Reference Center For Social Assistance Research Articles

Frailty and social support of the elderly in contexts of social vulnerability

Objective: to analyze the relationship between of frailty and the family social relationships of the elderly in a context of social vulnerability. Methods: a cross-sectional study with elderly people enrolled in five Reference Centers for Social Assistance. Sample for convenience composed of 247 elderly. For data collection, a sociodemographic questionnaire, Edmonton Frailty Scale, Genogram and Eco-maps were used. Social vulnerability characterized according to Social Vulnerability Index. Results: of the respondents, 41.7% did not present frailty, 21.5% were apparently vulnerable and 36.8% frail. There was no significant difference between frailty and family relationship. There was significant difference between frailty and external attachment (p=0.010), indicating that elderly individuals with frailty at some level had a limited external link. Conclusion: elderly people who have a close relationship with family members, did not present frailty, while the majority of the elderly who do not have external ties, presented some level of frailty.

Retorno à Sociedade: Percepções e Experiências de Ex-Detentas

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo identificar a percepção de ex-presidiárias sobre o retorno à vida social e à vida profissional, sobre suas impressões quando da detenção e sobre suas relações com a família e a sociedade. Para isso, foi feita entrevista semiestruturada com cinco mulheres atendidas pelo CRAS (Centro de Referência de assistência Social) do município de Criciúma que já cumpriram a pena e hoje vivem em liberdade. Foi possível identificar que algumas mulheres sofreram discriminações por serem ex-presidiárias, corroboradas por morarem em bairros com alto índice de criminalidade. E, ainda, foi identificado que suas experiências punitivas durante o momento de detenção não as prepararam para retorno a sociedade. Com isso, conclui-se que a falta de programas de ressocialização para o retorno ao convívio social e reingresso no mercado de trabalho dificultam a reinserção social destas mulheres. Sugere-se que uma nova pesquisa seja realizada com maior grupo de participantes e também com seus familiares, para melhor compreensão da temática.

As relações entre as famílias e a equipe do CRAS

This article deals with the families’ perspectives regarding the work done at the Reference Center for Social Assistance (CRAS) of Belo Horizonte, emphasizing the relations established with the team. This discussion is based on the partial results of the research funded by CNPq/FAPEMIG. The research aims to analyze relationships in the territory of a Reference Center of Social Assistance (CRAS) in Belo Horizonte, emphasizing the social work management style between the team and families. This study uses intervention research as methodology and the ideas of Deleuze and Guattari as theoretical framework. From the semi-structured interviews, collective interviews and meetings with team and family, we conclude that the team relationship with the family is still a challenge in the daily life of the CRAS as well as the sustaining of social promotion. These challenges emerge in points like favor, judgment and responsibility of women.

Association between food, physical activity, and social assistance environments and the body mass index of schoolchildren from different socioeconomic strata.

The aim of this article was to evaluate associations between body mass index (BMI) and use of and distance from subjects homes of elements of the food and physical activity environments and use of social assistance environment, in schoolchildren from 7 to 14 years living in Florianópolis (South Brazil), stratified by monthly family income. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a probabilistic sample of 2152 schoolchildren. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to test for associations between BMI and the use of and distance from supermarkets, bakeries and farmers' markets; use of and distance from parks/playgrounds and football pitches; and use of health centers, Reference Centers for Social Assistance, instructional facilities, residents associations, religious groups and a Brazilian program for cash transfer. Overweight and obesity rates were 21.5 and 12.7%, respectively. Among schoolchildren from low-income families, living more than 11 min' walk from parks/playgrounds was associated with higher BMI (β = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.33-0.73). In the high-income strata, a longer distance from home to football pitches was associated with lower BMI (β = -0.49; 95% CI = -0.69; -0.29). Neither food nor social assistance environments were associated with BMI of schoolchildren, even when analyzed by income strata.

