Smart Hydrogels Research Articles

Enzyme-free intelligent films in electrochemistry of malathion with a binary architecture: Combined Cu2+ complexed carbon nitride nanosheets and poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) hydrogels

In the present work, surface and interfacial modifications have been used to successfully prepare a low-cost enzyme-free electrochemical sensor was constructed and assembled a smart binary hydrogel film of Cu@g-C3N4 NSs/PDEA (g-C3N4 NSs: graphitic C3N4 nanosheets; PDEA: poly(N,N- dimethylacrylamide). On account of g-C3N4 NSs have multiple uniform nitrogen coordination sites, making it easy to adsorb metal ions. Complexation of Cu2+ to g-C3N4 NSs enhances the electrical conductivity while increasing the specific surface area of the nanomaterials. They are used for trace monitoring of malathion. It showed good stability when detecting malathion in synthetic urine. A 4-Input/7-Output logic gate system including OR, AND and NOT is constructed using membrane electrode switching behavior for pH, temperature, SO42–, and methanol. And a 2-to-4 decoder was constructed. The complexity of non-traditional computer systems is enriched by this logic gate system about contaminants.

Design of smart temperature-sensitive terpolymeric hydrogel for multi-applications in liquid chromatography

Hydrogels with a unique three-dimensional network structure have been widely used in a variety of fields. However, hydrogels are prone to swelling under water-rich conditions, which severely limits their application in liquid chromatography. Therefore, producing a hydrogel with reliable performance and good mechanical property is essential. Smart temperature-sensitive chromatographic packings have attracted extensive attentions in recent years. In this work, sodium 4-styrenesulfonate and 1-octadecene were introduced into the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel to improve mechanical property and separation performance. As a consequence, a smart temperature-sensitive terpolymeric hydrogel modified silica stationary phase (ION-hydrogel@SiO2) was synthesized for multimode liquid chromatographic separation. It was found that this new ION-hydrogel@SiO2 column exhibited excellent chromatographic separation ability for a wide range of analytes. To a certain extent, this new column has a higher chromatographic separation efficiency compared to the commercial C18 column and XAmide column. Moreover, the use of low proportion of organic phase in chromatographic separation is conducive to the realization of green chromatography. By investigating the chromatographic separation mechanism, it has been demonstrated that the hydrogen bonding interaction is primarily responsible for the temperature-sensitive behavior of the hydrogel. Finally, the ION-hydrogel@SiO2 column was used for the determination of pyridoxine in the commercially available tablet samples. In conclusion, this study presents a feasible idea for the development of novel copolymer hydrogels as liquid chromatographic stationary phases.

Smart Free-Standing Bilayer Polyacrylamide/DNA Hybrid Hydrogel Film-Based Sensing System Using Changes in Bending Angles as a Visual Signal Readout.

Stimuli-responsive DNA hydrogels have shown great potential in sensing applications due to their attractive properties such as programmable target responsiveness, excellent biocompatibility, and biodegradability. In contrast to the extensively developed DNA hydrogel sensing systems based on the stimuli-responsive hydrogel-to-solution phase transition of the hydrogel matrix, the quantitative sensing application of DNA hydrogels exhibiting smart shape deformations has rarely been explored. Moreover, bulk DNA hydrogel-based sensing systems also suffer from high material cost and slow response. Herein, free-standing bilayer polyacrylamide/DNA hybrid hydrogel films with programmable responsive properties directed by the sequence of functional DNA units have been constructed. Compared with bulk DNA hydrogels, these DNA hydrogel films with a thickness at the micrometer scale not only greatly reduce the consumption of DNA materials but also facilitate the mass transfer of biomacromolecular substances within the hydrogel network, thus favoring their sensing applications. Therefore, a target-responsive smart DNA hydrogel film-based sensor system is further demonstrated based on the large amplitude macroscopic shape deformation of the film as a visual signal readout. As a proof of concept, Pb2+ or UO22+ ion-responsive DNA units were introduced into the active layer of the bilayer hydrogel films. In the presence of Pb2+ or UO22+ ions, the occurrence of a cleavage reaction within the DNA units leads to the release of DNA segments from the hydrogel film, inducing a dramatic shape deformation of the film, and thus sensing of Pb2+ or UO22+ ions with high specificity is achieved based on measuring the bending angle changes of these smart free-standing films. These smart DNA hydrogel film sensors with target-programmable responsiveness, simple operation, and ease of storage may hold promise for future rapid on-site testing applications.

