Dinoflagellate cysts revealed by combining microscopy and metabarcoding in the Taiwan Strait in Southeast China: the potential risk of harmful algal blooms.

Quinolones, tetracyclines, and amphenicols in animal-derived food products from southeast China: distribution and health risk estimation

Abstract Analyzing spatial synchronization of dry wet abrupt alternation (DWAA) events is essential for developing suitable measures to mitigate the underlying damage of such events. In this study, two types of DWAA events, namely, dry–wet and wet–dry events, are identified during 1962–2022 over China, and their spatial connections and propagation patterns are investigated by constructing the undirected and directed networks based on event synchronization. Network measures are determined to analyze complex patterns within each network. The results indicate the widespread risk of DWAA events across China with a significant increase in the frequency of both dry–wet and wet–dry events. Undirected network analyses highlight important geographic regions for the synchronization of DWAA events, such as the central–southern North China Plain and Hexi Corridor for both dry–wet and wet–dry events and Northeast China only for dry–wet events. It is also suggested that dry–wet events are more synchronized and generally exhibit larger synchronization patterns compared to wet–dry events. By applying the Louvain method, nine communities are detected in the undirected networks of both dry–wet and wet–dry events, within which the events are more likely to occur synchronously. Directed network analyses reveal that source regions of DWAA event propagation are always located near sink regions, indicating that the propagation of these events is generally limited to a certain range. Additionally, regions with a high incidence of DWAA events largely correspond to source regions of propagation. Moreover, DWAA events exhibit unique propagation patterns in different parts of China, such as east–west propagation in Northwest China, westward propagation in Southeast China, and northward propagation in Southwest China.

Abstract The Xiangshan volcanic basin in Jiangxi Province hosts China’s largest volcanic-related uranium deposit. The intermediate to felsic volcanic-intrusive complexes in the basin are the primary ore-bearing units and are central to studies of uranium mineralization. However, their formation mechanisms remain controversial. To address this, we integrate thermodynamic modeling with geochemical analyses of volcanic-intrusive complex samples to establish relationships between melt fraction, magma composition and bulk resistivity obtained from the electromagnetic imaging of the magma reservoir beneath Xiangshan basin. Our results demonstrate that the conductive feature of this magma chamber can be explained by saturated partial melt (~9 vol%) containing a volatile phase (~3 vol%) at 677°C. It suggested that the magma chamber is not a simple two-phase medium, as previous estimates, but rather a complex three-phase system comprising intermingled melt, crystals, and volatiles. Meanwhile, the volatile components are primarily attributed to mantle-derived CO₂ and F introduced during the evolution of the magmatic system, which indicate that the formation of Xiangshan felsic magma reservoirs likely involved contributions from mantle-derived materials. The identified volatiles in the magma system likely provide the direct carriers for the upward migration of uranium elements. Overall, this study provides novel geophysical constraints and petrogenetic evidence that help us understand the genesis of uranium-enriched volcanic-intrusive complexes and the trans-crustal migration of uranium elements in the Xiangshan uranium deposit.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) exhibits considerable molecular heterogeneity. This study aimed to delineate the mutational landscape and investigate the associations between frequently mutated genes and key clinicopathological features in a single-center cohort of CRC patients using next-generation sequencing (NGS). This study included 381 patients with pathologically confirmed colorectal cancer. Tumor tissue samples were collected and subjected to targeted sequencing and variant analysis of 40 cancer-related genes using an NGS platform. Associations between gene mutation status and clinicopathological features-including tumor location, clinical stage, and MSI status-were assessed using the χ2 test. Sequencing analysis revealed that 12 patients harbored no detectable mutations in the targeted genes. Among the remaining 369 patients, somatic variants were identified across 30 genes. Regarding mutational patterns, 115 cases (30.2%) exhibited single-gene mutations, 158 cases (41.5%) showed two co-occurring mutations, and 96 cases (25.2%) carried alterations in three or more genes. The most frequently mutated genes were TP53 (76.9%), KRAS (47.8%), and PIK3CA (18.9%). TP53 mutations were significantly enriched in left-sided colon cancers (p < 0.0001). In contrast, both KRAS (p = 0.010) and PIK3CA (p = 0.001) mutations were significantly associated with right-sided colon cancers. Furthermore, the frequency of PIK3CA mutations was significantly higher in MSI-high tumors compared to MSS tumors. This study demonstrates significant associations between specific gene mutations and distinct clinicopathological characteristics. The findings underscore the importance of integrating molecular profiling with conventional clinicopathological parameters for precise stratification.

