Sodium Hyaluronate Eye Drops Research Articles

This study aimed to unveil the impact of optimal pulse technology (OPT) combined with tobramycin and dexamethasone eye ointment on the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and related outcomes in patients with blepharokeratoconjunctivitis (BKC). Ninety-six BKC patients treated at our hospital from September 2022 to September 2023 were divided into a control group (n = 48) and an observation group (n = 48) by a random number table. Both groups received fluorometholone and sodium hyaluronate eye drops. The control group additionally applied tobramycin and dexamethasone eye ointment to the lid margin twice daily, while the observation group underwent OPT on this basis. The clinical efficacy and safety, OSDI, conjunctival hyperemia score, lid margin alteration score, meibomian gland yield secretory score (MGYSS), Demodex mite count, and tear break-up time (TBUT) were compared between the two groups before treatment and at 4 and 8 weeks post-treatment. Additionally, the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (NEIVFQ-25) scores were assessed before and after treatment. The total effective rate in the observation group was 100.00% (48/48) at 8 weeks post-treatment, higher than 89.58% (43/48) in the control group (P < 0.05). The OSDI, conjunctival hyperemia score, lid margin alteration scores, MGYSS, and Demodex mite count all decreased in both groups at 4 and 8 weeks post-treatment compared to baseline, with greater improvements in the observation group(P < 0.05). TBUT and NEIVFQ-25 scores increased in both groups at 8 weeks post-treatment compared to baseline, with the observation group achieving better outcomes than the control group (P < 0.05). The addition of OPT to standard therapy for BKC is safe and provides superior short-term efficacy. It can alleviate lid margin inflammation, improve ocular surface symptoms, and enhance visual-related quality of life.

Ion-activated gellan gum in situ gel for prolonged ocular administration of tofacitinib citrate: An innovative treatment approach for dry eye disease.

This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of autologous serum eye drops (ASEDs) combined with sodium hyaluronate in treating dry eye disease (DED) after phacoemulsification cataract surgery. This retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with DED within 1 week to 1 month after cataract surgery at our hospital (August 2022-July 2023). Patients were divided into a combined group (ASEDs + sodium hyaluronate, n = 48) and a monotherapy group (sodium hyaluronate only, n = 63). Propensity score matching was used to balance baseline characteristics, resulting in 48 patients in each group. Both groups were treated for at least 4 weeks. Clinical indicators, including Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Schirmer I test (SIT), tear breakup time (BUT), fluorescein staining, conjunctival hyperemia, and conjunctival impression cytology, were assessed before and after treatment. After propensity score matching, baseline characteristics were comparable (P > .05). The mean age was 43.83 ± 8.84 years in the combined group and 43.93 ± 8.84 years in the monotherapy group (P = .865), with male proportions of 47.9% and 45.8%, respectively (P = .779). Other variables, including body mass index, disease duration, OSDI, SIT, and BUT, also showed no significant differences. After 4 weeks, the combined group showed significantly greater improvements. OSDI scores decreased to 14.09 ± 4.22 versus 21.50 ± 4.82 (P < .001); SIT increased to 10.23 ± 2.00 mm versus 8.50 ± 1.50 mm (P < .001); BUT extended to 8.18 ± 0.96 seconds versus 6.00 ± 1.00 seconds (P < .001). Fluorescein staining scores reduced to 0.56 ± 0.22 versus 1.86 ± 0.76 (P < .001), with conjunctival hyperemia and conjunctival impression cytology scores also significantly improved in the combined group (P < .001). ASEDs combined with sodium hyaluronate significantly improve both symptoms and ocular surface parameters in post-cataract DED patients, showing superior efficacy over monotherapy and promising clinical value.

