Abstract This study investigates the economy-wide effect of land rent in Thailand, addressing a gap in the literature by focusing on the distribution of land rent income across different household groups. Using a Social Accounting Matrix that disaggregates land rent from capital return, the study applies Structural Path Analysis to trace the effects of sectoral growth in the five sectors with the highest land rent on household incomes. Results reveal considerable disparities in income distribution, with land rent income heavily concentrated among the richest households. The study further evaluates the potential of redistributive policies to mitigate these inequalities through a multiplier model. Two counterfactual scenarios are explored, reallocating 10% and 25% of land rent income from the richest households to poorer households. Findings suggest that redistributing land rent income can significantly reduce income inequality. These results offer valuable policy insights, emphasizing the need for targeted land rent redistributive measures to promote equitable economic growth in Thailand.

This study develops an updated national Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Greece, based on the 2020 Input–Output Table that captures post-crisis structural and macroeconomic transformations, implemented in Python 3, hence producing a reusable, modular code. This methodological approach facilitates multiplier-based policy analysis of how shocks propagate through the Greek economy, and therefore, this study contributes to the literature by addressing the gap in multiplier analysis for this setting. Output, value-added, and income multipliers were estimated using the Moore–Penrose pseudo-inverse via Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). Findings highlighted the substantial role of government transfers in supporting household and firm incomes, largely due to COVID-19 relief measures. This analysis showed that production expansion in energy, construction, and wholesale and retail trade can stimulate broad economic activity, while service-related sectors play a critical role in income generation and equity considerations. At the same time, firms in trade, hospitality, and real estate were heavily affected by the pandemic shock. The findings of this study provide a benchmark for understanding Greece’s economic structure at a critical moment in time (the COVID-19 pandemic).

A scoping review and taxonomy of epidemiological-macroeconomic models for livestock diseases.

Economic inclusion and quality of life: Assessing the impact of integrating people with disabilities into Saudi Arabia's labor market.

This study empirically examined the effect of sustainability accounting on the financial performance of commercial banks in Cameroon from 2018 to 2023. The study focused on how economic, environmental, and social sustainability accounting dimensions influence key financial indicators (Return on Assets and Net Interest Margin). The study employed an ex post facto research design and purposive sampling to select 10 of 19 commercial banks. Purposive sampling was used to select commercial banks that had complete financial statement data for the six (06) years, ranging from 2018 to 2023, consistently filed their annual reports, embraced sustainability accounting in line with global best practice, and integrated sustainability information into their annual reports. Sustainability accounting indicators were obtained from the Global Reporting Initiative. The economic, environmental, and social dimensions were used as independent variables. They were measured using a scoring index derived from previous studies, while Return on Assets and Net Interest Margin served as the financial performance metrics. Data from the selected banks were obtained from secondary sources (Audited financial statements). The analysis involved panel regression and descriptive analyses using E-Views 2025. Results indicated a significant relationship between sustainability accounting dimensions and Return on Assets and Net Interest Margin. The findings suggest that the economic, environmental, and social sustainability accounting dimensions have a notable impact on the Return on Assets and Net Interest Margin of commercial banks in Cameroon. The study recommends that commercial banks in Cameroon should formally integrate economic frameworks into their accounting and reporting systems to monitor their sustainability impact and financial performance continuously.

Kenya’s tourism energy transition: environmental social accounting matrix analysis of direct, indirect, and feedback effects