Musicalização: memórias, experiências e sensibilidades na terceira idade

Este artigo, recorte de uma pesquisa acadêmica, teve como objetivo analisar as práticas educativas em musicalização na terceira idade, mobilizando memórias e experiências como construção de sentidos e relações com o cotidiano. Para concretização da pesquisa desenvolvemos experiências com um grupo de 30 idosos num Centro de Referência de Assistência Social e num Centro de Artes, oportunizando-lhes revisitarem memórias a partir de práticas educativas em musicalização, bem como apreciação musical. A pesquisa, de abordagem cartográfica, pautou-se nas narrativas e experiências dos idosos por meio de práticas educativas em musicalização, buscando potencializar esses dois espaços e valorizar as suas ações cotidianas. Os resultados apontaram que a musicalização reativou a memória dos idosos por intermédio de vivências das músicas e letras de outras épocas de suas vidas, mobilizando-os a valorizar o ontem como essencial no seu dia a dia. Fazer e apreciar música oportunizou o compartilhamento de ideias e sentires.

“Em nome da mãe”: performatividades e feminizações em um CRAS

Resumo: Neste artigo, são apresentadas descrições etnográficas de um Centro de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS), equipamento do Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS), com o intuito de compreender a performatividade de gênero e sexualidade na Política Nacional de Assistência Social (PNAS). A proposta de diminuição das desigualdades de gênero é um dos propósitos desta política que reconhece as mulheres como agentes da proteção social, principalmente no contexto familiar. A forma como essas políticas vêm se organizando acaba por performatizar as feminizações por meio de uma “biopolítica da maternidade” que se operacionaliza, de forma concreta, nas práticas, repercutindo diretamente nos processos de subjetivação e na configuração da gestão das relações familiares e sociais.

Frailty and cognitive performance of elderly in the context of social vulnerability

Elderly who live in the context of social vulnerability have lower education and socioeconomic status.Objective:To analyze cognitive performance as a factor associated with frailty status in elderly living in contexts of social vulnerability.Methods:An exploratory, comparative, cross-sectional study using a quantitative method was conducted with elderly people registered at Social Assistance Reference Centers. A semi-structured interview, the Edmonton Frail Scale and Montreal Cognitive Assessment were applied. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. To analyze the data, a logistic regression was performed considering two groups (frail and non-frail).Results:247 elderly individuals participated in the study, with a mean age of 68.52 (±SD =7.28) years and education of 1-4 years (n=133). All the elderly evaluated resided in vulnerable regions. Regarding frailty, 91 (36.8%) showed frailty at some level (mild, moderate or severe) and 216 (87.4%) had cognitive impairment. On the regression analysis, frailty was associated with number of diseases (OR:1.60; 95%CI: 1.28-1.99) and cognition (OR:0.93; 95%CI: 0.89-0.98).Conclusion:Identifying level of frailty and cognition in socially vulnerable elderly reinforces the need for early detection in both these conditions by the public services that provide care for this population with a focus on prevention.

A (não)cidadania em um serviço de assistência social

Este artigo objetiva discutir sobre a condição de (não) cidadania, investigando como o Estado lida com a exclusão e a marginalização dos não cidadãos através das políticas públicas. O trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir da experiência de Estágio em Clínica Ampliada na Clínica de Psicologia da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia em um Centro de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS), com participação ativa na rotina do serviço acompanhada de supervisões e grupos de estudo. Como resultado, deparamo-nos com desafios e possibilidades de trabalho nesse espaço, sendo isso fortemente evidenciado no grupo realizado com moradoras de um assentamento que compunha o território, do qual relatamos uma cena. Através disso, concluímos que os não cidadãos vivenciam diversas formas de violências que marcam suas vidas e produzem sofrimento e o serviço acaba (re)produzindo ausência de cuidados e de ações efetivas para transformar o discurso da marginalidade socialmente atribuída à pobreza.

