Effect Of Structure Size Research Articles

Decoding The Impact: How Corporate Structure And Size Influence Earning Response Coefficient

The purpose of this research is to determine how much influence the capital structure and company size have on the earning response coefficient both size of the company on the earning response coefficient either partially or simultaneously on the Computer and Device Services Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2020-2022.The research methods used in this research are descriptive methods and associative methods. In this research, the unit of analysis is the Financial Statement Document at the Computer and Device Services Company Financial Report Documents on Computer and Device Services Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2020-2022. The samples in this study were 36 annual financial reports annual. The analysis method uses panel data regression analysis. Based on the results showed that partially there is a significant positive effect of capital structure on earning response coefficient, and partially there is a significant positive effect of capital structure on earnings re capital structure on earning response coefficient, and partially there is a significant positive effect on earning response coefficient. significant effect of company size on earning response coefficient, and simultaneously there is an effect of capital structure and company size on earning response coefficient.

Efficient adsorption and selective separation of high value-added chemicals from simulated expired energy drinks by metal-organic frameworks

Expired energy drinks contain a certain amount of high-value chemicals, such as caffeine, that possess biological activity. The recovery and recycling of these valuable chemicals plays a crucial role in promoting the achievement of carbon emission reduction goals. In this work, 11 kinds of water-stable MOFs with different pore channel structure were synthesized and used for the first time to adsorb caffeine, nicotinic acid, or taurine from water. It has been found that the size effect of the topological structure of MOF adsorbents is the fundamental factor governing their adsorption performance. The optimized adsorbent UiO-67 exhibits excellent adsorption performance for caffeine and nicotinic acid, with respective adsorption capacities of 830 mg/g and 583 mg/g. The investigated MOF has a very low adsorption capacity for taurine (48 mg/g); therefore, selective separation of caffeine/taurine and nicotinic acid/taurine was achieved. The adsorption process can be accurately described by both the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order model. Adsorption mechanism reveals that the main driving forces of the adsorption process are π-π interaction between UiO-67 and CN in caffeine, as well as hydrogen bonding interactions between the N atom of caffeine’s two CO groups and μ-OH of UiO-67.

Drivers of industrial carbon emissions in the Yangtze River Delta region, China: A combination of decoupling and LMDI models

ABSTRACT The expansion of the industrial economy has resulted in high carbon emissions (CE) from the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region. Industrial CE reduction is a non-negligible way to achieve green and low-carbon development. In this paper, we aim to study the decoupling effect of industrial CE and its socio-economic influencing factors in the YRD region from 2005 to 2020. First, the decoupling relationship between industrial CE and industrial output in the YRD region is measured. Then, using the LMDI method, the variation of industrial CE is decomposed into six factors: energy structure ( Δ c s ), energy intensity ( Δ c i ), economic scale ( Δ c e ), labor structure ( Δ c l ), urbanization rate ( Δ c u ) and population size ( Δ c p ) effect. Subsequently, by combining with the decoupling and LMDI models, the contribution of each factor to the decoupling of industrial CE is studied, and the elasticity of each factor is expressed by η s , η i , η e , η l , η u , and η p . The main findings show that: (1) There are two states of weak and strong decoupling between industrial CE and the industrial economy in the YRD. (2) Δ c e is the most powerful factor in promoting industrial CE, while Δ c i and Δ c l are the factors that inhibit industrial CE in the YRD. (3) η i and η l have promoted the decoupling of industrial CE from economic advancement in the YRD and its three provinces and one city, while η e has consistently been the largest obstacle to the decoupling process. Finally, the policy recommendations proposed in this paper aim to help policy-makers and practitioners in the YRD region achieve a win-win balance between industrial CE and industrial output, and inspire further research on the decoupling and decomposition of industrial CE from an academic perspective.

