Social Balance Research Articles

Bibliometric Analysis of Sustainable Leadership Using Visual Mapping Technique

Sustainable leadership is a necessity to achieve the goals of sustainable development, such as addressing complex global issues, preserving environmental and social balance, ensuring the well-being of future generations, and promoting innovation. Sustainable leadership in education is important to contribute to sustainable development goals by equipping future generations with environmental, social, and economic responsibilities and integrating sustainability principles into the education system. This study aims to determine the current state of research containing the term "sustainable leadership" by conducting a bibliometric analysis using the Web of Science (WoS) database. The VOSviewer software is employed to visually represent the data obtained from the WoS database. According to the comprehensive bibliometric analysis results, research related to the theme of "sustainable leadership" began to emerge in 2002, with a total of 390 publications identified in the period from 2002 to 2023. The majority of these publications are in the form of articles, reflecting the interest and curiosity within academic circles in this field. However, considering the lower presence of other document types such as conference papers, book chapters, and review articles, there appears to be a growing need for these types of sources. The bibliometric analysis reveals that research on sustainable leadership is predominantly published in the form of articles, with a significant increase observed, particularly in publications from 2019. The VOSviewer analysis of the "sustainable leadership" field categorizes the most commonly used terms into three clusters: "sustainability", "sustainable leadership", and "leadership". In terms of the distribution of articles in the field of sustainable leadership by citing countries, the countries with the highest number of citations are Thailand, South Africa, the United States, and China, respectively. The findings of the analysis are believed to contribute as a resource for future research and benefit researchers in exploring potential topics related to the theme of sustainable leadership in the near future. Additionally, it is noted that there is limited research on sustainable leadership in Turkey, and recommendations are provided for its further development.

Social balance as an axis of development and management in transportation cooperatives in zone 3 of Ecuador

The Organic Law of Popular and Solidarity Economy (LOEPS), in the second general provision determines that the organizations subject to this law, will incorporate to their management reports the SOCIAL BALANCE SHEET (BS); the research aims to demonstrate the level of compliance with the principles and social objectives regulated in article 4 and 21 of the LOEPS, the research analyzed the social balance sheets of 382 organizations domiciled in the provinces of zone 3 of Ecuador, of the group "transport cooperatives". The interviews with managers and the documentary review generated results on macro dimensions of the BS.

STUDY OF CRITICAL FACTORS OF SOCIAL TENSION IN REGIONAL SYSTEMS

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to identify and study critical factors of social tension in different economic regions of Ukraine using a modern set of models for analysis and assessment of the level of social tension in conditions of transformation of the structure of modern society for timely prevention and avoidance of social disparities and uneven development. The main stages of measuring the level of social tension are highlighted: analysis and determination of a set of parameters for assessing social tension, their classification according to their impact on society, formation of a set of initial data, calculation of group integral indicators, construction of a general integral indicator of social tension. The main stages of the study of regions by the level of social tension are defined: a graphic representation of the levels of tension in the regions, the study of the dynamics of the formation of the levels of social tension, the establishment of the main factors of its formation in the regional dimension, the classification of objects by the level of social tension. Value/originality. Theoretical analysis of the content and role of social tension in the economic system was conducted, the main indicators and criteria of social tension were considered, a set of models for analysis and evaluation of social tension in various economic regions of the world and in Ukraine in particular was proposed and implemented. The thesis proposes a conceptual research model divided into two main modules: Module 1 – Assessment and analysis of social tensions; Module 2 – Building a regional development programme. Within the first module, assumptions about the criteria and indicators of social tensions are made, the boundaries of the system are determined, the external environment is described, its essential elements are highlighted and described. The selection of the criteria of social tension was carried out according to the following groups of factors: economic, demographic, political and social, the demarcation of substitutes and those that were included in the model and those that were not analysed by the researcher was carried out. Results. Multiple regression models have been constructed and the most significant variables that have the strongest influence on the resulting criterion have been selected. The second module defines the directions of development of the regions, based on all the data and models obtained previously. The main factors that are indicators of social tensions are identified, namely: the number of people with at least a school education; gross domestic product; total population; average length of study. Practical implications. With the help of economic and mathematical tools, the most important indicators of social tension were formed and determined for each region of Ukraine and the country as a whole, among which the level of income and education are the most critical. The results of the study can be put into practice to normalise the social balance in the country, to overcome the disparities in the development of different segments of the population.