To compare the clinical efficacy between penetrating needling of three eye acupoints combined with sodium hyaluronate eye drops and sodium hyaluronate eye drops alone for the treatment of dry eye. A total of 156 patients (312 eyes) with dry eye were randomly assigned to an observation group and a control group, with 78 patients (156 eyes) in each group. The control group was treated with sodium hyaluronate eye drops, one drop per eye, four times daily, for 4 weeks. In addition to the sodium hyaluronate treatment, the observation group received penetrating needling of three eye acupoints. Acupoints included bilateral Cuanzhu (BL2), Sizhukong (TE23), Sibai (ST2), and Jingming (BL1). Needling was performed once daily, four times a week, for 4 weeks. The subjective ocular symptom scores, neuropathic pain symptom inventory-eye (NPSI-Eye) scores, ocular surface disease index (OSDI) scores, corneal fluorescein staining (FL) scores, tear break-up time (BUT), SchirmerⅠtest (SⅠT), central tear meniscus height (TMH), and tear levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were evaluated before and after treatment in the two groups. Clinical efficacy was also compared between the two groups. After treatment, both groups showed significant improvements in subjective ocular symptom scores, NPSI-Eye scores, OSDI scores, FL scores, and reductions in tear IL-6 and TNF-α levels (P<0.01). Additionally, BUT, SⅠT, and TMH were increased significantly in both groups (P<0.01). After treatment, the subjective ocular symptom scores, NPSI-Eye score, OSDI score, FL score, and tear levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05), while BUT, SⅠT, and TMH were significantly improved compared to the control group (P<0.01). The markedly effective rate and total effective rate in the observation group were 83.3% (65/78) and 100.0% (78/78), respectively, which were higher than 52.6% (41/78, P<0.01) and 92.3% (72/78, P<0.05) in the control group. The penetrating needling of three eye acupoints combined with sodium hyaluronate eye drops can effectively alleviate symptoms of dry eye, reduce inflammatory response, and has superior efficacy to sodium hyaluronate eye drops alone.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a common ocular surface disorder. Esculin and digitalis possess anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, which may benefit patients with DED. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of esculin and digitalis glycosides (EAD) eye drops, either alone or in combination with 0.3% sodium hyaluronate (SH) eye drops, in treating DED. In this randomized controlled trial, 78 participants with DED (78 eyes) were included and divided into three groups: Group A received 0.3% SH, Group B received EAD, and Group C received 0.3% SH combined with EAD eye drops for 4 weeks. The efficacy of the treatments was assessed at 2 and 4 weeks using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer I test (SIt), and corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) as primary evaluation metrics. After 4 weeks of treatment, Group A showed a decrease in OSDI and an increase in SIT (p < 0.05). Group B showed a decrease in OSDI score (P < 0.05) and a significant improvement in SIt (P < 0.01). Group C demonstrated a significant increase in both TBUT and SIt values at the 2-week mark. Improvements were noted across all parameters, including OSDI score, TBUT, SIt, and CFS score after 4 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05). The total effective rate for participants in Group C was 88.46%, significantly higher than Group A’s rate of 65.38% (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the combination of EAD eye drops with 0.3% SH eye drops proved more effective than either treatment alone.

Steven-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is characterized by severe illness, rapid progression, and high mortality rates, with the vast majority of cases induced by medications. Botulinum toxin, a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, has not been reported in the literature as a causative agent of SJS. A 56-year-old male patient, who underwent surgery for cerebral hemorrhage, developed widespread patchy annular papules following the injection of botulinum toxin into the masseter muscle. Some lesions exhibited a target-like appearance, and all major organ systems were affected. Consider the delayed SJS induced by the combination of carbamazepine and botulinum toxin. Intravenous administration of methylprednisolone in conjunction with immunoglobulin is indicated. For ocular lesions, topical treatment includes tobramycin-dexamethasone and sodium hyaluronate eye drops; for ulcerated areas, local application of lactulose-iodoquinol is recommended, while non-ulcerated regions should be treated with halometasone ointment topically. The patient has been discharged, and there has been a noticeable improvement in their symptoms. In order to prevent severe adverse reactions, patients using carbamazepine in conjunction with other medications should be vigilant for the early symptoms of serious drug rashes.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical efficacy of rebamipide eyedrops in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) associated with Sjögren’s syndrome.Methods: The study included 50 patients with Sjögren’s syndrome accompanied by MGD treated with 0.05% (w/v) cyclosporine and 0.15% (w/v) sodium hyaluronate eyedrops. They were divided into two groups: 25 who added rebamipide eyedrops to their existing treatments and a control group of 25 whose treatments did not change. We evaluated the tear breakup time, the Schirmer test and conjunctival staining scores, meibomian gland quality and function, and eyelid margin irregularity before prescribing rebamipide eyedrops and 1 and 3 months after prescription. Additionally, before eyedrops use and 3 months later, meibographic scores were assessed via imaging of the meibomian gland and ocular surface disease index values also were assessed.Results: The rebamipide group exhibited significant improvements in the tear breakup time, conjunctival staining score, and ocular surface disease index compared to before treatment (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). However, the Schirmer test result, meibomian gland quality and function, and eyelid margin irregularity did not differ between either groups before or after treatment. After 3 months of eyedrop use, the rebamipide group exhibited a significantly higher tear breakup time (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01) and Schirmer test score (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01) than the control group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.01), and significantly lower ocular surface disease index and conjunctival staining scores (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01).Conclusions: Addition of rebamipide eyedrops to the conventional treatment of patients with Sjögren’s syndrome accompanied by MGD effectively improves dry eye symptoms and the ocular surface parameters.

