Social Grade Research Articles

Rasisme dalam Film Lee Daniels, The Butler

The Butler movie explored discrimination between white and black people that created social grade which lead to the conflict. This became a very interesting one to explore. The purpose of this study was to find more about the racism in such movie. The researcher used a qualitative descriptive method, and the research material was a dialogue from the movie "The Butler". The analyse was done by using the theory of racism, "three types of racism”, Michel Wieviorka (1995). The dialogue of the movie accompanied by picture as the sample of the data in analysis done by contextually and theoritically. The result of the study showed attitudes racism was the most prevalent, which means there are discriminations occured to black people in The Butler movie. Attitudes is a pattern of thinking or feeling about something or someone, generally represented in a person's behavior. While prejudice and opinions racism are the most rarely occured in such movie. Prejudice rarely occured in the social life because black people can not express their feeling and they struggle welfare, which was hard to achieve in the movie. Opinions rarely occured in the movie because white people grade was higher than black people in such movie.

Research feasibility and ethics in Scottish new-born blood spot archive.

ObjectivesThere were two objectives to this study: 1) to gauge public opinion on the use of Guthrie card-derived blood samples for epidemiological and biological research; and 2) to evaluate the feasibility of recovering meaningful molecular data from these samples.
 ApproachTo address the first objective, a 2-day Citizens’ Jury was conducted in partnership with Ipsos MORI, comprising a diverse adult sample in terms of age, sex, working status and social grade (n=20). Jurors were asked whether research access to Guthrie card blood tests would be in the public interest. To address the second objective, DNA methylation (DNAm) was profiled from samples from 58 Generation Scotland participants, whose Guthrie cards had been stored from birth for between 32 and 38 years. Analyses were performed on Guthrie DNAm samples to determine whether previously-reported associations with perinatal maternal smoking behaviours were detectable.
 ResultsThe Citizens’ Jury yielded an overall positive response towards data sharing for health research. Concerns were raised about data protection and security, control and oversight, and commercial use. The overall verdict was that access to Guthrie card data would be in the public interest, conditional on the purpose of the research, regulated access procedures, ethical oversight and provision of opportunities for participants to opt out.
 DNAm detection rates from Guthrie samples were lower than from samples stored in tubes. However, it was possible to confirm linkage to the correct individuals in Generation Scotland using DNAm-derived estimates of genotype and sex. A significant association was observed between a DNAm-based score for smoking and perinatal maternal smoking status derived from the baseline Generation Scotland questionnaire.
 ConclusionWe showed that: 1) public support exists for using Guthrie samples in research, conditional on certain safeguards; 2) DNAm can be profiled from cards stored for up to 38 years and can predict maternal smoking behaviour. Guthrie cards are a potentially valuable resource for epidemiological studies and predicting health outcomes.

Comparing socio-economic measures as predictors of educational attainment.

Objectives and ApproachFree School Meals (FSM) has commonly been used as a proxy for economic disadvantage or low socio-economic background within educational research in the UK, as eligibility is based upon receipt of government welfare benefits. It is also used by government in funding decisions for schools. However, in December 2021 the Welsh Government announced that the offer of FSM will be expanded to all pupils in primary schools, meaning that this measure will no longer be available as a proxy. Our objective is therefore to considers the potential of other administrative sources of socio-economic information to fill this gap. Linking administrative education data and Census 2011 data for Wales, we undertook descriptive and regression analyses to consider how Census measures of deprivation act compared to the FSM measure in predicting attainment. ResultsOur descriptive results show that not all pupils who are eligible for FSM are captured by the Census measures. However, our regression results indicate that socio-economic indicators from the Census – namely highest household qualification, approximated social grade and economic inactivity – all behave in a similar fashion to that of the proxy measure, FSM in association with pupil attainment. ConclusionWe consider results in comparison to studies using survey data, and discuss implications for the future measurement of economic disadvantage in Wales among primary school pupils.

