Channa Striata Research Articles

The effect of stabilizer type on the stability of snakehead fish (Channa striata) extract dispersion

Snakehead fish (Channa striata) extract in the form of dispersion is one of the innovations in the development of snakehead fish products. Snakehead fish extract dispersion is a product in the form of a mixture of syrup (dispersion) made from snakehead fish extract raw materials, honey, and other additives. However, the syrup/dispersion products produced in previous studies have not been completely stable. This is indicated by the presence of precipitation during dispersion storage. Therefore, it is necessary to choose the right type of stabilizer to overcome this. The aims of this study were to obtain the best stabilizer for producing a stable snakehead fish extract dispersion. The method in this study was to make a dispersion of snakehead fish extract with three different stabilizers, namely xanthan gum (0.3%), carrageenan (0.1%), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (0.6%). Then we analyzed the viscosity, phase separation ratio, and redispersibility. The results showed that xanthan gum has a better level of stability than carrageenan and CMC, with a viscosity value after storage of 1, 3, 5, and 7 days, respectively 53.97 mPa.s, 51.67 mPa.s, 51.50 mPa.s, and 51.17 mPa.s. While the viscosity value of carrageenan during storage is 1, 3, 5, 7 days, respectively 5.27 mPa.s, 5.20 mPa.s, 4.90 mPa.s, and 4.50 mPa.s, and storage of CMC 1, 3, 5, and 7 days, respectively 642.67 mPa.s, 505.33 mPa.s, 452.00 mPa.s, and 297.33 mPa.s. The results of the phase separation ratio analysis showed that the stabilizers xanthan gum and CMC did not experience phase separation during storage for 1, 3, 5, and 7 days. Meanwhile, the carrageenan stabilizer at storage 1, 3, 5, and 7 days has a successive phase separation ratio of 43.81%, 40.34%, 39.47%, and 39.47%. The results of the redispersibility analysis showed that the CMC stabilizer and xanthan gum were not redispersible during storage 1, 3, 5, and 7 days. While the carrageenan stabilizer has the same redispersibility value during storage 1, 3, 5, and 7 days is one time shuffling.

Fortification of carrot (Daucus carota L.) and snakehead fish (Channa striata) in bagea product for nutrition fulfillment patients of type II diabetes mellitus (DM)

Sago (Metroxylon sago) is generally found in central and eastern Indonesia. The nutritional content of sago flour per 100 grams is 94 g of carbohydrates, 0.2 g of protein, 0.2 g of fat, 14 g of water content, and 355 cal of calories. Sago flour also has a low glycemic index of <55. One of the sago product developments is Bagea, typical Sulawesi cookies made from sago that can be fortified with local natural resources such as carrots and snakehead fish flour. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best composition, to determine the chemical characteristics of the bagea products produced after fortification, and to analyze the glycemic index and glycemic load levels of the bagea so that it is safe for consumption by people with Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The stages of this study were sample preparation, bagea making with two treatment factors in the form of variations in the concentration of snakehead fish flour (10%, 15%, 20%) and variations in physical treatment in the form of carrots (flour, puree, juice) of 15 grams each. The results obtained were the best formulation of 85% sago flour: 15% snakehead fish flour with fortification treatment of carrot flour, carrot juice, and carrot puree of 15 grams each. The conclusion obtained was that bagea (85% sago flour: 15% snakehead fish flour) with fortification treatment of carrot juice and carrot puree has a high IG category (>70). However, it is still safe to be consumed by DM Type II sufferers with a BG value of 9.44 each for bagea fortification of carrot juice and 9.60 for bagea fortification of carrot puree (low BG<10) if consumed as much as 20grams/serving dose.

Penentuan Kadar Albumin Ikan Gabus (Channa striata) dengan Metode Biuret setelah Dikukus dan Dipepes

Snakehead fish (Channa striata) is a type of freshwater fish that contains high levels of protein albumin. The research was conducted to determine the albumin content in snakehead fish after the cooking process, both steamed and wrapped. The research was conducted using a completely randomized design with a factorial pattern, the first factor was the cooking method (steamed and wrapped) and the second was cooking time (10, 15, 20, and 20 minutes). Determination of protein albumin levels in snakehead fish after processing using the Biuret method. The steaming process for 15 minutes resulted in protein content in the snakehead fish of 0.76%, while the protein albumin that was lost was 19.28%. The wrapped method for 20 minutes has a remaining protein content of 0.59%, while the missing protein is 38.78%. The method of processing snakehead fish by steaming is better than the wrapping process.

