Source Of Sustainable Development Research Articles

The use of ozone as a driver for economic and environmental sustainable development

Sustainability, as a scientific concept, is multidisciplinary and very wide topic. Sustainable development bases its strategies not simply on the concept of growth, but rather on that of optimisation, around three main principles: ecosystem integrity, economic efficiency and social equity. The purpose of this paper, after an introduction about the concept of sustainability in general and as a strategy for the enterprises, is to discuss the potential of the use of ozone in different field, as a source of sustainable development, according to two of those principles, i.e. economic and environmental. In the first part, the concept of sustainability will be investigated in deep, with a managerial point of view, while the second part of the work will briefly analyse the current state of the arts of the uses of ozone, with also some practical examples. Finally, the discussion will take care of the reasons why the use of ozone, in several fields, could be considered as a driver for sustainability.

Institutional determinants of R&D investment: Evidence from emerging markets

Institutional environment of a country plays an important role for innovation activities. Our results confirm that external environment of emerging countries influence the R&D investment. Using Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimation of panel data for 664 firms from selected 20 emerging markets during the period of 2006–2013, we find that institutional quality has significant impact on R&D investment. The results show that government effectiveness, rule of law, and regularity quality have positive impact, while corruption and political instability have negative impact on R&D investment in the emerging markets. We also performed elasticity test to compare among the institutional factors. The results show that among the institutional determinants, corruption of a particular emerging country is found to be most important in influencing R&D investment followed by regularity quality, government effectiveness, rule of law, and political instability. These results would be helpful to investors and policy makers to assess the requirements of sustainable development. The results of this study clearly demonstrate that to attract more R&D investment as a source of sustainable development, government should ensure a sound and stable institutional environment along with strengthening other firm level factors as institutional factors are more important to explain the variation over the time and also cost effective in terms of implementation.

Environmental Particulars of Different Methods of Power Generation

The environmental and economic efficiency of different energy sources – coal, gas, shale gas, oil, wind, sun, water, nuclei, and others – is examined. The environmental indices of different methods of power generation are presented, the contribution of different types of energy carriers to electricity production and their prospects are indicated, and the environmentally most acceptable energy sources for sustainable development are named. A comprehensive index of the environmental impact is proposed.

Trends in human capital formation in the Kurdistan Region - Iraq

Despite different attitudes, Most economists stressed on the importance of human capital ,and its positive impact on the economic development process and the effectiveness of the physical production elements, these elements may not have that functionality without the human element. Thus, the human capital within education cycle education in capital formation is the most productive elements that can contribute to economic development. 
 Economic growth theories suggest that technical progress increases in the long term and technical progress rapidly when a better educated workforce, hence the human capital information helps in technical progress and is a source of sustainable development. Moreover, current study aims to identify the human capital and the importance of investing in education, and how to build human capital formation by investing in people through education in Kurdistan region-Iraq. Besides, verify the hypothesis which suggests that increased spending in education contributes to the development of human capital being provides the basis for individual breakthrough by developing his skills and creativity to achieve economic and social development goals, and that expenditure on education in Kurdistan-Iraq achieved a marked quantitative change but did not play its role in developing human capital.

Transitioning to sustainable use of biofuel in Australia

Biofuel is identified as one of the key renewable energy sources for sustainable development, and can potentially replace fossil-based fuels. Anticipating the competition between food and energy security, the Australian Government is intensively exploring other biofuel resources. There have been numerous research projects in Australia using the second and third generation model based on different feedstocks including lignocellulosic and microalgae. Such projects have been successfully demonstrated but are yet to be commercially viable. Moreover, transition pathways to realize the potential benefits of these value chains are not well understood. This preliminary study tried to provide an alternative framework and proposes future long-term transport biofuel pathways in Australia which can be seen as a solution for a post-carbon society. The study is targeted to outline the milestone of the Australian biofuel industry and its roadmap into the future. An investigation has been carried out on biofuel status and barrier, technology development, market and the chronology of biofuel related policies in Australia to understand the current situation and possibilities to develop further strategies, while also providing an insight into the consequences of producing biofuel for transportation. Several methods have been proposed to introduce the transition into a post-carbon society. Seven scenarios were divided, covering the roadmap of first, second and third generation of biofuel, alternative transportation modes such as electric vehicles (EVs) and fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) and the elimination of the fossil fuel running vehicles within a time frame of 20 years. The utilization of biofuel can be seen as a short to medium mode for transition into a green transportation society. Our investigation also showed that microalgae gave a better ecological footprint which offers the strongest potential for future Australian biofuel industry and aviation. Meanwhile, EVs and FCVs also share the portion for long-term transportation modes scenario.