Smart fin with automatic evaporation and regeneration for thermal management of high heat flux electronics

The high temperature of modern electronic devices poses great challenges to the safety and reliability of applications. Reasonable and effective control of device operating temperature for enhancing device performance and promoting the development of the electronics industry has a positive effect. Here, an innovative and efficient passive cooling technology is proposed to reduce the device temperature using polymerized metal fin and smart hydrogel to form smart fin. The smart fin carries away the waste heat generated by the device through evaporation and regeneration is accomplished by capturing water molecules from the environment. The smart fin is demonstrated to low down the temperature of a heater with heat flux of 2900 W/m2 by 48.3 °C and restores to its initial state after 160 min. At a threshold temperature of 60 °C, it promoted the maximum usage power by 49.4%. The evaporation and regeneration capacity of the smart fin can be controlled by ambient temperature, relative humidity, and smart hydrogel thickness. Specifically, high temperatures promote water evaporation and absorption, high humidity suppresses evaporation but favors absorption, and excessive thickness impedes water transport. This thermal management strategy with simple structure, low-cost, and easy-preparation is expected to become a universal technology in the electronics industry.

A penicillinase-modified poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide) smart hydrogel biosensor with superior recyclability for sensitive and colorimetric detection of penicillin G

Antibiotics are widely used for treating bacterial infections. However, excessive or improper use of antibiotics can pose a serious threat to human health and water environments, and thus, developing cost-effective, portable and effective strategies to analyze and detect antibiotics is highly desired. Herein, we reported a responsive photonic hydrogel (RPH)-based optical biosensor (PPNAH) with superior recyclability for sensitive and colorimetric determination of a typical β-lactam antibiotic penicillin G (PG) in water. This sensor was composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide) smart hydrogel with incorporated penicillinase and Fe3O4@SiO2 colloidal photonic crystals (CPCs). The sensor could translate PG concentration signals into changes in the diffraction wavelength and structural color of the hydrogel. It possessed high sensitivity and selectivity to PG and excellent detection performances for other two typical β-lactam antibiotics. Most importantly, due to the unique thermosensitivity of the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) moieties in the hydrogel, the PG-responded PPNAH sensor could be facilely regenerated via a simple physical method at least fifty times while without compromising its response performance. Besides, our sensor was suitable for monitoring the PG-contaminated environmental water and displayed satisfactory detection performances. Such a sensor possessed obvious advantages of superior recyclability, highly chemical stability, low production cost, easy fabrication, wide range of visual detection, simple and intuitive operation for PG detection, and environmental-friendliness, which holds great potential in sensitive and colorimetric detection of the PG residues in polluted water.

Nanotechnology at Work: Hydrogel Drug Delivery Architectures

Hydrogels represent three-dimensional, interconnected networks known to absorb substantial amounts of H2O but at the same time, being insoluble in the aforementioned solvent. Their exceptional hydrophilic nature, biocompatibility and diverse therapeutic potential position them as highly promising biomaterials within biological and biomedical fields. These materials, on account of their innoxious innate characteristics and safe utilization, have garnered widespread acceptance across tremendous and diverse biomedical applications ranging from traditional therapies to state-of-the-art advancements. This extensive review incorporates a spectrum of varied types of hydrogels, elaborating on both their chemical, physical aspects and also throws light on the rheological, analytical and spectroscopic tools employed for their characterization. It also continues to elaborate on the various mechanisms of gelation for facilitating a better understanding of the topic under discussion. The review also discusses the different strategies which are substantiated in recent times to expand the utilisation of hydrogels. The primary intent of this review is to render a comprehensive understanding of hydrogels as an ideal drug delivery system to undergraduates, graduates, biomedical students and researchers across the globe. It also targets to unravel the fundamental, applied and general aspects of hydrogels, offering valuable insights to help individuals associated with multidisciplinary research and application spheres.
 Keywords: Gelation, Biocompatibility, Cross-linking, Smart hydrogels, Polymerization, Architecture, Polymer network

Microenvironment-responsive smart hydrogels with antibacterial activity and immune regulation for accelerating chronic wound healing