Purpose This study aims to explore the ontological aspects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) (the integration of conventional CSR with dimensions of CSR derived from the Qur’an and Sunnah), leading to the conceptualization of a methodological framework for Islamic social responsibility (ISR) or social accounting. Design/methodology/approach The research uses a qualitative approach, namely, a literature study, by conducting interpretative (content analysis) of texts in CSR books written by past scholars, annual reports of public companies in Indonesia in 2021, the Qur’an and Sunnah, using the Islamic rational burhani method and maqosyid sharia. Findings The research findings indicate that the ISR methodology can be developed by integrating or internalizing the elements of ayat kauniyah (existing CSR theories or concepts) with the CSR elements found in the Qur’an and Sunnah, using the Islamic rationalist approach and maqashid sharia methodology. Ontologically, the universe is the creation of the One and Only (monism), so every element within it has similarities and patterns that can be combined/integrated. The results of this ISR methodology are further referred to as the ISR methodology based on Monism (IMM). Research limitations/implications The study uses an interpretative paradigm by using rational reasoning and maqashid al-sharia when constructing the ISR methodology foundation, which may result in speculative values when implemented empirically. Therefore, further research is recommended to test this empirically or through experimentation. Practical implications The results of this study offer a new concept that can be used as a methodological foundation for developing ISR. The IMM positions social responsibility not only based on economic rationality but also considers social and religious motives, so that CSR can be implemented correctly in accordance with its original spirit and be more humanistic and egalitarian. Social implications The IMM produces CSR that is not only corporate-oriented but also stakeholder-oriented, thereby enhancing the value and effectiveness of CSR for society at large, with a humanistic and egalitarian content for society in a sustainable manner. Originality/value The distinction of this research is demonstrated by the integration procedure between conventional science (CSR) and Islamic science, which ontologically originates from a single monism of existence, namely, Allah SWT. The integration procedure involves the internalization of elements from kauliyah and kauniyah verses that share similarities and patterns, using the Islamic rationality of burhani and maqashid sharia.

The abstracts published in the conference proceedings book Corporate Governance: Scholarly Research and Practice present a diverse array of international research topics, divided into four sessions: board of directors’ practices, sustainability and corporate social responsibility (CSR), accounting and auditing, and general issues of corporate governance. More specifically, modern corporate governance models focus on aspects such as: adaptive corporate governance, board diversity and corporate performance, artificial intelligence (AI) and corporate governance in the digital age, governance mechanisms for climate change and environmental issues, and CSR from an environmental, social, and governance (ESG) perspective. Through these models, companies seek to achieve the right balance between governance, strategy, long-term value creation, responsibility towards shareholders, risk management, including sociopolitical hazards, and the assumption of ethical obligations towards key stakeholders. This approach goes beyond simple compliance with internal and external rules and principles.

During their studies, our students in Jyväskylä University School of Business and Economics (JSBE) produce a considerable number of texts, coursework, and other material that is often only recognized as given credits. By making visible student work already during studies, we aim to recognize the effort put in work, promote peer learning, and encourage scientific knowledge building. This publication is one of the means to make visible teaching and learning activities at JSBE. The publication focuses on our strategic focus areas, thus promoting JSBE’s competence and differentiation when shared and distributed in networks. Publication is not limited to written texts but can contain different forms of knowledge production. Showcasing different types of course work, we are also recognizing the teaching effort put into courses. The inspiration to the publication came from Finland Futures Research Centre. They have published the most prominent students’ papers already starting in 2016. “Coolest student papers at Finland Futures Research Centre 2023-2024” (Aalto et al. 2024) was already the ninth of such collections. Other faculties have published also their own collections. We noticed that one such is published in University of Jyväskylä: Veikko Halttunen (2025) edited a collection of student papers as perspectives on responsible digitalization. The first JSBE Spotlight focuses on coursework related to sustainable business and economy, one of the core competencies in JSBE. Three courses contributed to this publication: Human rights, business, and the environment, Social and environmental accounting, and Qualitative and quantitative research in CEM. The courses, reasons for selection, and the coursework will be presented in the following sections. eDuring their studies, our students in Jyväskylä University School of Business and Economics (JSBE) produce a considerable number of texts, coursework, and other material that is often only recognized as given credits. By making visible student work already during studies, we aim to recognize the effort put in work, promote peer learning, and encourage scientific knowledge building. This publication is one of the means to make visible teaching and learning activities at JSBE. The publication focuses on our strategic focus areas, thus promoting JSBE’s competence and differentiation when shared and distributed in networks. Publication is not limited to written texts but can contain different forms of knowledge production. Showcasing different types of course work, we are also recognizing the teaching effort put into courses. The inspiration to the publication came from Finland Futures Research Centre. They have published the most prominent students’ papers already starting in 2016. “Coolest student papers at Finland Futures Research Centre 2023-2024” (Aalto et al. 2024) was already the ninth of such collections. Other faculties have published also their own collections. We noticed that one such is published in University of Jyväskylä: Veikko Halttunen (2025) edited a collection of student papers as perspectives on responsible digitalization. The first JSBE Spotlight focuses on coursework related to sustainable business and economy, one of the core competencies in JSBE. Three courses contributed to this publication: Human rights, business, and the environment, Social and environmental accounting, and Qualitative and quantitative research in CEM. The courses, reasons for selection, and the coursework will be presented in the following sections.

