Social Impact Factors Research Articles

Abstract B113: Cervical cancer stigma in the Caribbean: Implications for prevention

Abstract Background: Cervical cancer is still a major threat in the Caribbean region. Stigma may be a contributor to low screening and HPV vaccination practices, but it has been understudied in the region. The study aims to assess stigma among a Caribbean non- patient population in Jamaica, Grenada and Trinidad and Tobago. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 1207 participants was conducted using a trans-created Cancer Stigma Scale for the Caribbean context and additional measures on cervical cancer and HPV vaccine knowledge and beliefs were added. Cancer stigma was assessed across six sub-domains Severity, Personal Responsibility, Awkwardness, Avoidance, Policy Opposition and Financial Discrimination. The data were collected online between October 2022 and March 2023. Descriptive statistics for characteristics of socio- demographic and variables associated with cancer stigma were run. ANOVA tests compared factor scores with multi categorised variables using SPSS. Results: Levels of cancer stigma were low but varied across the six domains with the severity domain showing high scores (40.1%-77.4%). The majority of the participants disagreed with banks refusing to give loans to people with cancer (85.1%). Under policy opposition (93.0%) agreed that more government funding should be spent on cancer care and treatment. Social rejection was significantly higher in Grenada when compared to both Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago. More than a third of the participants (35.6%) agreed that the fear of family reaction and rejection may discourage women from getting a further diagnosis after an abnormal Pap smear. Younger participants showed less stigma than older participants. Those aged 18-25 also differed from those aged 26-35 and 56-65 for the factors of Policy Opposition and Severity respectively. In all cases the older age group had higher mean scores. Social impact factors of shame and social rejection are predictors of cancer stigma with p < 0.001 and p = 0.050 respectively. Married/cohabiting individuals had more negative responses than divorced persons across all three factors of Shame, Social Rejection and Social Isolation. The majority of our participants were female 81.4% and fell between the ages of 18-35 years (56.8%). Discussion: Cancer stigma is understudied in the Americas. Our results show that cancer stigma varies by several important factors including stigma domain, and participant demographics e.g. age and gender. The findings indicate that interventions and educational efforts targeting cancer stigma ought to be included in cancer prevention and control efforts. Targeted evidenced-based strategies for reducing stigma include featuring cancer survivors especially prominent survivors like celebrities, and employing mass media public health campaigns. A reduction in cancer stigma may lead to increased prevention, screening, and treatment of cervical cancer. Citation Format: Diadrey-Anne Sealy, Kamilah Thomas- Purcell, Althea Bailey, Gaole Song, Kimlin Ashing. Cervical cancer stigma in the Caribbean: Implications for prevention [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr B113.

Applying the Parameters of Impacted Population and Gully Social Impact Factor to Prioritize Choice of Gully Erosion Intervention Programs in Resource Limited Settings: Lessons from World Bank Funded Intervention in Anambra State, Nigeria

Background: Following a presidential request for assistance in the gully erosion menacing many States in Nigeria, the World Bank intervened through the Nigeria Erosion and Watershed Management Program (NEWMAP) in 23 States including Anambra, from 2014 - 2022. This study examined NEWMAP’s intervention in order to learn crucial lessons to improve subsequent gully remediation interventions in Anambra State. Methods: A 7-man multidisciplinary focus group was constituted to study NEWMAP’s intervention in Anambra State, determine the most striking innovation in the intervention, and explore that innovation further. Data extraction, content analysis comparative analysis, rational decision framework and the deductive model were applied to make findings and draw conclusion. Results: The study found that: (i) the most striking innovation in NEWMAP’s intervention in Anambra State is the introduction of elaborate and comprehensive package of rehabilitation of impacted population. (ii). 13 major gully erosion sites were remedied totaling 32 544.87 meters long and directly impacting a population of 163 209 persons (iii). As at June 2021, 150 000 impacted population had benefitted from micro-credit grants to engage in alternative livelihood businesses that contributed in revamping the State’s economy. (iv). The 13 gully sites remedied had a wide range of gully social impact factor, the highest three values being 101 440; 67 587.5 and 41 778; while the lowest three values are 1 204; 1 694.7 and 3 186. Conclusion: The study concludes that elaborate and comprehensive package of rehabilitation of gully impacted population is an innovation in Anambra State introduced by NEWMAP; that gully impacted population is a good measure of vulnerability; and that the parameters of impacted population and gully social impact factor are sensitive, reliable and effective parameters to prioritize choice of gully intervention programs in resource-limited settings.

"Why Do 'Zombie Companies' Remain 'Undead'?"