玻璃酸钠滴眼液及小牛血去蛋白提取物眼用 凝胶在角膜异物剔除术后的应用

BACKGROUND Dry eye syndrome (DES) after diabetic cataract surgery can seriously affect the patient’s quality of life. Therefore, effective alleviation of symptoms in patients with this disease has important clinical significance. AIM To explore the clinical effect of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) plus sodium hyaluronate (SH) eye drops on DES after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 82 patients with diabetes who experienced DES after cataract surgery at Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nankai University between April 2021 and April 2023. They were classified into an observation group (42 cases, rhEGF + SH eye drops) and a control group (40 cases, SH eye drops alone), depending on the different treatment schemes. The thera-peutic efficacy, dry eye symptom score, tear film breakup time (TFBUT), basic tear secretion score [assessed using Schirmer I test (SIt)], corneal fluorescein staining (FL) score, tear inflammatory markers, adverse reactions during treatment, and treatment satisfaction were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Therapeutic efficacy was higher in the observation group compared with the control group. Both groups showed improved TFBUT and dry eye, as well as improved SIt and FL scores after treatment, with a more pronounced improvement in the observation group. Although no marked differences in adverse reactions were observed between the two groups, treatment satisfaction was higher in the observation group. CONCLUSION rhEGF + SH eye drops rendered clinical benefits to patients by effectively ameliorating dry eye and visual impairment with favorable efficacy, fewer adverse reactions, and high safety levels. Thus, this treatment should be promoted in clinical practice.

To compare the effects of 2% rebamipide clear solution and 0.1% sodium hyaluronate eye drops in patients with visual display terminal (VDT)-related dry eye disease (DED). Prospective, randomized, double-blinded Study. This was a prospective, double-blind, and randomized controlled study. Patients with VDT-related DED were randomly allocated to a 2% rebamipide (REB) group or a 0.1% sodium hyaluronate (HYA) group (4 times/day for 4 weeks). The ocular surface disease index (OSDI), dry eye questionnaire-5 (DEQ-5), Placido disk-tear film analyzer, fluorescein-stained tear break-up time (FBUT), ocular surface staining score, and Schirmer 1 test were examined before and after the instillation of drug. A total of 56 eyes of 28 patients (28 eyes of 14 patients in each group) were included. There were no significant differences in the baseline data. The OSDI, DEQ-5, FBUT, and conjunctival erosion scores improved significantly in both groups after treatment. In the REB group, corneal staining and bulbar nasal redness scores also improved significantly after treatment ( P <0.001 and 0.036, respectively), whereas no significant differences were found in these parameters in the HYA group ( P =0.326 and 0.118, respectively). The REB group showed a significantly larger decrease in the corneal staining score than the HYA group ( P =0.016). No adverse reactions were observed. A 2% rebamipide clear solution effectively improved the symptoms and signs in patients with VDT-related DED and was superior to 0.1% sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution in improving corneal epithelial damage, making it a safe and effective treatment option for VDT-related DED.

ABSTRACT Purpose The objective of this study was to illustrate the changes in ocular findings, meibography, and tear break-up time (TBUT) values in pediatric patients with ocular rosacea following a standardized treatment. Methods The study included consecutive patients diagnosed with ocular rosacea, referred to a tertiary hospital between 2021 and 2023. Each patient underwent biomicroscopic examinations, non-invasive TBUT assessments, corneal fluorescein staining (evaluated using the Oxford scoring system), and meibography. The standard treatment protocol involved warm compresses, eyelid hygiene, preservative-free sodium hyaluronate eye drops (administered four times daily), topical azithromycin 1.5% (twice daily for 3 days), topical steroids (loteprednol 0.5%, four times daily for 2 weeks), and either doxycycline 100 mg/day for 14 days or oral suspension of azithromycin 10 mg/kg for 3 days followed by an additional three-day course of treatment administered 10 days later (for patients above and below 14 years of age, respectively). Results The study included 18 patients, with 10 (55.5%) being female and 8 (44.4%) being male, with a mean age of 9.7 ± 4.5 years (range: 3–18). Four patients displayed cutaneous involvement. The treatments resulted in significant improvements in the Oxford scores, reduction in corneal neovascularization, and increased TBUT (p < 0.001, p = 0.016, p < 0.001, respectively). Meibomian gland loss area also significantly improved post-treatment (27.4 ± 6.7% vs 39.2 ± 13.4%, p = 0.001). Conclusion This study demonstrated that pediatric ocular rosacea patients may exhibit improved meibomian gland function, regression of corneal neovascularization, and enhanced tear film parameters following a standardized treatment protocol that includes both topical and systemic approaches.

