Sociopragmatic Approach Research Articles

DIRECTIVE UTTERANCES OF VERTICAL RELATIONSHIPS IN THE ANIME 'KAZE TACHINU'

This study aimed at describing the directive utterances as well as the grammatical markers of the utterances in the conversations with vertical relations in the anime entitled Kaze Tachinu. This study used Searle's (1979) theory of directive speech acts and employed a descriptive-qualitative method. It also utilized sociopragmatic approach as an additional perspective in the analysis. The result shows that various forms of directive utterances are spoken by characters who have higher social status towards the others from the lower ones. In total, there are 48 directive utterances found for both direct and indirect categories. Meirei (command) dominates with 40 utterances and is followed by irai (request) kinshi (prohibition), kanyuu (invitation) and adobaisu(advice), each of which has two utterances.

Kesantunan Berbahasa Grup WhatsApp Nasab Mbah Dayat: Perspektif Usia dan Jenis Kelamin

In the communication process, there are aspects that need to be considered, including the politeness of the language used. Theoretically, this research employs a sociopragmatic approach, while methodologically, it utilizes a descriptive approach. This type of research is qualitative in nature. The data source for this study consists of the speech of group members. The instrument used in this research is the researcher themselves, equipped with data tabulation. The data collection technique employed in this study is note-taking, divided into several stages. The collected data is then analyzed descriptively. Data triangulation is chosen to test the authenticity of the data discovered during the research process. The findings include 24 maxims of sympathy, 9 maxims of agreement, 7 maxims of wisdom, 7 maxims of appreciation, 5 maxims of simplicity, and 1 maxim of generosity. Meanwhile, age-influenced speech data amounted to 18, and gender-influenced data amounted to 31. The findings are predominantly in Javanese language as all members are from the same region, namely Java. However, Indonesian language data was also found. From the research results, it can be concluded that the speech in the WhatsApp group "Nasab Mbah Dayat" has paid attention to politeness in its usage.

Language variation in the Instagram discourse of Indonesian Papuan dialect

The language variations and substance of Papuan millennials' speech on the Instagram platform are unique. The choice of language used reflects the fact of speaking Indonesian with a distinctive Papuan dialect. This study aims to describe language variation in Papuan dialect Indonesian instragram discourse. This research is categorized as qualitative-descriptive research with a socio-pragmatic approach. The study data are words, idioms, terms, and quoted sentences as well as features of Papuan millennials' Instagram discourse. The data is sourced from the Igers' accounts which are taken purposively and representatively. The researcher acts as an observer (silent reader /host follower). The data is analyzed inductively through the process of description, interpretation, and explanation. The research findings show that the orientation of language choices made by Papuan dialectal Indonesian Instagram account owners leads to four (4) patterns of language variation, namely: (1) patterns of Papuan dialectal Indonesian (IDP); (2) patterns of Indonesian (IL); (3) patterns of code-switching of Papuan dialectal Indonesian-Foreign Language (IDP"FL); (4) patterns of code-mixing of Papuan dialectal Indonesian and foreign languages (IDP↔FL). The results of this study illustrate that there is a variety of Papuan dialectal Indonesian (IDP) among young Papuans on social media. With these findings, people can find out about the context of language use in society, especially on Instagram. The findings of this study also strengthen the view that language is a cultural product that cannot be separated from its social context.

Tindak Tutur Direktif Pada Kumpulan Cerpen Rokat Tase Karya Muna Masyari

The aim of this research is to describe and analyze the form of directive speech acts and the background of the speech in the short story collection Rokat Tase by Muna Masyari. This research is a type of qualitative research. The approach used is a sociopragmatic approach. The data collection techniques used are listening techniques and note-taking techniques. The instrument used is a data card for the classification of forms of directive speech acts. The analysis technique used is descriptive analysis technique. Presentation of the results of data analysis is carried out informally. The forms of directive speech acts found were (9) directive speech acts of giving advice, (31) directive speech acts of commands, (8) directive speech acts of requests, (3) directive speech acts of ordering, and () directive speech acts of criticism. Meanwhile, the background causes of speech are influenced by physical environmental factors, social influences, culture, social status, social relationships and work. This research can have implications for literature learning at junior high school level.