Numerical study of hydrodynamic drag effects of streamwise riblet structures on SUBOFF bare hull model

This study performs a full-scale numerical simulation on meter-scale underwater vehicles (UWVs) with micrometer-scale V-type streamwise riblet structures, focusing on hydrodynamic drag using the SUBOFF model. The periodic simulation along the azimuthal direction enables the full-scale analysis. Two main scenarios are discussed: (1) effect of riblet structure size on drag at a constant maneuvering speed and (2) effect of maneuvering speed on drag for representative riblet cases. In scenario (1), the average wall shear stress at the central region of the body exhibited significant reduction of approximately 50%. However, owing to larger effective area at the central surface of the body fixed with riblets, the friction drag may either decrease or increase depending on the riblet size. Consequently, R100 case showed maximum total drag reduction of ∼3%, whereas R500 case showed maximum increase in drag of ∼3%, where R100 and R500 indicate riblet-applied SUBOFF models with riblet heights of 100 and 500 μm, respectively. In scenario (2), friction drag in riblet-applied region exhibited smaller variations in R100 case, showing universal drag reduction effect at all speeds. In contrast, R500 case showed significant variations, with drag increments ranging from minimum of 1% to maximum of 12% at all speeds.

Concurrent multiscale topology optimization for size-dependent structures incorporating multiple-phase materials

The significant progress in additive manufacturing has resulted in the development of well-engineered microstructures with innovative topological configurations, showcasing exceptional performance across diverse fields. Topology optimization is widely recognized as an advanced design tool that provides engineers with new insights for creating lightweight structures. As integration devices continue to trend towards miniaturization, the size effect in small-scale structures remains a persistent challenge. The absence of characteristic parameters to describe this size effect hinders proper explanation through traditional multiscale topology optimization based on classical mechanics. Therefore, we propose a size-dependent topology optimization framework for concurrent multiscale design involving multiple-phase materials. The modified couple stress theory is proposed to account for the size effect in small-scale structures. The numerical findings suggest that the size effect is significantly influenced by the ratio of elastic modulus, volume fraction, and width-to-length ratio of the representative volume element as its characteristic size approaches the length of the material. These results highlight the importance of considering size-dependent effects in topology optimization for multiscale design and provide valuable insights for engineers and researchers in this field.

Data-driven rogue waves solutions for the focusing and variable coefficient nonlinear Schrödinger equations via deep learning.

In this paper, we investigate the data-driven rogue waves solutions of the focusing and the variable coefficient nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equations by the deep learning method from initial and boundary conditions. Specifically, first- and second-order rogue wave solutions for the focusing NLS equation and three deformed rogue wave solutions for the variable coefficient NLS equation are solved using physics-informed memory networks (PIMNs). The effects of optimization algorithm, network structure, and mesh size on the solution accuracy are discussed. Numerical experiments clearly demonstrate that the PIMNs can capture the nonlinear features of rogue waves solutions very well. This is of great significance for revealing the dynamical behavior of the rogue waves solutions and advancing the application of deep learning in the field of solving partial differential equations.

Decomposition analysis of regional differences in China's carbon emissions based on socio-economic factors

Developing policies and setting carbon reduction targets for various regions in China are important actions to narrow the gap of regional carbon emissions. This study reports on the differences in carbon emissions in the eastern, central, and western regions of China from 2005 to 2021 using the Theil index, and decomposes carbon emissions into emission intensity, industrial structure, economic scale, and population size effects using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index. In order to analyze the impact of socio-economic factors on carbon emissions, the industrial structure and emission intensity effects are divided into six socio-economic sectors. The major outcomes reported that: (1) the regional differences account for 70 % of the total carbon emissions difference, and the eastern region reported the most significant carbon emission difference; (2) the emission intensity and the economy scale are the top two effects on carbon emissions. The economic scale effect always drives an increase in carbon emissions, while emission intensity promotes a decrease in carbon emissions. The industrial structure effect shows a gradually decreasing trend in all regions, especially in the eastern region, the effect has turned negative since 2013. This is due to the proposed industrial transformation and upgrading in China since 2013, which has promoted the reconstruction of competitive advantages for high polluting heavy industry enterprises and accelerating the green transformation of industrial technology; (3) the industry sector contributes to the highest carbon emissions, followed by the transportation sector. Both sectors are the top two emitters and should be targeted for carbon reduction. The carbon emissions were generated based on the terminal energy consumption. The contribution effects of multiple industries and the differences in carbon emissions as affected by the driving factors and economic mechanisms among different regions in China were analyzed.

