Social Search Research Articles

Recruiting Hay to Find Needles: Recursive Incentives and Innovation in Social Networks

Finding innovative solutions to complex problems is often about finding people who have access to novel information and alternative viewpoints. Research has found that most people are connected to each other through just a few degrees of separation, but successful social search is often difficult because it depends on people using their weak ties to make connections to distant social networks. Recursive incentive schemes have shown promise for social search by motivating people to use their weak ties to find distant targets, such as specific people or even weather balloons placed at undisclosed locations. Here, we report on a case study of a similar recursive incentive scheme for finding innovative ideas. Specifically, we implemented a competition to reward individual(s) who helped refer Grand Prize winner(s) in MIT’s Climate CoLab, an open innovation platform for addressing global climate change. Using data on over 78,000 CoLab members and over 36,000 people from over 100 countries who engaged with the referral contest, we find that people who are referred using this method are more likely than others both to submit proposals and to submit high quality proposals. Furthermore, we find suggestive evidence that among the contributors referred via the contest, those who had more than one degree of separation from a pre-existing CoLab member were more likely to submit high quality proposals. Thus, the results from this case study are consistent with the theory that people from distant networks are more likely to provide innovative solutions to complex problems. More broadly, the results suggest that rewarding indirect intermediaries in addition to final finders may promote effective social network recruitment.

Fast outlier removing method for point cloud of microscopic 3D measurement based on social circle.

Measurement outliers are easily caused by illumination, surface texture, human factors and so on during the process of microscopic topography measurement. These numerous cloud point noise will heavily affect instrument measurement accuracy and surface reconstruction quality. We propose a quick and accurate method for removing outliers based on social circle algorithm. First, the gaussian kernel function is used to calculate the voting value to determine the social circle's initial point, and then select the appropriate social circle radius and search window based on the initial point, and finally expand the social circle through an iterative method. Points which are not in the social circle can be considered as outliers and filtered out. The experimental results show the good performance of the algorithm with comparison to the existing filtering methods. The developed method has great potential in microscopic topography reconstruction, fitting and other point cloud processing tasks.

The impact of social media on consumer awareness towards buying copy brand

This study was based in Jordan to investigate the benefits that the social media offers and to explore how consumers access, process, and use the information of the social media, especially Facebook and YouTube. The paper used a quantitative method and an SEM-PLS technique for validating the findings and testing the theory's constructs. Notably, the research was based on a behavioural model known as the theory of reasoned action. The main outcomes show that attitude and subjective norm have positive significant relationships with the consumer's intention to use the social media search for information about a given brand. The search creates brand awareness, which also significantly correlates to the intention to buy. In sum, the social media has enhanced socialisation and social e-commerce.

The Effects of Social Media Advertising on Social Search in China: Evidence from Luxury Brand

This study examines the relationship between social media advertisement and customer interest in the context of luxury brands. Further, this study investigates the effective ways to utilize visual types (pictorial advertisement and video advertisement) and contents types (website link and hash-tag) in social media advertising by proposing a time-series model to estimate the long-term effect of social media advertising on social search. We find that the pictorial advertisements are more effective than video advertisements, which provides a different result from previous existing research. In addition, advertisements using hashtags are more effective than web links due to efficiency of the search feature. Finally, since the number of brand fans also have a positive effect on advertising interest, it is essential to utilize social media advertising for the enhancement of customers’ interests. Confirming that the effectiveness of social media advertising varies depending on how the visual contents and text are presented, this research can help marketing managers to assess predicted outcomes of using various methods of social media advertising.

The Effects of Social Media Advertising on Social Search in China: Evidence from Luxury Brand

This study examines the relationship between social media advertisement and customer interest in the context of luxury brands. Further, this study investigates the effective ways to utilize visual types (pictorial advertisement and video advertisement) and contents types (website link and hash-tag) in social media advertising by proposing a time-series model to estimate the long-term effect of social media advertising on social search. We find that the pictorial advertisements are more effective than video advertisements, which provides a different result from previous existing research. In addition, advertisements using hashtags are more effective than web links due to efficiency of the search feature. Finally, since the number of brand fans also have a positive effect on advertising interest, it is essential to utilize social media advertising for the enhancement of customers’ interests. Confirming that the effectiveness of social media advertising varies depending on how the visual contents and text are presented, this research can help marketing managers to assess predicted outcomes of using various methods of social media advertising.

