Symptoms Of Skin Aging Research Articles

The impact of microneedle mesotherapy treatment on anti-aging prevention and reduction of skin aging symptoms – subjective evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatment

The ageing of human facial skin is an inevitable process. With age, wrinkles appear, the skin becomes thinner, there is a decrease in hydration, elasticity and firmness, and a general loss of vitality. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of microneedle mesotherapy in preventing and reducing the signs of skin ageing in women who underwent a series of microneedle mesotherapy treatments. Microneedle mesotherapy treatments significantly improve skin tone and firmness, lift the oval of the face, increase skin hydration and reduce wrinkles. In recent years, microneedle mesotherapy has gained increasing interest as a non-invasive and effective method of preventing and reducing the signs of skin ageing.

A Study on Skincare Behavior According to the Perception of Aging Among Middle-aged Women in Their 40s and 50s

The paper aimed to investigate the perception of aging and corresponding skincare behaviors among women in their 40s and 50s. A survey was conducted from September 1, 2023, to October 10, 2023, involving 221 women aged 40 to 50. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS WIN 25.0. Frequency analysis was conducted to understand the general characteristics of the respondents and their perception of skin aging symptoms. Cross-analysis was performed to determine if there were differences in skincare behaviors based on the perception of skin aging symptoms. The results indicated that the onset of skin aging was generally perceived to begin in the late 30s, with particular concern about eye wrinkles. The initial recognition of skin aging was primarily through the appearance of eye wrinkles, with 47.5% of respondents identifying increased fine lines as the main symptom. Participants generally perceived their skin aging rate as slow compared to others. Analysis of preferred skincare methods to delay skin aging revealed statistically significant differences based on the perception of skin aging symptoms (p<.05). Regarding self-care methods for the skin, statistically significant differences were observed based on the perception of skin aging rate (p<.05). However, no statistically significant differences were found in the frequency of skincare investment based on the perception of skin aging symptoms (p>.05). The study also identified a desire among participants to hide or improve aging through professional skincare. Thus, it is suggested that promotional strategies for skincare tailored to middle-aged women and educational initiatives based on professional expertise should be implemented to enhance opportunities for healthy aging among this demographic.

Chemical Profiling and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Essential Oil Isolated from Pistacia khinjuk Leaves: Insights On GC-MS Analysis and Skin Aging-Relevant Enzymes.

Pistacia khinjuk is a species of flowering plants belonging to family Anacardiaceae, with promising pharmacological activities like antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antimicrobial. This study aimed to investigate the GC-MS chemical composition of essential oil isolated from Pistacia khinjuk leaves and its inhibitory properties against aging-relevant enzymes such a collagenase and elastase. The isolated oil showed predominance of β-cadinene (15.34 %), γ-amorphene (8.50 %), α-cadinol (8.14 %), τ-cadinol (7.57 %), (E)-β-caryophyllene (5.77 %), α-pinene (4.70 %), phytol (4.57 %), α-muurolene (3.30 %), (+)-epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene (3.21 %), and cubenene (3.16 %). Further, it showed remarkable inhibitory activities against collagenase and elastase with IC50 values of 15.61±0.69 and 41.12±2.09 μg/mL, respectively compared to epigallocatechin gallate (IC50=29.52±1.3 μg/mL and 26.86±1.37 μg/mL). as a conclusion, the leaf oil is recommended for topical cosmetic preparations to retard skin aging symptoms such as wrinkles. However, the bioavailability assessment and toxicological profile should be considered in the future studies.

Topical anti-aging agents: state-of-the-art review

Skin aging can be divided into intrinsic and extrinsic aging. Even though it is inevitable, symptoms of skin aging are a common concern for patients. As a result, there is a surge in the making of anti-aging cosmeceuticals. However, there is a lack of evidence-based data to support the usage of topical preparations as anti-aging treatments. Therefore, further studies are needed to explore topical treatment options for skin aging. This literature review discusses the mechanism of commonly used topical anti-aging agents and their adverse reactions.