Pengaruh Struktur Modal, Likuiditas, Aktivitas, Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Kesulitan Keuangan

This study aims to find empirical evidence of the effect of capital structure, liquidity, activity, and company size on financial distress (KK). The sample used is companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) engaged in the consumer goods sector in 2016-2020. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling with financial statement criteria in rupiah and explicitly lists operating profits. The number of samples analyzed was 305 units. The analysis tool uses binary logistic regression. The results obtained are that the capital structure (SM) has a significant positive effect on KK, liquidity (LIK) has a significant negative effect on KK, activity (AKT) has a significant negative effect on KK, and company size (UP) has a significant negative effect on KK. Keywords: Financial Distress, Capital Structure, Liquidity, Activity, Firm Size

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI FIRM VALUE DENGAN MODERASI KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL

The purpose of this research is to analyze and obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of capital structure, profitability, and firm size on firm value with a moderating variable, namely managerial ownership. This study uses 114 data samples from manufacturing companies that have been listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2018-2020 period. In this study also used Eviews 12 to perform research data processing. The results obtained from the study are that capital structure has a positive and insignificant effect on firm value. Profitability has a positive and significant effect on firm value. Firm size has a negative and insignificant effect on firm value. In addition, managerial ownership is not able to moderate the relationship between capital structure, profitability, and firm size with firm value.

Effect of structural support size and position on depressed tibial plateau fractures: A finite element analysis

ObjectiveStructural support for depressed tibial plateau fractures is receiving increasing attention. Currently, there has been little biomechanical evaluation of structural support. This work aimed to investigate the effect of structural support size and position on fracture fixation stability. MethodsA split-depressed tibial plateau fracture model was created according to the fracture map. Cortical screws combined with structural filler were used for fracture fixation. The filler diameter was set to small, medium and large, and the filler position was set to the center and offset by 1, 2 and 3 mm to study the effect of position and size on stability. ResultsThe maximum stress on the implant in all scenarios occurs at the lower contact surface between the anterior screw and the filler. Increased support size resulted in increased mean maximum screw stress, depressed fragment axial displacement and separated fragment transverse displacement (screw stress: 266.6 ± 37.7 MPa vs. 266.7 ± 51.0 MPa vs. 273.8 ± 41.5 MPa; depressed displacement: 0.123 ± 0.036 mm vs. 0.133 ± 0.049 mm vs. 0.158 ± 0.050 mm; separated displacement: 0.402 ± 0.031 mm VS 0.412 ± 0.047 mm VS 0.437 ± 0.049 mm). The larger the offset of the support position was, the larger the peak screw stress and the larger the reduction loss of depressed and separated fragment reduction, regardless of the support size. The medium support combined with the central position presented the minimum of peak stress and reduction loss. Cortical bone was below 2 % and trabecular strain was below 10 % for all scenarios. ConclusionCentral placement of structural support provides superior stability for the treatment of depressed tibial plateau fractures compared to the eccentric placement. When a support is placed centrally, optimal stability is achieved when the diameter matches the diameter of the depressed region. Thus, the utilization of equal-diameter fillers to provide central support appears to be an ideal selection for depressed tibial plateau fractures.

Experimental investigation on the size-dependent CFRP shear contribution in CFRP-strengthened RC shear wall

Most of the current methods for estimating the shear contribution of CFRP are based on laboratory testing of small-sized specimens. The applicability of the current codes on large-sized FRP-strengthened shear walls remains debatable. The present study addresses the problem by investigating the combined effects of structural sizes and CFRP ratios on the shear contribution of CFRP. Through experiments, a series of geometrically similar CFRP-strengthened RC shear walls were designed and subjected to a cyclic horizontal loading. From the experiments, the following results can be obtained. The application of the externally bonded CFRP strips alters the failure mode and enhances remarkably the seismic resistance by suppressing crack propagation and increasing the energy dissipation. The increasing specimen size reduces the enhancement effects of CFRP on the nominal shear strength, ductility, and energy dissipation. These findings indicate that without considering the size effect, the effective strain that reflects the shear contribution of CFRP strips are greatly overestimated by the current codes. Therefore, the present study proposed and validated an effective strain factor capturing the combined effects of the structural size and the CFRP ratio on the shear contribution of CFRP strips, serving in assessing the shear strengthening effect of CFRP on shear walls.