"Zombie companies" have long been a significant problem troubling the economic development and social progress of our country. Based on this issue, this project aims to explore the social impact factors of "zombie companies" and support enterprises to "de-zombify" to facilitate the rational and effective allocation of market resources. The discussion unfolds from theoretical, practical, mechanism, and policy levels consecutively. By exploring the intrinsic logical relationship between "zombie companies" and the market, we analyze reasonable mechanisms that can enable the effective exit of zombie companies, which aligns with the orderly operation of the market under modern economic conditions. This is conducive to the theoretical logic of facilitating the domestic circulation and achieving a virtuous cycle of industrial capital and financial capital. At the same time, it reveals potential internal issues within enterprises, such as lack of initiative, irrational allocation of resources, repayment of financial debts, etc., and proposes relevant policy recommendations for these issues, laying a solid foundation for the long-term development of enterprises and the market.

Agent-Based Product-Social-Impact-Modeling: A Systematic Literature Review and Modeling Process

Abstract A key part of an engineer’s purpose is to create products and services that benefit society, or, in other words, to create products with a positive social impact. While engineers have many predictive models to aid in making design decisions about the functional performance or safety of a product, very few models exist for estimating or planning for the wide range of social impacts an engineered product can have. To model social impact, a model must contain representations of both the product and society. Agent-based modeling is a tool that can model society and incorporate social impact factors. In this paper, we investigate factors that have historically limited the usefulness of product adoption agent-based models and predictive social impact models through a systematic literature review. Common themes of limiting factors are identified, steps are presented to improve the usefulness of agent-based product adoption models and predictive social impact models, and a general process for the creation of agent-based social impact models is presented. Improving the usefulness of these predictive models can aid engineers in making better design decisions. Predictive social impact models can help identify areas in the design space to improve the social impact of products. When coupled with existing design methods, agent-based predictive social impact models can help increase the probability that a product achieves positive social impact.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INDICATORS OF THE RESEARCH FACTOR OF LATIN AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES IN THE TOP 10 OF THE SIR IBER 2020 RANKING

The SIR Iber shows the scientific activity of universities in Andorra, Spain, Portugal, and Latin American countries by positioning them based on measurement, research, innovation, and social impact factors (through a system of indicators). In this paper, the twelve (12) indicators of the research measurement factor of Latin American universities in the TOP 10 of the SIR Iber 2020 Ranking are analyzed and compared. Although the USP (Brazil) ranks first in Latin America, the University of Chile ranks first in the International Collaboration (IC), Normalized Impact (NI), Weighted Citation Normalized (WCN), High Quality Publications (Q1), Excellence (EXC), and Excellence with Leadership (EwL). A scatter diagram is presented between the Output (O) and Normalized Impact (NI) indicators, highlighting that there is no significant linear relationship between them.

Developing a new social impact assessment model for deep open-pit mines

Various open-pit mines, particularly porphyry copper mines, are anticipated to reach depths of more than 1000 m, and short knowledge of social impacts at such depths is a significant challenge for the mining industry's future. In the present study, 37 social impact factors of deep open-pit mines are recognized as the first step for a Social Impact Assessment procedure. As a 37 × 37 matrix for weighting the importance level of each factor will be complicated and unreliable, these factors are classified into 10 categories and weighted using the Z-Fuzzy Delphi AHP technique. 26 experts worldwide were recognized as qualified for the study, among which 14 questionnaires were returned. The Cronbach coefficient was calculated to check the level of uniformity of the questionnaires, and the value was determined to be 0.925 for I (Importance) and 0.911 for R (reliability), which shows a high level of uniformity in the expert's predictions. By applying Z-numbers, and using fuzzy Delphi mathematics, the uncertainty of the experts' opinions was highly reduced. The results showed that the most critical social impact categories in deep open-pit mines are workplace safety (13.8%), employment (10.9%), and revenue generation (10.7%). Next, the social impact factor's score was determined using the scenarios described in this study. Finally, the methodology was applied to the Sungun Copper Mine (SCM) in the northwest of Iran for verification. The Social Sustainability Score (Ss) for the SCM was determined to be 6.364, which shows a medium level of sustainability. Finally, the proposed methodology can be used to determine the social responsibility level of any metal mining project.