Side effects of mesotherapy - review

Introduction and purpose: Microneedle mesotherapy is a non-surgical method consisting in controlled micropuncture of the skin with very thin needles, associated with the insertion of active substances into it. It is used in many fields of medicine, diseases, as well as cosmetic defects associated with the symptoms of skin aging. The aim of this review is to summarize the side effects described in the literature that may associated microneedle mesotherapy. The review was based on the available data collected in the PubMed database searched using the keywords "mesotherapy", "adverse effects", "side effects".
 Description of the state of knowledge: Complications of mesotherapy can be divided into infectious and non-infectious as well as local and systemic. The most common and best known are bruises and swelling caused by local inflammation caused by certain substances. More serious complications include anaphylaxis, skin necrosis, granulomas, cellulitis, and infectious complications.
 Summary: Mesotherapy is a commonly performed procedure not only by doctors, but also by non-medical people. Both patients and operators tend to underestimate the potential side effects of this method. We hope that raising awareness and paying attention to the errors made will contribute to reducing the complications associated with this procedure, as well as to its standardization.

A pilot study evaluating the anti-aging benefits of a CO2 -emitting facial mask.

Since 1936, injectable carboxytherapy has been used for the treatment of circulatory issues and lack of tissue trophism. In the last 25 years, it has been applied to aesthetic issues, especially those related to the signs and symptoms of skin aging. Presently, carboxytherapy is available as a combination of transcutaneous gels that produce CO2 with benefit for atrophic skin. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of a topical carboxy mask on facial photoaging after short term use of 4 weeks and long term use of 10 weeks. The short term study was conducted for 14 days after 3 times weekly application of the facial mask for 1 h followed by a regression phase with evaluations at days 21 and 28. 11 healthy female subjects age 45-75 years were enrolled. Subjects applied the facial mask for 45 min, 3 times per week during the 2-week treatment period. The long term study was conducted for 10 weeks on 35 subjects 35-65 years with mild to moderate facial photoaging of Fitzpatrick skin types I-VI. Subjects underwent photography, elasticity, hydration, and VAS questionnaire assessments. The short term 4 week study demonstrated improvement in laser-Doppler measured blood flow and skin hydration. The long term 10 week study demonstrated improvement in firmness (16%, p = 0.001), sagging (9%, p = 0.023), and overall skin appearance (12%, p = 0.002). These findings were supported by the retraction time decrease at week 10 (-10%, p = 0.05). The combination of two gels produced the liberation of CO2 , which improved short term skin hydration after 4 weeks of use and improved longer term skin elasticity after 10 weeks of use.

Skin aging associated with chromium among rural housewives in northern China

Previous studies have found associations between chromium exposure and skin damage. However, few studies have focused on both chromium and skin aging. This study aimed to assess the degree of skin aging symptoms and estimate the relationship between hair chromium and skin aging among rural housewives. We recruited 405 subjects in Shanxi Province of northern China and analyzed 397 eligible hair samples with inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). The subjects’ skin aging symptoms were assessed with SCINEXA™ (SCore of INtrinsic and EXtrinsic skin Aging). After adjusting for age and other important covariates, the regression results showed more severe skin aging symptoms in women with a higher level of hair chromium and presented an increasing linear trend. Vegetables, fruits, and beans might be a source of chromium exposure. We concluded that skin aging might be positively associated with hair chromium. It is necessary to take measures to reduce chromium exposure to prevent skin aging.

Topical Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LB244R® ointment alleviates skin aging: An exploratory trial.