Abstract&#x0D; Introduction &amp; Objectives : Online learning during COVID pandemic increase medical students’ screen time. Prolonged screen time is known as a risk factor for dry eye. Health problems during online learning such as those induced by dry eye could affect students’ academic performance. This study aim to find the best solution for dry eye in medical student during online learning by comparing three artificial tears eye drops, namely sodium hyaluronate, carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinylpirrolidone.&#x0D; Methods : This is an experimental study with 48 respondents divided into three treatment groups : sodium hyaluronate (SH), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and polyvinylpirrolidone (PVP). Each group consists of 16 respondents. Each respondents use their eyedrops six times daily in both eyes for two weeks. This study use Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire to evaluate dry eye. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, with p&lt;0,05 is considered significant.&#x0D; Results : In SH group, mean OSDI score before treatment were 37,52 and after treatment 13,84 (p=0,001). In CMC group, mean OSDI score before treatment were 35,28 and after treatment 12,54 (p=0,000). In PVP group mean OSDI score before treatment were 38,17 and after treatment 13,15 (p=0,000). No significant differences of OSDI score was found between groups before treatment and after treatment (p=0,237).&#x0D; Conclusion : Sodium hyaluronate, carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinylpirrolidone eye drops could similiary improve dry eye symptoms significantly as measured by OSDI score in medical students during online learning.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and adverse effect of cyclosporine combined with sodiumhyaluronate (SH) eye drops on dry eye syndrome (DES).Methods: 148 patients with DES treated in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group Suqian Hospital,Jiangsu Province, China between January 2022 and February 2023 were randomly assigned to control(70 cases) and study groups (78 cases). Control group was treated with SH eye drop (1 drop each onboth eyes 5 - 6 times a day, for 2 months), while study group was treated with both SH (the samedosage and use with control group) and cyclosporine eye drop (1 - 2 drops each for both eyes, 4 - 6times a day, for two months). Tear film stability indices such as schirmer I test (SIT), tear break-up time(BUT) and corneal fluorescein stain (FL) of both groups were analyzed before and after therapy.Results: There was no significant difference in BUT, SIT and FL score between the two groups beforetreatment. Compared with before treatment, BUT and SIT increased significantly (p &lt; 0.05), while FLscore dropped significantly in both groups after treatment (p &lt; 0.05). After treatment, study groupshowed significantly higher BUT and SIT levels, and significantly lower FL score than control group (p &lt;0.05).Conclusion: The combination of cyclosporine eye drops with SH eye drops is effective in treating DES.This combination regimen protects tear film stability, effectively alleviates DES symptoms, improvesocular surface and meibomian gland function, and also increases lacrimal river height, withoutincreasing adverse reactions. Further studies will be required, to provide more evidence for clinicalapplication of this combination regimen.