Effect of various extraction times on the physicochemical properties, functional groups, and microstructure of snakehead fish Channa striata skin–scale blended gelatin

Effect of various extraction times on the physicochemical properties, functional groups, and microstructure of snakehead fish Channa striata skin–scale blended gelatin

Analysis of the ability of Channa striatus gut-derived Lactococcus garvieae bacteria to reach and persist in the gut environment along with extracellular metabolites and its behavior against common fish pathogens

Exploration of gut microbiota is a resource for researchers to study the range and role of micro-organisms. Exploring gut microbiota of fishes that survive in harsh environmental conditions, catches eye that opportunity of finding new strain may be more. The present study was undertaken to explore the gastrointestinal tract of adult Channa striatus collected from Doaba region of Punjab. A total of 34 isolates were isolated and screened for antimicrobial activity against fish pathogens: Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Four of these isolates were Gram positive. Of these four isolates, only one isolate PMS1 showed good antimicrobial activity against the Aeromonas hydrophila. The isolate exhibited high tolerance to low pH and strong adhesion capability. The isolate was found susceptible to all tested antibiotics. Based on in vitro assessment, biochemical and 16srRNA analysis the strain was identified as Lactococcus garvieae. Furthermore, extracellular metabolites were isolated and analyzed through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry technique. The results revealed the presence of two compounds (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11- Hexaethylcyclohexasiloxane and 2, 6 Lutidine 3, 5 dichloro-4- dodecylthio-). This study concludes that the isolate showed positive in vitro results and the metabolites do not confirm the pathogenicity of the strain. The findings suggest that further studies are required to evaluate the effect of Lactococcus garvieae PMS1 in fish.

Impact of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) fresh meal on the growth performance, digestive enzymes, hematology, and intestinal histology of cork fish (Channa striata)

Impact of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) fresh meal on the growth performance, digestive enzymes, hematology, and intestinal histology of cork fish (Channa striata)

Non inferiority trial of Channa striata extract on endothelial glycocalyx layer protection in septic patient: a prospective cohort study

Introduction: Sepsis causes significant damage to the endothelial glycocalyx layer, which albumin can protect against. Unfortunately, human albumin is quite expensive, so cheaper substitutes must be found without sacrificing effectiveness. Albumin extract Channa striata is one that is commonly used in Indonesia. Objectives: Conducted a non-inferiority study between human albumin and Channa striata extract in protecting the glycocalyx layer through syndecan-1 levels. Materials and methods: Prospective cohort study of adult patients with early sepsis with hypoalbuminemia (&amp;lt;4 g/dL) treated at ICU Dr Moewardi Hospital between May and October 2021 and got human albumin or Channa striata extract as therapy. The Channa striata group was oberved in two separated groups. The control groups with human albumin 20% 100 ml single dose and the Channa striata group with 15 gram extract of Channa striata in two days, then syndecan-1 levels were compared before treatment and on the third day of the study. Results: We discovered a statistically significant decrease in syndecan-1 levels in both the study (p = 0.013) and control groups (p = 0.027) from the 44 samples we obtained. Conclusion: In both groups, we found a significant decrease in syndecan-1 levels. This demonstrates that Channa striata extract is not inferior to human albumin in terms of glycocalyx layer protection. And it has a higher economic value because the price is lower.

COMPARISON OF ANTIBACTERIAL CHITOSAN OF HARUAN FISH SCALES (Channa striata) WITH Chlorhexidine gluconate AGAINST Lactobacillus acidophilus

