Small Missiles Research Articles

Research on bionic composite guidance law considering field of view angle

Due to the use of strapdown seeker in small missiles, a small field of view angle is required to ensure effective tracking and strike of the target during the final interception. Based on the tracking strategy of dragonfly chasing targets, a composite guidance law is studied. In the initial guidance section, the parallax angle is controlled by the sliding mode control law to adjust the missile to the tail following attitude. The final guidance section used the motion camouflage guidance law with the focus at infinity for target tracking,and between the initial guidance and the final guidance. The second-order smooth interface law is used for the transition. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional proportional guidance law, the required overload of the missile in the final guidance is small,and the target is closer to the center of the field of view, which can reduce the missile in the final guidance. The overload and the field of view of the seeker can be used to effectively improve the attack accuracy.

Discussion On Low-cost Design of Ammunition Electrical System

Facing the demands of future battlefield, it is necessary to realize the low-cost design of missiles to meet the large demand for small missiles in the future battlefield. Based on this condition, this paper systematically studies the low-cost optimization design of missile safety scheme and the implementation of the low-cost design of cable network, and puts forward the scheme that can achieve the low-cost design of ammunition electrical system.

Four-Array Printed Monopole Yagi-Uda Antenna Mounted on a Small Missile Warhead

In this study, the structure of a circular four-array antenna was designed for a monopulse radar attached to a conical small missile warhead with a diameter of 29 mm and a lateral length of 63 mm. A printed monopole Yagi-Uda antenna was adopted as the basic model for the antenna to decrease production cost and reduce weight. The director structure of the printed monopole Yagi-Uda antenna that we proposed was modified to λ/2 to improve the beam direction. Unlike the existing structure, the proposed director was made to be separated from the ground, so that it could act as a director. The antenna was expanded to a four-array structure for the detection of vertical and horizontal planes. As a result of the design, the S<sub>11</sub> had excellent matching characteristics at the center frequency of 9.375 GHz, and the beam pattern also had directivity in the same direction as the missile travel direction. In the case of gain, it showed more than 6 dBi performance. Finally, the proposed four-array structure antenna was fabricated to verify that the S<sub>11</sub> and radiation patterns were maintained.

Flexural Deflection Prediction of Piezo-Composite Unimorph Actuator Using Material Orthotropy and Nonlinearity of Piezoelectric Material Layer

Layered piezo-composite unimorph actuators have been studied by many research teams to provide active vibration control of thin-walled aerospace structures, control the shapes of aircraft wing airfoils, and control the fins of small missiles, because they require less space and provide better frequency responses than conventional electro-magnetic motor actuator systems. However, due to the limited actuation strains of conventional piezo-composite unimorph actuators with poly-crystalline piezoelectric ceramic layers, they have not been implemented effectively as actuators for small aerospace vehicles. In this study, a lightweight piezo-composite unimorph actuator (LIPCA-S2) was manufactured and analyzed to predict its flexural actuation displacement. It was found that the actuated tip displacement of a piezo-composite cantilever could be predicted accurately using the proposed prediction model based on the nonlinear properties of the piezoelectric strain coefficient and elastic modulus of a piezoelectric single crystal.

Investigate Turbine Blades Cooling Ways for Micro-Jet Engines

In recent years, the use of micro-jet engine increased is likely to continue to grow because of the ever-increasing applications such as: an unmanned aerial vehicle and small missiles. Many industrial applications used different technics to provide an effective means for the turbine blades heat transfer. The paper presents an approach to investigate turbine blades cooling ways for microjet engines based on internal cooling passages for the blade manufacturing from Nickel base Superalloy. The numerical model considered include fluid flow and heat transfer in the turbine blade. The results agreed with experimental data. The novelty of this work to gain more in physical insight process and sensitivity analysis of cooling small size turbine blades with size 160 mm2 cross section.

스마트폰을 활용한 소형 저가 유도탄 유도조종장치용 어플리케이션 개발

스마트폰을 활용한 소형 저가 유도탄 유도조종장치용 어플리케이션 개발

Protection of Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) from Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) by using Anti-Anti-Ballistic Missile (AABM)

Ballistic missiles are used to deliver nuclear, chemical, biological or conventional warheads in a ballistic flight trajectory. On the other hand, an anti-ballistic missile (ABM) is generally a surface-to-air missile designed to counter ballistic missile. So, it is clear that to make the operation or mission of an inter-continental ballistic missile (ICBM) successful we have to eliminate the threat of anti-ballistic missile (ABM). This paper will discuss about the arrangement of a small tracking system and some small missiles attached with the main ballistic missile which can destroy any anti-ballistic missile (ABM) coming towards it. So, simply this small air-to-air missiles act as anti-missiles for any incoming anti-ballistic missile (ABM) which is targeting the main ballistic missile and we can simply call them anti-anti-ballistic missiles (AABM).