This study aimed to compare the efficacy of using a combination of antibiotic and corticosteroid eye drops to using the same combination in addition to sodium hyaluronate eye drops. This study included patients who underwent phacoemulsification for age-related cataract and presented to the ophthalmology department or outpatient clinic of the two hospitals in the study with DED during the period from January 2020 to January 2023. The study involved a two-pronged approach in which we retrospectively analyzed the prospectively maintained data of the patients and prospectively called the patients for an evaluation of the dry eye impact on vision-related function. The study patients were recruited from two hospitals. During the study period, patients who were treated with a combination of antibiotic and corticosteroid eye drops were enrolled in Group A, and those who were treated with the same combination with sodium hyaluronate eye drops were enrolled in Group B. The present study included 143 patients with post-phacoemulsification DED. Group A included 70 patients, and Group B included 73 patients. There was statistically significant improvement 4 weeks after treatment (p < 0.05) in the two groups. Comparing the two groups showed statistically significant improvements in group B compared to group A (p < 0.05). Assessment of the overall efficacy outcome revealed a statistically significant high percentage of cure (35.6% vs 1.4%) and high effectiveness (42.5% vs 13.6%) and a low percentage of effectiveness (21.9% vs 74.3%) and ineffectiveness (0.0% vs 5.7%) in Group B compared to Group A (p < 0.001). Combining sodium hyaluronate eye drops with tobramycin and dexamethasone eye drops yielded obviously better efficacy outcomes compared to using tobramycin and dexamethasone eye drops alone.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of sodium hyaluronate eye drops on tear film stability and tear secretion in patients suffering from rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCL)-associated xerophthalmia.&#x0D; Methods: 88 patients treated at Shangrao Aier Eye Hospital, China with RGPCL-associated xerophthalmia were enrolled in this study from May 2021 to May 2022. They were randomly and equally divided into two groups: a study group (treated with sodium hyaluronate eye drops) and a control group (treated with meibomian gland massage). Tear secretion parameters (lacrimal river width, Schirmer I test (S1t), tear fluid lysozyme content), tear film stability indicators (tear film break-up time, tear film thickness, corneal fluorescein staining score), ocular surface disease index (OSDI), therapeutic effect and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.&#x0D; Results: Following the treatment, study group exhibited significantly improved tear secretion compared to control group (p &lt; 0.05). Similarly, tear film stability indicators significantly improved in study group after treatment, accompanied by a reduction in corneal fluorescein staining score (p &lt; 0.05). Although both groups showed decreased OSDI scores after treatment, the reduction was more substantial in study group. Additionally, the therapeutic effect and incidence of adverse reactions were superior in study group compared to control group.&#x0D; Conclusion: The use of sodium hyaluronate eye drops in the treatment of patients with RGPCL-associated xerophthalmia enhances tear secretion, and improves tear film stability and therapeutic outcomes, leading to a reduction in ocular surface disease index and the incidence of adverse reactions. However, this treatment strategy warrants a large-scale clinical trial prior to application in clinical practice.

To evaluate the effect of 3% diquafosol sodium eye drop on dry eye after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in high-myopic eyes. Eighty-one cases with high myopia (162 eyes) who received FS-LASIK or SMILE were divided into four groups by surgical design and tear film stability: D-FS-LASIK (5s <breakup time [BUT] <10s) and D-SMILE (5s <BUT <10s) were treated with 3% diquafosol sodium and 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops, C-FS-LASIK and C-SMILE (BUT ≥10s) treated with 0.3% sodium hyaluronate. Follow-up points were performed preoperatively and at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively. Schirmer I test, BUT, fluorescein staining, and objective optical quality were measured, and questionnaires were acquired. The D-SMILE group showed increase in BUT postoperatively (1m: P =0.006, 3m: P =0.004), whereas C-FS-LASIK (1m: P =0.012) and C-SMILE (1m: P =0.036) groups showed decrease in BUT. Higher ΔBUT were observed in D-FS-LASIK (1m: P =0.027) and D-SMILE (1m: P =0.001, 3m: P =0.012) postoperatively. The D-FS-LASIK group showed less decrease than C-FS-LASIK group in Schirmer I. The D-SMILE group showed increase in Schirmer I, whereas C-SMILE showed decrease in 3 months. ΔOSDI was lower in D-SMILE group than in C-SMILE group (1m: P =0.026, 3m: P =0.035). Fatigue was severer in D-SMILE group than in C-SMILE group preoperatively ( P =0.019), although there was no significant difference postoperatively. Objective scattering index (1m: P =0.002, 3m: P =0.021) and tear film objective scattering index (1m: P =0.005, 3m: P =0.010) were lower in D-FS-LASIK group than in C-FS-LASIK group postoperatively. The D-FS-LASIK group showed better VA20% ( P =0.036) and VA9% ( P =0.027) than the C-FS-LASIK group 1 month postoperatively. 3% Diquafosol sodium eye drop was effective for SMILE and FS-LASIK-related dry eye in high-myopic eyes. It is necessary to focus on perioperative anti-dry eye management and especially pay attention to the eyes with risk factors, including unstable tear film, high myopia, and FS-LASIK surgery.