Influences of structural size and confinement effect on the axial compressive behavior of SCFST columns

In this study, the mechanical behavior of geometrically similar square concrete filled steel tubular (SCFST) columns under axial compression was investigated using numerical modeling. The effects of the confinement effect and structural size on the axial compressive behavior of the SCFST column were studied. A 3D mesoscale model of the SCFST column under axial compression was established and verified using available test results. The failure mode and the nominal axial stress-axial strain curve were then presented and analyzed. The effects of the steel ratio and section size on the failure mode of the SCFST column were not obvious. As the section size of the SCFST column increases, the peak axial stress and corresponding peak axial strain show a descending trend. Specifically, as the section size changes from 100 mm to 800 mm, the peak axial stress decreases by 46.2% and 23.8% corresponding to the steel ratios of 0.0 and 0.21. With an increase in the steel ratio increases and enhanced confinement effect, the influence of the size effect on the peak axial stress decreases. For the outer steel tube, the vertical stress increases and the hoop stress decreases with the increasing section size, leading to the weakened confinement effect. Subsequently, an empirical formula considering the size effect was proposed to calculate the axial bearing capacity of SCFST columns with different structural sizes and confinement effects. The proposed empirical equation was validated using collected test results. This equation can be applied to predict the axial load bearing capacity of SCFST columns with different structural sizes and steel ratios, especially for large structural sizes.

Electrochemical activity of 3d transition metal ions in polyanionic compounds for sodium‐ion batteries

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries are expected to replace lithium‐ion batteries in large‐scale energy storage systems due to their low cost, wide availability, and high abundance. Polyanionic materials are considered to be the most promising cathode materials for sodium‐ion batteries because of their cycling stability and structural stability. However, limited by its poor electronic conductivity, the electrochemical performance needs to be further improved. This paper reviews the characterization and development of 3d transition metal ions polyanionic compounds, along with the summarized effect of structure and particle size on the performance and improvement of electrochemical properties. Meanwhile, crystal structure modulation, transition metal ion choice, and transition metal ion doping can improve the electrochemical performance and energy density of polyanionic compounds. Finally, this review points out the challenges of polyanionic compounds and puts forward some particular standpoints, contributing to the promising development of polyanionic compounds in the large‐scale energy storage market.

Mechanics of structural size effect in impact brittle fracture of steels and consequent scaling laws for fracture

A large structural size effect on brittle fracture energy was observed in studies of impact fracture of steels by Stanton, Batson and Docherty, nearly 100 years ago. The size effect was seen in macroscopically brittle fractures of geometrically similar specimens tested over a large size range. These historical findings have great significance in designing large-scale steel structures such as ships and bridges. However, there has been no physical principle or theory yet to explain the size effects observed by Stanton, Batson and Docherty. In the present work, a new approach based on net-section mechanics is used to explain the size effect. It is shown that the change in net-section strain energy predicts well the size effect on fracture energy , under the constant condition of cleavage crack initiation stress at the notch root. The spectacular decrease in specific fracture energy with increased specimen size is explained by noting the three-dimensional nature of stored strain energy and the two-dimensional nature of fracture energy dissipated in the crack layer. By scaling both energies to a reference cubic specimen volume and equating, an expression that describes the inverse size dependence of specific fracture energy has been formulated. The mechanics of the size effect is illustrated by assessing the theory with extensive experimental data. Further, scaling laws for fracture energy have been developed. This work honours the pioneering studies of Stanton, Batson and Docherty, which have been instrumental for the development of the present theory and analysis.

Physical informed memory networks for solving PDEs: implementation and applications

With the advent of physics informed neural networks (PINNs), deep learning has gained interest for solving nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) in recent years. In this paper, physics informed memory networks (PIMNs) are proposed as a new approach to solving PDEs by using physical laws and dynamic behavior of PDEs. Unlike the fully connected structure of the PINNs, the PIMNs construct the long-term dependence of the dynamics behavior with the help of the long short-term memory network. Meanwhile, the PDEs residuals are approximated using difference schemes in the form of convolution filter, which avoids information loss at the neighborhood of the sampling points. Finally, the performance of the PIMNs is assessed by solving the KdV equation and the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, and the effects of difference schemes, boundary conditions, network structure and mesh size on the solutions are discussed. Experiments show that the PIMNs are insensitive to boundary conditions and have excellent solution accuracy even with only the initial conditions.