Social Accounts for the ocean: A path to inclusive and equitable ocean decision-making

ABSTRACT This commentary calls for a renewed and critical engagement with anti-corruption in social and environmental accounting (SEA) research by foregrounding the political, institutional, and cultural dynamics that shape governance in African contexts. It argues that anti-corruption reforms, when introduced into political systems structured by informal politics, reciprocity, and patronage, are often reconstituted to serve rather than challenge elite interests. From a Western perspective, such reforms appear as governance ‘failures’, yet, within African political economies, they operate coherently by sustaining hybrid systems of authority and accountability that reflect local logics of power. This dynamic complicates dominant anti-corruption narratives in SEA, revealing that accounting-based reforms designed to promote transparency and sustainability can inadvertently reinforce existing power asymmetries and overlook local accountability practices. By conceptualising corruption and anti-corruption initiatives as intertwined processes within both local and transnational systems of wealth extraction, the paper positions Africa as a source of theoretical innovation for rethinking how SEA engages with accountability, justice, and global sustainability. It calls for decolonial approaches to anti-corruption that recognise how global frameworks interact with local institutions, producing outcomes that are socially embedded, politically negotiated, and often far removed from Western notions of institutional success.

Purpose This paper conceptualizes double materiality assessment (DMA) in social and environmental accounting (SEA) as an organizational change process. By shifting the focus from technical compliance to transformative practice, it seeks to open new avenues for research on how DMA can drive substantive sustainability impact within organizations. Design/methodology/approach The study employs a longitudinal, revelatory single-case study design of a multinational resource-based company. Through abductive reasoning, empirical data are iteratively analyzed and integrated with organizational change theory to develop an enhanced process model and a conceptual grammar for DMA. Findings The analysis identifies four key drivers: attitude, engagement, accountability, and progression, that enable and shape the organizational change potential of DMA. The findings demonstrate that DMA unfolds as a negotiated, recursive process, embedded in cultural, institutional, and political dynamics, rather than as a linear compliance exercise. The enhanced DMA process model shows how organizations can move from symbolic implementation to substantive transformation through iterative sensemaking, distributed agency, and embedded accountability, induced by DMA engagement. Originality/value This paper advances theory by articulating a grammar of DMA that foregrounds its socio-economic and political dimensions, moving beyond technical-rational models. It conceptualizes DMA as an active agent in organizational change, offering a new lens for studying the dynamics and impact of SEA. Practically, it provides a structured process and actionable drivers for integrating sustainability into organizational systems and decision-making, supporting both compliance and meaningful transformation.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to quantify the role of social and environmental accounting (SEA) on corporate environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure toward sustainable competitive advantage (SCA). The paper also explores whether stakeholder pressure (STP) and top management commitment (TMC) are moderators on the above links. Design/methodology/approach The quantitative research method was conducted through a data set collected from a survey of the opinions of 182 Chief Executive Officers/Chief Financial Officers in Vietnamese manufacturing firms. Findings Using partial least squares structural equation modeling, the results discovered that SEA as a prerequisite has a positive contribution to ESG disclosure. The authors also find that increasing ESG disclosure leads to a higher level of SCA. Through this, an indirect influence of SEA on SCA through the mechanism of ESG disclosure is also confirmed. Besides, the study also shows that at higher levels of STP and TMC, the positive impact of SEA on ESG disclosure becomes stronger. Furthermore, STP acts as a catalyst to enhance the contribution of ESG disclosure to SCA. These findings support dynamic capability and stakeholder theories. Originality/value This paper advances the literature by unveiling SEA as a prerequisite for effective ESG disclosure and establishing its indirect effect on SCA. Furthermore, this study introduces a novel dual-moderation framework, highlighting the moderating roles of STP and TMC in strengthening these relationships.