Defending the media from itself: Reforming media regulations to minimise the impact of misinformation

This article argues that media regulations on correcting incorrect articles are in dire need of reform due to technological and behavioural changes. By using case studies from the UK, the authors demonstrate the huge difference between the number of people who were reached by the original article before the Independent Press Standards Organisation (the regulator in the UK) ruled it incorrect and the number reached by the correction or corrected article. The authors argue that media regulations must be reformed to ensure that corrections reach the same people as the original incorrect article to avoid misinformation impacting peoples’ decision-making, and that reforms must include social media platforms and search engines.

Air pollution emissions control using shuffled frog leaping algorithm

Shuffled frog leaping (SFL) algorithm is a recently introduced metaheuristic which mimics the foraging process of frogs. SFL performs exploration as well as exploitation. In SFL algorithm the colony of frogs is divided into several memeplexes. In each memeplexes frog perform independent social cooperative local search and in later stages this information is shared among memeplexes. The process of sharing the information is shuffling process. SFL has been successfully applied to solve various real world optimization problems. In the present study SFL algorithm is implemented on a very interesting and challenging issue of optimization of Air pollution emissions using different control technologies. The nature of the problem is mixed integer linear programming problem. To further validate the efficacy of the algorithm shipping problem is also solved. The simulated results demonstrate the effectiveness of SFL algorithm.

Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin stresle başetme durumları ve madde kullanım öykülerinin belirlenmesi

Amaç: Tanımlayıcı olan bu çalışmanın amacı hemşirelik öğrencilerinin stresle başetme durumları ve madde kullanım öykülerinin belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve yöntem: Araştırmanın evreni ve örneklemini bir sağlık bilimleri fakültesi hemşirelik bölümünde öğrenim gören araştırmaya katılmak isteyen 371 hemşirelik öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen anket formu, Stresle Başetme Tarzları Ölçeği ile ölçülmüştür. Analiz için SPSS 15.0 istatistik programıyla Sayı, Yüzdelik, Student t Testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmadakilerin yaş ortalaması 20.59±1.89’dur. Öğrencilerin %79,2’si kadın, %34,5’i 1. sınıf, %25,1’i 2. sınıf, %16,4’ü 3. sınıf, %24,0’ü 4. sınıftır. Büyük çoğunluğu (%82,7) aile içi ve kendisinin çevre ile olan iletişimini (%83) iyi olarak belirtmişlerdir. Çalışmaya alınanların %42,3’ü okul ortamındaki stresin sınavlar, dersler ve ders işleme şeklinden kaynaklandığını bildirmişlerdir. Öğrencilerin büyük bir çoğunluğunun (%99,5) sigara ve alkol dışında herhangi bir bağımlılık yapıcı madde kullanmadıkları, %81,7’sinin şu anda sigara ve %83,0’ünün alkol kullanmadıkları belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin stresle baş etme tarzları ölçeği alt boyut puanları; kendine güvenli yaklaşım 12,61 ±4,01, iyimser yaklaşım 8,38 ±2,87, kendine güvensiz/çaresiz yaklaşım 11,95±4,55, boyun eğici yaklaşım 6,68±3,42 ve sosyal destek arama 7,02±1,90’dır. Sonuç: Çalışmaya alınanların kendine güvenli yaklaşım, ardından kendine güvensiz/çaresiz yaklaşım alt boyutunu sık kullandıkları saptanmıştır.

A Roadmap to User-Controllable Social Exploratory Search

Information-seeking tasks with learning or investigative purposes are usually referred to as exploratory search. Exploratory search unfolds as a dynamic process where the user, amidst navigation, trial and error, and on-the-fly selections, gathers and organizes information (resources). A range of innovative interfaces with increased user control has been developed to support the exploratory search process. In this work, we present our attempt to increase the power of exploratory search interfaces by using ideas of social search—for instance, leveraging information left by past users of information systems. Social search technologies are highly popular today, especially for improving ranking. However, current approaches to social ranking do not allow users to decide to what extent social information should be taken into account for result ranking. This article presents an interface that integrates social search functionality into an exploratory search system in a user-controlled way that is consistent with the nature of exploratory search. The interface incorporates control features that allow the user to (i) express information needs by selecting keywords and (ii) to express preferences for incorporating social wisdom based on tag matching and user similarity. The interface promotes search transparency through color-coded stacked bars and rich tooltips. This work presents the full series of evaluations conducted to, first, assess the value of the social models in contexts independent to the user interface, in terms of objective and perceived accuracy. Then, in a study with the full-fledged system, we investigated system accuracy and subjective aspects with a structural model revealing that when users actively interacted with all of its control features, the hybrid system outperformed a baseline content-based–only tool and users were more satisfied.