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI MEDIA DARING ZOOM MEETING

The purpose of this research is to improve student learning outcomes through used online media “zoom meeting” in PAI learning. Classroom Action Research (CAR) was conducted in 2 cycles. The research subjects were students of X IPS 2 (second social 10th grade) SMA Negeri 1 Kandis which consisted of 30 students. The Data collection technique used in this research was student learning outcomes. The results of this research indicate that the application of online media ‘zoom meeting’ can improve student learning outcomes. It can be seen from the percentage of indicator students participating in online learning using the zoom meeting media has increased. The percentage of student results in the first cycle the average percentage is 27%. In cycle II the average percentage of student learning outcomes increased to 73% and has reached an achievement indicator of 70%. Based on the results of the analysis of research data, it can be concluded that there is a significant increase of students learning outcomes through online media zoom meeting in PAI learning in X IPS 2 SMA Negeri 1 Kandis in academic year 2021/2022

Real-world effectiveness of smoking cessation aids: A population survey in England with 12-month follow-up, 2015–2020

ObjectiveTo examine the real-world effectiveness of popular smoking cessation aids, adjusting for potential confounders measured up to 12 months before the quit attempt. Methods1,045 adult (≥18y) smokers in England provided data at baseline (April 2015-November 2020) and reported a serious past-year quit attempt at 12-month follow-up. Our outcome was smoking cessation, defined as self-reported abstinence at 12 months. Independent variables were use in the most recent quit attempt of: varenicline, prescription NRT, over-the-counter NRT, e-cigarettes, and traditional behavioural support. Potential confounders were age, sex, social grade, alcohol consumption, and level of dependence (measured at baseline), variables relating to the most recent quit attempt (measured at 12-month follow-up), and survey year. ResultsParticipants who reported using varenicline in their most recent quit attempt had significantly higher odds of abstinence than those who did not, after adjustment for potential confounders and use of other aids (OR = 2.69, 95 %CI = 1.43–5.05). Data were inconclusive regarding whether using prescription NRT, over-the-counter NRT, e-cigarettes, or traditional behavioural support was associated with increased odds of abstinence (p > 0.05; Bayes factors = 0.41–1.71, expected effect size OR = 1.19), but provided moderate evidence that using e-cigarettes was more likely associated with no effect than reduced odds (Bayes factor = 0.31, expected effect size OR = 0.75). ConclusionsUse of varenicline in a quit attempt was associated with increased odds of successful smoking cessation. Data were inconclusive regarding a benefit of e-cigarettes for cessation but showed use of e-cigarettes was unlikely to be associated with reduced odds of cessation. Associations between other cessation aids and cessation were inconclusive.

Alcohol Packaging As a Promotional Tool: A Focus Group Study With Young Adult Drinkers in Scotland

Little research has been conducted on consumer perceptions of alcohol packaging as a marketing tool. The aim of this study was to explore how young adults view and engage with alcohol packaging. Eight focus groups were conducted in Glasgow (Scotland) with current drinkers (n = 50), segmented by age (18-24, 25-35), gender (female, male), and social grade (ABC1, C2DE). Participants were shown, allowed to handle, and asked about a range of alcoholic products. Five main themes emerged from the data. The first was the ubiquity of alcohol packaging, with frequent exposure reported in different settings, such as shops and drinking venues, and via marketing. The second was appeal, with pack graphics (e.g., color), structure (e.g., shape, size), and promotions (e.g., gifts, limited editions) allowing alcohol packs to catch attention, enabling products to stand out on shelves, and helping to create product and brand liking, interest, and choice. Third, alcohol packaging was frequently associated with specific occasions and activities. Fourth, alcohol packaging informed perceptions of product-consumer targeting, suitability, and intended drinker profiles. Fifth, alcohol packaging also engaged nonvisual senses (e.g., touch, sound, smell), guiding expectations of product taste and palatability. For young adult drinkers in Scotland, alcohol packaging can capture attention, create appeal, and help shape perceptions of the product, drinker, and drinking experience.

Smoking in social housing among adults in England, 2015–2020: a nationally representative survey

ObjectivesTo analyse associations between living in social housing and smoking in England and to evaluate progress towards reducing disparities in smoking prevalence among residents of social housing compared with other...

Differential impact of minimum unit pricing on alcohol consumption between Scottish men and women: controlled interrupted time series analysis

ObjectiveTo assess the immediate impact of the introduction of minimum unit pricing (MUP) in Scotland on alcohol consumption and whether the impact differed by sex, level of alcohol consumption, age,...

