Experimental analysis and advanced 3D computational fluid dynamics of a novel, energy-efficient, and sustainable solar thermal system

Mirror density optimization of solar tower system considering optical and receiver parameters

Research on the operating characteristics of a solar combined multi-heat source heat pump drying system under low meteorological parameters

Research on off-grid off-design scheduling strategies for a supercritical CO2 concentrating solar power cogeneration system

Adaptability design of solar heating systems in rural residences and model predictive control-based differentiated indoor temperature control: A case study in northern Shaanxi

A techno-economic design framework and analysis for active solar heating systems in cold climates: A case study in Russia

Enhancing the efficiency of solar photovoltaic systems via smart cooling in arid environments

Large-scale deployment of renewable energy systems is central to global decarbonisation strategies, yet integration at high penetration levels remains constrained by interacting technical, economic, infrastructural, and socio-regulatory barriers. Existing review studies typically examine these challenges in isolation or within single-technology silos, limiting system-level prioritisation across renewable technologies. This study presents a semi-systematic integrative review of recent literature (2020–2025) to develop a unified classification framework that links integration barriers with corresponding solution pathways across solar, wind, and hydropower systems. The proposed framework explicitly captures interactions between technical constraints (e.g., intermittency, grid stability, power quality), economic limitations (e.g., capital intensity, financing risk, market design), transportation and storage bottlenecks, and social–regulatory factors. A comparative severity-weighted heat-map is introduced to assess the relative impact of these barriers across technologies, enabling cross-sector prioritisation rather than technology-specific diagnosis. The review synthesises system-level solution pathways, including hybrid renewable configurations, sector-coupled integrated energy systems, advanced storage portfolios, Power-to-X routes, and green hydrogen as a long-duration flexibility vector. Techno-economic optimisation tools such as HOMER are critically assessed as screening-level instruments for hybrid system design, with explicit discussion of their applicability limits under high-renewable, network-constrained conditions. The findings suggest that effective renewable integration is increasingly dependent on the coordinated deployment of flexibility, cross-sector coupling, and coherent policy and market frameworks, rather than incremental technology-specific improvements. By aligning barrier severity with solution pathways across multiple renewable technologies, this review provides practical guidance for policymakers, system planners, and industry stakeholders seeking reliable and cost-effective pathways toward net-zero energy systems.

Research progress and engineering applications of technology-driven strategies for solar tracking systems

This dataset presents experimental data on the performance of a photovoltaic (PV) solar-powered water pumping system installed in a coffee plantation in Chiang Mai province, Thailand. The system performance was evaluated through controlled experiments using response surface methodology (RSM). Three independent variables were systematically varied: solar irradiance (300-900 W/m²), panel inclination (15-35°), and panel surface temperature (30-60°C). A total of 15 experimental runs were conducted, and the pumping efficiency (%) was recorded under each condition. Statistical analyses, including analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression modeling, were applied to evaluate the effects of the individual variables and their interactions on system performance. The dataset includes raw and processed measurements, regression coefficients, and response surface parameters, enabling replication and further analysis. Perturbation plots, 3D surface plots, and contour plots provide detailed visualizations of the relationships between environmental factors and system efficiency. The optimal operating conditions were identified at a solar irradiance of 600 W/m², a panel inclination of 25°, and a panel surface temperature of 45°C, corresponding to a predicted maximum efficiency of 76.3-77.0%. This dataset can be reused for designing optimized solar water pumping systems, validating predictive models, and comparing system performance under different environmental conditions or geographic locations. It also serves as a reference for researchers in renewable energy system optimization and agricultural water management. The data provide high-resolution, experimentally validated information on the combined effects of solar irradiance, panel inclination, and panel surface temperature on PV water pumping efficiency. Unlike previous studies, it includes detailed quantitative analysis specific to coffee-growing regions in Northern Thailand, along with regression models and visualizations that can guide both experimental replication and predictive modeling under similar climatic and agricultural conditions.

Comparative study of different schemes of a novel solar tower receiver multigeneration system with SCO2 Brayton cycle and ORC

Experimental investigation of a solar photovoltaic-thermophotovoltaic cascade system with concentrating spectrum splitting and reshaping

Ligand-controlled self-organization of 1D ZnSe nanocrystals in a model bulk heterojunction solar cell system

Single input multi output converter based partial shading mitigation in solar photovoltaic systems

A cascaded multi-fidelity LSTM prediction model for solar thermal systems using field-measured observation data and weather prediction data