Purpose This study has two objectives. First, it incorporates income and expenditure accounts into the Nigerian economy’s production structures. Second, it conducts an impact analysis on the nexus of income and expenditure to examine the economic impact of reduced cocoa bean exports during COVID-19. Design/methodology/approach The study employs an extended multisectoral model (EMM) on a social accounting matrix (SAM) to incorporate the income and expenditure of the institutional sectors into the production structures. Later, the study identifies key commodities using linkage analysis. Furthermore, the study empirically investigated the economic impact of cocoa bean export reduction amid COVID-19. Findings The findings posit that “motor vehicles and assembly,” “construction,” “transport; road, water and rail,” and “financial institutions” remain key commodities in the exogenous and endogenous income-expenditure setups, underlining their significance in the economy. However, commodities such as “cassava unprocessed,” “oil refining,” “fertilizers and chemical products,” “plastic and rubber products” and “broadcasting,” which were key in the exogenous setup, do not retain their dominance in the endogenous setup. On the other hand, the impact analysis finds a decline in GDP, household consumption, public expenditure, and aggregate investments by 0.892%, 0.884%, 0.824% and 0.902% respectively. Research limitations/implications A major limitation of this study is the reliance on the 2010 SAM, which, although it captures fundamental structural linkages, may not fully reflect recent economic changes. Building and upgrading the SAM using more current data would reveal more robust and sectoral dynamics in future studies. Another limitation is that the current study is static. Future studies can calibrate dynamic input-output or computable general equilibrium models for more insightful findings. Originality/value The originality and value of this approach lie in its integrated strategy to economic recovery, combining targeted policy interventions, public–private partnerships and data-driven decision-making. By focusing on key commodities like motor vehicles, assembly and infrastructure, it ensures efficient resource allocation. Using an EMM on a SAM highlights the importance of evidence-based policymaking tailored to specific challenges. Encouraging export diversification and innovation in commodities like processed cassava creates new growth opportunities, reducing reliance on traditional commodities and enhancing economic stability.

This study underscores the evolving needs for corporations to dovetail their functions with mounting socioeconomic perspectives, contemplating sustainability and mormon’s obligation. It enlivens importance of integrating non-financial metrics like social, environmental, and ethical indices into corporate decision-making system for panoramic decisions. Corporations must report to society regarding the ventures it adopts apropos its’ responsibility to the outskirts. Social accounting and social audit are quintessential instruments that uphold businesses to appraise and report their societal security contributions beyond financial performance. The paper explores the conceptual framework of these practices, evaluates their cutting-edge application in India, and identifies barriers and opportunities for meliorations in Indian context. Findings accentuate relevance of social accounting and audit in flowering ethical discourse, catenating non-financial metrics, and nurturing transparency. Essentially, these practices green-light organizations to eloquently corroborate long-term resilience and obey their social obligations.

Afghanistan grappled with a severe food insecurity crisis, with two out of every five individuals experiencing acute food insecurity. The country heavily relied on imports, with cereals accounting for 66 percent of imports and wheat accounting for 73 percent of calories. This study scrutinized the influence of changing agricultural import tariffs on macroeconomic variables and food availability. The short-term impact of agricultural import tariffs was evaluated using GAMS software, utilizing a computable general equilibrium model and a social accounting matrix. Four diverse scenarios were investigated, focusing on changes in import tariffs for various agricultural products. The findings revealed that lower tariffs resulted in augmented imports and declined domestic output, whereas the opposite trend occurred with tariff upsurges. Scenario C analysed the effect of a 50 percent change on the agricultural import tariff rate of 6.12 percent. Wheat imports increased nearly 1 percent with a decline in tariffs, while they diminished by almost 22 percent with a surge in tariffs. All agricultural categories were affected, except for opium and forestry. The study volumes, lower labor and capital sharing rates, higher supply prices, and lower domestic output. To ensure food security, the government needed to advocate for scenarios that reduced tariffs, particularly through a comprehensive liberalization policy.