INFLUENCE OF TRAINING POLICIES IN THE COLLECTIVE HEALTH STAGE: THE EXPERIENCE IN A UNIVERSITY

Introduction: The Unified Health System (SUS, in portuguese) presents, among its functions, the ordering of the training of human resources in the health area in the country. In order to systematize this, the National Curricular Guidelines (DCN) of the undergraduate health courses were instituted. Soon, the Institutions of Higher Education (IES) were instructed to train professionals to work in the SUS. Thus, it was advised that these courses developed activities focused on the field of collective health, focused mainly on Primary Health Care (APS). Objectives: To report on the experience of an interprofessional work experience in the Integrated Stage in Collective Health in a public IES in the state of Alagoas; To reflect on how training policies are being put into practice. Methods: 33 field diaries were analyzed by trainees. The internship had a workload of 4 hours per week, in which activities were planned, supervised and developed in an integrated way. Results: The internship took place in a Family Health Unit and Social Assistance Reference Center, with students from Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy. This period was initially marked by difficulties of interaction among the trainees, both in communication and in the elaboration of resources, but it was noticed that this is inherent in teamwork. The trainees acknowledged that the IES attends the DCN, contributing positively to its formation. Conclusion: It is important to maintain policies for training in APS, not only the Speech-Language Pathologist, because the interprofessional practice based on the DCN and the Organic Law of SUS provides a formation that pervades the individual sphere.

THE ACADEMIC FORMATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF POPULAR EDUCATION AND HUMANIZATION IN HEALTH: REPORT ON THE EXPERIENCE OF THE COMMUNITY HEALTH DISCIPLINE

Objective: To report how a discipline of the Nutrition course, at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Macae Campus , starts academic training from the perspective of humanization and the principles of popular education in health. Methodology: It is an experience report of the first-term discipline called Community Health. To build this report, the guiding documents were the National Policy for Humanization, Reports of Popular Education in Health, National Curricular Guidelines of Nutrition Undergraduate Course and the Pedagogical Project of the Course. Results: The discipline has a mostly practical workload and involves fields of action of primary healthcare, such as Family Health Strategy, and basic protection, as a Reference Center for Social Assistance. The students' experience in these services enables them to approach reality and to know the demands, potentialities and difficulties of health work, aiming at the training of generalist, humanist and critical professionals, as recommended by the documents analyzed. The discipline is based on an innovative pedagogical approach, with a dialogical exhibition of contents, movies and documentaries to foster discussions and exposition of concepts. In addition, as a resource of the teaching-learning process and evaluation, the portfolio is used to stimulate reflective thinking and train professionals able to provide comprehensive and humanized care. Conclusion: Through a dialogical methodological approach of an interactive and active character, it is sought to begin the formation of general practitioners within a more complex and humanized and less biologicist perspective. DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2017.28408

HEALTH EDUCATION TO PROMOTE HEALTHY AGING WITH ELDERLY PATIENTS AT A REFERRAL CENTER FOR SOCIAL ASSISTANCE (CRAS) IN SINOP-MT

Nursing care for the elderly should aim to promote elderly health and reduction of foreseeable risk factors, as well as value and institute measures to the greatest possible degree of autonomy and independence in the elderly in relation to his life and especially about his Cheers. With this view, we carried out a study with 16 members aged from Linkages Strengthening Group of a Social Assistance Reference Center (CRAS), the municipality of Sinop - MT, to enhance understanding of the elderly as the promotion of health through education about risk and protective factors of the most common diseases and health problems among the elderly. We used the action research as a methodological reasons, because this means turning the subject both at the level of thought and in action. The results of this research showed a female predominance in the participation of older age groups, increased participation of older widows with education of 01 years to 04 years. The perception of the elderly as the educational activity performed was satisfactory, reporting that the dynamics of the talks were good, important and promoted new information. It was also found through most of the elderly respondents reported the need for health education activities for this audience. It is concluded that the elderly incorporated into their daily health promotion measures learned in the educational activity, with improvements in quality of life. As well, the need to implement more health education programs for the elderly aimed at promoting healthy aging.