The skin is of vital importance for health and well-being. As people age, the skin undergoes visual and morphological changes such as wrinkling, loss of elasticity, increased pigmentation, and decreased cell turnover. This is not only visually unappealing to many but can also pose health issues. In this study, a probiotic ointment (PO) containing live lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LB244R®) was investigated for its ability to alleviate symptoms of skin aging in an exploratory clinical trial. The PO was applied twice daily for 56 days by 21 subjects. Anti-aging efficacy was evaluated by skin ultrasonography, skin biomechanical properties, skin hydration, and clinical evaluations at day 0, 28, and 56. Sub-epidermal low echogenic band thickness decreased (0.261 ± 0.069 mm to 0.247 ± 0.055 mm) after 56 days. Dermal density increased (324.689 ± 57.506 pixel/mm2 to 367.831 ± 75.790 pixel/mm2 ). Skin hydration increased (34.1 ± 6.9 to 51.3 ± 10.0AU). Additionally, skin firmness increased, as shown by decreasing values (0.264 ± 0.038 to 0.228 ± 0.037 mm). Skin elasticity increased (0.578 ± 0.045 to 0.618 ± 0.044). Trans-epidermal water loss decreased (9.1 ± 2.0g/h/m2 to 8.5 ± 1.3). All clinical evaluations, Crow's feet, spot score, smoothness score, and complexion radiance, were improved. The PO improved all measured parameters with statistical significance after 56 days of application, clearly demonstrating the potential of the PO as an anti-aging agent and reaffirming the potential of topical probiotic LAB. Future studies need to elucidate the mode of action of anti-aging effects by probiotics, but at present time, this study paves the way for the use of probiotic LAB topically to alleviate aging of the skin.

Unique Retinol Therapy with Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammaging Complex for Naturally Reborn Skin: The Clinical Case Series Study

One of the methods used to prevent symptoms of skin aging are chemical peels. Among retinoids, retinol is much less described in the literature than tretinoin as a substance used in the peel procedure. The aim of our study was to determine the efficacy of using a 4% retinol solution product containing novel TGF‐β activators and antioxidants in improving the condition of the skin in patients with facial skin issues caused by aging and skin disorders. Each of 15 patients went through three peel treatment series, with a 30‐day gap between each session and was examined using Multi Skin Test MC 1000 Courage + Khazaka, evaluating hydration, elasticity, and skin pigmentation and Observ 520x. All patients reported overall improvement after the peeling procedure, and most of them reported subjective improvement in the reduction of the facial skin: tone, skin pigmentation, dehydration, dryness, structure, and sebaceous gland activity. An objective evaluation revealed significant clinical improvement in pigmentation in study groups. Elasticity parameters were shown to increase during treatment, with a greater effect occurring in patients with mature skin with first signs of aging and patients with postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, atrophic acne scars, and enlarged pores. Concluding, combined peel therapy of 4% retinol serum product containing novel TGF‐β activators and antioxidants showed good efficacy in reducing facial pigmentation of the skin high patients’ satisfaction with the procedure. The study revealed that the described method is simple to use, has low cost, is with rare adverse events, and has well tolerability.

Non-invasive indicators of skin aging; A study on the population of Karachi using SCINEXA

Background: Skin, the most visible human entity, quickly displays emotional, physical, and psychological well-being. Research has shown a linear correlation between both types of skin aging within 30–69 years. Thus, the current research study aimed to highlight the use of SCINEXA, the novel skin aging score, in predicting accelerated biological aging.
 Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Karachi, Pakistan, from 8th October 2021 to 4th December 2021. Both male and female subjects of age groups from 19 to 69 years were included. A novel skin aging score, 'SCINEXA' (Score of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Skin Aging), was used to assess skin aging. Both extrinsic and intrinsic signs were analyzed in terms of pigmented spots, coarse wrinkles, solar elastosis, telangiectasia, and laxity & seborrheic keratosis, respectively.
 Results: The SCINEXA score indicated that 91.3% of participants had low aging signs and decreased pigmentation, while 2.9% had relatively high pigmentation on the forehead, cheek, forearm, and back of the hand. Coarse Wrinkles of grade 5 on the forehead were present among 19.7% of individuals, and 20.6% showed the same in the crow feet area. The skin aging symptoms are most significantly associated with age (p<0.05).
 Conclusion: Accelerated biological aging is not found in the studied population using the SCINEXA tool; therefore, the studied population's skin has been found resilient to photo-aging.