The Rhetoric in Spiritual Dialectic in Ayi Kwei Armah’s Two Thousand Seasons and KMT: In the House of Life

The rhetoric of the spiritual dialectic is a recurrent phenomenon favourable to radicalism in the wake of disillusionment in the Postcolonial period in Ghana, as dealt in the novels by the Ghanaian writer Ayi Kwei Armah Two Thousand Seasons and KMT: In The House of Life. This situation is evident in colonised African societies, where the subversive discourse between some devotees of new religions such as Islam, Christianism and traditionalism, has stimulated contemporary public debate. It also analyses the anti-social relations between newly converted individuals while placing spiritual dialectic in a conflicting context of stigmatisation. The author’s motivation for raising awareness campaigns against religious intolerance stands for a global pan-Africanist strategy. It focuses on the hypothesis that Africans will only achieve freedom of expression if they set aside their separatist ideologies to nurture inclusive discourses in their societies. Drawing on Marxist and Afro-centrist theories, which advocate class equality and respect for African moral values, we will attempt to analyse in the corpus the various forms of conversational influence between co-religionists in the author’s texts. This work aims to edify readers on the nature of the rhetoric that has resulted from the hasty integration of Africans into new-infested theories of some fanatics favouring otherness in society. Eventually, African moral values are more favourable to the concept of ‘living together,’ since they are a mark of true African identity, fostering harmony and social balance.

An Agricultural Career through the Lens of Young People

The lack of young people engaged in agriculture threatens future food security and social balance. The agricultural sector and rural areas are experiencing an aging demography. The data confirm the global historical trend of a shortage of young people deciding to pursue careers in agriculture and remaining in rural spaces. Understanding young people’s views on agriculture is the key to supporting their participation in the sector by examining the unattractive factors that influence their perceptions. This study aims to explore these factors through a literature review of the past 10 years, applying the PRISMA model. We used VOSviewer to identify the key elements linked in a co-word map and revealed four clusters that mainly influence young people’s perceptions. The reviewed papers are from developed and developing countries, as our approach seeks to transcend the national boundaries that often delimit analyses on generational renewal. The study brings out the common factors that affect youth’s choice in agriculture, highlighting their perceptions and aspirations. The discussions and conclusion aim to provide a different perspective to understand the decision-making process of young people toward an agricultural career.

Between a corporatist past and a globalised future: Argentina's accounting profession and the social balance sheet

Sustainability has become a global trend to which Argentina is no stranger. This trend is materialised, among other things, in the surge of the social balance sheet (SBS). In this article, based on the theory of the “system of professions” developed by Abbott (1988), we will try to understand how the Argentinean accounting profession has tried to extend its jurisdiction to the preparation and verification of social balance sheets. We will see how, despite its intellectual, academic and political actions, the Argentinean accounting profession has not succeeded in expanding its jurisdiction to the SBS. Thus, attempts to legislate the preparation and verification of the SBS have not always been successful. Although many Argentinean firms prepare an SBS, very few use the SBS model proposed by this profession or have their SBS verified by accountants.The background of our analysis is the evolution of the power structure in Argentina, illustrating the tension between a profession originally organised in a corporatist way, which was inherited from a former economic model, and the new global trends, which are linked to the expansion of financial markets and the rise of sustainability. This structural change creates difficulties for the profession that will ultimately impede its expansionist purpose. We use this case to illustrate certain limitations of the Abbottian approach when it is applied to a context outside the Anglo-Saxon world.