Racism in Lee Daniels' Movie The Butler


 
 
 
 The Butler movie explored discrimination between white and black people that created social grade which lead to the conflict. This became a very interesting one to explore. The purpose of this study was to find more about the racism in such movie. The researcher used a qualitative descriptive method, and the research material was a dialogue from the movie "The Butler". The analyse was done by using the theory of racism, "three types of racism”, Michel Wieviorka (1995). The dialogue of the movie accompanied by picture as the sample of the data in analysis done by contextually and theoritically. The result of the study showed attitudes racism was the most prevalent, which means there are discriminations occured to black people in The Butler movie. Attitudes is a pattern of thinking or feeling about something or someone, generally represented in a person's behavior. While prejudice and opinions racism are the most rarely occured in such movie. Prejudice rarely occured in the social life because black people can not express their feeling and they struggle welfare, which was hard to achieve in the movie. Opinions rarely occured in the movie because white people grade was higher than black people in such movie.
 
 
 

0137 Phase response curve for effects of school start times on students’ diurnal learning rhythm

Abstract Introduction School start times impose constraints on sleep-wake behaviour that can result in social jet lag. Here, we used university archived datasets (1) to test whether social jet lag was associated with lower grades, and (2) to assess the phase resetting effects of school start times on students’ diurnal learning behaviour. Methods Social jet lag was estimated in 33,645 university students by measuring the phase shift in their Learning Management System (LMS) login rhythm on school days relative to non-school days (LMS social jet lag). ANCOVA was used to test the association between LMS social jet lag and grade point average, adjusting for demographic variables. We constructed a phase response curve by plotting phase shifts on school days (LMS social jet lag) against the initial phase when students’ first class of the day took place. The initial phase was expressed relative to students’ LMS login rhythm on non-school days (LMS chronotype). Results Students with greater LMS social jet lag had a lower grade point average (ANCOVA: F9,32269 = 44.8, P < 0.001). Social jet lag was larger in students with a later LMS login rhythm on non-school days (later chronotype) and for earlier school start times. The phase response curve revealed that the direction and magnitude of social jet lag were strongly dependent on the phase of students’ diurnal rhythm when their first class of the day took place. Phase shifts of up to 12 h were observed when school start times occurred out of phase with students’ diurnal rhythm. Conclusion School start times have a profound impact on students’ diurnal behaviour. Students whose diurnal patterns of LMS logins were similar on both school days and non-school days obtained better grades than their peers with LMS social jet lag. Universities can potentially improve learning by scheduling classes at times that are better aligned with students’ diurnal learning rhythm. Support (If Any) Data storage and management were supported by the NUS Office of the Senior Deputy President & Provost and ALSET. The work was funded by the Ministry of Education, Singapore (MOE2019-T2-2-074) and the National Research Foundation, Singapore (NRF2016-SOL002-001).

The Consistency, Setting Time and Compression Strength of Pozzolanic Materials: A Taguchi Gray Validation

Currently, the focus of research is on biocement mortar and concrete. To lower the cement substance by up to 40%, lime, fly ash, metakaolin, and silica fume are utilised. The major purpose of this study was to see if adding pozzolanic materials to biocement mortar may increase its setting time, consistency, and compressive strength, as well as the interaction of these pozzolanic components with cement mortar and concrete. The pozzolanic particles by sieving interaction to affirm the uniform molecule size equivalent to 1 µm. The compressive strength, consistency, and final setting time were estimated after the fruitful maturing of concrete blocks for around 28 days. As indicated by Taguchi investigation, the exploratory arrangement Level 10 gives the general best position among other trial designs with the GRG of 0.805. Besides, the weight level of metakaolin straightforwardly impacts the general exhibition of concrete substantial shapes rather than silica smoke, lime, and fly debris particles. The affirmation concentrates on uncovered improvement in the dark social grade of 1.92%, which is equivalent to the high compressive strength of 51.285 MPa, consistency territory between 29.5 to 38.5, and final setting time is 525 min. the impact of different pozzolanic substances on the concrete's consistency and setting time. It uncovered that by supplanting the 40% normal Portland concrete (OPC) with bio concrete, the concrete's consistency improves and the level of pozzolanic materials comparative with the level of OPC can build the concrete consistency restricts and lessen the use of bio concrete with minimal expense.

Prevalence of use and real-world effectiveness of smoking cessation aids during the COVID-19 pandemic: a representative study of smokers in England.