Local Impact of a Sports Centre: Effects on Future Intentions

Analysing the social impact of sports facilities is important because they can have a positive impact on the health and well-being of the people who use them, foster social inclusion and participation, and be an important source of employment and local economic development. This study aimed to analyse the perception of residents of the city of Valencia on the impact of a sports facility and its influence on their future intentions about the services it provides. The sample consisted of 209 residents, of whom 113 were men and 96 were women. The sample rated positively all social impact factors of the sports facility analysed. Regression analyses revealed that two of the five social impact factors (health impact, socio-cultural impact, and image and promotion impact) significantly predict future intentions. Therefore, analysing the social impact of sports facilities provides managers with essential information to ensure a positive integration into the community and in turn, promote active and healthy lifestyles. As well as the influence of this impact on residents’ future behaviours towards the sports facility.

『인사조직연구』의 현황과 향후 방향에 대한 소고

This review suggests a development direction for academic journals covering the subject of management including the Korean Journal of Management (KJOM). In contrast to the original purpose of KJOM as defined by the Korean Academy of Management (KAOM), current research on management has been found to provide little practical value to the management field in Korea. Business executives do not typically read the publications and studies published in the journals are rarely cited by other researchers. In addition, there are few actual submissions for publication. As such, it is necessary to modify the way the journal is operated by the KJOM. First, the KJOM should strive to become an academic journal that integrates practically with businesses and society at large. Second, it is necessary to recognize the value of not only empirical papers but also non-empirical papers. Third, stricter standards should be applied to repetitive empirical research, and flexible standards should be applied to innovative papers. Fourth, the sample composition for empirical analysis should represent all the employees in Korea. Fifth, empirical data should be expanded from regular workers to various types of non-regular workers. Sixth, paper reviewers should encourage authors to identify innovative perspectives and discuss the practical implications of their research. Seventh, the editor-in-chief should go beyond the authority of the area editor and set the direction of the KJOM. Lastly, new indicators such as the Korean Social Impact Factor may be developed to diversify viewpoints for excellent papers.

IMPORTANT FACTORS OF OPEN DEFECATION CONTROLLING EFFORTS IN GREATER BANDUNG URBAN SLUM AREA

Sanitation is one of development aspects which human basic necessity. One of sanitation development policies in Indonesia is refers to community needs (demand driven) rather than achieving technical target (supply driven). Communities in urban slum area, as a target focus management, should play a major role in the development process and become an active participant in facility planning, construction, utilization and maintenance. This research is intended to identify the condition of sanitation management implementation in slum areas and explore important factors for community in sanitation management. This research is using Fishbein method and then followed by Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) with Cartesius diagram, with focus in exploring community ideas/perception for sanitation management in slum area. There are two responded components : fact (stating performance) and expectation (stating importance level) related to the operated policy/program in important factors. This research is conducted in Greater Bandung Area which is a metropolitan area comprising of 4 (four) cities/regencies that structure West Java Province capital area. The result is among ten requested important factors, the financial factor becomes major important factor that had to be improved (2,24;4,25), however community participation (2,86;4,05), environmental (2,79;4,07) and social impact factors (2,86;4,01) are satisfied important factors. Resilience to the climate change is also considered in this research since the effects of climate change on sanitation may be direct while water is an essential part of the technology process (e.g. sewerage) is indirect where the capability of the environment to absorb or reduce the adverse effect of wastes is changed. The result concludes that community has experience their self sanitation management to overcome environmental and social problems. On the other hand financial factor is still required to improve the better sanitation management.

Social impacts of the continuous usage of digital healthcare service: A case of South Korea

As untact communication is promoted in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, special attention is paid to remote medical examination and customized healthcare trends. General digital healthcare services among social community members positively affect individuals’ healthcare and reduce medical social services’ burden, contributing to the development of society. Accordingly, it is necessary to induce healthcare behaviors through the continuous usage of digital healthcare services among social community members and to examine significant social impact factors in this regard. This study empirically analyzes the impact of three social impact factors – social capital, social support, and social value – on the continuous usage of digital healthcare service with healthcare behaviors and e-health literacy as media. To this end, a survey was conducted among 363 individuals who had used digital healthcare services in Korea, and the statistical data were analyzed. Social capital and social value were found to affect healthcare behaviors, e-health literacy, and continuous usage intentions, but social support did not. Based on this result, it was confirmed that the factors regarded by digital healthcare service users as necessary were the values and perceptions shared in society and the group, information and active communication rather than direct public support.