Address terms by Singapore Chinese in a multilingual context

Address terms in the Chinese context have been examined by many researchers. This paper examines address terms used by ethnic Chinese people in the multilingual context of Singapore. This study uses a sociopragmatic approach to gain a broader understanding of how the ethnic Chinese population in Singapore chooses between different languages and terms of address in different settings. It seeks to understand the underlying factors that affect one’s decision given the complex linguistic environment. The findings show that there is a diglossia situation in Singapore – a distinction between formal and informal settings (Keshavarz, 2001). In formal settings, only English and Mandarin are used, while southern Chinese dialects are used in informal settings such as with family, friends or in coffee shops. Other factors that affect terms of address include Confucian ethics of showing respect for one’s elders and people of higher positions and status as seen in Gu (1990), and in gaining favour with addressees such as sellers appealing to their customers (Liu, 2009).

The Genre of a Grant Proposal in the Modern Teaching Context: Challenges and Possibilities

Nowadays attaining a grant is a criterion of success for an early-career researcher and an important indicator of effective work of a university as a research-based and corporate institution. During its thirty-year history in Russia, grants have become a traditional and even routine practice for every Russian PhD student and an early-career researcher. Like their international colleagues, Russian researchers often don’t get sufficient support from their scientific advisor and an academic writing expert. A few attempts to improve current situation have been made in a number of research universities. One of such cases is a course “Grant Writing” that has been recently implemented in the English-language writing-intensive program of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. The complex aim or the paper can be explained by the multidimensional nature of a grant. After characterizing a grant proposal as an up-to-date text genre in the international and interdisciplinary context in the framework of Genre Field Analysis, we consider the full process of applying for a grant in real-life environment and classroom settings. Finally, in the lens of Critical Genre Analysis, the qualitative analysis of the introductory sections of Russian grant proposals is conducted. The modern genre theory gives the basis for using a combination of methods in our research. In the lens of Genre Field Analysis, the sociopragmatic approach to the grant proposal provides an opportunity to get acquainted with the modern practices of applying for a grant, while Critical Genre Analysis may contribute to the deeper understanding of the text production mechanisms. The synthesis of theory and practice and its role could be seen in the qualitative analysis of grant proposals written by PhD students, attendees of the course “Grant Writing” at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. The findings give evidence for insufficient disciplinary expertise and substitution of one genre – a grant proposal – by another one, more familiar for Russian students, – a research paper and an abstract. The obtained results testify in favor of the implementation of the course “Grant Writing” as well as other genre-based courses deeply rooted in the cross-disciplinary context and aimed at developing the researcher competence.

The simile and metaphor in translation of Yemeni spoken Arabic common names of animals and supernatural creatures into English: A socio-pragmatic approach

The simile and metaphor in translation of Yemeni spoken Arabic common names of animals and supernatural creatures into English: A socio-pragmatic approach

Acts of Complaining as Realized by COVID-19 Survivors in Indonesia: A Gender Perspective

Background: 
 The increase in Covid-19 patients in Kediri City has had a significant influence on a variety of areas, including health services in the hospitals. This paper explicates an overview of how Covid-19 patients complain about health services in hospitals.
 Methodology: 
 The present study employed qualitative design using sociopragmatics approach. Data was collected from 31 informants of different genders. The data analysis used Trosborg’s theory.
 Findings: 
 The results show that in Situation 1 (Medical Ward), both female and male patients have similarities in the use of speech act of complaining using annoyance by 37% of female and 36% of male patients, while in Situation 2 (Healthcare Services), there are differences in the use of the complaining strategy across gender. Women tend to use the ill consequences strategy (29%), while men used the annoyance strategy (34%). While the pattern of similarity in the speech act of complaining used across genders shows that the hint strategy (1%) was used by both genders as seen in Situation 2.
 Conclusion: 
 To sum up, the difference in gender is not always a determining factor or benchmark in determining something including language use, it all depends on the individual's character in responding to something. Women can no longer be considered "super polite" compared to men, because in certain conditions women can be rougher than men, and vice versa.
 Originality: 
 If the complaints of Covid-19 survivors about health services in hospitals are not revealed, then the public will never know the real conditions in the field. Without intending to diminish the importance of other determining factors and reduce the performance of healthcare workers as a result of their efforts in service, the less optimal service provided by healthcare workers to patients occurs because there is an imbalance between the needs of the survivors and the capacity of healthcare workers to meet those needs.