Current therapeutic strategies for chronic refractory wounds remain challenge owing to their unfavorable wound microenvironment and poor skin regeneration ability. Thus far, a regimen for effective chronic refractory wounds management involves bacterial elimination, alleviation of oxidative stress, inhibition of inflammatory response, and promotion of angiogenesis. In this work, an injectable glycopeptide hydrogel based on phenylboronic acid-grafted ϵ-polylysine (EPBA) and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with pH/reactive oxygen species (ROS) dual-responsive properties was prepared, which exerted intrinsic antibacterial and antioxidant properties. ROS-responsive micelles (MIC) loaded with herb-derived Astragaloside IV (AST) are introduced into the hydrogel before gelation. Attributed to the acidic condition and oxidative stress microenvironment of wound bed, the hydrogel gradually disintegrates, and the released EPBA could help to eliminate bacterial. Meanwhile, the subsequential release of AST could help to achieve anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, proangiogenic effects, and regulation of macrophage polarization to accelerate chronic wound healing. In addition, the wound repair mechanism of composite hydrogel accelerating skin regeneration was assessed by RNA-sequencing, exploring a range of potential targets and pathway for further study. Collectively, this multifunctional hydrogel dressing, matching different healing stages of tissue remodeling, holds a great potential for the treatment of chronic refractory wounds.

A Review on Hydrogels for Smart Drug Delivery Systems and their Mathematical Modelling

Abstract: Since the last few decades, smart hydrogels have become a vibrant research area in biomedical science and engineering. Nowadays, smart hydrogels can be used in drug delivery systems due to their biocompatibility, physicochemical properties, and high stability. External factors like temperature, pH, ionic concentration, light, magnetic fields, electrical fields, and chemicals can alter smart hydrogels' chemical and biological characteristics. Furthermore, there have been sophisticated advancements in polymer science that combine two or more responsive mechanisms to create polymers with multiple responsive properties. In this review article, we discussed the recent advancements in the field of smart hydrogels, their preparation methods, important properties, and multifunctional applications. The FDA approval for clinical purposes is also given for specific commercial applications. Various mathematical models have also been discussed to simulate and optimize the drug release behavior from hydrogels and to provide valuable insight into the drug release profile over time. The latest advancement in the field of stimuli-responsive drugloaded hydrogels and the contributions of the researchers in this field are also highlighted. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of smart hydrogels and their future challenges are also discussed.

Advances and Trends of Photoresponsive Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Engineering.

The development of static hydrogels as an optimal choice for bone tissue engineering (BTE) remains a difficult challenge primarily due to the intricate nature of bone healing processes, continuous physiological functions, and pathological changes. Hence, there is an urgent need to exploit smart hydrogels with programmable properties that can effectively enhance bone regeneration. Increasing evidence suggests that photoresponsive hydrogels are promising bioscaffolds for BTE due to their advantages such as controlled drug release, cell fate modulation, and the photothermal effect. Here, we review the current advances in photoresponsive hydrogels. The mechanism of photoresponsiveness and its advanced applications in bone repair are also elucidated. Future research would focus on the development of more efficient, safer, and smarter photoresponsive hydrogels for BTE. This review is aimed at offering comprehensive guidance on the trends of photoresponsive hydrogels and shedding light on their potential clinical application in BTE.

A Complete Sojorum on Thermosensitive Hydrogels for Wound Healing: Recent Developments and Ongoing Research

Abstract: The nature of the wound typically dictates the available wound-healing therapies. On the other hand, inadequate care results in persistent wounds, fibrosis, tissue loss of function, and ultimately dismemberment. Suturing, unloading, irrigation, debridement, negative pressure therapies, growth factor supplementation, and grafting are examples of current medicines that all have limitations in terms of meeting the needs of full treatment. Natural or synthetic materials/polymers have been utilized to prepare smart thermosensitive hydrogels to facilitate quick and targeted action on wounds. These are intelligent hydrogel system that shows sol-gel transitions at physiological body temperature. Hydrogel provides a moist environment, scaffold-like structure, and localized delivery of drug/growth factor that speed up wound healing even if it eliminates side effects associated with systemic administration. In this article, we summarized the detailed mechanisms of wound healing, conventional strategies, and ongoing thorough research work in the field of thermosensitive hydrogels utilized for wound healing. Moreover, the clinical needs of this formulation, as evident from the commercially available systems are also described in the prior art.

A Smart DNA Hydrogel Enables Synergistic Immunotherapy and Photodynamic Therapy of Melanoma.