Tentativa de suícidio por ingestão de soda cáustica. Aspectos psicológicos e sociais. Relato de caso grave

A ingestão de soda caustica (SC) e substâncias corrosivas, como tentativa de suicídio no adulto, tem sido uma ocorrência freqüente, causando graves queimaduras no esôfago e sofrimento. O sucesso do tratamento de paciente com um episódio depressivo depende essencialmente da qualidade da relação médico-paciente. A Psicóloga e a Assistente Social possuem um papel fundamental, resgatando vínculos familiares e provendo assim a sua reinserção como portador de direitos e resgate de sua autoestima que foram perdidos ao longo do tempo, inserindo a família no processo doença-saúde e recuperação. O estudo contou com aplicação de questionários específicos pela Psicóloga seguidos de atendimentos e entrevista pela Assistente Social. Foi realizado durante a internação em um período de 14 meses. A paciente foi operada para reconstrução do trânsito alimentar. Na evolução apresentou pneumonias graves de repetição, teve a traqueostomia definitiva, passando a ingerir alimentos líquidos e pastosos via oral com facilidade. Apresentava quadro depressivo grave, moderada ansiedade e com idéias suicidas. A Psicologia e a Assistente Social estiveram ligadas a esses cuidados, encaminhando o caso para o Centro de Atendimento Psicossocial (CAPS) onde está sendo conduzido com atividades diárias, além do suporte territorial do Centro de Referencia de Assistência Social (CRAS). Apesar de tratar-se de doença adquirida benigna, as complicações existentes podem limitar ou impedir a vida normal e a qualidade de vida dos doentes. É importante e fundamental que os pacientes com essas complicações tenham apoio multidisciplinar da equipe que o assiste, principalmente do ponto de vista psicológico, social e humano.

UM ESTUDO SOBRE PROGRAMA BOLSA FAMÍLIA (PBF): O CASO DOS MUNICÍPIOS QUE INTEGRAM A ASSOCIAÇÃO DOS MUNICÍPIOS DA ZONA DA PRODUÇÃO (AMZOP)

O estudo teve por objetivo verificar e descrever a situação dos municípios de abrangência da AMZOP, em relação ás famílias inscritas no cadastro único para programas sociais do governo federal (CADÚNICO) e beneficiários no recebimento do programa bolsa família (PBF). Trata-se de um estudo que possui uma abordagem metodológica do tipo quanti-qualitativa e quanto aos objetivos a pesquisa é do tipo descritiva. Os dados primários foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas com os responsáveis do Centro de Referência de Assistência Social dos 42 (quarenta e dois) municípios que integram a AMZOP. Os resultados indicam que 17,79% dos inscritos no CADÚNICO, possuem renda de até R$ 77,00 por mês, o qual fica dentro de uma faixa de renda definida como de pobreza e extrema pobreza. Em relação ao PBF, os resultados indicam que em 20 municípios sua população apresenta dependência, acima da média nacional de 21,64%. Estes municípios apresentam o número de beneficiários do PBF, que variam entre 21,65% a 32,96% de sua população. O município de Jaboticaba é o que possui o maior número de famílias dependentes no recebimento do PBF. São 507 famílias. Já o município de Barra Funda é o município que possui apenas 13 famílias.Palavras-chave: Programa Bolsa Família (PBF), Municípios, AMZOP.