706 Ceramide-1-phosphate accelerates premature skin aging in skin fibroblasts exposed to diesel particulate extract

Extrinsic factors, such as air pollutants and ultraviolet irradiation (UVR), accelerate premature aging, and a correlation between levels of pollutants and skin aging symptoms has been reported. Diesel particulate matter, a major source of air pollution, helps initiate some diseases, including skin diseases. We recently demonstrated that diesel particulate extract (DPE) activates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX), followed by activation of sphingomyelinase (SMase), leading to ceramide (Cer) production in cultured normal keratinocytes (KC).

Effect of A. polygama APEE (Actinidia polygama ethanol extract) or APWE (Actinidia polygama water extract) on wrinkle formation in UVB-irradiated hairless mice.

Actinidia polygama (silver vine) is considered a medical plant which has been used in oriental medicine. It has been used for the treatment of pain, gout, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammation. Few studies reported on the effect of Actinidia polygama (silver vine) on skin photoaging. To evaluate the anti-photoaging effect of the ethanol and water extracts of A.polygama (APEE and APWE, respectively) in UVB-irradiated hairless mice. SKH-1hairless mice were exposed to UVB irradiation (30-60mJ/cm2 ), following orally APEE or APWE oral administration for 10weeks. We examined the effect on winkle improvement by a measuring Fullscope, PRIMOS, Craniometer, and Cutometer. Furthermore, we analyzed histological changes in mouse dorsal skin through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome (MT) staining. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase (1, 3, and 9) was analyzed by immunoblotting. Oral administration of APEE or APWE at 100 or 200mg/kg in UVB-irradiated mice alleviated the symptoms of skin aging, such as wrinkling, epidermal hyperplasia, and water loss. In addition, the APEE or APWE oral administration increased skin elasticity by enhancing the production of type I collagen, elastin, and hyaluronic acid synthase and downregulating matrix metalloproteinase (1, 3, and 9) expression. Based on results for our study, APEE or APWE could protect the UVB-mediated skin wrinkle and is new target for the developing anti-wrinkle cosmetics.

Sirtuin 1 and Skin: Implications in Intrinsic and Extrinsic Aging-A Systematic Review.

Skin, as the outermost organ of the body, is constantly exposed to both intrinsic and extrinsic causative factors of aging. Intrinsic aging is related to compromised cellular proliferative capacity, and may be accelerated by harmful environmental influences with the greatest significance of ultraviolet radiation exposure, contributing not only to premature aging, but also to skin carcinogenesis. The overall skin cancer burden and steadily increasing global antiaging market provide an incentive for searching novel targets to improve skin resistance against external injury. Sirtuin 1, initially linked to extension of yeast and rodent lifespan, plays a key role in epigenetic modification of proteins, histones, and chromatin by which regulates the expression of genes implicated in the oxidative stress response and apoptosis. The spectrum of cellular pathways regulated by sirtuin 1 suggests its beneficial impact on skin aging. However, the data on its role in carcinogenesis remains controversial. The aim of this review was to discuss the relevance of sirtuin 1 in skin aging, in the context of intrinsic factors, related to genetic premature aging syndromes, as well as extrinsic modifiable ones, with the assessment of its future application. PubMed were searched from inception to 4 January 2021 for relevant papers with further search carried out on ClinicalTrials.gov. The systematic review included 46 eligible original articles. The evidence from numerous studies proves sirtuin 1 significance in both chronological and premature aging as well as its dual role in cancer development. Several botanical compounds hold the potential to improve skin aging symptoms.

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Suppresses the Expression of TNF-α-Induced MMP-1 via MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathways in Human Dermal Fibroblasts.