Immunotherapy faces insufficient immune activation and limited immune effectiveness. Herein, we report a smart DNA hydrogel that enables the release of multivalent functional units at the tumor site to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. The smart DNA hydrogel was assembled from two types of ultra-long DNA chains synthesized via rolling circle amplification. One DNA chain contained immune adjuvant CpG oligonucleotides and polyaptamers for loading natural killer cell-derived exosomes; the other chain contained multivalent G-quadruplex for loading photodynamic agents. DNA chains formed DNA hydrogel through base-pairing. HhaI restriction endonuclease sites were designed between functional units. Upon stimuli in the tumor sites, the hydrogel was effectively cleaved by the released HhaI and disassembled into functional units. Natural killer cell-derived exosomes played an anti-tumor role, and the CpG oligonucleotide activated antigen-presenting cells to enhance the immunotherapy. Besides the tumor-killing effect of photodynamic therapy, the generated cellular debris acted as an immune antigen to further enhance the immunotherapeutic effect. In a mouse melanoma orthotopic model, the smart DNA hydrogel as a localized therapeutic agent, achieved a remarkable tumor suppression rate of 91.2 %. The smart DNA hydrogel exhibited enhanced efficacy of synergistic immunotherapy and photodynamic therapy, expanding the application of DNA materials in biomedicine.

Recent Advances on Scaffolds: A Comprehensive Review of Materials, Fabrication Techniques, and Applications

Scaffolds offer a three-dimensional framework supporting cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation of cells which are used to repair and regenerate tissues. Recent advancements in scaffold technology have significantly exploited the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This comprehensive review provides in-depth exploration of scaffold materials, fabrication techniques, and their recent progress in applications. Composite scaffolds have promising applications in bone and dental tissue regeneration due to their greater mechanical properties and ability to promote cell growth. The inherent crosslinking present in hydrogels allows them to maintain their integrity and three-dimensional structure without dissolving. However, there is a growing interest in smart hydrogels which can respond to changes in their external surroundings like pH, ionic strength, temperature, or specific molecules. dECM scaffold is an alternative potential technique for reconstructing the functional organs/tissues by excluding the cell-associated antigens while maintaining the native ECM compositions like growth factors, basement membrane structural proteins, and GAG’s. The degree of porosity in scaffolds can be increased by various fabrication techniques such as TIPS, SCPL, gas foaming, and freeze drying. GelMA hydrogels have shown promising potential in cell proliferation and tissue regeneration. In addition, graphene and its derivatives have been instrumental in the fabrication of bioactive scaffolds for cartilage regeneration. The introduction of additive manufacturing technologies, specifically 3D bioprinting, has significantly improved the precision and control of scaffold fabrication.

Polymer Hydrogel‐Based Multifunctional Theranostics for Managing Diabetic Wounds

AbstractChronic, non‐healing wounds pose significant challenges for public health, particularly in the context of diabetes, and carry significant economic consequences. This article introduces a new solution in the form of a wireless theranostic patch, developed to meet the critical need for real‐time monitoring and targeted treatments to facilitate optimal healing. The patch incorporates advanced materials that are both multifunctional and electro‐responsive, leveraging a sophisticated blend of smart hydrogels and wearable bioelectronics to support diabetic wound management with unparalleled efficacy. With electro‐responsive multifunctional polymer hydrogels at its core, the patch delivers a stretchable, antimicrobial, and moist environment for the wound, with added benefits such as conductivity and visibility. The materials also allow for continuous and autonomous monitoring of glucose and pH levels, providing precise and personalized treatments like insulin delivery via iontophoresis and electrical stimulation. Animal models have demonstrated that this integrated system is highly adaptable, effectively promoting wound closure and healing. Overall, the wireless theranostic system offers an exciting prospect for personalized healthcare solutions, adopting a patient‐centric approach that prioritizes real‐time, targeted care for chronic wounds. Its incorporation of advanced materials and electro‐controlled treatments paves the way for new and innovative approaches to wound management.

DNA Cryogels with Anisotropic Mechanical and Responsive Properties for Specific Cell Capture and Release.