Background: Lactobacillus acidophilus plays an important role in the development of caries, especially advanced caries. Mouthwash such as chlorhexidine is the main choice to prevent the colonization of caries-causing bacteria, but in long-term use it causes side effects, so that new, more biocompatible materials are needed, namely chitosan of Haruan fish scales (Channa striata), which contains an amine group (Nh2). Purpose: To analyze and compare the antibacterial effectiveness of chitosan haruan fish scales at concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% with chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% on the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria. Method: True Experimental Laboratory Research with a procedure consisting of making chitosan from Haruan fish scales through the processes of deproteination, demineralization, and deacetylization followed by an antibacterial test with 5 treatment groups on the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria using the diffusion method with inhibition zone parameters on the test material. Result: Haruan fish scale chitosan has the lowest antibacterial effectiveness, namely a concentration of 2.5% with an average inhibition zone value of 8.6 mm, and the highest is a 10% concentration with an inhibition zone average value of 21.3 mm, and a concentration of Haruan fish scale chitosan. 10% had antibacterial effectiveness comparable to 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate against the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria. Conclusion: Haruan fish scale chitosan concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% had antibacterial effectiveness against the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria, and a concentration of 10% was comparable to 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate in inhibiting the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria. Keywords : Caries, chitosan haruan fish scales, Lactobacillus acidophilus.

Species Diversity of Freshwater Fish in Lake Toba using Shanon Wiener

The diversity of fish in Lake Toba is a natural resource that can increase the fulfillment of the protein needs of the people living around Lake Toba. This research is to find out: (1) the classification of fish found in Lake Toba; (2) the diversity of fish in Lake Toba. Fish found in Lake Toba consist of goldfish (Cyprinus carpio), red devil cichlid fish (Amphilophus labiatus), blue phancax fish (Aplocheilus panchax), Batak fish (Neolissochilus sp), Ikaan Rasbora Tobana (Rasbora tobana), selur fish. Maninjau (Osteochilus vittatus), Mystacoleucus Padangensis Fish (Cyprinidae), Tilapia Mossambica Fish (Tilapia Mosammabica), and Channa Striata Fish (Channa Striata). The diversity index of freshwater fish species in Lake Toba shows a moderate level of diversity, namely H' = 1.831.

Non-inferiority trial of Channa striata extract on endothelial glycocalyx layer protection in septic patients

Background: Sepsis causes significant damage to the endothelial glycocalyx layer, which albumin can protect against. Unfortunately, human albumin is quite expensive, so cheaper substitutes must be found without sacrificing effectiveness. Albumin extract called snakehead fish extract (SHFE) is one that is commonly used in Indonesia It is also called Channa striata extract. We conducted a non-inferiority study between human albumin and SHFE in protecting the glycocalyx layer through syndecan-1 levels.&#x0D; Methodology: It was a prospective cohort study of adult patients with early sepsis, treated at ICU of Dr Moewardi Hospital, between May and October 2021. The study group was divided by giving Channa striata extract 15 mg/day for two days and the control group was given 20 grams of human albumin on the other day, and then syndecan-1 levels were compared before treatment and on the third day of the study.&#x0D; Results: We discovered a statistically significant decrease in syndecan-1 levels in both the study (P = 0.013) and control groups (P = 0.027) from the 44 samples we obtained.&#x0D; Conclusion: In both groups, there was a significant decrease in syndecan-1 levels, proving that Channa striata extract is not inferior to human albumin in terms of glycocalyx layer protection. And it has a higher economic value because the price is lower.&#x0D; Key words: Sepsis; Channa striata; Albumin; Syndecan-1; Glycocalyx&#x0D; Citation: Permana SA, Hartono H, Purwanto B, Indarto D. Non-inferiority trial of channa striata extract on endothelial glycocalyx layer protection in septic patients. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2023;27(4):523−527; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v27i4.2278&#x0D; Received: May 15, 2023; Reviewed: June 22, 2023; Accepted: June 22, 2023

The Fisheries of Liguasan Marsh, North Cotabato, Mindanao, Philippines

Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) Regional Office 12-National Stock Assessment Program (NSAP) covered six sampling stations around Liguasan Marsh to conduct a stock assessment on the freshwater fishes landed in Bagoinged, Datu Mantil, Malingao, Matilac, Ponol, and Tombras in North Cotabato, Philippines. The study was conducted from 2015 to 2017. Results of the study showed that Channa striata, Cyprinus carpio, Labeo rohita, and Oreochromis niloticus were the most common freshwater species caught by the fishing gears operating in Liguasan Marsh. A total of 13 species were found during the study; ten were introduced and three were native. Data analysis using length frequency data of the dominant freshwater species in Liguasan Marsh was found to be alarming. Froese and Lbar performance indicators were already breaching the limit reference points. In addition, exploitation rates were observed to be above the limit of 0.6, and the distribution of the length sizes of the dominant fishes caught showed excessive capture of immature sizes. Therefore, the study recommends continuing stock assessment activity and conducting further studies in Liguasan Marsh to investigate further the stock status of the fisheries in Liguasan Marsh, North Cotabato.