Deeper wrinkles and loss of elasticity are one of the skin-aging symptoms. Collagen breakdown by matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), which is induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, has been known to be responsible for these skin-aging symptoms. Therefore, much attention has been paid to chemicals to suppress the MMP-1 activity. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), catechin rich in green tea, has been reported to show antioxidant and protect skin from various stimuli such as UV and chemicals. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of EGCG on MMP-1 gene expression and secretion in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-treated human dermal fibroblast cells (Hs68 cells). Pre-treatment with EGCG (10 and 20 µM) suppressed TNF-α-induced MMP-1 expression and secretion. EGCG also reduced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) significantly but not that of p38 activation and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Besides, EGCG (10 and 20 µM) showed the inhibitory effect on mitogen-activated protein extracellular kinase (MEK) and Src phosphorylation which is reported to be upstream signal proteins of ERK signal pathway. Based on these results, EGCG might have potential activity to slow down the skin-aging through inhibition of collagen breakdown, which remains to be elucidated.

Erbium fractional laser irradiation combined with autologous platelet-rich plasma and platelet-poor plasma application for facial rejuvenation.

Erbium fractional laser treatment has immense skin rejuvenation effects, but it is associated with side effects such as erythema and pigmentation. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can enhance the restorative effects of Erbium fractional laser, but there are few studies on this combined treatment in the Asian population, and no study has examined the effects of adding platelet-poor plasma (PPP) to the combination. This study aims to investigate the effects and safety of Erbium fractional laser irradiation combined with autologous PRP and PPP therapy for facial rejuvenation. Between January 2010 and June 2016, 158 patients with facial skin aging were treated by Erbium fractional laser irradiation combined with autologous PRP and PPP. After three sessions, patients and experienced physicians evaluated the effectiveness of the treatment. The symptoms of skin aging, especially skin color, pore expansion, and skin texture, showed obvious improvement after the treatment, according to the evaluation of the patients and the physicians, who reported a total treatment effectiveness rate of 90.51% and 88.61%, respectively. The treatment was well-tolerated by all the participants, and no hyperpigmentation or depigmentation was observed in any of the cases. The reported side effects were edema (1-3days), erythema (2-4days), and crusting (3-10days). Erbium fractional laser irradiation combined with PRP and PPP application is an effective and safe approach for improving facial skin aging and has minimal side effects. Future investigations on a bigger sample with a longer follow-up period should focus on optimizing the treatment protocol and settings.

Extraction and Clinical Application of Calendula officinalis L. Flowers Cream

The results of the HPLC analysis indicated that marigold flowers extract contain nine different active compounds, including Vitexin 11.40%, Rutin 12.29%, Quercetin-3-3galactosid 12.64%, Luteolin-7-glucose9.27%, Quercetin-3-glucoside 7.38%, Quercitrin 9.83%, Myricetin 10%, Luteolin 10.72%, Apigenin 7.08% and kampferol 9.37 %. The results of a clinical study showed the effect of marigold flowers extract cream as an antioxidant which protected the skin in particular from oxidative damage after sunburn and reduced the symptoms of skin aging. This effect was evident in both concentrations 10% and 15% when compared with control. Control response rate, 10% of marigold flowers cream and 15% of flowers extract cream were reached to 76%, 85% and 92% within two weeks of treatment respectively. The Conclusion of this study showed the importance of marigold flowers extract as a source of bioactive compounds such as rutin and quercetin derivatives, vitexin, luteoline, apigenin and kampferol which act as an antioxidant to restore skin health and aging resistance. This study approved that marigold flowers extract characteristics can make it the main ingredients in the preparation of topical agents for the treatment of various skin desases.