PGPR’s mix treatment to Moringa improved plant growth and iron content in foliage as substantiated by biochemical and molecular methods

ABSTRACTIn this study, Bacillus pumilus SE34 and B. pumilus T4 were combined with Bacillus subtilis GBO3, B. pumilus INR7 and Pseudomonas fluorescens UOM14 to form COM1, COM2 and COM3, respectively. All combinations were used to find their synergistic effect on Moringa oleifera for growth promotion and Fe accumulation efficiency in foliage. The results indicate a significant increase in Fe content in foliage using COM3 (405.70%) followed by COM2 (105.83%) in comparison to the control with a simultaneous decrease in the soil Fe content. Increased expression of iron-transport-related genes like iron-phytosiderophore oligopeptide transporter and natural-resistance-associated macrophage protein, in foliage of Moringa using real-time PCR correlates with the enriched iron content in foliage of treated plants. Increase in citric acid was in direct relation to the Fe accumulation in foliage. Growth promotion and Fe enhancement using plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria’s combination was significantly higher, proving its synergistic effect as a great source for sustainable development in agriculture and nutrition.

Archaeological data as evidence of sustainable development: cases from the Gulf Coast of Mexico

Traditional knowledge as a source of sustainable development is a research topic that generally falls in the realm of ethnology and social anthropology. Archaeology, on the other hand, can provide the longue durée perspective on past and sometimes lost traditions that may be significant as modern sustainable strategies. This paper presents archaeological cases of long-standing traditional knowledge in agriculture and construction in the humid tropical lowlands of the Mexican Gulf Coast, which were lost about ad 1000 through episodes of cultural conflict. The first case concerns the agricultural use of wetlands for the intensive production of commercial and subsistence crops (cotton and maize). The second case is monumental earthen architecture, including pyramids and palaces, apparently achieved by using petroleum derivatives as an earth stabilizer. Besides evidencing sustainable practices, archaeology also provides the economical and socio-political context in which such labor-intensive strategies evolved and thrived for centuries. This context analysis allows cost–benefit concerns to be approached, if the reintroduction of such alternative technologies were contemplated in a modern market-oriented world.

Ecosystems Evolution as Source of Sustainable Development

Rural development by regions can be materialized through the elaboration and implementation of sectoral strategies. The design of a development model in the territory according to the fundamental sectoral domains can be achieved following the rural cohesion principles. The rural area, in its multiple diversity, is subject to complex challenges coming from the macroeconomic and macrosocial processes: a). demographic and social challenges from the territorial point of view, segregation of vulnerable groups – the diminution in number of the rural population and the strong demographic ageing on the rise have an impact upon rural cohesion starting from the type of public services, their supply and ending up with the rural labour market; b). challenges of the climate changes – the environmental risks are felt in the territory at different degrees, and vulnerabilization is regionally selective; c). challenges in relation to the loss of biodiversity, through the vulnerabilization of the natural, landscape and cultural patrimony – the regional character of the rural area can be so drastically modified that the territorial identity is lost.

Immigrant entrepreneurship in the Milan metropolitan area: results from an empirical analysis

Immigrant entrepreneurship is increasingly regarded as a potential source of sustainable development. But even while this potential is gaining popularity, the available data are still not sufficient to establishing ad-hoc policies that would support the development of this form of entrepreneurship. This drawback of the current data is mainly due to its descriptive nature and macro character, which do not allow policymakers to address key factors in the start-up of new ventures, such as motivations for becoming an entrepreneur, barriers and enabling factors, and social and economic impacts at both the urban and regional level. The objective of this paper is to advance this area of research by investigating these issues in the context of 118 entrepreneurs currently working in the metropolitan area of Milan. Our results contradict some of the key assumptions generally accepted in literature.

Biomass Utilization Post Rio +20

Biomass Utilization Post Rio +20

Establishment of individuation mode of talent cultivation based on talent database

The talent cultivation and echelon construction are the embodiment of core competition and the source of sustainable development in the hospitaI.In order to expedite the talent cuhivation based on the talent database an individuation mode of talent cuhivation was established in Peking University People's Hospital.Following this mode the individuation cultivation of talents and echelon construction were achieved,consequently,the scientific research team would be expected to form and develop. Key words: Talent database; Talent cultivation; Echelon construction; Research team; Hospital,university