Heavy Metals in the Striped Snakehead Murrel Channa striata and Sediments of Lake Mainit Philippines with Notes on Piscine Micronuclei Occurrence

Lake Mainit is the deepest lake in the Philippines, with sporadic documentation of various types of aquatic pollution. This paper reports the heavy metal content in the muscles of the striped snakehead murell Channa striata and bottom sediments from five stations across Lake Mainit using quadrupole-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (Q-ICP-MS). The micronuclei (MN) formation in erythrocytes of C. striata was also assessed for potential genotoxicity. The relative order of the average concentrations of heavy metals in C. striata samples across all stations is Zn&gt;Cu&gt;Cr&gt;Ni&gt;As&gt;Pb&gt;Cd. As per international safety standards, fish muscle samples across all stations have exceeded the permissible limits of Cu, Ni, and Zn, which has implications for health risks in humans consuming this important fish commodity. The relative order of the concentrations of heavy metals in sediments is Cr&gt;Ni&gt;Cu&gt;Zn&gt;As&gt;Pb&gt;Cd, where Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb, and Zn exceeded safety standards. The MN assay revealed that 98% of the erythrocytes assessed (N=147,000 RBCs) have normal cell morphology. Of the 2% of erythrocytic nuclear alterations (ENAs), 55% are found to be fragmented-apoptotic cells, while 31% are elongated or reshaped. The MNs in C. striata are relatively minimal at 2%. While the MN assay implies that C. striata from Lake Mainit are not at risk for potential genotoxic injury, the present study calls for seasonal monitoring for heavy metals in sediments and other fishery resources in Lake Mainit.

Food Habits of Snakehead, Channa Striata (Bloch), in Aquatic Habitats: a Review Literature

Snakehead fish as a fish of high economic value is currently still caught through nature where cork maintenance has not been widely done. Snakehead fish contains high protein, good for health can also for recover damaged. This investigation intends to produce findings from earlier research into the feeding patterns of snakehead fish (Channa striata) in aquatic environments. Because it can serve as a resource for the public and other parties in terms of ecological and biological studies as well as serve as a guide for activities involving the farming of snakehead fish, this study literature is fascinating to address the feeding habits of snakehead fish (Channa striata). Fish fries are the principal diet for carnivorous snakehead fish. when zooplankton or other tiny crustaceans are more commonly consumed by snakehead fish larvae. This disparity in eating patterns is determined by things including fish kind, age, food availability, environment, and fish size. Due to the lack of food, the effects of the season, and the time spent searching for food, snakehead fish are found to have an empty stomach in both their larval and adult stages.

Performance of hatchery-produced and feed-weaned fingerlings of striped murrel Channa striata (Bloch, 1793) in biofloc system in the subtropical climate

The performance of hatchery-produced and pellet-feed-weaned fingerlings of striped murrel, Channa striata (Bloch, 1793) was assessed in the biofloc tanks for growth and survival, in a subtropical climate. The rearing was undertaken in two phases with an increase in fish size. In the first phase, fingerlings (weight 1.94±0.71 g, length 6.29±0.81 cm) were stocked @ 200 m-3 in the biofloc tanks, which were reduced to 15 m-3 in the second phase using the same stock. The fish attained a length of 25.44±1.81 cm and weight of 149.60±28.58 g in 10 months with overall survival of 93% at the end of the second phase. The total fish biomass recorded was 9.7 kg m-3 at the final harvest. The growth parameters were found temperature-dependent, which recorded 15±1.0 to 28±1.5ºC and 'W' values were found to follow Fulton's cube law during the entire culture period. The exponent (b) of 3.278 was recorded as the highest in July 2020 and lowest at 2.210 in December 2020. The lowest R2 was 0.768 and highest 0.943 during December and April respectively whereas, the recorded ‘K’ of 0.611 was the lowest in winter and highest being 0.908 in August. The study demonstrated a higher culture potential of striped murrel with hatchery-produced and feed-weaned seed in the biofloc system with zero-water exchange. Keywords: Condition factor, Fulton's cube law, Growth, Production, Survival, Zero-water exchange