Use of dietary supplements and associated factors in elderly from the Social Assistance Reference Centers in Porto Alegre, Brazil

Objetivo : Verificar a frequencia de uso de suplementos alimentares e fatores associados numa amostra de idosos cadastrados nos Centros de Referencia em Assistencia Social (CRAS) de Porto Alegre – Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Metodos: A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista com 86 idosos cadastrados nos CRA S e com uso de questionario padronizado contendo informacoes demograficas, socioeconomicas, dados de saude e de uso de suplementos alimentares, alem da afericao das medidas antropometricas de peso (kg), altura (m) e circunferencia abdominal (cm) e posterior classificacao do Indice de Massa Corporal e risco cardiovascular. Resultados : A media de idade foi de 72 anos, mais da metade dos idosos consideravam seu estado de saude regular, julgavam a qualidade da alimentacao como boa e praticavam atividade fisica, 10,5% eram fumantes e 91,9% apresentavam doencas cronicas. A frequencia de uso de suplementos alimentares foi de 50,0% e o produto mais utilizado foi o Carbonato de Calcio. A maior parte dos suplementos foi prescrita por medicos, comprada em farmacias e a principal fonte de informacao citada foi a televisao. Conclusao : Concluimos que existe um elevado consumo de suplementos alimentares por idosos, e que a principal fonte de informacao sobre os produtos alimentares e a televisao. Sendo assim ha necessidade de melhorias na comunicacao entre profissionais de saude e idosos, oferecendo informacoes adequadas sobre os suplementos alimentares e diminuindo riscos a saude dos idosos.

As práticas da psicologia na rede de proteção social básica da assistência social

During the Psychology internship it was necessary to review the Psychology practice, concerning the social commitment of the profession, facing the challenges of the practice in the Social Work field in a service of social protection the Single Social Assistance System. This report discusses experience on the functioning of the Social Assistance Reference Centers, the psychologist's role in this space. From the analysis we are faced with questions about the practice theoretical relationship of the profession and its preventive and protective character in care for families and users who sometimes repeats the usual positions of welfare and traditional clinic. So the challenge look of psychology is indispensable in this space to keep the movement of awareness and questioning.

Reporting of violence against children and adolescents in a protective institution in southern Brazil.

This study aimed to analyze the reports of violence against children and adolescents in the period between January 2009 and May 2014 in a municipality protection institution of Rio Grande, RS. This is a descriptive and documentary study with a quantitative approach that analyzed 800 medical records of Specialized Reference Center for Social Assistance (CREAS), from the development of a research instrument containing the study variables. The results show that 44.5% of the notifications sent to the protection of organs were carried out by family members and evidence of physical signs was the reason that triggered them (34%). The dismissing by abandonment of families is very present in the institution (36.9%), which possibly supports the maintenance of the cycle of violence. The results of this study show that although there were improvements regarding the notification by the family, the number of notifications made by the health and education sectors are still reduced, thereby increasing the need for more effective and articulated actions in these sectors.

Blood pressure, heart diseases and lifestyles of elderly

Objectives: to investigate the blood pressure values; to identify the history of cardiovascular diseases and lifestyles of elderly at a social assistance reference center. Methods: cross-sectional study, conducted with fifty elderly. A form with questions regarding social data, history of diseases and lifestyles was applied. In sequence, the blood pressure was checked. Results: it was observed that 73.3% of the elderly had pressure alterations. Systolic alterations were identified in 73.3%, and diastolic, in 10% of the elderly. The most frequently referred cardiovascular diseases were hypertension (70%), diabetes mellitus(38%) and dyslipidemia (32%). The most common risk factors were current or past use of tobacco whether active (68%) or passive (26%), and physical inactivity (48%). Conclusion: people with altered blood pressure and associated risk factors were identified. This situation may contribute to directing nursing care and addressing the real needs of elderly population.