The “love for money” in Sardinia: on the question of an ethnoanthropological study of the phenomenon of prostitution in traditional society

The article makes a novel contribution to anthropological studies by exploring the phenomenon of prostitution in Sardinia which remains a poorly urbanized conservative rural region of Europe, which still retains a high degree of cultural traditionalism. Due to the lack of research on this issue, I draw primarily on my own field material obtained as a result of many years of surveys conducted in the region, mainly in mountainous areas, that is the pastoral zone which is a set of introverted and patriarchal village microcosms with unusually strict social control and a rigid system of moral taboos. The principal difficulty in conducting this type of fieldwork is the uncommunicativeness and “closedness” of informants in any kinds of conversations involving topics of sex. I argue that there was an organic social “acceptance” of the institution of prostitution in the traditional society as an element that provided a mechanism for its social functioning and the preservation of social balance.

Analysis of the Function and Role of the DPRD as the Mandate of the People Viewed From the Perspective of Legal Philosophy

Local government has a dual function of holding executive and legislative powers. Meanwhile, the DPRD acts as a managing or controlling institution which can approve certain changes or reject them altogether. However, the DPRD may occasionally submit proposals on its initiative regarding draft regional regulations. This study uses a qualitative approach, namely the approach used by researchers based on data stated by respondents orally or in writing, governing it by the legal hierarchy in Indonesia. Whereas the DPR/DPRD as people's representative institutions and functioning as legislators should form a law that does not deviate from the purpose of the law, namely to provide certainty to the community, justice to the community, and benefits to the community. In this case, the law is a tool to regulate the social balance, and the interests of society to realize the ideals of society. The formation of laws and regulations must also pay attention to the Theory and Objectives of Legal Politics, namely the policies of state administrators in the field of law that have been in effect, are in force, and will be in effect, sourced from the values prevailing in society to achieve the aspired goals of the state.

Potential Solutions for the Water Shortage Using Towers of Fog Collectors in a High Andean Community in Central Ecuador

The lack of water is a fundamental issue for survival of peasant communities located at heights above 3200 masl in the Andean highlands, such as in the case of the Galte-Yaguachi community in central Ecuador. The social balance, agricultural development as well as animal subsistence and finally the economic income is pending on the availability of hydric resources. Therefore, a three-dimensional fog collector system was constructed with Urku Yaku material in order to provide water for the close-by community. Simultaneously, we determined the quality of the collected water per square meter of the mesh, during the period of the highest annual precipitations. The installed nets yielded a gain of at least 2.63 L/m2 and a minimum of 0.65 L/m2 per day. The analyzed water quality reflected the suitability for human consumption. As water collection has been successful, an expansion of the proposed system may provide this fundamental good also to other communities with similar characteristics. Fog catcher towers will produce 26,577.84 m3/year of water, fulfilling crops’ needs, and the economic analysis proves it is worth the investment, as demonstrated by a benefit cost ratio of 1.90.

Design of a Human Detection Robot during Disaster

Abstract: Disasters can disrupt economic and social balance of the society. Many people die while trapped under debris during natural disasters or manmade disasters. This is because their presence was not able to detect by the rescue team as many challenges arises in the disaster area. After any disaster, it is crucial to rescue defectors. Sometimes the rescue team cannot reach many parts of disaster affected area due to the inability to search for the live person in the debris. In order to detect a human body, a robot is equipped with a specific set of sensors that provide information about the presence of a person in the disaster areas. Passive Infrared Sensors (PIR) are the most widely used sensors for surveillance, it detects the alive person who is stuck in the damage caused by disaster. The temperature sensor analyses the temperature around the disaster area. Fire sensor alerts the system if there is any fire accident around the damaged area. Gas sensors alerts the system user so that they can take necessary protocol before rescuing someone. A wireless camera that can transmit live video in low light conditions to the rescue team outside the vicinity. When a human is detected, to get the location of the victim GPS and GSM module is used.

