University Library Spaces in Cold Regions

With the popularization of open-shelf reading in university library, the change of use mode leads to the change of space mode, and gradually develops from corridor mode to large-scale and deep composite centralized space organization mode. However, the large and deep open reading space and atrium space in university libraries increasingly rely on artificial lighting, mechanical ventilation and mechanical temperature regulation to meet the comfort needs of space thermal environment. Moreover, the improper control of passive design strategy in the early stage further leads to the reduction of indoor thermal environment comfort and the increase of building energy consumption. In the early stage of architectural design, through reasonable passive space layout design, the use of air conditioning equipment can be greatly reduced, energy consumption can be reduced, and the goal of green development can be achieved. Through extensive collection and analysis of 23 university libraries built in cold climate region, by making a statistical study on the building type, building area, number of floors, building scale and building plane aspect ratio, summarizing and extracts the prototype. Referring to the typical cases in cold climate area, two core groups that reading spatial variable group and atrium spatial variable group are proposed by controlling a single variable, in which each group has four plane layout modes. The dynamic energy consumption simulation software DesignBuilder is used to simulate the annual cooling, heating and lighting load of each group in cold climate region, and the results are converted into energy consumption values for analysis. The final results show that among the four combination modes of reading spatial variable group, the overall energy consumption of compound type is the smallest, and the energy-saving rate is the highest, up to 3.71%. The overall energy consumption of parallel type and surround type is little difference, and the overall energy consumption of surround type is the highest. The energy-saving rate of the four groups of reading modes is as follows: compound type > decentralized type > parallel type > surround type. The total energy consumption of the atrium partial staggered floor group is lower than that of the non staggered floor group. Among the four combination modes of the atrium spatial variable group, the overall energy consumption of the organization form of the atrium partial staggered floor to the south is the smallest, the energy-saving rate is the highest, reaching 5.84%, and the energy-saving rate of the atrium partial staggered floor to the north is the lowest. Therefore, in the preliminary scheme design stage, low-performance spaces such as traffic auxiliary space can be placed at the building boundary to form a buffer zone similar to the transition space, so as to alleviate the negative impact of the external adverse climate environment on the internal space. At the same time, it can be considered to carry out partial staggered floor design of the atrium, and give priority to arranging the atrium on the south side, which is not only conducive to reducing the overall energy consumption of the building and achieving the energy-saving goal, but also enhance the diversification of vertical sections and promote the interest of the internal space of modern university libraries.

Regulatory frameworks and experience in designing interiors and equipment of premises for holding persons in isolation

The article highlights the acute problem of the formation of architectural and object-spatial environments of penitentiary institutions in Ukraine. Today the correctional system in the state is improving and bringing Ukrainians closer to a safer and more tolerant society, but the problem of functioning of existing places of detention remains. Predominantly they are morally and materially obsolete buildings with problems of compliance with technical, sanitary, and hygienic standards, as well as the unsatisfactory functional and aesthetic organization of space. The article considers the problems of harmonizing the architectural environment of domestic correctional complexes, in particular, the design of interiors and furnishing of premises for the detention of persons deprived of their liberty. There is no objection that the complex design of a correctional facility building and interior design of premises for the detention of arrested (imprisoned) persons should be based on versatile requirements reflected in the normative documentation. Today in Ukraine there is a development of normative construction documentation for the design of premises for the detention (accommodation) of persons subject to isolation, based on the current state documents of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, the National Police of Ukraine, the State Migration Service and the like. This rather wide range of documents, relying in turn on international provisions, puts forward requirements not only for the design of sites and buildings for the detention of persons in isolation but also for a certain interior design and equipment of the premises. The study and analysis of the available examples of world experience in the design and construction of penitentiary institutions can show a direct link between the design of the premises where prisoners are kept and the methods of re-socialization and re-education, the positive results of which are an important goal of the functioning of such institutions in socio-economically developed countries. The experience of designing, constructing, and operating foreign prisons and correctional centers of various security levels has been studied and analyzed, and the peculiarities of interior design and equipment of premises (cells) for the detention of the contingent have been revealed. It was found that the more qualitative the process of socialization in a safe and humane environment of places of deprivation of liberty, the lower the percentage of recidivism achieved under the influence of this environment, the higher the justification of state expenditures in this subsidized sphere. The article highlights several regulatory requirements and provides recommendations on the formation of a subject-spatial environment for the detention of persons in correctional institutions in Ukraine. The result of this research can be several conclusions, guided by which, it is possible to form a full-fledged object-spatial environment for the detention of prisoners (arrested) in a correctional institution, as well as to design interiors and furnishings for the staff, whose work is difficult and stressful.

Pre-design analyses of the mutual relationship and location of multi-family buildings using the example of the architectural and spatial concept at Długosza 22a in Warsaw

When designing multi-family buildings on plots that have not yet been developed, an important element is their location and its careful preparation. Pre-design analyses allow for the simulation of various solutions in order to select the most advantageous location of individual volumes and accompanying spaces. Appropriate arrangement of architecture and other land development functions helps to meet a number of formal and legal requirements, but also provides an opportunity for effective and comfortable living in a future multi-family development. The aim of the study is to show the possibilities offered by pre-design analyses in terms of sunlight and the organisation of space between buildings. Another goal is to outline the benefits of performing such analyses. Thanks to them, it is possible to use compromise in design solutions when it turns out that individual variants of a building location have better or worse properties, or certain conditions are mutually exclusive. The results were presented in the form of variants, presenting various land development solutions and relating directly to the previously conducted analyses. The analyses presented in the article allow for precise formulation of conclusions, and their selection is justified by the possibility of transparent and graphical interpretation of the algorithms performed during design.

The Design of Earthquake Evacuation Spaces Based on Local Wisdom: A Case Study of Traditional Houses in South Sulawesi

Indonesia is situated on the Ring of Fire, which causes a lot of earthquakes. On the 28 September 2018, there was an earthquake in Palu, Sulawesi Island, Indonesia, which was one of the strongest shakings since 1980. Surprisingly, most traditional houses in Sulawesi survived. There has been some research on adapting traditional house structures to modern residential buildings. The limited availability of wood and complicated construction make adapting wood structures to current conditions challenging. The purpose of this study is to analyze space organization in ten traditional South Sulawesi house designs. A possible evacuation route can be found through the analysis as the first space for expeditiously escaping from an earthquake. In addition, modernizing the layout of a traditional South Sulawesi house and introducing it to local people was easy since they were familiar with the design. A deep analysis of spatial organization and its interrelations can help develop realistic designs, plans, and knowledge, thus improving the quality of residential projects. A descriptive qualitative method was used as a research method. Data were collected from field observations, brief interviews, and literature reviews. In order to analyz thee data, ORA-LITE was used to redraw the data and create the charts. It was found that different cultures have different evacuation spaces, in this case the Bugis tribe and the Toraja tribe. A corridor and kitchen were the most strategically located areas that could possibly be used for evacuation. Considering the differences in culture among tribes, designing evacuation spaces based on local culture was important. A recommendation based on this finding can also be made to the government of South Sulawesi in the design of residential houses.