Developing and Evaluating Management Services for Collective Memory ‡

Collective memory is vital for people as it gives them the sense of belonging to a community. In particular, refugee population groups feel the need to maintain contact with their routes through collective memory, due to the abolishment of the physical connection to their homeland. However, people’s memories fade over time and stories are lost. In such a context a crucial question arises: Is it feasible to design and create a crowdsourcing collective memory management system for the benefit of such social groups preserving memory for next generations? In this work, we present a system that is able to collect and manage refugee stories disseminating them to the public. In order to stress the strength of the proposed system, we have created an evaluation methodology that assesses such a system in terms of system services and system stakeholders’ real impact. We chose to deal with the collective memory of refugee groups coming from Asia Minor to Greece at the end of the first quarter of the twentieth century. Evaluation results reveal that such a system positively affects personal and social impact factors. Furthermore, a preliminary results analysis suggests specific interactions among the examined personal and social impact factors. We believe that the proposed system facilitates the needs of collective memory management and the assessment scheme could be adapted in the creation and evaluation of collective memory management systems.

Effects of dental esthetics on psycho-social wellbeing among students of health Sciences

To determine the effects of dental aesthetics and socio-demographics on psychosocial well-being among students of health sciences. The analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at a private tertiary care health centre in Karachi from March to August 2018, and comprised medical, dental and pharmacy students. Data was collected using a structured adapted questionnaire comprising Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire and Aesthetic Component of Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need which was graded from group 1 to group 5. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Of the 385 subjects, 122(31.7%) were males and 263(68.3%) were females. The overall mean age was 20.6±1.70 years. There were 177(46%) medial students, 125(32.5%) dental and 83(21.6%) pharmacy undergraduates. Dental aesthetics concern and social impact factors were significantly different between the genders (p<0.05). The two factors were also significantly different with respect to years of study (p<0.05). Significant difference was observed between aesthetic concern and age (p<0.05). Dental self-confidence the highest in group 1 with a mean of 2.6±1.02, and the lowest in group 5 with a mean of 2.0±1.16 of Aesthetic Component of Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. The psycho-social life was affected by poor dental aesthetics, indicating that dental therapy and cosmetic treatments had an influence over psychological well-being of individuals.

The effects of at-home whitening on patients\u2019 oral health, psychology, and aesthetic perception

BackgroundThe aesthetic self-perception and psychosocial impact of whitening is poorly explored in the literature; it is even less clear whether the effect of whitening may influence the psychology or social relations of patients. Therefore, the aim of this trial is to evaluate the impact of an at-home whitening procedure on patients’ quality of life. Also, this study’s secondary objective is the adaptation and validation of the Spanish version of the OES questionnaire (OES-SP).MethodsFifty eight patients underwent whitening with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) gel for 1 h daily for 3 weeks. For these participants, the OHIP-Esthetics, PIDAQ, and OES surveys were applied before, one week after, and one month after the whitening procedure. Oral health-related quality of life was measured using the OHIP-Esthetics survey and the psychosocial impact using the PIDAQ survey. The orofacial aesthetics was measured by OES and validated for the Spanish Chilean context. The treatment efficacy (ΔE and ΔSGU) and data from the OHIP-Esthetics PIDAQ and OES surveys were compared using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test.ResultsThe whitening procedure was effective (ΔE = 5.9 ± 1.8). The OHIP-Esthetics results were significant when comparing the initial baseline survey prior to the treatment and one week after whitening (p < 0.001) and when comparing the baseline and one-month results (p < 0.001). The overall score on the PIDAQ, after one week post-whitening, was separated into factors and all factors were statistically significant (p < 0.03); the factors for the one-month results were also all statistically significant (p < 0.001), except the social impact factor. The OES questionnaire had statistically significantly increased scores both one week and one month post-treatment (p < 0.0001). The reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the OES-SP were satisfactory.ConclusionThe at-home whitening procedure with carbamide peroxide 10% had a positive effect on patients’ oral health-related quality of life, psychology, and aesthetic perception after one month post-whitening. The Chilean Spanish version of the OES showed satisfactory psychometric characteristics to evaluate dental whitening.Trial registrationNCT02605239. Date that the study was retrospectively registered: 11-11-2015.

Quantitative sustainability analysis of water desalination – A didactic example for reverse osmosis

Water desalination continues to evolve to a currently mature stage that, similarly to all large human endeavors, must be planned, designed, and operated according to the quantitative holistic sustainability paradigm and criteria that are defined by the interrelated aspects of the environmental, economic, and social pillars of the endeavor. A methodology for such evaluation was described in [1], including equations for formulating a composite sustainability index as a function of relevant parameters, which thus allows mathematical analysis in general and sensitivity analysis and optimization in particular. This is the first paper that demonstrates this methodology and its use for desalination by presenting an example of a comprehensive and detailed original sustainability analysis of reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants and of their comparison. It includes the selection and calculation of metrics (for simplicity, a small number and partially synthetic) and weights, as well as their aggregation to a composite sustainability indicator, using typical data values. The aggregation is performed by an original concept of impact quantification and monetization. An analysis of sensitivity to choice of weights and to the combined environmental and social impact factors was conducted. The presented sustainability analysis example should be helpful for both didactic and practical purposes, and the methodology is flexible, modular, adaptable, and enhancable to meet other and evolving needs.