Contemporary Amelioration of Educational Parlance towards Exclusion and Disparity: “Digital Village”

Education is an institution that is merely to bridge the disparity between exclusions and marginalization towards the polymers of ameliorating the digital Village. The offset and onset concept of adoption of the digital learning rather online learning in this contemporary society, which is suffering from the challenges of various social balance has divided socioeconomic groups according to certain levels of efficacy. There are initiatives by the government to compensate this disparity, but the compensation of adopted learning solutions are creating a technological gap, a progressive gap, a fundamental creation of utilization of a leveraged educational access towards the unequal distribution of quality, prevailing in the society. The costs of digitization is not merely economical, rather its social, its cultural, and it's a barrier towards the part of access to the commonality. Understanding the ground reality, education became a prerequisite of ‘digital village’, that approaches to “technological fix” for extraordinary parlance that provokes contemporary inequalities towards marginal and exclusionary dimensions of various groups and communities prevailing in the society. We can't forbid the fact of gender sustainability, which is inclusive towards socioeconomic access lagging behind the necessary increasing digitalized interconnection. accentuated with the transformation that unfolds the growth of individuals rooting out the bias of gender. In this paper, we will talk about economies that enables the use of technology to create a gender gap, to create accessing gap and benefiting the margins of digital revelation. The important wage differences between the skilled men and women characterizes the digital intensive which is a bottle of leads of the age group helping amelioration of mitigating the divide. As a caring responsibilities to upskill and retrain the rapid evolution which provokes marginalization but mitigates inequality includes the time frame required for the analytical paper to be more substantive. We are bound to the fact that we make locally circumvolant and distributive swords to the prioritized developed entitlements. Estimating the cost of downtrodden marginal equity, we can see the dropouts levels of the rural area from the education, we can see the baits to keep the girls life alive and make them literate as a strategy rather the parlance of welfare. To identify the existing violence of evidences relevant for the digital gender gap outlining the possible actions of various policy making this multi-faceted approach of articulation will definitely analyse the importance of Education, in the curriculum design and its implication with the importance of intervention to bridge the literacy gap, to average the redesigning of educational training curriculum and also the chapters in the paper will focus upon quantitative and qualitative terms to provide the issues of contemporary society relating to the biggest share of subscribers to the affordable availability of digital village.

DISGNOSTIC CONTABLE FINANCIAL ECONOMIC AND ADMINISTRATIVE D E LAS ORGANIZATIONS OF THE POPULAR AND SOLIDARITY ECONOMY OF ECUADOR

The organizations from the real sector of the Popular and Solidarity Economy are relevant and transcendent institutions by the dynamization of the economy of the country, its products and services are the reference for the acceptance of the people, their coverage and presence have generated change in the matrix Productive sectors of strategic sectors and seek to combine good living with collective participation. It has served to apply the group economy, generating strategies of expansion of market allowing to apply the priority of the work on the capital and of the collective interests on the individual ones.
 The loyalty of its members is the main way that the organizations implement in this new millennium, has created diverse ways and strategic tools that generate management in the involved and actors of each way of associativity that the nonfinancial sector has.
 The development of the present investigation allowed to demonstrate the application by the organizations of the principles stipulated in the current legal framework of Ecuador (Organic Law of Popular and Solidarity Economy, LOEPS), the appropriate way of structuring an organization of Popular Economy and Solidarity within the Non-Financial Sector that allows an effective administration for its economic development and of its members, so that it can fulfill its fundamental objectives such as the search for a good life and the common good
 The organizations that are part of this sector have undertaken new strategies to generate permanence and satisfaction in each activity that the members perform, seeks to increase the gears of development and become the differentiator of the national economic system; Self-management and fair trade are of high priority; the quality of the administrative models used is their current strategy in the structure of real sector of the associations and/or cooperatives.
 The partner or partner will be the main actor of the organizations, and its best ally with the implementation of the system proposed by the control body that is the Social Balance.