Grazing is a widespread land use practice with significant implications for biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Wild ungulates, as key components of terrestrial ecosystems, play a vital role in maintaining ecosystem health. Dietary overlap exposes wild ungulates to intense competition with livestock, yet the effects of grazing on them remain underexplored. Using camera-trapping data from Xinglong County in the mountains of Southeast China, we investigated the spatiotemporal responses of eight wild ungulates to livestock (cattle and horses). Our results showed the following: (1) The potential distribution of suitable habitats for ungulates was primarily shaped by elevation (ELE), distance to temple (DTT), precipitation of the coldest quarter (bio19), and distance to water (DTW). Among the species, blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) showed the strongest response to livestock presence. (2) Spatially, most ungulates appeared to avoid livestock; forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) showed spatial avoidance of horses. (3) Temporally, the daily activity patterns of most ungulates generally showed low to moderate overlap with those of cattle. These findings suggest that livestock grazing may be associated with negative effects on wild ungulates in Xinlong County. Given the ecological importance of ungulates, the need to maintain wildlife community integrity, and the long history of grazing in the region, further research is warranted to understand the role of livestock in shaping wildlife communities.

Understanding how prehistoric human groups sustained themselves upon encountering novel island environments is crucial for modelling population movements in key world regions like Southeast Asia. Here, the authors present new radiocarbon dates and isotopic data for human and animal remains recovered from the Neolithic site of Xiying on Haitan Island, on the south-east China coast. The human remains are the earliest yet discovered on the island, their stable isotope ratios revealing a lifelong heavy reliance on marine foods despite the availability of a diversity of terrestrial resources, offering new insights into human adaptive flexibility in maritime environments.

Tetranychus truncatus is a dominant mite pest in China, yet its population structure and pesticide resistance status remain poorly characterized. To address this, we performed whole-genome resequencing of 176 individuals, integrating them with previous data to analyze 343 individuals from 44 populations. We investigated the population genetic structure, screened for 22 target-site resistance mutations across ten genes, and reconstructed the evolutionary origins of resistance mutations in acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Phylogenetic analysis identified four geography-based clades. The southeast China (SEC) lineage emerged as the most genetically distinct, characterized by high differentiation yet low nucleotide diversity. However, deviations from strict geographic clustering were observed; TreeMix and admixture analyses revealed that phylogenetic outliers resulted from extensive gene flow bridging distant lineages. While resistance mutations were generally rare, high frequencies of AChE mutations were detected. Evolutionary analysis revealed contrasting patterns: the widespread F331W mutation and the derived G328A mutation (confined to northern regions) shared a single evolutionary origin, whereas the F331Y mutation, which dominated the isolated SEC lineage, arose via multiple independent origins. Resistance evolution in T. truncatus is tightly coupled with population history. The strong isolation of the SEC lineage maintains a distinct, independently evolved resistance profile (F331Y), limiting the ingress of northern haplotypes. Conversely, extensive anthropogenic gene flow in northern China has facilitated the widespread dispersal of the single-origin F331W and G328A mutations. These findings highlight that both historical divergence and human-mediated dispersal shape local resistance landscapes, necessitating region-specific management strategies. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

BackgroundDengue fever is a major mosquito-borne disease that is spreading rapidly from endemic regions to previously low-incidence regions. The regions at the interface between Southeast Asia and China represent critical hotspots for the cross-border and subsequent local transmission of dengue fever. In this study, a cross-population transmission model was constructed to characterize the transmission dynamics in China's border regions adjacent to Myanmar.MethodsDengue case data from the dengue fever case reporting system were collected for Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture (DH) and Lincang City (LC), which are situated along the China-Myanmar border in southwestern China (2014–2023). We analyzed spatiotemporal patterns of dengue transmission and developed a transmission dynamics model that accounts for vertical transmission in mosquitoes to quantify transmission dynamics at three levels: the overall disease system, mosquito-to-human, and human-to-mosquito. Model parameters were estimated using least-squares fitting to observed case data, and model performance was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R2).ResultsFrom 2014 to 2023, a total of 10,180 dengue cases were documented across two China's border prefectures adjacent to Myanmar, 83.1% of which were locally acquired infections. There were 7,893 cases reported in DH (906 international imports, 6,961 local) and 2,287 cases reported in LC (717 international imports, 1,497 local). Transmission exhibited pronounced seasonality, peaking between July and November, and a strong temporal correlation between imported and local cases was observed. By using a dynamic transmission model incorporating mosquito vertical transmission, we achieved statistically significant model fits (P < 0.001) and quantified temporal changes in transmissibility. During the rising phases of the outbreak, the overall transmissibility consistently exceeded 1. Analysis of directional transmission revealed a marked temporal shift: human-to-mosquito transmissibility was predominant in earlier outbreak years (2017: 1–5 in DH, 10–15 in LC), whereas mosquito-to-human transmissibility has increased substantially in recent years (2023: 5–15 in DH, 10–20 in LC). Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that while overall transmissibility estimates remained robust across different initial mosquito population assumptions, the directional transmission components were sensitive to the ratio of exposed to infected mosquitoes, reflecting the inherent identifiability challenges of the model in the absence of entomological surveillance data.ConclusionsOur findings reveal the dengue transmission dynamics in China's border regions adjacent to Myanmar over the 2014–2023 study period. Our results underscore the necessity of integrating entomological monitoring with case-based surveillance and support enhanced cross-border coordination for effective outbreak prevention in high-risk frontier zones.Graphical Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40249-026-01440-x.