Experimental investigation on the piezo-composite actuator with piezoelectric single-crystal layer

Studies on muscle mimicking actuators have increased in the last two decades due to the possibility of various applications for compact lightweight actuators including small unmanned aircrafts, missile, and biomimetic robots. Piezoelectric materials have been used in a variety of applications ranging from shape control of structure and active vibration control of structure to noise suppression due to compact size and good frequency response. Conventional polycrystal piezoelectric ceramic materials, however, have limited actuating strains and displacement, hindering their use in actuators for small aerospace vehicles. In this study, the design and fabrication method of an actuator with a piezoelectric single-crystal layer were investigated to increase the actuation strain and displacement. From a comparison of the performance of the LIPCA-C2 and LIPCA-S prototypes, it was found that the new LIPCA-S2, which has much higher coefficient of the unimorph actuator, can generate an actuating displacement more than twice that of LIPCA-C2.

Emerging from obscurity: small navies and sea-launched land-attack cruise missiles

ABSTRACTSea-launched land-attack cruise missile (SLCM) strikes, one of the most common expeditionary force projection tasks, is traditionally performed by major navies using long-range offensive platforms such as major surface warships and nuclear submarines prized for their range, endurance and capacity. By contrast, small navies are deemed unsuited for such a role, since they typically comprise small warships and conventional submarines, which thereby suit them for peacetime constabulary and wartime sea denial and defensive sea control missions. However, the Russian Navy's use of such assets in late 2015 to launch SLCM strikes against Islamic State (Daesh) targets in Syria demonstrates that expeditionary force projection is not an exclusive province of major navies. Attendant challenges such as the lack of intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities may limit such roles by small navies but will still potentially spark greater interest amongst them in acquiring SLCMs to bolster their deterrent capabilities.

A TEXTUAL NOTE ON PAUL OF AEGINA,PRAGMATEIA6.88

Paul of Aegina's (fl.c. 630)Pragmateiais the only extant Greek medical text from antiquity that discusses the extraction of arrows and small missiles. In his book on surgery, Paul details how to extract arrows according to their properties and the parts of the body which they have wounded (6.88). He prefaces his instructions by describing how arrows differ in their material, figure, size, number, mode, and power. Paul's account of arrow varieties appears to reflect the environment of his medical practice, seventh-century Alexandria, for he refers to Egyptian arrow types when listing the material composition and sizes of different arrows.

The Threat from European Missile Defence System to Russian National Security

The article analyses the political and military aspects of progress in the dialogue between Russia and the U.S./NATO on cooperation in missile defense; investigates the past experiences and current state of cooperation between Russia and the Alliance on missile defense issues; examines the technical features of American missile defence systems today; finds a solution to question whether or not the European Missile Defence Program actually threatens Russia's nuclear deterrent and strategic stability in general; identifies both potential benefits and possible losses for Russia stemming from the development of cooperation with the United States and NATO in countering ballistic missile threats, or from refusal to have such cooperation. Evidently, the initiative of creation of a missile defense in Europe surely belongs to the USA. Washington has enormous technological, financial, economic, military and institutional capabilities in the field of a missile defense, exceeding by far other NATO member-states. In February 2010, the President of the United States B. Obama adopted a project "European Phased Adaptive Approach" (EPAA) as an alternative to G. Bush's global strategic missile defense plan. The first two stages of the Phased Adaptive Approach are focused on creating a system capable of intercepting small, medium and intermediate-range ballistic missiles. The possibility of intercepting long-range missiles is postponed to the third (2018) and forth phases (2020). Moscow finds especially troublesome the third and the fourth phases of Washington's project of creating a European segment of the global antiballistic missile system, considering prospective capabilities of the U.S. interceptor missiles 61 and the envisioned areas of their deployment. The U.S. counter-evidence is that phase four interceptors do not exist yet. Russia insists on getting the political and legal guarantees from the U.S. and NATO that their missile defense systems will not slash the efficiency of Russian nuclear deterrence forces.

Design of Curved Patch Array Antenna for Small Missile Application

The design of curved patch array antenna for small missile application is presented. A thin copper plate antenna was attached a part of plastic pipe. This antenna is designed on cylinder metal object for such an application in military communication devices and antenna analysis was conducted by using the CST program. The frequency of a designed antenna was adjusted at 2.4 GHz. The proposed antenna is realized and experimentally examined, since it is small size, light weight, easy method fabrication and low manufacturing cost. In measurement, it is found that the propose antenna have the return loss was lower than-10 dB which covered frequency range 2.3 GHz-2.7 GHz. The average gain achieved in the propose antenna is about 6.13 dB over the operating frequency. The advantage of the proposed antenna is that it can be used to small missile for military application.