Personal and Social Balance as a Result of Self-understanding of “I-Identity”

This article is devoted to the analysis of research and study of self-understanding in psychology. New approaches to this problem are highlighted and a theoretical analysis of the self-understanding of “I-Identity” is reflected. It also examines the methodological foundations and problems of studying self-understanding both within the Western and Russian traditions of studying the phenomenon of “self-understanding”, a comparative analysis of these definitions is carried out, with the allocation of the category of “I” (I as a construct) and the phenomenon of “Self” / “Selbst” / self and self (English / German / Russian as a pronoun and as a noun) in order, based on the conditional differentiation of the concepts of “I” and “Myself”, to theoretically substantiate and meaningfully reveal the integral phenomenon of “self-understanding of Self-Identity” as a result of finding a balance between personal and social identities of a person in modern society.

Eğitim Kurumu Yöneticilerinin Kayırmacı Tutum ve Davranışlarının Sonuçları

In this study, where the results of nepotistic attitudes and behaviors of educational institution managers are examined, it is aimed to provide qualitative content support to researchers who will conduct research on this topic by contributing to the literature on the consequences of nepotism. The expectation of individuals in the business environment is based on equality, justice and receiving the response, behavior and appreciation that they deserve. Education managers should be equidistant from each employee at this point. They should evaluate teachers not according to kinship, gender or their closeness to people, but according to the quality of the work done. If there is favoritism in the educational institution, it can be clearly seen that education managers exhibit nepotistic attitudes. Education administrators, even if they are in an unfair situation, have a nepotistic attitude when they protect and protect the people they feel close to. There are also relations of interest in educational institutions where there is nepotism. As is traditionally the case in many cultures, nepotistic behaviors are often observed in our culture. Because in our society, relationships come before merit. Education managers often exhibit nepotism behaviors in issues such as fair distribution of workload and performance evaluation. For this reason, according to the level of empathy of teachers, whether educational administrators are fair in their nepotistic attitudes and behaviors can be understood from the trust felt in educational administrators and their constructive, analytical approaches in the field of education. Educational administrators working in educational institutions should manage their affairs by taking into account the principles of fairness and openness. Thus, education managers will have drawn a picture away from nepotism by keeping an equal distance from their colleagues. As a result of nepotism practices, the human resource, which is the most important element of the organization, cannot be managed in the desired way and this situation negatively affects the performance, which is the organizational product of the educational institution. While the private sector is affected to a limited extent, this impact is felt more intensely in the public sector, which costs the entire society. It has been determined that due to the nepotistic attitude applied by education managers, the absenteeism rates of educational institution employees have increased, their desire to quit their jobs has increased, and as a result of these attitudes, a working area has been formed in which the trust institution Decays, where a distinction is formed between employees close to or far from management. The expression of nepotism appears as an important problem that causes inequality from a social point of view and deeply affects society. As a result of the loss of social balance, an environment of chaos occurs in society, but there may be consequences that reduce the trust of citizens in public institutions and organizations. Trust in other public institutions and organizations, especially educational institutions, is disappearing, the anxiety level of educational staff and public employees, hence their desire to quit their jobs, is getting stronger, and corporate interest and loyalty are weakening. Key Words: Educational Institution, Educational Administrator, Nepotism

THESOCIAL BALANCE, ITS ANALYSIS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE EFQM MODEL AND ITS IMPACT ON SOLIDARITY ECONOMIES

In compliance with the second general provision of the Organic Law of Popular and Solidarity Economy (LOEPS), the organizations subject to this law, will incorporate to their management report the SOCIAL BALANCE; In the framework of legal compliance this research aims to demonstrate the fusion of the theoretical foundations of the EFQM Model of excellence in the management of Organizations of Popular and Solidarity Economy applying the principles and fundamentals of quality in the macro dimensions defined within the model Of Social Balance proposed in Ecuador.
 For this study we used the field research and the descriptive, in addition to the deductive, inductive and analytical methods, and the techniques of the survey and observation, as a conclusion has been obtained that the methodologies fusion proposed by the Control Entity are Which are indispensable in the application of the EFQM model, the analysis of the results of the Social Balance in relation to the theory has been divided into two groups: the first five are the Facilitating Agents or Agents Criteria in which are the leadership, people, strategies, alliances And resources and processes, products and services, which describe how results are achieved, and must be proven by documentary evidence.The last four are the Results Criteria where we find: results in people, results in the members of the organization, results in society and key results, these describe what has resulted in the organization after the theoretical application of the EFQM model And the dimensions of the Social Balance from the management perspective with quality.The model has the logical scheme REDER which allows planning, doing, checking and acting on the criteria and results, so it is recommended to prioritize the quality standards in which EPS organizations must improve urgently, to ensure their operation and fulfill With the principles established in Article 4 of the LOEPS.