Responsible Innovation: A Complementary View from Industry with Proposals for Bridging Different Perspectives

This paper presents a consensus view on Responsible Innovation by a group of industry practitioners, each with high level management experience in driving innovation from within industrial companies operating in different sectors. The authors argue that, while a substantial body of academic research on Responsible Research &amp; Innovation (RRI) of potential interest now exists, it is failing to have impact in the industrial community, where it is understood to be partially targeted, because many of the concepts, tools and methodologies are not aligned with current industrial practices. This is leading to a misconception as to where industry stands on topics addressed by RRI and difficulties in forwarding a dialogue that is meaningful to both parties. The need to distinguish between processes relating to research and innovation is argued, together with the view that research into RRI should encompass more of the on-going work being carried out in related fields such as the role of companies in society, the debate around Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Corporate Shared Value (CSV), responsible digital innovation, the elements of ethical leadership, sustainable investment policies and work on establishing social impact factors as well as public concerns on innovation. Directions for an alignment of the terminology and concepts are also proposed. This paper is to be viewed as an attempt at bridging perspectives with the aim of finding common ground to develop the field of RRI further so that it provides effective concepts, tools and methodologies to guide industrial innovation towards better societal outcomes.

Alibis: Generation, Consistency, Corroboration, Believability, and Detection - Introduction to this Special Issue.

This special issue highlights recent developments in the field of alibi research. These include a shift from self‐report studies to behavioral paradigms; a broadening in the literature to study not only suspects, investigators, and legal decision makers, but also alibi corroborators; and an expansion of the research to include alibi‐related memory issues rather than a sole focus on social impact factors. Additionally, this special issue addresses the many misconceptions that exist when it comes to the appraisal of consistency in the context of alibi accuracy and truthfulness. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Constructed news: events and rituals of political life

This text invites a reflection on early cinema, focusing on the model which gave rise to actuality film, the precursor of newsreels. Actuality film is understood not only as film which tries to document reality but as a model which purports to capture that which was, or would become, an event. The text also addresses the difference between “attraction” and “news”, to conclude that news arises from a series of constructions designed to transform social impact factors, such as those elements which have shaped the chronicling of events or elements of political propaganda in a given event.

Assessment of eco-environment vulnerability in the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China

The northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is typically a vulnerable eco-environment where an overload of alpine meadows and serious soil degeneration have led to vulnerability to natural disasters. Consequently, this vulnerable eco-environment does not allow for rapid socioeconomic development, resulting in weak potential for sustainable development. The northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in China is used for this case study, which sets up 17 impact factors of eco-environment vulnerability (EEV) to assess the indexes, including natural impact factors, economic impact factors and social impact factors. Subsequently, the study uses an analytic hierarchy process to endow index weights and proposes an assessment model of $$ G = 1 - \sum\nolimits_{i = 1}^{n} {{{P_{i} \cdot W_{i} } /{( {\max \sum\nolimits_{i = 1}^{n} {P_{i} \cdot W_{i} } + \min \sum\nolimits_{i = 1}^{n} {P_{i} \cdot W_{i} } } )}}} $$ to analyze and assess the dynamic changes in the EEV of the study area from 1987–2008. Finally, the correlation of the EEV and 17 impact factors is analyzed.

An integrated FA-FEAHP approach on the social indicators of Taiwan's green building

Green building indicator system has become an essential instrument for fulfilling the sustainable development of collective residence environment. Under the action principle of 'global thinking, local action', the indicator system should reflect local characteristics and requirements and must possesses extensity. However, the followed norm in Taiwan does not contain the related social impact factors that reflect the characteristics of high density and collective dwelling. Therefore, this paper first collects the relevant possible impact factors based on the inhabitant users' information, local characteristics and other indicator systems. Then, factor analysis (FA) method is employed to investigate the users and to extract the principal components of social impact with regional characteristics. Then, the social indicator establishment and application problem is solved by applying the fuzzy extended analytic hierarchy process (FEAHP) method. Finally, by integrating the examination of actual cases, a hierarchical assessment framework is built. The subjective qualitative values for indicators are transferred into objective and quantitative priority weights by fuzzy pairwise comparison to reflect the degree of importance and evaluation efficacy. The results of this research not only strengthen the comprehensiveness of the existing green building indicator system, but also signify the concrete direction for improvement for evaluated cases.