The distribution of organophosphate esters in common seafoods from southeast China and its exposure risk assessment

Influences of vegetation distribution on soil organic carbon accumulation and stability in a coastal wetland, Southeast China

Characteristics, source apportionment, and secondary transformation of volatile organic compounds during different seasons at an urban site in southeast China.

Decoding the hydroclimatic variability in the Minjiang River, Southeast China: The influence of ENSO, PDO, AO, and anthropogenic regulations

• Ap2 U–Pb ages (∼150 Ma) date Jurassic gold at Wangmushan. • Fluid mixing and water–rock interaction controlled Au mineralization. • Wangmushan differs from Cretaceous deposits, guiding exploration. The Wangmushan gold deposit, located in the Zhenghe region of the Southeast China Volcanic Belt (SCVB), is hosted by Proterozoic metamorphic rocks and Jurassic volcanic-subvolcanic rocks. Mineralization at Wangmushan occurred in two stages, each associated with distinct apatite generations: early-ore stage Ap1 (Ap1M in metamorphic rocks, Ap1V in volcanic rocks) and late-ore stage Ap2 (Ap2M, Ap2V). In situ U–Pb dating of Ap2M and Ap2V yields consistent ages of ∼150 Ma, indicating that metamorphic- and volcanic-hosted ores formed synchronously under a single Jurassic magmatic-hydrothermal system. Petrographic observations and trace element analyses of apatite and auriferous pyrite reveal that early-stage mineralization was dominated by magmatic-hydrothermal fluids, whereas late-stage mineralization experienced increasing influence from oxidizing meteoric water, accompanied by enhanced water–rock interaction. Fluid mixing and water–rock interaction are interpreted as key controls on gold precipitation. Compared to younger Cretaceous deposits in the SCVB, Wangmushan is temporally and genetically distinct, exhibiting unique orebody morphology, mineral assemblages, and alteration patterns. These findings not only highlight the complexity of Jurassic magmatic-hydrothermal evolution in southeastern China but also suggest that similar volcanic settings may host previously unrecognized gold deposits, providing important implications for regional exploration.

Rivers emit significant greenhouse gases due to global warming and human activities. The effects of land use and stream orders on methane (CH4) emissions remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the patterns and magnitudes of CH4 emissions in subtropical rivers spanning land uses and stream orders in Southeast China. CH4 concentrations and fluxes ranged from 129 to 2131 nmol L-1 and from -0.56 to 140 μg m-2 h-1, respectively. Rivers in urban areas showed the highest CH4 concentrations and fluxes, which increased by 55% and 71%, respectively, compared to those in cropland and forest areas. Water variables explained 34% of CH4 variability, while land use and stream order explained 17.6% by mediating water variables. CH4 flux was positively correlated with N2O and CO2 fluxes, suggesting that NO3- and carbon respiration facilitated CH4 emissions. In addition, CH4 flux was temperature-dependent and was conservatively projected to increase by 54 ± 7.6% and 109 ± 9.2% under 2 and 4 °C warming scenarios, respectively. Therefore, land use, stream order, and water variables have pressured significant variability of CH4 emissions. This variability can be further enhanced in the context of climate warming and human activities, yet it is modified by river hydraulics and morphological characteristics.