This study investigated short-term changes in tear osmolarity of dry eye patients after using artificial tears containing sodium hyaluronate (SH) at different osmolarities. It comprised 80 patients with dry eye whose tear osmolarity measurement using the TearLab osmolarity system was 300 mOsm/L or greater. Patients who had external ocular disease, glaucoma, or other concomitant ocular pathology were excluded. After being randomly divided into four groups, the participants received different kinds of SH eye drops as follows: Groups 1–3 were given one of three concentrations (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.3%) of isotonic drops, while Group 4 received 0.18% hypotonic SH eye drops. The tear osmolarity concentrations were evaluated at baseline and again at 1-, 5-, and 10-min after instillation of each eye drop. Tear osmolarity showed a significant decrease after instillation of four types of SH eye drops after up to 10 min compared to baseline. Patients who received hypotonic SH eye drops showed an enhanced decrease in tear osmolarity compared with the isotonic SH eye drops after 1 min (p < 0.001) and 5 min (p = 0.006), but the difference was not significant at 10 min (p = 0.836). The enhanced immediate effect of hypotonic SH eye drops at lowering tear osmolarity in patients with dry eye seems to be limited unless these drops were used frequently.

1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid from Pseudognaphalium affine ameliorates dry eye disease via suppression of inflammation and protection of the ocular surface

To evaluate the effect of dexpanthenol 2%/sodium hyaluronate 0.15% eye drops on corneal epithelial healing and corneal microstructural changes following corneal cross-linking (CXL) in patients with keratoconus. The study included 42 eyes of 21 patients with keratoconus who underwent CXL on both eyes. One eye of each patient was instilled dexpanthenol 2%/sodium hyaluronate 0.15% eye drops (DP/SH group) and the fellow eye was instilled unpreserved sodium hyaluronate 0.15% eye drops (SH group). The epithelial healing process was assessed every day until complete reepithelialization was achieved. The in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) findings were also recorded. The mean epithelial defect size 48.6 ± 6.7 mm2 for the DP/SH group and 48.2 ± 5.3 mm2 for the SH group. Complete reepithelialization was seen after 2.24 ± 0.44days (range 2-4days) in the DP/SH group and 3.43 ± 0.60days (3 to 5days) in the SH group. Posterior keratocyte density and endothelial cell density were similar in both groups. The mean subbasal nerve plexus density was significantly higher in the DP/SH group (postoperative 1month: 1.13 ± 1.51, 3months: 3.53 ± 2.55, 6months: 7.07 ± 1.42) compared to the SH group (postoperative 1month: 0.87 ± 1.43, 3months: 2.89 ± 2.62, 6months 6.33 ± 1.29). The DP/SH group revealed faster subbasal nerve regeneration and less edema compared to the SH group. Dexpanthenol 2%/sodium hyaluronate 0.15% eye drops were effective and safe for corneal epithelial healing, and promoted faster corneal reepithelialization, nerve regeneration, and keratocyte repopulation with reduced corneal edema compared to sodium hyaluronate eye drops.

Shalakyatantra is one of the branch from the eight part which is concern with the management of disease affecting the regions of the body above the clavicles i.e. Ear, eyes the oral and the Nasal cavities etc. Shushkaakshipaka is vata pitta pradhan sarvagatavyadhi. It can be co-related with dry eye syndrome in modern aspect. Modern science has lacuna in complete curative management of disease. Ancient Ayurved texts e.g., Brihatrayees and Laghutrayees explained ample of therapies regarding management of Shushkaakshipaka. Dry eye syndrome is group of symptoms which includes ocular irritation, redness, tenderness, and dryness. yashtimadhu ghrita is vatapittaghna, chakshushya and having properties of snigdha guna so use of yashtimadhu ghrita tarpana will be beneficial in the management of shushkaakshipaak.&#x0D; Aim: Comparative clinical study of Yashtimadhu Ghrita Tarpan and Sodium Hyaluronate (0.1%) Eye Drop in the management of Shushkakshipaka with special reference to Dry Eye Syndrome. Materials and Method: A total 70 patients of the age group 18-80 years presenting with signs and symptoms of Shushkaakshipaak w.s.r to Dry eye syndrome were selected randomly from OPD of the department of Shalakyatantra. The 35 patients of trial group were treated with Yashtimadhu Ghrita Tarpan and 35 patients of control group were subjected to Sodium Hyaluronate (0.1%) Eye Drop. Results: Yashtimadhu Ghrita Tarpan is more effective as compared to Sodium Hyaluronate (0.1%) Eye Drop. Trial drug provided more relief in most of the symptoms of shushkakshipaka. Conclusion: Yashtimadhu Ghrita Tarpan is an effective, safe and potent treatment of shushkakshipaka w.s.r. to Dry Eye Syndrome.&#x0D; Keywords: Shushkakshipaka, Dry eye syndrome, Yashtimadhu ghrita tarpana, Sodium Hyaluronate (0.1%).