A semiotic study on lipstick L’oreal Paris product poster advertisement

Beauty products advertisements concern the scholars because they use the term women empowerment only to increase their profit without caring what happen to women struggle to defend their own rights in society. The third-wave feminism which more closely to define the beauty in diversity make scholars worried that this will misinterpret to prioritize male gaze rather than women empowerment. For this reason, this research aims to investigate the stereotype of women and how women empowerment were presented in L’Oreal Paris lipstick products advertised instagram. This research applies socio-pragmatic approach to semiotics because this study use social semiotics from Kress and van Leeuwen and pragmatism perspective from Peirce. The data of this research were collected from @lorealparis instagram posts which were related only on lipstick products. The data chosen purposively were collected and analyzed using four steps from Bezemer and Jewitt: collecting and logging, viewing, sampling, transcribing and analyzing. The result of this study shows that icon, index and symbol in the data represent women stereotypically as professional women, sexually powerful, and object of beauty which makes them looks equal and confidence regardless of their skin color and body size. This research also shows that @lorealparis lipstick product advertisement has empowered women to use their attractiveness as the power to conquer obstacles and injustice.Keywords: semiotic, advertisement poster, L'Oreal Paris lipstick products, women empowermentBeauty products advertisements concern the scholars because they use the term women empowerment only to increase their profit without caring what happen to women struggle to defend their own rights in society. The third-wave feminism which more closely to define the beauty in diversity make scholars worried that this will misinterpret to prioritize male gaze rather than women empowerment. For this reason, this research aims to investigate the stereotype of women and how women empowerment were presented in L’Oreal Paris lipstick products advertised instagram. This research applies socio-pragmatic approach to semiotics because this study use social semiotics from Kress and van Leeuwen and pragmatism perspective from Peirce. The data of this research were collected from @lorealparis instagram posts which were related only on lipstick products. The data chosen purposively were collected and analyzed using four steps from Bezemer and Jewitt: collecting and logging, viewing, sampling, transcribing and analyzing. The result of this study shows that icon, index and symbol in the data represent women stereotypically as professional women, sexually powerful, and object of beauty which makes them looks equal and confidence regardless of their skin color and body size. This research also shows that @lorealparis lipstick product advertisement has empowered women to use their attractiveness as the power to conquer obstacles and injustice.Keywords: semiotic, advertisement poster, L'Oreal Paris lipstick products, women empowerment

Linguistic Etiquette of Serving Food in Local Wisdom of Indonesia’s Manjau Maju Lampung Tribe Society

This study aimed to identify linguistic etiquette for serving food at manjau maju events by reviewing speech rules, such as what matters are discussed, how to talk about serving food, when it is someone’s turn to speak, when to be silent, what variety of languages are used, who the speaker is, and to whom the conversation was addressed. The study used a sociopragmatic approach. The results of the study show that to serve food (kekuk), the speaker must comply with the stages of speech, namely knowing the customary title (adok) their speech partner bears, asking permission to serve food, and inviting the speech partner to enjoy the food. In addition to the stages, the contents of the speech are also conveyed through linguistic elements that have signs of politeness and a variety of local people’s refined language. The speaker who asks permission to serve food is an unmarried man. Meanwhile, those who accept the conversation are women who can speak according to the rules of the local community and generally hold the old customary title (adok tuha). These findings complement the existing body of linguistic etiquette literature.

Концептуализация эмоций в дискурсе: прагматика читательского интереса

The paper adopts a sociopragmatic approach to the study of emotion processes and investigates discursive traits of the reader’s interest. The field of written popularization was examined to establish how it conceptualizes the reader’s interest through discourse structures. The text materials were obtained experimentally. They consist of 104 pairs of expository text; each of the pairs includes a text published in an academic source and a popular science text created by the participant for provoking the reader’s interest. The comparative methods of empirical discourse analysis are used to identify and describe popularisation strategies. The results show that participants employed four strategies to transform academic texts: reduction N = 94), simplification (N = 81), contextualization (N = 58), and concrete elaboration (N = 17). The strategies tend to present the most significant text ideas, reduce reader’s efforts for processing, and introduce the reader into the discourse-world. The findings suggest that the strategies aim to enhance the optimal relevance and conceptualize reader’s interest through the communicative dimension of relevance.

A Socio-Pragmatic Study of Politeness Strategies and Social Contexts in Joker Movie

<p>This research targets a holistic investigation of the types of politeness strategies performed by the characters in <em>Joker </em>movie along with their social contexts. It further aims to find the influences of movie stages (orientation, complication, evaluation, resolution) and social factors (power, social distance) to the use of politeness strategies by the characters of the movie. This study utilized a socio-pragmatics approach to investigate the social contexts and a theoretical framework proposed by Brown and Levinson (1978) to identify politeness strategies in the movie.</p><p> This research was upheld using descriptive qualitative research which is underpinned by four major stages of analysis by Santosa’s (2021) model, in combination with Spreadly (1980), and Miles and Huberman (1996) ranging from domain, taxonomy, componential, and cultural theme analysis. The data of this research are taken from the dialogues that contained politeness strategies performed by the characters. The data sources come from the stages of <em>Joker </em>movie ranging from the orientation, complication, evaluation, and resolution.</p>