The Extract Of Ophiocephalus Striatus Affect Levels Of TNF-Α, TGF-Β1, IL-17 And SuPAR, Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity For Carbon Monoxide, And Health-Related Quality Of Life In Stable COPD Patients With Muscle Wasting

Objective — This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Ophiocephalus striatus extract on body composition, levels of TNF-α, TGF-β1, IL-17, suPAR and neutrophils, diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in stable COPD patients with muscle wasting. Methods — Clinical pre- and post- quasi-experimental study of 32 stable COPD patients with muscle wasting from the Pulmonary Outpatient Clinic of Saiful Anwar General Hospital Malang, determined in accordance with the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2016 and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measurements (FFM &lt;14.6 kg/m; BMI &lt;18.5 kg/m2). Measurements of the following health-related parameters for the QoL due to COPD were performed before and after the nutritional intervention of 3,000 mg of O. striatus extract daily for 12 weeks: TNF-α, TGF-β1, IL-17 and suPAR levels (by ELISA), neutrophils (by blood test), DLCO (by body plethysmography), and CAT score. Results — A non-significant reduction of TNF-α (p=0.302), IL-17 (p=0.275), neutrophil (p=0.619), and suPAR (p=0.674) levels, along with an increase in DLCO (p=0.369), occurred after 12 weeks of O. striatus extract administration. However, the level of TGF-β1 declined significantly (p=0.022), followed by an increase in QoL as assessed by the CAT score (p=0.000). There was no significant correlation between inflammatory cytokines and DLCO, nor with the CAT score. Conclusion — The study results demonstrated a potential role of oral nutritional supplementation in the management of COPD patients with muscle wasting.

Response of Growth, Albumin, and Blood Glucose of Snakehead (Channa Striata) Juvenile Feed with the Addition of Different Animal Protein Sources

Snakehead fish or Channa Striata is a type of freshwater fish that has high economic value in Indonesia. Aims of this study was to evaluating the effect of adding different protein sources to snakehead fish feed on fish growth, blood glucose levels, and albumin content of snakehead fish (Channa Striata). This study consisted of 3 treatments and each was given 6 replications. Treatment A: Use of feed made from nilem fish flour. Treatment B: Use of feed made from golden snail flour and Treatment C: Use of feed made from earthworm flour. The best daily growth was obtained by using feed containing animal protein sources from earthworm flour of 1.85 g. The albumin level of snakehead fish at the end of rearing was highest in the treatment using feed made from earthworm flour (5.106%). followed by golden snail flour (4.802%) and nilem fish meal (4.492%). Snakehead fish blood glucose levels 2 hours after consuming the feed increased in all treatments, with the highest value in the treatment of golden snail flour and earthworms (112 mg/dL). Followed by nilem fish meal (105 mg/dL). However blood glucose levels 4 hours after consuming the feed decreased in all treatments. With the highest reduction occurring in the treatment using earthworm flour (38 mg/dL). Followed by golden snail flour (58 mg/dL) and nilem fish meal (92 mg/dL).

Histone acetyltransferases derived RW20 protects and promotes rapid clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in zebrafish larvae.

Pseudomonas is a group of bacteria that can cause a wide range of infections, particularly in people with weakened immune systems, such as those with cystic fibrosis or who are hospitalized. It can also cause infections in the skin and soft tissue, including cellulitis, abscesses and wound infections. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPS) are the alternative strategy due to their broad spectrum of activity and act as effective treatment against multi-drug resistance pathogens. In this study, we have used an AMP, RW20 (1RPVKRKKGWPKGVKRGPPKW20). RW20 peptide is derived from the histone acetyltransferases (HATs) of the freshwater teleost, Channa striatus. The antimicrobial prediction tool has been utilized to identify the RW20 sequence from the HATs sequence. We synthesized the peptide to explore its mechanism of action. In an in vitro assay, RW20 was challenged against P. aeruginosa and we showed that RW20 displayed antibacterial properties and damaged the cell membrane. The mechanism of action of RW20 against P. aeruginosa has been established via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) as well as fluorescence assisted cell sorter (FACS) analysis. Both these experiments established that RW20 caused bacterial membrane disruption and cell death. Moreover, the impact of RW20, in-vivo, was tested against P. aeruginosa-infected zebrafish larvae. In the infected larvae, RW20 showed protective effect against P. aeruginosa by increasing the larval antioxidant enzymes, reducing the excess oxidative stress and apoptosis. Thus, it is possible that HATs-derived RW20 can be an efficient antimicrobial molecule against P. aeruginosa.

