Soviet Mission Research Articles

Soviet Mission School Visit

Soviet Mission School Visit

French participation in the Soviet Phobos mission

The soviet mission to Phobos and Mars was launched in July 88. It carries some thirty experiments on board, designed on a broad international basis, devoted to studying the planet Mars and its viscinity, its natural satellite Phobos, the Sun and the Interplanetary Medium. France, through its laboratories participating in a number of experiments and the CNES Space Center at Toulouse in the Phobos spacecraft navigation operations, is the main partner of the Soviet Union in the Phobos mission. Different experiments on the spacecraft are discribed (ISM, AUGUSTE, IPHIR, PWS, LILAS and APEX, the active DION and LIMA-D experiments) as well as the French participation in the long-term automated lander: DAS (cameras, STENOPEE). The first scientific results are presented. The CNES contribution to the international cooperation for Phobos navigation are also described (methods and results).

Trabecular bone remodeling after seven days of weightlessness exposure (BIOCOSMOS 1667).

Seven male rats were exposed to 7 days of weightlessness in the Soviet mission COSMOS 1667 and compared with seven control rats by bone histomorphometric methods. In proximal tibial metaphysis, the trabecular bone volume was markedly reduced in flight animals. Trabeculae were decreased in number and thickness; this probably leads to alteration of bone mechanical properties. Formation activity (reflected by measurements of osteoid seams) was decreased at trabecular and endosteal levels. Resorption activity (estimated by count of osteoclast number and active resorption surfaces using a histoenzymologic method) remained unchanged. The imbalance between these cellular activities appears to be responsible for the loss of trabecular bone mass. In proximal femoral metaphysis, measurements were performed in an area located under the muscular insertions. The trabecular bone volume, despite a slight decrease in flight rats, was not significantly different from that of control rats. Furthermore, osteoclastic and osteoid parameters were unchanged. Differential responses between these two long bones need additional investigations. In thoracic and lumbar vertebrae no detectable change in bone mass and bone resorption parameters was found.

Letters from Kapitza to his mother, 1921-27

Peter Kapitza (1894—1984) came to England as a member of a Soviet mission sent to renew scientific relations with the West after the upheavals of World War I, the Revolution and the Civil War. He had recently suffered the tragic loss of his wife, their two young children and his father in the epidemics that raged in the Soviet Union at that time. It was partly to distract him from his grief that he was invited to join the mission, and A. F. Joffé, who had been his chief at the Physico-Technical Institute in Petrograd, thought it would be a good thing for him to get some first-hand experience of the latest research techniques by spending the winter in a leading physics laboratory in the West. Eventually, Rutherford agreed to have him in the Cavendish and Kapitza made such an impression by his originality and experimental skill that he was encouraged to extend his stay.

Effects of weightlessness on body composition in the rat.

Five male rats were exposed to 18.5 days of weightlessness in the Soviet mission COSMOS 1129 (flight group) and killed after reentry. They were immediately dissected into three major body subdivisions: musculoskeletal system, skin, and pooled viscera analyzed for fat, water, solids, and six elements. These results, expressed as percentages of the fat-free body or its components, were compared with two groups of terrestrial controls: one subjected to a flight simulation in a spacecraft mock-up and the other under standard vivarium conditions. Relative to the control groups the flight group showed 1) a reduced fraction of total body water, 2) a net shift of body water from skin to viscera, 3) a marked diminution in fraction of extracellular water in the fat-free body, 4) a marked reduction in fraction of bone mineral, 5) no change in the quantity of stored fat or adrenal masses, and 6) a net increase in total muscle mass as indicated by total body creatine, protein, and body cell mass.

Soviet Union: Alfred Erich Senn: Diplomacy and Revolution: The Soviet Mission to Switzerland, 1918, University of Notre Dame Press, Indiana, 1974, ix, 221p.

SOVIET UNION: Alfred erich senn: Diplomacy and Revolution: The Soviet Mission to Switzerland, 1918. SOVIET UNION: RUDOLF SCHLESINGER : History of the Communist Party of USSR : Past and Present. SOVIET UNION: VICTOR M. FIC : Revolutionary war for independence and the Russian question : Czechoslovak army in Russia 1914–1918. SOVIET UNION: Alvin z. rubinstein : Red Star on the Nile: The Soviet-Egyptian Influence Relationship Since the June War.

Diplomacy and Revolution: The Soviet Mission to Switzerland, 1918

Diplomacy and Revolution: The Soviet Mission to Switzerland, 1918

Diplomacy and Revolution: The Soviet Mission to Switzerland, 1918

Diplomacy and Revolution: The Soviet Mission to Switzerland, 1918

Diplomacy And Revolution: The Soviet Mission To Switzerland, 1918. By Alfred Erich Senn. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1975. ix, 221 pp. $9.95.

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Diplomacy and Revolution: The Soviet Mission to Switzerland, 1918

(1974). Diplomacy and Revolution: The Soviet Mission to Switzerland, 1918. History: Reviews of New Books: Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 12-13.