Discourse of Littering Prohibition in Indonesia

This article deals with discourses of littering prohibition signs found in various places in Indonesia, focusing on three main issues, i.e., discourse structures, pragmatic strategies, and sociocultural factors which might influence that structure and strategy. Using data collected from websites and those found in Yogyakarta Special Regency, with a socio-pragmatics approach, the research finds that littering prohibition signs are constructed by various kinds of discourse type whose complexities are formed by the sentence types and the number of sentences constructing by them. Regarding the pragmatic strategies, the signs can be delivered using non-explicit, direct, indirect, expressed, implied, literal and nonliteral strategy. Subsequently, those structures and strategies are influenced by sociocultural factors associated with the interlocutors, such as emotional condition, religious and cultural belief, education, the formality of interaction, place and time, ethnicity, age, medium of transmission, cultural entity, and political factor. Keywords: Discourse, prohibition, strategy, and socio-pragmatics.

Discourse of Littering Prohibition in Indonesia

This article deals with discourses of littering prohibition signs found in various places in Indonesia, focusing on three main issues, i.e., discourse structures, pragmatic strategies, and sociocultural factors which might influence that structure and strategy. Using data collected from websites and those found in Yogyakarta Special Regency, with a socio-pragmatics approach, the research finds that littering prohibition signs are constructed by various kinds of discourse type whose complexities are formed by the sentence types and the number of sentences constructing by them. Regarding the pragmatic strategies, the signs can be delivered using non-explicit, direct, indirect, expressed, implied, literal and nonliteral strategy. Subsequently, those structures and strategies are influenced by sociocultural factors associated with the interlocutors, such as emotional condition, religious and cultural belief, education, the formality of interaction, place and time, ethnicity, age, medium of transmission, cultural entity, and political factor. Keywords: Discourse, prohibition, strategy, and socio-pragmatics.

Strategy of kinship terms as a politeness model in maintaining social interaction: local values towards global harmony

Current research on kinship terms shows that variants of kinship terms used in the Bugis speech community interactional discourse show the difference in social status between speakers and listeners. However, only few studies have investigated the role of kinship terms, especially in promoting social harmony. This study aims to find the kinship terms of the Bugis speech community that are dominantly used in interaction, to identify the role of the kinship terms in creating unity and showing identity. This study focuses on the speaker's utterances toward the listener based on their power and solidarity. There were 120 native speakers who lived in Barru and Pinrang regencies participated in this study. The participants were classified into three age groups: 11–21, 22–43, and 44–65. The data collection was carried out using the Discourse Completion Tests (DCT). The DCT consists of five contexts that required participants to provide written utterances for two requests, one invitation, one suggestion, and one rebuking. Each of the context described the speaker's statement to older, coeval, and younger listeners with familiar or unfamiliar social distances. Data analysis used the AntConc 3.5.8 program whereas the interpretation used a sociopragmatic approach. The result shows that (1) There are five kinship and two address terms that are often used to extend the social interaction, namely: a) Ndi, b) Daéng, c) Sappo, d) Emma, e) Sillessureng, then the address terms Puang, and Silong. (2) Bugis speech communities achieve harmony and define self-identity through the strategy of choosing and placing the kinshp terms in their utterances. 3) The use of kinship terms based on the power and solidarity of speakers and listeners show the characteristic behaviour of Sipakatau, Siri na Pesse, and collectivity as Bugis identities. In conclusion, these findings help better understand the function and role of kinship terms in promoting social harmony and need significant support in the context of local language teaching and learning.

THE PHENOMENON OF LANGUAGE ON STREETS BANNERS DURING RAMADAN AND EID AL FITR: SPEECH ACT STUDY

Language is a part of the human life as a mean for communication. Related to the function of language, this paper reveals one of the phenomena of language that arises in a society as a social phenomenon. The phenomenon is in the form of utterances on street banners during the fasting period of Ramadan and the Eid al-Fitr in Yogyakarta. Those utterances are discourse forms with certain meaning and purpose which are realized in speech acts. This study uses a sociopragmatic approach to explain the purpose of utterances written on the street banners, especially speech act theory. The speech acts are seen in their locution and illocution. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method that is descriptive analysis. The step taken in this method is to describe the facts found, which are then followed by data analysis. This study found several types of speech acts that purpose to educate the public in traffic and the matter of worship during Ramadan until the Eid Al-Fitr. Those speech acts are congratulation, appeal, order, remind, and announce/inform.