ABSTRACT Finding a balanced approach to advancing sustainable forestry development holds vital theoretical and practical significance across the globe. Compared with timber production, non-timber forest products (NTFPs) carry positive externalities, and their environmentally friendly, economically viable, and socially beneficial attributes make them key breakthrough points for sustainable forestry progress. Taking bamboo, a typical NTFP, as an example, this study combines theoretical analysis and a case study in Nanping city to explore how the bamboo industry in Southeast China promotes local forestry sustainability. The case study results revealed that, firstly, the bamboo industry reduces long-term forest resource consumption through its substitution effect on timber products, alleviating the “growth drag” of the forest economy; secondly, international market demand for eco-friendly bamboo products drives the adoption of sustainable forest management practices in the industry, further mitigating “growth drag”; thirdly, the carbon sink value of bamboo resources and the formation of an industrial ecosphere help maintain optimal forest resource utilization; fourthly, the industry’s employment expansion, coupled with improved production efficiency via sustainable technologies, expands its scale while easing resource consumption pressure. For developing countries, utilizing demand growth to stimulate infrastructure improvements and sustainable management application could achieve sustained growth balancing forestry sustainability and poverty alleviation.

Two medicinal mushroom species, Pleurotus tuber-regium (Lentinus tuber-regium) (commonly known as the sclerotium-forming oyster mushroom) and Ganoderma suae (a resinous polypore recently described from Southeast China in 2024)—are reported for the first time in Vietnam. The taxonomic histories of both genera, Ganoderma and Pleurotus are complex due to morphologically similarities among closely related species, posing challenges for accurate identification. In this study, specimens collected from National resources of Vietnam were identified combining detailed morphological examination with molecular analysis using rDNA ITS markers for phylogenetic confirmation. This report enhances the understanding of fungal diversity in Vietnam and provides a basis for further studies on cultivation, bioactivity, and value-added applications.

This study investigated the characteristics and interrelationships of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalate esters (PAEs), and microbial communities in coastal river sediments and benthic mollusks collected from an e-waste recycling area in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province. In sediments, 16 PAHs and six PAEs were detected, with concentrations ranging from 2.66 to 379.99 μg/kg and 76.5 to 3426.57 μg/kg, respectively. Four-ring PAHs (particularly fluoranthene and pyrene) and Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were dominant, with DEHP posing a potential risk, especially at site 10, warranting further attention. In contrast, only eight PAHs and four PAEs were detected in mollusks, with concentrations of 60.14–523.10 μg/kg and 144.55–3005.71 μg/kg, respectively. Two-ring PAHs (particularly naphthalene) and Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) were dominant, likely derived directly from the overlying water. The PAHs in sediments primarily originated from fossil fuel combustion, biomass burning, and coal combustion, while PAEs were likely derived from the release of plastic waste from solid waste recycling. Lower concentrations and fewer PAH and PAE species were observed in the sediments near the ocean and at greater distances from the e-waste recycling sites. Significant differences were observed in microbial communities between sediment and mollusk samples. Dominant phyla shared by both sample types include proteobacteria, bacteroidetes, firmicutes, and acidobacteria. The concentration of low-ring PAHs was correlated with the microbial communities, particularly in mollusk samples. Relationships were also identified between microbial communities and DEHP concentrations in sediments or DBP concentrations in mollusks.

Machine learning-based construction and network resilience assessment of wind-resistant tree species ecological networks: A case study from coastal southeast China.

Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a microsporidian species found ubiquitously in both invertebrate and vertebrate hosts including domestic and wild animals and humans. Enterocytozoon bieneusi typically causes severe or chronic diarrhea, malabsorption and emaciation. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and genotypic distribution of E. bieneusi in dogs in Fujian province, China. A total of 506 fecal samples from dogs were randomly collected from eight districts in Fujian province, China. The presence of E. bieneusi was confirmed through nested PCR targeting ITS gene. Further multilocus sequence typing (MLST) focused on the three microsatellite loci (MS1, MS3, and MS7) and minisatellite locus (MS4) loci. As a result, the infection rates of E. bieneusi in dogs were found to be 5.93% (30/506). A highly significant difference in the prevalence of E. bieneusi was observed across different urban areas (p < 0.01), with Longyan city exhibiting the highest infection rate (24.62%, 16/65), Zhangzhou and Xiamen the lowest (0.00%). Prevalence also varied significantly by source (p < 0.01), age (p < 0.01), gender (p < 0.05), symptom status (p < 0.01), and season (p < 0.01). Three known genotypes of E. bieneusi were identified in 30 dogs' positive samples, including EbpC, PigEBITS5 and PtEb IX, whereas FJLYD1, FJLYD2 and FJSMD have been identified as new genotypes. EbpC, PigEBITS5, FJLYD1, FJLYD2, and FJSMD all belong to Group 1, while PtEb IX is assigned to Group 11. Genotypes belonging to Group 1, the first major phylogenetic clade, are considered to possess potential zoonotic risks. None of the positive samples amplified at all four loci, forming a single multilocus genotype (MLG). This study contributes to a deeper understanding of E. bieneusi in dogs, which provides critical data for the development of targeted control strategies in Fujian province.