Making sustainability laws work while treating our addiction to growth: an application of scarcity multiplier theory

ABSTRACT Planning laws promoting sustainable development have not stopped the depletion of natural capital and global life-support systems, fuelling arguments for degrowth and transitions to steady-state economies. To address this weakness, we employ scarcity multiplier theory (SMT) in a case study of Tasmania, Australia, where planning laws have the statutory objective of promoting sustainable development. By drawing on two seminal contributions of John Kenneth Galbraith, his squirrel wheel and problem of social balance, SMT explains how we fail to limit growth to match natural capital capacity. This application of SMT shows that new industrial developments in regions with circumstances similar to those of Tasmania produce two forms of unsustainability: ‘unsustainability of satisfactions of wants’ and ‘unsustainability of per capita abundance of natural capital’, the former producing an addiction to economic growth. We thereby argue that applications for approval of new industrial developments under Tasmania’s planning laws should be rejected unless these expansions are countered by a commensurate contraction elsewhere in that economy. In addition, we employ SMT to identify deficiencies in those planning laws that stop them producing sustainable development, demonstrating a need to reform government (and planning) to prevent such failure.

The transformation of EU migration legislation: causes and consequences

The subject of the study is the migration situation in EU. Against the background of global socio-economic transformations, the EU is facing multifaceted problems in managing migration processes, acting as one of the most attractive areas of modern migration. Mass migration flows are a natural companion of globalization and the policy of openness promoted by many States. The purpose of this article is a comprehensive analysis of migration processes in the EU, focusing on the theoretical foundations, dynamics and current issues. Special attention is paid to the transformation of migration legislation in the EU member states in the period 2020-2023. The revealed data on new migration projects in the EU countries make it possible to trace the dynamics of changes in official EU legislation on this issue and formulate proposals for resolving the crisis situation. The methodological basis of the research is a systematic approach and the theory of multilevel management. The systematic approach was used in the work to identify the causes and consequences of the transformation of EU migration legislation within the framework of an integrated set of migration processes. The theory of multilevel management considers the issue both at the national level and at the level of the European Union. The novelty of the research lies in the development of scientific discourse on migration processes in the European Union. An in-depth analysis of migration dynamics in the EU, and as a result, the reasons for the transformation of migration legislation, expands the understanding of migration control mechanisms, and also evaluates the participation of EU member states in the formation of migration policy. The research contributes to the awareness of the interactions between migration and other socio-economic processes, which is significant for the academic community and the creation of educational programs. The practical significance of the study lies in its contribution to the formation and improvement of the EU migration policy. Based on the collected data and analytical conclusions, recommendations can be made to improve the current mechanisms of migration management, strengthen integration processes and maintain social balance.

Xenomania in the guise of xenophobia: intimidation for the sake of foreign domination