The global professional sports market has evolved from a leisure economy segment into a highly profitable industry. In certain countries, its share of the GDP exceeds two percent. However, current national accounting systems only partially record sports activity, which impairs the precision of macroeconomic assessments and increases the risk of inefficiently subsidizing infrastructure projects. This article aims to develop an integrated methodological framework that can quantitatively measure the economic impact of professional athletes by combining an analysis of their income structure with a multi-level evaluation of multiplier effects. This methodology relies on the combined use of a social accounting matrix (SAM) to calculate direct, indirect, and induced effects, computable general equilibrium (CGE) models to simulate long-term resource and price shocks, and the synthetic control method to verify results after the event. A human capital module and a tax incidence analysis complement the core design. The empirical dataset is compiled from the OECD, Eurostat, Transfermarkt, Forbes, and national tax registers. The study systematizes the ten main ways athletes generate income and ranks their contribution to gross value added quantitatively. The findings reveal that sponsorship agreements and media rights generate the highest multipliers, outperforming the creative and tourism sectors. However, the effectiveness of transfer fees and prize money depends on the recipient country’s tax regime. The proposed model allows for the evaluation of the fiscal impact of sports investments and the establishment of transparent reporting requirements for leagues and clubs. This article's scientific contribution lies in integrating three complementary methods—SAM, CGE, and synthetic control—into a single analytical construct that mitigates their individual limitations and ensures cross-country comparability. The results are practically relevant in that they have the potential to harmonize statistical standards, optimize fiscal mechanisms that support sports, and inform evidence-based economic policy for developing the sports industry.

The primary purpose of this research is to explore the role of social accounting in managing institutional arrangements and resource allocation in the AI-based financial sector. The study follows a descriptive-exploratory design, aiming to investigate and describe the various aspects of AI adoption in the financial sector. The research will also examine how social accounting frameworks can be adapted to assess the broader impacts of AI. The findings suggest that while AI has the potential to enhance efficiency, innovation, and competitiveness within the financial sector, its adoption raises significant challenges. Financial institutions must undergo institutional restructuring to align with regulatory expectations and ensure transparent, ethical AI practices. Financial institutions must adapt their governance models to incorporate AI technologies while ensuring transparency, accountability, and ethical compliance. Future research should expand the scope of this study by including a larger and more diverse sample of financial institutions globally.

The article examines the innovative activities of enterprises in the field of biofuel production in the context of sustainable development and the principles of the circular economy. The study focuses on the growing importance of bioenergy as one of the main directions in overcoming modern energy, environmental, and resource challenges. It is determined that the effective functioning of enterprises in the biofuel sector requires comprehensive accounting and analytical support, which ensures the economic feasibility of innovations, reducing environmental burden and achieving social effect. The need for modernization of accounting systems, considering the environmental component and assessing the effectiveness of innovations based on a system of key indicators (KPI), including economic, environmental, social accounting, and analytical indicators, is identified. Particular attention is paid to implementing Business Intelligence (BI) and Big Data tools to improve the quality of management decisions and reporting transparency. The article provides examples of the implementation of bioenergy projects in Ukraine, particularly regarding bioethanol, biogas, and biomethane production. The potential of Ukraine as an agrarian state in creating an adequate bioenergy infrastructure is demonstrated, considering the available raw material base and geoeconomic prerequisites. The economic feasibility of building biogas plants and the prospects for developing the domestic and export biofuel market are separately analyzed. The need to adapt accounting practices to the requirements of sustainable development is substantiated, particularly the integration of environmental indicators into financial reporting, which allows for practical assessment of innovations in biofuels. The article contains proposals for improving accounting and analytical tools and is relevant for scientists, analysts, and practitioners dealing with energy transformation issues and green economy development.

This study examines the accounting practices of the Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC) in Palembang during the Palembang Sultanate, which not only represented economic activities but also functioned as a tool of colonial power. Trade activities at that time involved relationships between regions, kingdoms, sultanates, and foreign countries. The VOC, as the representative of the Dutch, conducted accounting records in trade activities in Palembang. This study aims to reveal how VOC accounting practices became part of the economic and political domination strategy over the Palembang Sultanate. The study employs Social Construction Theory and Conventional Accounting Theory. The method used is qualitative with a heuristic approach to 18th-century VOC archives. Data was collected through document studies, archives, photographs, and manuscripts obtained from the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia and private collections. The findings reveal that VOC accounting practices were not neutral activities but were used to control commodity flows, set prices, and negotiate local power. These practices reflect efforts to strengthen colonial hegemony through accounting instruments. The findings of this study confirm that VOC economic record-keeping during the Palembang Sultanate was an important part of colonial economic and political strategy. Additionally, this research contributes to colonial history studies by demonstrating that trade archives are not merely sources of economic data but are also rich in ideological and power-related meanings.