Due to their programmable stimuli-responsiveness, excellent biocompatibility, and water-rich and soft structures similar to biological tissues, smart DNA hydrogels hold great promise for biosensing and biomedical applications. However, most DNA hydrogels developed to date are composed of randomly oriented and isotropic polymer networks, and the resulting slow response to biotargets and lack of anisotropic properties similar to those of biological tissues have limited their extensive applications. Herein, anisotropic DNA hydrogels consisting of unidirectional void channels internally oriented up to macroscopic length scales were constructed by a directional cryopolymerization method, as exemplified by a DNA-incorporated covalently cross-linked DNA cryogel and a DNA duplex structure noncovalently cross-linked DNA cryogel. Results showed that the formation of unidirectional channels significantly improved the responsiveness of the gel matrix to biomacromolecular substances and further endowed the DNA cryogels with anisotropic properties, including anisotropic mechanical properties, anisotropic swelling/shrinking behaviors, and anisotropic responsiveness to specific biotargets. Moreover, the abundant oriented and long macroporous channels in the gel matrix facilitated the migration of cells, and through the introduction of aptamer structures and thermosensitive polymers, an anisotropic DNA cryogel-based platform was further constructed to achieve the highly efficient capture and release of specific cells. These anisotropic DNA hydrogels may provide new opportunities for the development of anisotropic separation and biosensing systems.

A stimuli-responsive hydrogel for reversible information storage, encryption and decryption

Smart hydrogel materials, known for their sensitivity to external stimuli, exhibit a reversible dynamic response and find applications in diverse fields, particularly in information storage. Despite significant efforts in this domain, developing a hydrogel with high-resolution, repeatable recording, and robust information encryption/decryption capabilities still remains a challenge. In this study, we synthesized a polymer hydrogel, namely polyvinyl alcohol-n-isopropylacrylamide-octadecyl polyoxyethylene ether acrylate hydrogel (PPNS), which features multiple hydrogen bonds through copolymerization, by using N-isopropylacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, and octadecyl polyoxyethylene ether acrylate (SGA15) as raw materials. The PPNS hydrogel demonstrated outstanding high-resolution, repeatable recording capabilities, enabling reversible recording, encryption, and decryption of information using anhydrous ethanol as the inducer. Varying the SGA15 monomer concentration revealed that the PPNS-2% hydrogel, prepared with 2% SGA15, outperformed the other hydrogels in terms of information recording and encryption/decryption when immersed in anhydrous ethanol and deionized water. Furthermore, the PPNS-2% hydrogel exhibited the ability to undergo multiple information cycles while maintaining excellent mechanical properties even after 25 cycles. Notably, ethanol served as a specialized ink for inscribing different patterns on the hydrogel surface for information recording. The recorded information could be erased through water wiping or ethanol volatilization, enabling reversible information recording, encryption, and decryption. Due to their responsive and dynamic nature of PPNS hydrogels are positions them as promising candidates for use as innovative information storage platforms.

3D Printable Active Hydrogels with Supramolecular Additive-Driven Adaptiveness.

Smart hydrogels are a promising candidate for the development of next-generation soft materials due to their stimuli-responsiveness, deformability, and biocompatibility. However, it remains challenging to enable hydrogels to actively adapt to various environmental conditions like living organisms. In this work, supramolecular additives are introduced to the hydrogel matrix to confer environmental adaptiveness. Specifically, their microstructures, swelling behaviors, mechanical properties, and transparency can adapt to external environmental conditions. Moreover, the presence of hydrogen bonding provides the hydrogel with applicable rheological properties for 3D extrusion printing, thus allowing for the facile preparation of thickness-dependent camouflage and multistimuli responsive complex. The environmentally adaptive hydrogel developed in this study offers new approaches for manipulating supramolecular interactions and broadens the capability of smart hydrogels in information security and multifunctional integrated actuation.

Smart mucoadhesive 3-D network hydrogels for use in localized impregnated anticancer drug delivery

Recently, bioactive dietary fibers (DFs) have been explored for various benefits to human health because of their therapeutic activities. Role of DF psyllium (arabinoxylan (Ax)) has been established for curing colon cancer. Herein, methotrexate (MXT), an anti-neoplastic agent, was impregnated into network hydrogels developed from DF psyllium, through graft copolymerization reactions for its sustained colon-specific drug delivery (DD). Copolymers were characterized through SEM, AFM, FTIR, C13-NMR and TGA analysis. Smart hydrogels demonstrated antioxidant (39.40 ± 0.78% free radical scavenging in the DPPH assay), biocompatible (1.16 ± 0.22% hemolysis value in blood-polymer interactions), and mucoadhesive (7.0 ± 0.1 mN detachment force from the mucous membrane) properties. Sustained diffusion of MXT in colonic conditions occurred with a Fickian mechanism, and release profile obeyed the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model. Overall, findings suggested the suitability of DF psyllium-based DD carriers for colon with enhanced potential.