Student Perceptions of Employer Use of Social Media in Selection Decisions: Comparing Criminal Justice Majors to Non-Majors

An increasing concern among university professors and students alike is the image that students project through their social media accounts, particularly when future graduates seek employment in fields such as policing and other criminal justice careers. Despite this common concern, little research has examined the degree to which criminal justice (CJ) students accept employer use of social media searches as a screening tool, or whether there is variation among students based upon characteristics commonly associated with employment discrimination. Drawing upon a survey of over 630 students in criminal justice courses at five public universities, the current inquiry finds that criminal justice majors’ opinions of social media searches do not differ from non-majors taking criminal justice courses. However, African-American, Latino, and students of other races all have less acceptance of the use of employer searches of social media than do white students. Implications for policy and future research are also discussed.

경호전공 대학생의 사회적 지원과 구직효능감 및 진로준비행동의 관계

경호전공 대학생의 사회적 지원과 구직효능감 및 진로준비행동의 관계

On the search behaviour of users in the context of interactive social book search

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the search behaviour of online users is among the long-tail practices of Interactive Information Retrieval that helps identify the user information needs. The Interactive Social Book Search (SBS), under the umbrella of Interactive Information Retrieval (IIR), aims to understand the user interactions with book collections and the associated professionally-curated and socially-constructed metadata on the baseline and multistage user interfaces (UIs). This paper reports on the book search behaviour of users by reviewing research publications related to the Interactive SBS published during the last two decades. It presents a holistic view of the overall progress of Interactive SBS by summarising and visualising the experimental structure, search systems, datasets, demographics of participants, and findings to identify the research trends and possible future directions. Based on the collected evidence, it attempts to answer how the search system, user interface (UI), and the nature of tasks affect the book search behaviour of users. The article is the first of its kind that attempts to understand the book search behaviour of users in the context of Social Book Search with implications for usability experts and others working in UI design, web search engines, book search engines, digital libraries, collaborative social cataloguing websites, and e-Commerce applications.

Impact of Internet Marketing on Photography i n Lagos State, Nigeria

The study examined the impact of internet marketing on photography in Lagos state, by focusing mainly on social media, search engine and website as internet marketing tools and measured performance in terms of customer intention, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Primary data and online observations were employed. A cross sectional survey research method was used. Questionnaire was used to collect data from 140 photographers from the 1484 registered online photographers in Lagos. Data were analysed using multiple regression to test the hypotheses. Findings revealed that social media, search engine and website collectively influenced customers of Photographers in Lagos. The study concluded that it is valuable for photographers to adapt to, and use internet marketing media in promoting their services as technology changes and new platforms emerge. It is recommended by the study that photographers in Nigeria should adopt internet marketing tools for both communication and marketing advantages.

Emotions, Bodily Changes, and the Social Environment: How Did Early Psychosomatic Medicine Consider the Social Dimension in Health and Disease?

Social relationships play an important role in human health and disease processes, and the field of psychosomatic medicine currently integrates social factors in its theoretical models and clinical interventions. This article provides a historical perspective on the field of psychosomatic medicine in the United States and examines the extent to which early American psychosomatic medicine incorporated the impact of social relationships on health and disease outcomes. We searched PubMed across all issues of Psychosomatic Medicine for key words related to emotions versus social processes. Article counts are compared for these key words. We then performed a narrative review to analyze how concepts of associations among emotional, interpersonal, and physiological variables evolved in early publications. Of 5023 articles found in Psychosomatic Medicine, 1453 contained an emotional, 936 a social search term, and 447 contained both. In the qualitative review, influences of the social environment on emotional states and physiology were recognized already in the 1930s but they only played a subordinate role in early Psychosomatic Medicine. Publications often lacked a clear working model how interpersonal events exert their impact on physiology. With increasing understanding of developmental and neural mechanisms, a more differentiated view evolved. Early publications in psychosomatic medicine mainly focused on associations between emotions and physiology. However, some highlighted the importance of interpersonal and social factors. Later, the understanding of emotions, social relationships, and physiology with their developmental and neurobiological correlates have led to a fuller "biopsychosociocultural" understanding of health and disease, although more research on and within these networks is urgently needed.