Resíduos sólidos como ferramenta de educação ambiental para Grupos do ProJovem do Centro de Referência de Assistência Social Um Lugar Ao Sol

Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida junto ao Centro de Referência de Assistência Social - CRAS Um Lugar ao Sol, pertencente à Secretaria de Desenvolvimento Social do Município de Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul. O CRAS Um Lugar ao Sol fica localizado na zona leste do Município de Cruz Alta, no Bairro Jardim Primavera II. O público alvo deste estudo foram os jovens pertencentes ao Coletivo de ProJovem Adolescente do referido CRAS, com idades entre 15 e 17 anos, estudantes da Escola Maria Bandarra Westphalen, do mesmo bairro. Foi avaliada a atitude dos jovens para com o Meio Ambiente e incentivado a mudanças de hábitos e práticas que promovam o consumo consciente e a destinação adequada aos resíduos domésticos. Para tanto, os jovens se organizaram em grupos e realizaram o experimento de coleta dos resíduos orgânicos de suas próprias residências durante quatro semanas, observando o peso destes resíduos e fazendo o apontamento de todo o processo de decomposição dos mesmos para a elaboração de compostagem. Os apontamentos feitos pelos grupos ao final do trabalho foi debatido por todos com resultados positivos em relação ao interesse na utilização destes resíduos domésticos como compostagem. Dentro do contexto do ambiente socioassistencial às diferentes formas com que os usuários das políticas públicas vivenciam em seus trabalhos na família, comunidade, em suas lutas diárias pela moradia, por saúde, por assistência social pública, cidadania e questões ambientais a Educação Ambiental, pode, ainda, servir como mediadora entre o social e o ecológico, entre os cidadãos e a sociedade, pois a ampliação e a consolidação da cidadania são princípios que garantem os direitos civis, sociais ou políticos. A saúde e o bem estar da população dependem da qualidade do Meio Ambiente onde ela se encontra inserida e pode servir de instrumento na construção de uma sociedade mais justa e sustentável.

Report on the Educational Process for the Promotion of Health of Women Attended in a Reference Center of Social Assistance

This article discusses one experienced by students and preceptors of Programs Pro-Pet-Health and Health of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte/Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairí in the Reference Center for Social Assistance (CRAS) in the municipality of experience Santa Cruz/RN, with a view to the relationship between preventive health activities and social assistance. The proposed work of Pro-Pet in the assistance unit sought to unravel the lifestyle of the target audience in order to know the risk factors and suggest the adoption of health measures for disease prevention. Work to guide the educational process for health promotion with socioeconomic and cultural contextualization built on scientific papers surveyed in Lilacs and Scielo data was used. On average, 12 women aged between 35 and 60 years participated in the group. Eight group sessions occurred in the period from March to May 2014. Regarding work methodologies, we used dynamic integration and self-knowledge; dialogued lectures; lectures; reports of experiences; thematic workshops; educational videos; wheels conversation complemented by the use of texts and poems; as well as application of the checklist in conducting health and anthropometry. The experience helped identify the characteristics of the group and plan understandable and meaningful guidance for women, facilitating the understanding of the importance of self-care in preventing disease.

Portugues

Introduction: The gestational period is characterized as a time of transformation in women's lives, because, beyond the physical and physiological changes are also observed changes in emotional state. Thus, there are several changes that occur in the pregnant woman's body systems. Objectives: To assess the knowledge of pregnant women about proper positioning during AVD's. Method: The work it was a cross-sectional, quantitative in nature, held at the Reference Center for Social Assistance (CRAS). Pregnant women in all trimesters of pregnancy over the age of 18 years. The research was conducted through a semi-structured questionnaire with objective questions. Results: It has been confirmed, the knowledge of pregnant women about the correct placement in the realization of some postures in their activities of daily living such as: throwing, lifting, pulling and sweeping water, and not knowing about these sitting posture and grasp objects being in high places high importance at this stage, so getting clear the high levels of the same discomforts in this important phase. Conclusion: However, it is known and confirmed that pregnant women enrolled and treated at CRAS city MARIZOPOLIS-PB, are knowledgeable of some postures like throwing, lifting, pulling and sweeping water, which is extremely important to its current state. For both unaware of crucial positions for the day-to-day like to sit down and pick up objects in high places, the data show that they were unaware of the correct way. Therefore it is of paramount importance for the guidance of the same means of lectures, workshops and primarily during their attendance at antenatal.