Topology optimisation for vibration bandgaps of periodic composite plates using the modified couple stress continuum

We propose a topology optimisation approach that can effectively account for the size effect of periodic composite plates to determine the optimal material distribution for achieving the largest bandgap width. The approach is based on the modified couple stress continuum and uses the relative bandgap width as the objective function, with volume constraints defined as the constraint function. The material properties are represented by the solid isotropic material with penalisation (SIMP) interpolation model, and the optimality criteria (OC) algorithm is employed to update the design variables. To address the significant size effect of the microplate structure, we use the modified couple stress continuum to model the dynamic behaviour of the unit cell. The Melosh–Zienkiewicz–Cheung (MZC) finite element is employed to ensure nodal C 1 continuity and achieve high-order elasticity with respect to inter-element continuity. Our results demonstrate that the proposed topology optimisation methodology is capable of effectively designing optimal unit cell configurations that account for size effect and significantly improve the bandgap width. We also investigate the impact of thickness and volume limitations on the optimised unit cell configuration. The obtained results suggest that the proposed topology optimisation framework is a promising approach for designing unit cell geometries with the account for size effect.

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI NILAI PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

This study aims to analyze the effect of capital structure, firm growth and firm size on firm value of company listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) with managerial ownership as moderating variable. The study period from 2018 to 2020. The study used a quantitative method with multiple linear regression analysis. The study sample was taken based on purposive sampling method consisted of sixty five manufacturing companies. The data collected, was processed using EViews v.12.0 program. The results of this study show that the capital strucutre dan firm growth has significant positive effect on firm value. Menawhile, the results of firm size has no significant effect on firm value. This study also analyze that moderating variable of managerial ownership is not capable of moderated all variables of capital structure, firm growth dan firm size on firm value.

PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS, STRUKTUR MODAL DAN AKTIVITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN

The purpose of this study was to determine an empirical evidence regarding the effect of profitability, capital structure, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, liquidity, activity, dividend policy, and firm size as independent variable on firm value as dependent variable. The population in this study used non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2021 period, 53 companies passed with a total of 159 data used for this study. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method with determining criteria in determining the population. The results of this study shows that profitability have a negative effect because some investors choose to buy shares of companies that have experienced a decline in profits. The capital structure have a positive effect because a good capital structure shows good business prospects in the future. Liquidity have a negative effect, due to high liquidity focusing the company on meeting short-term obligations rather than distributing shareholder dividends. Firm size have a positive effect on firm value because large firm size will result in greater profits and make it easier for firms to obtain external capital. Meanwhile, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, activity, dividend policy have no effect on firm value.

The Effect of Macroeconomic Fundamentals, Capital Structure, Financial Performance, and Company Size on Investment Decisions in Automotive Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange

This research aims to examine and analyze the influence of macro fundamentals of capital structure, financial performance and company size on investment decisions in automotive companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The type of research carried out was quantitative with secondary data sources obtained from the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The population in this research is automotive companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, totaling 12 companies. This research uses SmartPLS. The results of this research show that macro fundamentals have a positive and significant influence on investment decisions, macro fundamentals have a positive and significant influence on financial performance, macro fundamentals have a negative and significant influence on capital structure, macro fundamentals have a negative and significant influence on company size, financial performance has a negative and significant influence on investment decisions, capital structure has a positive and significant effect on investment decisions, company size has a positive and significant effect on investment decisions.

Nanoconfinement of ultra-small Bi2Te3 nanocrystals on reduced graphene oxide: a pathway to high-performance sodium-ion battery anodes.

Bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) nanomaterials have attracted considerable attention owing to their intriguing physicochemical properties and wide-ranging potential applications arising from their distinctive layered structure and nanoscale size effects. However, synthesizing sub-100 nm ultra-small Bi2Te3 nanocrystals remains a formidable challenge. To date, there has been little investigation on the performance of these ultra-small Bi2Te3 nanocrystals in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). This study presents a general strategy for synthesizing ultra-small Bi2Te3 nanocrystals on reduced graphene oxide (Bi2Te3/rGO) through a nanoconfinement approach. First-principles calculations and electrochemical kinetic studies confirm that the ultra-small Bi2Te3/rGO composite material can effectively mitigate volumetric expansion, preserve electrode integrity, and enhance electron transfer, Na-ion adsorption, and diffusion capacity. As a result, the Bi2Te3/rGO electrode demonstrates a remarkable initial specific capacity of 521 mA h g-1 at 0.1 A g-1, showcasing outstanding rate behaviour and long-lasting cycle life exceeding 800 cycles at 1 A g-1 while preserving exceptional rate properties. The function of the battery is indicated by ex situ TEM and XPS findings, which propose a conventional dual mechanism involving conversion and alloying. This work paves the way for rapid advancements in Bi2Te3-based SIB anodes while contributing to our understanding of sodium ion storage mechanisms.