Sintasan dan Pertumbuhan Larva Ikan Gabus (Channa striata) Diberi Artemia yang Diperkaya Vitamin A

The survival rate of snakehead fish (Channa striata) is low. Provision of natural food during the survival phase and growth of snakehead fish larvae is very important. Artemia is a natural food for freshwater and marine fish larvae which has high nutritional value, but lacks vitamin A. Enrichment techniques are needed to increase the nutritional value of Artemia. The aim of this study was to compare survival rates, growth rates of snakehead fish larvae fed Artemia feed enriched with vitamin A. Snakehead fish were reared for 16 days and given Artemia enriched with vitamin A (with 1,000 IU/L, 2,000 IU/L, and 3,000 IU/l. The results showed that treatment had no significant effect on survival rate (58.33-98.33%), but had a significant effect (P&gt;0.05) on total weight growth and feed conversion ratio (1.062-4.23 gram and 3.581- 5.100 grams), and had a very significant effect (P&gt;0.01) on total length growth (1.036-1.256 cm). The best dose for maintenance of snakehead fish larvae is Artemia enriched with vitamin A with 3,000 IU/L.

An investigation into the effects of using protein hydrolysate in low fish meal diets on growth performance, feed utilization and health status of snakehead fish (Channa striata) fingerling

This study aimed to investigate the growth performance, feed utilization and innate immune response of snakehead fish (Channa striata) that had received a low fish meal-based diet and supplementation with protein hydrolysate. A fish meal-based diet was consider as a ‘high fish meal diet’ in feed formular (HF) and a ‘low fish meal diet’ (LF) replaced 40% of fish meal with soybean meal. Two other diets were prepared by supplementing tuna hydrolysate (TH) and poultry hydrolysate (PH) in LF diet. The experimental fish (initial mean weight 4.1 ± 0.15 g) were randomly assigned to quadruplicate group and fish were randomly distributed into 500-L circular plastic tanks at a density of 70 fish per tank. Each experimental diet was handfed three times daily to apparent satiation for eight weeks. At the terminal period, the results showed no significant difference in fish survival rates among all groups (p > 0.05), and significant improvements (p < 0.05) in percentage of weight gain and specific growth rate were obtained in fish fed dietary TH compared to among all group. In terms of feed utilization, the data showed that there was also no significant difference (p > 0.05) in feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) among all groups. Values of hematological parameters did not significantly differ among experimental groups (p > 0.05). Serum lysozyme levels increased significantly in fish fed diet TH. Other immune parameters (Catalase, MPO, SOD and RBA) were not altered by diet. However, fish fed diet TH and HF had strong fluorescence intensity, indicating slightly higher respiratory burst activity than other groups. Overall, the present findings suggest that supplementing 2.5% tuna hydrolysate in the low fish meal-based diet can improve feed intake, growth performance and innate immunity in snakehead fish.

Determination of Shelf Life of Snakehead Fish Dispersion Products (Channa striata) Using the ASLT Method With Arrhenius Model

Snakehead fish dispersion is one of the developments of food products that have fairly high nutritional benefits and serve as a dietary supplement to maintain endurance for adults, and help growth for children. Snakehead fish dispersion products consist of several materials that serve to improve product quality and extend shelf life. Estimation of shelf life in this study using the ASLT method of the Arrhenius model where the product is stored in three different temperatures, room temperature (28°C), temperature 35°C, and temperature 45°C. To calculate the shelf life, it is necessary to carry out several tests so that the main parameters that most influence damage to snakehead fish dispersion products can be determined. The parameters used are acidity, viscosity, and organoleptic levels including color, taste, and aroma. The results of this study point to the aroma as the main parameter because it has the smallest activation energy value compared to other parameters, namely -6672.96 cal/mol. The shelf life of snakehead fish dispersion products is calculated by the equation of reaction order 0 and obtained shelf life for a temperature of 28°C is 2.7 months, at a temperature of 35°C is 2.2 months, and storage at a temperature of 45°C is 1.5 months. The results of this study will be used as additional data in the development of snakehead fish dispersion products. And also become a reference in next research in determining the shelf life of products using the ASLT method with Arrhenius model.