The article reveals a psychological dichotomy of foreign language borrowings, which, like disabled prostheses, are used by a Ukrainian person in the absence of certain bodily organs, there is no x e n o m a n i a, although the borrowed and obsessively implanted xenophobia is actively settled in the mass consciousness of citizens. Long since, Ukrainians have been dissuaded from xenophobia, they’ve been accustomed to perceiving foreign as their own and, moreover, to the directed perception of foreign as much better than their own, in order to then accuse them of stealing other people’s intellectual property and of the innate inability to create a worthy one of their own. In this analytical context, the prejudice that the Ukrainian language exclusively borrows other people’s words and concepts is wrong, because without this it is incapable of full functioning – creating its own lexical forms to reflect the ever-changing world. An attention is paid to the psychological means of destroying the consciousness of Ukrainian generations as colonized, for whom any speakers-units of other languages, except the humiliated language of the conquered people, were suitable. The main thing in this psychosocial humiliation is that the superior uses linguistic constructs incomprehensible to the aborigines, confusing and disorganizing their consciousness. A psychological mechanism of the violence of the external over the internal is highlighted, as a result of which the processes of psychomental maturation acquire those manifested forms that make it impossible for the appearance of acceptable ones. The external fills the lacuna of the internal, and thereby the civilization receives a standardized and therefore secondary personality, stamped in his internal on the conveyor belt of the external expansion of psychosocial pressure. Examples illustrate a psycho-content landscape of societal dangers of devaluation of one’s own, and with it, of every citizen, by exalting a foreign, not created by one’s own efforts, work, and mind. The basic principles of psychohygiene of a human and society are revealed that determine the balance of mutual attitudes, in violation of which dysfunctions, disharmonies and, as a result, pathologies of functioning are arisen. It has been noted that the dysfunction that arose under the influence of adverse circumstances leads to disharmony, first of all, in the perception by Ukrainianity their own We-image and Self-image by every single person in it, which is dependent on distorted public self-esteem. The main psychohygienic principle of a social balance between stability and changes is substantiated, which requires psychologists to restore the balance of attitudes in the dichotomy of xenophobia and xenomania, that the proposed article invites readers to study.

Social Balance Ball: Designing and Evaluating an Exergame That Promotes Social Interaction between Older and Younger Players

As the population ages rapidly, there is a strong focus on the healthy aging of older adults. A central part of healthy aging is keeping people connected in later social life. Exergames are recommended as one of the coping strategies to help improve health and quality of life in older adults. In our study, we developed an exergame called Social Balance Ball to engage older and younger people to play together, encouraging social interaction between generations. From May to July 2021, we evaluated this exergame in Shanghai, China, performing a user experiment with 18 unfamiliar young-old pairs under three test conditions (virtual player, mediated human player, and co-located human player). To evaluate the exergame, our main findings demonstrated that participants felt significantly perceived social interaction in mediated play and co-located play than in virtual play. Overall, older participants perceived significantly higher social interaction than younger participants. In this study, we contribute (1) empirical research findings on how the Social Balance Ball exergame enhances social interaction in generations; (2) design implications for informing future design and development of social exergames.

The state in the post-war industrial recovery and economic renewal: historical parallels and approaches for Ukraine

In 2022, Ukrainians are experiencing the most tragic events since the Second World War - the full-scale invasion of Russian troops into Ukraine has led to numerous casualties, the destruction of cities, and the disruption of infrastructure and industrial facilities. Since the first days of the war, the dependence on the industrial imports (primarily for military purposes) became obvious, as well as the fact that the ensuing socio-economic crisis cannot be overcome with domestic resources alone - both now and even after the end of the war. This prompts the search for mechanisms to ensure the stability and recovery of Ukraine's economy. The purpose of the article is to generalize the global experience of prioritizing the industry in the state policy of the leading countries of the world under the conditions of severe tests, to illustrate the implementation by the state of the functions speeding up economic recovery; and to propose conclusions and recommendations for Ukraine. The article shows the place of industry in the policy of recovery, gaining economic independence and increasing the country's power. Using historical examples, the authors demonstrated that during 300 years the state has influenced the industry through targeted political levers and institutional frameworks, generating the optimal results of measures aimed at restructuring to overcome the consequences of wars, epidemics and crises. It is substantiated that under the severe ordeals, the state has played a leading role in economic recovery, implementing a number of functions - administration and moderation, stimulation and catalysis, integration and cooperation, entrepreneurship and consumption, conservation and protection - to speed up the development of national industry as a source of the stabilization of employment, domestic and foreign investment, inflation, foreign trade and the financial sector, contributing to national social balance and well-being. The authors propose a conceptual approach to the functions of the state during post-war recovery of Ukraine's economy, ensuring economic stability and growth based on the national industry.