AimTo measure whether the prevalence of use and real‐world effectiveness of different smoking cessation aids has changed in England since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic.DesignRepresentative monthly cross‐sectional surveys, January 2015–June 2021.SettingEngland.ParticipantsA total of 7300 adults (≥18 y) who had smoked within the previous 12 months and had made ≥1 quit attempt during that period.MeasurementsThe independent variable was the timing of the COVID‐19 pandemic (pre‐pandemic [January 2015–February 2020] vs pandemic [April 2020–June 2021]). We analysed (i) the association between the pandemic period and self‐reported use (vs non‐use) during the most recent quit attempt of: prescription medication (nicotine replacement therapy [NRT]/varenicline/bupropion), NRT bought over‐the‐counter, e‐cigarettes, traditional behavioural support and traditional remote support (telephone support/written self‐help materials/websites) and (ii) the interaction between the pandemic period and use of these cessation aids on self‐reported abstinence from quit date to survey. Covariates included age, sex, social grade, level of cigarette addiction and characteristics related to the quit attempt.FindingsAfter adjustment for secular trends, there was a significant increase from the pre‐pandemic to pandemic period in the prevalence of use of traditional remote support by past‐year smokers in a quit attempt (OR = 2.18; 95% CI, 1.42–3.33); specifically telephone support (OR = 7.16; 95% CI, 2.19–23.45) and websites (OR = 2.39; 95% CI, 1.41–4.08). There was also an increase in the prevalence of use of prescription medication (OR = 1.47; 95% CI, 1.08–2.00); specifically varenicline (OR = 1.66; 95% CI, 1.09–2.52). There were no significant changes in prevalence of use of other cessation aids after adjustment for secular trends. People who reported using prescription medication (OR = 1.41; 95% CI, 1.09–1.84) and e‐cigarettes (OR = 1.87; 95% CI, 1.62–2.16) had greater odds of reporting abstinence than people who did not. There were no significant interactions between the pandemic period and use of any cessation aid on abstinence, after adjustment for covariates and use of the other aids, although data were insensitive to distinguish no change from meaningful modest (OR = 1.34) effects (Bayes factors 0.72–1.98).ConclusionsIn England, the COVID‐19 pandemic was associated with an increase in use of remote support for smoking cessation and varenicline by smokers in a quit attempt up to June 2021. The data were inconclusive regarding an association between the pandemic and changes in the real‐world effectiveness of popular smoking cessation aids.

A community jury study exploring the public acceptability of using risk stratification to determine eligibility for cancer screening.

IntroductionUsing risk stratification to determine eligibility for cancer screening is likely to improve the efficiency of screening programmes by targeting resources towards those most likely to benefit. We aimed to explore the implications of this approach from a societal perspective by understanding public views on the most acceptable stratification strategies.MethodsWe conducted three online community juries with 9 or 10 participants in each. Participants were purposefully sampled by age (40–79 years), sex, ethnicity, social grade and English region. On the first day, participants were informed of the potential benefits and harms of cancer screening and the implications of different ways of introducing stratification using scenarios based on phenotypic and genetic risk scores. On the second day, participants deliberated to reach a verdict on the research question, ‘Which approach(es) to inviting people to screening are acceptable, and under what circumstances?’ Deliberations and feedback were recorded and analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsAcross the juries, the principle of risk stratification was generally considered to be an acceptable approach for determining eligibility for screening. Disregarding increasing capacity, the participants considered it to enable efficient resource allocation to high‐risk individuals and could see how it might help to save lives. However, there were concerns regarding fair implementation, particularly how the risk assessment would be performed at scale and how people at low risk would be managed. Some favoured using the most accurate risk prediction model whereas others thought that certain risk factors should be prioritized (particularly factors considered as non‐modifiable and relatively stable, such as genetics and family history). Transparently justifying the programme and public education about cancer risk emerged as important contributors to acceptability.ConclusionUsing risk stratification to determine eligibility for cancer screening was acceptable to informed members of the public, particularly if it included risk factors they considered fair and when communicated transparently.Patient or Public ContributionTwo patient and public involvement representatives were involved throughout this study. They were not involved in synthesizing the results but contributed to producing study materials, co‐facilitated the community juries and commented on the interpretation of the findings and final report.