The global energy crisis presents itself as an ongoing problem which photovoltaic (PV) panels address effectively by converting renewable solar power into electricity. The performance of PV panels suffers from operating temperature increases causing important decreases in electrical efficiency. A reliable cooling system needs implementation to preserve thermal stability along with maximizing energy conversion performance. A laboratory investigation evaluates the implementation of distilled thermoelectric heat sinks aimed at reducing PV panel surface temperatures for better overall performance enhancement. The laboratory experiment used closed-loop cooling with parallel-installed thermoelectric modules below and above PV panels to measure various configuration performances under controlled indoor testing. Tests took place at the college of technical engineering at University of Thi-Qar to identify the best thermal energy (TE) module layout which produced the minimum achievable base temperature of the PV panel. The study conducted a systematic analysis of different cooling setup configurations which helped identify the top performing design that simultaneously reduced energy losses and achieved maximum power output. The study’s findings show that proper positioning of TE modules creates substantial improvements for PV system thermal regulation. The best arrangement yielded substantial temperature reduction alongside enhanced energy efficiency which demonstrated TE-assisted cooling can be an effective solution for future solar power systems.

To analyze the environmental impact of photovoltaic-based air heating systems, the photovoltaic/thermal air heater system (PV/T-AHS), flat plate air heater system (FP-AHS) and electric air heater system (E-AHS) were respectively constructed and tested for building heating. A direct coupling framework that integrates machine learning predictive outputs with life cycle assessment models was presented, the system runtime performance data predicted by machine learning was directly used for the comparative evaluation of the environmental impacts of three solar air heating systems throughout their life cycles. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis was also performed for system lifetime and region. Moreover, economic analysis was used to assess the feasibility of system. The results shown that the convolutional neural network (CNN) model was considered as the optimal model with R2 of 0.99. The average daily heat and electricity prediction of three systems were obtained and applied to LCA analysis based on the optimal CNN model. The LCA results shown that PV/T-AHS demonstrated superior environmental impact compared to FP-AHS and E-AHS, with total environmental impact values of 7.826, 15.9314 and 14.6408 mPt/year, respectively. The annual environmental impact of all three systems consistently decreased with increasing lifetime. Additionally, the payback period of PV/T-AHS was 1.56 years. The results of this study will provide referenceable environmental impacts for practical application of solar air heaters.

Pioneers: Navigating the Human Proteome for the Future of Precision Medicine.

Prohibitively high capital cost of solar thermal desiccant cooling systems for small scale applications remains a barrier to adaptation in high humidity regions. This study provides a comprehensive Monte-Carlo based framework for solar thermal desiccant systems with indirect evaporative cooling (IEC) for residential cooling in tropical climates, focusing on systems with 36,000‒48,000 BTU cooling capacity. The objective of the study is to model cost uncertainty and identify precise cost reduction targets for key components i.e., solar thermal collectors, desiccant materials, IEC units, and phase change material (PCM), are assessed through component cost analysis and sensitivity assessment. The simulation revealed a mean system cost of $2,528.59, significantly lower than the typical capital cost of $5,000‒$10,000 for vapor compression refrigeration systems (VCRs). The analysis demonstrates that targeted cost reductions of 50–75% for major components can make the system cost-competitive with conventional VCR. Our findings suggest that with further advancements, solar thermal desiccant systems can offer a cost-effective, energy-efficient alternative to traditional cooling solutions in tropical regions.

Enhancing the thermal performance of the Trombe Wall is crucial for improving the energy efficiency of passive solar heating systems. This study presents a three-dimensional numerical analysis to investigate the combined effects of internal rib density and geometrical configuration on the thermo-hydrodynamic behavior of a Trombe wall. Using a finite-volume method with laminar flow assumptions based on the Reynolds number, the research is conducted in two sections. First, four rib densities (Nr = 3, 5, 7, and 9) are evaluated using a rectangular rib geometry to identify the best rib number. Subsequently, four innovative designs are compared: rectangular (Model A), semi-circular (Model B), crossed semi-circular (Model C), and spaced semi-circular (Model D) ribs. The findings indicate that while increasing rib count enhances heat transfer through secondary-flow intensification, improvements become marginal beyond Nr = 5 due to excessive flow resistance. At Re = 1600, the Nr = 5 configuration achieves a 68% increase in the average Nusselt number over a smooth channel while maintaining acceptable friction levels. The thermal enhancement factor of case Nr = 5 is the highest in all evaluated Re numbers. Regarding geometry, the model with crossed semi-circular ribs (Model C) provides the maximum thermal enhancement at Re = 1600, with nearly a twofold increase in heat transfer (compared to the smooth channel), albeit at the cost of higher pressure losses. Conversely, the spaced semi-circular ribs case (Model D) achieves the best thermal enhancement factor of 1.51, a 12.7% increase in heat flux, and a lower Poiseuille number. Overall, this study demonstrates that enhanced ribbed configurations can significantly improve Trombe Wall efficiency, with the spaced semi-circular design and five ribs.