PREPARATION, EVALUATION, AND CLINICAL APPLICATION OF SAFFLOWER CREAM AS TOPICAL NUTRITIVE AGENT

Objective: The objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate safflower seeds oil as herbal nutritive skin cream and to study its clinical effect.Methods: After collecting the safflower seeds, the oil was extracted using an expeller or cold pressing. Physical parameters of oil were determined. Determination of unsaturated fatty acids was done by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). The oil is then placed in an emulsifier to form cream using various additives and all formulas evaluated according to physical properties, PH, and viscosity.All symptoms such as skin damage by sunlight, skin aging, oxidative damage after sunburn or after chemical treatments, all of these conditions have recovered. Statistical data analysis was carried out using Statistical Analysis System, and all recorded data for analysis of variance and least significant difference were at least the significant difference at level 0.01.Results: The results of the GLC analysis indicated that safflower oil contains five different fatty acids, including linoleic acid (56.37%), linolenic acid (15.02%), stearic acid (2.37%), oleic acid (14.83%), and palmitic acid (7.91%).Refractive index values, density, and specific gravity were 1.476, 0.921 g/cm3, and 0.925, respectively.The results of a clinical study showed the effect of safflower cream as an antioxidant which protected the skin in particular from oxidative damage after sunburn and reduced the symptoms of skin aging. This effect was evident in both concentrations 10% and 15% when compared with control.Control response rate, 10% of safflower cream, and 15% of safflower cream were reached to 76%, 85%, and 92% within 2 weeks of treatment, respectively.Conclusion: The study showed the importance of safflower oil as a source of omega-3 and contains various unsaturated fatty acids which act as an antioxidant to restore skin health and aging resistance. This study approved that safflower oil characteristics can make it the main ingredients in the preparation of topical agents for the treatment of various skin problems.

Apple of Sodom (<em>Calatropis procera</em>) Callus Extract, a Novel Skincare Active and Its Biological Activity in Skin Models When Combined with Dead Sea Water

Background: Calotropis procera (C. procera), is an authentic plant naturally grown in the flora of Dead Sea region. Despite its toxicity, C. procera presents healing properties. However, it has not been implemented yet in cosmetics as an active ingredient. Objective: The biological effects of C. procera callus extract on skin were elucidated solely and in combination with Dead Sea water (DSW). Methods: The capability of C. procera extract to protect against skin inflammation and irritation was tested on ex vivo human skin organ culture by LPS and SDS addition respectively. Viability and cytokine secretion were evaluated. The combination of C. procera extract with Dead Sea water was tested on full thickness skin equivalents. Gene expression and relevant biochemical markers for glycolysis, hypoxia and extracellular matrix balance were tested. Results: C. procera extract exhibits a protective biological activity against skin irritation and inflammation at the biochemical level. Furthermore, a combination of C. procera extract and DSW demonstrates a potential contribution for skin wellbeing via enhance energy production, resistance to hypoxia and extracellular matrix balance. Conclusions: Topical application of C. procera callus extract might support skin balance and wellbeing at the molecular level. Hence, it is recommended for new cosmetic formulae as standalone or in combination with Dead Sea water, in the effort to achieve anti-aging bio-activity that is working beyond skin aging symptoms, especially via skin calming effects and skin energy enhancement.

Melanin and lipofuscin as hallmarks of skin aging.

Discoloration are symptoms of skin aging. They are connected with presence of melanin and lipofuscin, whose excess and abnormal distribution in the skin cause dark spots to appear. Melanin is formed under the influence of tyrosinase during melanogenesis. Its content changes with age, which may be a result of menopause. Lipofuscin is another example of the age pigment. It is composed of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. It is described as an age pigment because its content increases with age. The formation and accumulation of lipofuscin is inevitable and leads to cell and homeostasis dysfunction because it reduces the proteasome activity.

Influence of the complex of retinol-vitamin C on skin surface lipids.

Retinol is used to reduce symptoms of skin aging. It affects surface lipids and increases skin regeneration ability. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of retinol peel on the face and neck skin lipids in women, aged 50-69. The level of secreted sebum was measured using Sebumeter SM15 (Courage & Khazaka, Germany) on the forehead, cheeks, nose, chin, and neck. The measurements were carried out before each of the 3 retinol peel treatments applied at 3-week interval and 3 weeks after the last treatment. A statistically significant increase of lipid film in both U-zone and T-zone and on the neck was observed in the study group. Retinol peel treatments can help to increase the amount of skin surface lipids in women during menopause.