What the public in England know about antibiotic use and resistance in 2020: a face-to-face questionnaire survey

ObjectivesTo describe public attitudes and knowledge around antibiotic activity, resistance and use.DesignFace-to-face household 18 question survey using computer-assisted data collection undertaken by Ipsos Market and Opinion Research International.SettingRandomly selected households...

Analisis perkembangan sikap sosial peserta didik kelas iv sd dalam materi keragaman suku di Indonesia

<p>Abstract. Many of tribe in Indonesia is one of trouble by student in developing social attitude. As is the development of modern times have been difficult to make students much. This is for the writers to develop social attitudes in the diversity of students in indonesia. Research aims to understand how to develop social attitudes students in matter of diversity in indonesia. Methods used in this research is qualitative research descriptive by approach case study. A subject of study taken was the teacher and students kaliwatu the fourth grade. Data collection techniques used the interview techniques, the survey, observation, and documentation. The research data conducted by researchers that social attitudes fourth grade students the kaliwatu has grown well. This is proven by the data collection taken by researchers. Social attitudes can develop if implanted habituation fairly well through. Social attitudes and social behavior shown by teachers, parents, peers, and the public may see and tirukan students. For that reason, students have to show develops attitudes and social well.</p><p><br />Keywords: development social attitude, student, diversity of tribe</p>

Model Rancangan Pembelajaran Kooperatif Learning Team Game Tournament (TGT) pada Pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial di Sekolah Dasar


 This research aims to describe the Cooperative Learning Design for the Learning Team Game Tournament (TGT) in the 6th grade Social Sciences Lesson on Export and Import Activities, explaining the advantages of the Cooperative Learning Design for the Learning Team Game Tournament (TGT) in the 6th grade Social Sciences Lesson on Export and Import Activities. This research method uses the library method by analyzing various books and journals related to the Cooperative Learning Design Learning Team Game Tournament (TGT) in Social Studies Lesson 6th grade Materials for Export and Import Activities. The conclusions conclude that: The TGT learning model is a learning activity that involves heterogeneous group learning both from background and academic achievement and taking games and systematic tournaments or competitions that will provide scores, standings, and champions for individuals or groups who succeed in getting the best score to foster a sense of fun and motivation in learning which aims to improve learning outcomes, improve memory, make students accustomed to using high-level reasoning. The self-confidence is high, reduce student deviant behavior in the classroom, for example disturbing friends, increased student motivation, improve students' understanding of certain subjects, increase kindness, sensitivity, and tolerance, both tolerance between students and tolerance between students and teachers. The steps of the TGT Learning Model are as follows: Presentation in class (classical), study together in teams, Games consist of questions with relevant content, after forming a team, children start competing in tournaments, calculating scores by seeing how many students can collect question cards from players who have done.
 Keywords: TGT (Team Games Tournament) Cooperative Learning Model Design, Social Science Lessons

Does sleep-disordered breathing add to impairments in academic performance and brain structure usually observed in children with overweight/obesity?

Approximately 4–11% of children suffer from sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), and children with obesity are at increased risk. Both obesity and SDB have been separately associated with poorer brain health, yet whether SDB severity affects brain health in children with obesity remains unanswered. This study aimed to examine associations of SDB severity with academic performance and brain structure (i.e., total brain and gray and white matter volumes and gray matter volume in the hippocampus) in children with overweight/obesity. One hundred nine children aged 8–12 years with overweight/obesity were included. SDB severity and its subscales (i.e., snoring, daytime sleepiness, and inattention/hyperactivity) were evaluated via the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ), and academic performance was evaluated with the Woodcock-Muñoz standardized test and school grades. Brain structure was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. SDB severity was not associated with academic performance measured by the standardized test (all |β|> 0.160, P > 0.076), yet it was associated with the school grade point average (β = -0.226, P = 0.007) and natural and social science grades (β = -0.269, P = 0.024). Intention/hyperactivity seemed to drive these associations. No associations were found between SDB severity and the remaining school grades (all β < -0.188, P > 0.065) or brain volumes (all P > 0.05).Conclusion: Our study shows that SDB severity was associated with lower school grades, yet it was not associated with the standardized measurement of academic performance or with brain volumes in children with overweight/obesity. SDB severity may add to academic problems in children beyond the effects contributed by overweight/obesity status alone.What is Known:• Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) may affect brain structure and academic performance in children.• Children with overweight/obesity are at higher risk for the development of SDB, yet the comorbid obesity-SDB relationship with brain health has not been investigated thus far.What is New:• To our knowledge, this is the first study examining the associations of comorbid obesity-SDB severity with brain volumes and academic performance in children.• SDB symptoms may adversely affect academic performance at school in children with overweight/obesity, beyond the effects of weight status alone.