Strategies in Expressing Gratitude Performed by English Department Students in 5 th th and 7 Semester of Different Gender: A Socio-Pragmatics Approach

In this study, the researcher focuses on the analysis of the strategies in expressing gratitude performed by English Department students in 5<sup>th</sup> and 7<sup>th</sup> semester of different gender. The objectives of this study are (1) identifying the contexts, types, and functions that influence gratitude expression uttered by the 5<sup>th</sup> and 7<sup>th</sup> semester of English Department students based on gender differences, (2) analyzing and discovering the language pattern in gratitude expression used by the 5<sup>th</sup> and 7<sup>th</sup> semesters of English Department students based on gender differences. The researcher used a descriptive-qualitative method and employed Spradley’s analysis method in collecting and analyzing the data which includes domain, taxonomic, componential and cultural context analysis. The source of data is in the form of participants; the students of 5<sup>th</sup> and 7<sup>th</sup> semester in English Department whereas the data were taken from responses in the form of utterances in DCT answered by the participants. Throughout the taxonomic analysis, the data were classified into Cheng’s taxonomy (2005) of gratitude strategies.

Strategies Of Responding To Praise Used By Hasanuddin University Students: Sociopragmatic Analysis

This study aims to analyze the strategies for responding to praise used by Hasanuddin University students. This research is a qualitative research using descriptive method and the approach used in this research is a socio pragmatic approach. The data from this study were obtained from questionnaires distributed by researchers. After the data was obtained, the researcher analyzed the answers from the respondents using 12 praise response strategies according to Holmes, after which they were linked to the theory of praise indicators from Golato. The results in this study, namely the respondents in this study tend to accept the praise given and the most widely used praise response strategy is Strategy 1, namely Appreciation Token, Strategy 2 is Comment Acceptance and Strategy 3 is Praise Upgrade. Between the three ethnic backgrounds (Makassar, Bugis and Toraja) and the two sex groups (Male and Female), there was no significant difference in the choice of strategies to receive praise (Use of strategies 1, 2 and 3). Among the three categories of familiarity level, respondents tend to receive praise and use Strategy 1 (Appreciation Token) the most when meeting foreigners compared to using strategy 2 or strategy 3 where both of these strategies are used quite a lot (besides strategy 1) to provide an acceptance response a compliment delivered by a friend or friend

Strategies Of Responding To Praise Used By Hasanuddin University Students: Sociopragmatic Analysis

This study aims to analyze the strategies for responding to praise used by Hasanuddin University students. This research is a qualitative research using descriptive method and the approach used in this research is a socio pragmatic approach. The data from this study were obtained from questionnaires distributed by researchers. After the data was obtained, the researcher analyzed the answers from the respondents using 12 praise response strategies according to Holmes, after which they were linked to the theory of praise indicators from Golato. The results in this study, namely the respondents in this study tend to accept the praise given and the most widely used praise response strategy is Strategy 1, namely Appreciation Token, Strategy 2 is Comment Acceptance and Strategy 3 is Praise Upgrade. Between the three ethnic backgrounds (Makassar, Bugis and Toraja) and the two sex groups (Male and Female), there was no significant difference in the choice of strategies to receive praise (Use of strategies 1, 2 and 3). Among the three categories of familiarity level, respondents tend to receive praise and use Strategy 1 (Appreciation Token) the most when meeting foreigners compared to using strategy 2 or strategy 3 where both of these strategies are used quite a lot (besides strategy 1) to provide an acceptance response a compliment delivered by a friend or friend

ФУНКЦИИ ВОПРОСОВ В УЧЕБНОМ ТЕКСТЕ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ ШКОЛЬНЫХ УЧЕБНИКОВ)

The article adopts a sociopragmatic approach to the study of expository text and considers it as a mode of educational interaction. The purpose of the study is to provide a sociopragmatic investigation of interrogative mood in expository texts. The material of the study is (Russian) expository texts from secondary school textbooks in Biology, Geography, History, Russian Language, Social Sciences, and Physics. By making the discourse analysis of text material and by drawing heavily on Relevance theory, the author illuminates five types of questions the textbooks include: expository questions, speculative questions, guess questions, exam questions, and rhetorical questions. The article describes four educational functions of interrogative mood in expository texts: increasing text-based interest, unfolding problem-based exposition, text structuring, and knowledge-building.