In this work, plant-mediated SnO2 NPs were green synthesized using Justicia adhatoda plant leaf extract, and the synthesized SnO2 powder was doped with Se nanorods at various concentrations (10 %, 20 %, and 30 %). The synthesized sample was characterized using XRD, HRSEM, SEM-EDAX, SEM-EDS, TEM, UV–Vis, and FTIR spectra. Furthermore, we investigated the antibacterial activity of P-SnO2 NPs and Se-doped P-SnO2 NPs at various concentrations of selenium (10 %, 20 %, and 30 %) against three gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumonia) and one gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) using the agar disc diffusion method. Furthermore, an antioxidant activity (DPHH) and cytotoxicity study (HepG2) were performed. Morphological analysis was used to identify the P-SnO2 nanoparticle shape as spherical in shape and the Se nanoparticle shape as a nanorod. The TEM image reveals that 30 % of the Se-doped P-SnO2 NPs exhibit an inner core structure. The TEM image used to identify the size of P-SnO2 NPs is 64 nm, and the Se nanorod is 4.06 nm. The 30 % Se-doped P-SnO2 NPs demonstrate good bacterial activity compared to P-SnO2, and 10 % and 20 % Se-doped P-SnO2 nanoparticles. Antioxidant activity: 30 % Se-doped P-SnO2 NPs show an excellent IC50 value compared to others; the IC50 values of 30 % Se-doped P-SnO2 NPs are 33.71 µg/ml. The cytotoxicity of 30 % Se-doped P-SnO2 NPs exhibits an IC50 value of 121 µg/ml against the HepG2 cell line. So, it is very useful for medicinal applications.
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