LATENT-SEMANTIC ANALYSIS, SOCIAL NETWORKS AND NON-STRUCTURED DATA: INTERACTION METHOD

This article examines the method of latent-semantic analysis, its advantages, disadvantages, and the possibility of further transformation for use in arrays of unstructured data, which make up most of the information that Internet users deal with. To extract context-dependent word meanings through the statistical processing of large sets of textual data, an LSA method is used, based on operations with numeric matrices of the word-text type, the rows of which correspond to words, and the columns of text units to texts. The integration of words into themes and the representation of text units in the theme space is accomplished by applying one of the matrix expansions to the matrix data: singular decomposition or factorization of nonnegative matrices. The results of LSA studies have shown that the content of the similarity of words and text is obtained in such a way that the results obtained closely coincide with human thinking. Based on the methods described above, the author has developed and proposed a new way of finding semantic links between unstructured data, namely, information on social networks. The method is based on latent-semantic and frequency analyzes and involves processing the search result received, splitting each remaining text (post) into separate words, each of which takes the round in n words right and left, counting the number of occurrences of each term, working with a pre-created semantic resource (dictionary, ontology, RDF schema, ...). The developed method and algorithm have been tested on six well-known social networks, the interaction of which occurs through the ARI of the respective social networks. The average score for author's results exceeded that of their own social network search. The results obtained in the course of this dissertation can be used in the development of recommendation, search and other systems related to the search, rubrication and filtering of information.

Social discourse, housing search and residential segregation: the social determinants of recent economic migrants’ residential mobility in Seville

Immigrants’ neighbourhood choices are key to understanding today’s dominant socio-territorial dynamics, especially in urban areas. We analysed the factors involved in the housing search at the early stages of the economic migrant influx in Seville, Spain (Andalusia region, Europe’s southern border) and their impact on the development of residential segregation in this city. Using a qualitative methodology approach based on focus groups, unstructured interviews and discourse analysis, the implicit and explicit social determinants that influence economic migrants’ residential behaviours were examined. In line with previous studies, the results highlight the importance of socio-economic determinants and a trend towards self-segregation. Social discourse analysis reveals how the host society’s ethnoracial preferences and prejudices – from the outset of the economic migrant influx – translate into barriers to accessing the housing market, which plays a crucial role in understanding economic migrant residential mobility and its impact on and consequences for the residential segregation process.

Social Hierarchy And Joint Search As Antecedents of Innovation Originality

This paper provides an empirical investigation of two understudied aspects of the innovation process: social hierarchy and joint search. In innovation teams, social hierarchy derives from member differences in access to valued resources such as knowledge, expertise, and social capital and the consequentially conferred status. Focusing on small teams with little collaborative experience, we propose that social hierarchy affects innovation originality via two latent mechanisms; psychological safety and coordination. Teams with flatter hierarchies display higher levels of psychological safety, yet lack coordination capacity and vice versa. As psychological safety drives creativity while coordination difficulties reduce a team’s effectiveness, we first propose a curvilinear relationship between social hierarchy and originality. We then turn our attention to joint search and its relation with team structure. Building on two simulation studies, we hypothesize about what teams with different social hierarchy are...

Evaluation in Contextual Information Retrieval

Context such as the user’s search history, demographics, devices, and surroundings, has become prevalent in various domains of information seeking and retrieval such as mobile search, task-based search, and social search. While evaluation is central and has a long history in information retrieval, it faces the big challenge of designing an appropriate methodology that embeds the context into evaluation settings. In this article, we present a unified summary of a wide range of main and recent progress in contextual information retrieval evaluation that leverages diverse context dimensions and uses different principles, methodologies, and levels of measurements. More specifically, this survey article aims to fill two main gaps in the literature: First, it provides a critical summary and comparison of existing contextual information retrieval evaluation methodologies and metrics according to a simple stratification model; second, it points out the impact of context dynamicity and data privacy on the evaluation design. Finally, we recommend promising research directions for future investigations.

Social Book Search: a survey

Social Book Search is a new area of social search. In the modern world everything is going to be amenable due to the web and social media. The web and social media give us access to a wealth of information, not only different in quantity but also in character. Traditional descriptions from professionals are now supplemented with user generated content. Although books have been the predominant source of information for centuries, the way we acquire, share, and publish information has changed and has been changing in fundamental ways due to the web. In the modern era, in order to purchase a book, the users are not only depend on the title, author name, publisher etc of the book available as controlled metadata but also on other aspects which include the reviews, editorial reviews etc available in different social media. Our primary focus in this survey is to describe the features of different social cataloging book sites as well as their recommendation based on books. How the online searching of books is useful to the user and up to what extent, and what are their aim are some of the issues we shall deal with. We will also discuss evolution of those techniques for Social Book Search presented over years at the Initiative for the Evaluation of XML Retrieval (INEX) and Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum (CLEF). To what extent the features and functionality of a social sharing platform influence the user behavior, is also discussed in the paper. This survey provides an overview of research done in the area of Social Book Search from perspective of Information Retrieval.

Assessing the Significance of Incorporating User Profiles in Social Book Search

Assessing the Significance of Incorporating User Profiles in Social Book Search