Analysis of Damage in Laminated Architectural Glazing Subjected to Wind Loading and Windborne Debris Impact

Wind loading and windborne debris (missile) impact are the two primary mechanisms that result in window glazing damage during hurricanes. Wind-borne debris is categorized into two types: small hard missiles; such as roof gravel; and large soft missiles representing lumber from wood-framed buildings. Laminated architectural glazing (LAG) may be used in buildings where impact resistance is needed. The glass plies in LAG undergo internal damage before total failure. The bulk of the published work on this topic either deals with the stress and dynamic analyses of undamaged LAG or the total failure of LAG. The pre-failure damage response of LAG due to the combination of wind loading and windborne debris impact is studied. A continuum damage mechanics (CDM) based constitutive model is developed and implemented via an axisymmetric finite element code to study the failure and damage behavior of laminated architectural glazing subjected to combined loading of wind and windborne debris impact. The effect of geometric and material properties on the damage pattern is studied parametrically.

Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS), Inertial Measurements Unit (IMU) Common Guidance Program

Precision Guided Munitions (PGMs) are critical to the Maneuver Battalion Commander's success on future, rapidly deployed, battlefields. These PGMs will provide an increase in lethality, significantly improve survivability, reduce collateral damage, minimize non-combatant casualties, and decrease the logistics burden or increase the number of kills from the standard logistics load. PGMs all require inertial measurement sensors embodied in an Inertial Measurements Unit (IMU). Up to now they have been large, expensive, and could not readily survive the high G launch environments. Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology provides inherent cost savings and size reduction and is ideal for application to navigation and control systems for small missiles and munitions. Using MEMS technology, gyroscopes, accelerometers and control electronics can readily be integrated to form a tightly packaged, low-cost, extremely small, high performance IMU suitable for munitions and missiles, as well as other applications. The ultimate objective of the MEMS Common Guidance program is to develop technology that can be exploited by 90% of the tactical weapons fleet navigation requirements. This paper will describe the current Army development underway and some of the technical challenges we have encountered, as well as outlining the results of our Quality Functional Deployment conducted to assure our end-users needs are met.

U.S.-Hungarian Agreement on Destruction of Small Antiaircraft Missiles

U.S.-Hungarian Agreement on Destruction of Small Antiaircraft Missiles

THE DEVELOPMENT OF EYE ARMOR FOR THE AMERICAN INFANTRYMAN

If protection of eyes of combat soldiers were a simple affair, that protection would have been provided long ago.J. FAIR, 1952 27 Attempts to protect soldier's body in war have been made since at least fifth millennium BC. 70 Although many energetic and creative individuals have attempted to develop eye armor, great majority of emmetropic American infantry, soldiers most at risk, continue to enter combat with their eyes as exposed to hazards of war as were eyes of first bellicose humanoid. The following is an account of development of eye protection for American infantry, a 20-year effort that culminated in production and distribution of such eye armor for emmetrope and ametrope, protective against small missile and blunt-force threat and against some of eye-threatening laser wavelengths. This article is primarily concerned with protection of eyes of infantry, soldiers who suffer by far preponderance of injuries in war and who are the most valued component of military force. 3 It is necessary to define eye armor as term is used in this article because eye is vulnerable to many threats, but protection against only some of them is necessary and possible. The major combat threat to eye is small missile, as has been true since World War I. 47 Eye armor is defined primarily, though not exclusively, as that component of personal body armor that can protect eyes of infantry from such a threat.

Cruise missiles should not stop START

There are technical solutions to the problem of verifying small cruise missiles—measures that would not interfere with military secrets or the operational readiness of the missiles.

Dual-mode, reaction-jet, thrust-vector controls for small missiles

This paper presents a systematic design of an all-fluidic inertial bang-bang system that operates a dual-mode, reaction-jet, thrust-vector controller for small tactical missiles. By rolling the airframe, a single-axis rate sensor, mounted along the missile axis and coplanar with a two-dimensional bang-bang controller, can provide sufficient authority to maintain line-of-sight trajectories up to 2 km with accuracies of about 1 mil (± 1 m at 1 km). One of the principal applications envisioned for such a missile would be a light, man-portable, shoulder-fired antitank weapon where range estimation for stationary targets would not be required.

Impact Abrasion of Harder by Softer Materials

Fluorite, halite, periclase, and sylvite have been abraded in a wind tunnel by windblown dust from the normal air of the intake room plus or minus introduced silt-sized particles of calcite, barite, or snow. The results indicate that the effective kinetic energy of a projectile and the bond strength of the target-rather than hardness differences, per se-may be fundamental controls of windblast abrasion. It is concluded that, contrary to general belief, some windblast erosion features have probably been produced in response to impact by relatively soft and/or small missiles, such as snow and dust, moving at fairly low wind velocities.

Blank Cartridge Injury of the Cornea

Eleven eyes sustained a contracoup corneal injury involving primarily the epithelium and endothelium. The epithelial damage and endothelial edema resolve in 24 to 72 hours without apparent residual effects. This injury is observed following an explosion generating small missiles with insufficient density or velocity for deep penetration or perforation.