Thermal‐Cascade Multifunctional Therapeutic Systems for Remotely Controlled Synergistic Treatment of Drug‐Resistant Bacterial Infections

AbstractAntimicrobial therapy remains one of the major global challenges, particularly in the absence of effective treatment strategies for drug‐resistant bacteria. In this study, a comprehensive treatment approach is proposed for drug‐resistant bacterial wound infections based on the development of thermal‐cascade multifunctional therapeutic systems (MTSs), spanning from the design of functional nanoscale materials to macroscopic smart hydrogel. Within the MTSs, functional antibiotic‐loaded hybrid nanoclusters enable targeted therapeutic delivery and synergistic mild hyperthermia‐antibiotic treatment, strongly suppressing drug‐resistant bacteria while demonstrating excellent biocompatibility with normal cells and tissues. Furthermore, near‐infrared irradiation can trigger the photothermal effects of hybrid nanoclusters to induce gelation of thermal‐sensitive hydrogel, forming MTSs to serve as highly adaptable, drug‐enriched protective dressings for infected wounds. Both in vitro and in vivo results substantiate that MTSs enhance the bioavailability of therapeutic agents (including bacterial internalization and tissue penetration), exert synergistic effects to completely eradicate drug‐resistant bacteria, promoted wound healing and revascularization, and demonstrate excellent biocompatibility. This work offers an innovative demonstration to address drug‐resistant bacterial infections through the advancement of sophisticated material systems.

Microgel-Crosslinked Thermo-Responsive Hydrogel Actuators with High Mechanical Properties and Rapid Response.

Smart hydrogels responsive to external stimuli are promising for various applications such as soft robotics and smart devices. High mechanical strength and fast response rate are particularly important for the construction of hydrogel actuators. Herein, tough hydrogels with rapid response rates are synthesized using vinyl-functionalized poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) microgels as macro-crosslinkers and N-isopropylacrylamide as monomers. The compression strength of the obtained PNIPAM hydrogels is up to 7.13MPa. The response rate of the microgel-crosslinked hydrogels is significantly enhanced compared with conventional chemically crosslinked PNIPAM hydrogels. The mechanical strength and response rate of hydrogels can be adjusted by varying the proportion of monomers and crosslinkers. The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the PNIPAM hydrogels could be tuned by copolymerizing with ionic monomer sodium methacrylate. Thermo-responsive bilayer hydrogels are fabricated using PINPAM hydrogels with different LCSTs via a layer-by-layer method. The thermo-responsive fast swelling and shrinking properties of the two layers endow the bilayer hydrogel with anisotropic structures and asymmetric response characteristics, allowing the hydrogel to respond rapidly. The bilayer hydrogels are fabricated into clamps to grab small objects and flowers that mimicked the closure of petals, and it shows great application prospects in the field of actuators.

Injectable Hydrogels with Integrated Ph Probes and Ultrasound-Responsive Microcapsules as Smart Wound Dressings for Visual Monitoring and On-Demand Treatment of Chronic Wounds.

Hydrogel dressings capable of infection monitoring and precise treatment administration show promise for advanced wound care. Existing methods involve embedd ingorganic dyes or flexible electronics into preformed hydrogels, which raise safety issues and adaptability challenges. In this study, an injectable hydrogel based smart wound dressing is developed by integrating food-derived anthocyanidin as a visual pH probe for infection monitoring and poly(L-lactic acid) microcapsules as ultrasound-responsive delivery systems for antibiotics into a poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel. This straightforwardly prepared hydrogel dressing maintains its favorable properties for wound repair, including porous morphology and excellent biocompatibility. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the hydrogel enabled visual assessment of pH within the range of 5∼9.Meanwhile, the release of antibiotics could be triggered and controlled by ultrasound. In vivo evaluations using infected wounds and diabetic wounds revealed that the wound dressing effectively detected wound infection by monitoring pH levels and achieved antibacterial effects through ultrasound-triggered drug release. This led to significantly enhanced wound healing, as validated by histological analysis and the measurement of inflammatory cytokine levels. This injectable hydrogel-based smart wound dressing holds great potential for use in clinical settings to inform timely and precise clinical intervention and in community to improve wound care management.