The association between COVID-19-related fear and reported self-harm in a national survey of people with a lifetime history of self-harm

BackgroundRelatively little is known about the characteristics of people living in the community who have previously self-harmed and may benefit from interventions during and after COVID-19. We therefore aimed to: (a) examine the relationship between reported self-harm and COVID-19-related fear, and (b) describe the characteristics of a community sample of people who reported a lifetime history of self-harm.MethodsA cross-sectional national online survey of UK adults who reported a lifetime history of self-harm (n = 1029) was conducted. Data were collected May – June 2020. Main outcomes were self-reported COVID-19-related fear (based on the Fear of COVID-19 scale [FCV-19S]), lifetime history of COVID-19, and lifetime history of self-harm. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. Chi-square was used to compare characteristics of our sample with available national data.ResultsOverall, 75.1, 40.2 and 74.3% of the total sample reported lifetime suicidal ideation, suicidal attempts and non-suicidal self-harm respectively. When adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, social grade, and exposure to death and suicide, binary logistic regression showed higher levels of perceived symptomatic (or physiological) reactions to COVID-19 were associated with suicidal ideation (OR = 1.22, 95%CI 1.07, 1.39) and suicidal attempts (OR = 3.91, 95%CI 1.18, 12.96) in the past week.ConclusionsResults suggest an urgent need to consider the impact of COVID-19 on people with a lifetime history of self-harm when designing interventions to help support people in reducing suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts. Experiencing symptomatic reactions of fear in particular is associated with self-harm. Helping to support people to develop coping plans in response to threat-related fear is likely to help people at risk of repeat self-harm during public health emergencies.

Pengembangan Lembar Kegiatan Siswa Berbasis Online Berbantuan Geogebra Book untuk Siswa SMA Kelas X pada Materi Trigonometri

The implementation of distance learning can not be separated from various problems, including students who are lack of motivation, teachers who find difficulties to work together with parents, and teachers who find difficulties to develop ideas on technology-based learning. To overcome these problems, the student activity sheet which equipped with practice questions and assessments with Geogebra Book aid is already developed as a learning innovation. The material developed in this research is trigonometry with the sub material of graph of trigonometric functions. The research model which used is ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implement, Evaluate). The research was conducted in SMA Negeri 1 Kepanjen by involving 10 students of social class grade X as test subjects, consisting of 3 students with low ability, 4 students with moderate ability, and 3 students with high ability. Data analysis was measured based on aspects of validity and practicality. Calculation of research data shows that the research product is valid based on an average validity score of 93% and practical based on an average practicality score of 84%. Based on the results of this data analysis, it can be concluded that the product development of student activity sheet along with practice questions and assessments meets the valid and practical criteria to facilitate students and teachers in the process of learning activities.

The island effect: Spatial effects on mental wellbeing and residence on remote Scottish islands

BackgroundMental illness is the leading cause of disability in the UK, placing huge burden on individuals and society. This study explores how mental health outcomes relate to living in more geographically remote neighborhoods and the role of neighborhood-level social character. MethodsAdministrative, health and census databases were linked for a 5% sample of those aged 23–68 (n = 114,428) living in Scotland, between the years 2009–2014. Self-reported mental illness and prescriptions for psychotropic medications were modelled by residential level of remoteness, adjusting for individual level confounders and small area level measures of ‘social cohesion’ namely social fragmentation (SFI), social gifting (SGI) and income deprivation at the data zone level. ResultsMental ill health was lowest amongst residents in more remote/rural areas and particularly those living on islands. Difference in individual level factors such as ‘social grade’ and ethnicity did not explain this variation. Different levels of social cohesion appeared to explain a substantial proportion of the remoteness relationship with mental health. ConclusionRemote living is associated with lower odds of mental illness in Scotland. This may be partially due to neighborhood social structures shaped by geographical isolation. These findings contribute to understanding epidemiological and spatial inequalities of mental health, which could inform aspects of health and social policy.