Method Of Situational Analysis Research Articles

Therapeutic alignments: examining police and public health/harm reduction partnerships

ABSTRACT Ongoing calls for police reform across North America alongside the growing momentum for the removal of criminal sanctions for personal possession of drugs have placed policing agencies in an ambivalent position with respect to drug governance and people who use drugs (PWUD). Meanwhile, in response to the longstanding harms produced by drug law enforcement, calls for harm reduction policing have gained traction in recent years, resulting in collaborations between policing agencies and health services, including naloxone administration by police officers, post-overdose outreach and wellness checks, and integrated public health-public safety response and information sharing frameworks. Using situational analysis method, we consider the range of elements and actors that form these partnerships, and their broader structural, institutional, and policy effects. We detail the actual and potential implications of such forms of institutional coordination on health, equity, and the possibility of meaningful drug law reform. Our analysis reveals that rather than mitigating the harms of drug enforcement, such initiatives stand to undermine access to services and increase health system avoidance by eroding trust in public health and harm reduction among PWUD. We reason that the recasting of police as therapeutic agents and as embedded in medico-therapeutic practices reaffirms the role of punitive enforcement practices in drug governance.

Uncovering Covid-19, distance learning, and educational inequality in rural areas of Pakistan and China: a situational analysis method

Challenges to education in rural areas have been reported for a long time, and the respective governments are continuously making efforts to address them. However, the eruption of the Covid-19 pandemic resulted in the total closure of schools and a surge in internet and distance learning. Hence, there is a need to assess the situation periodically to gauge the effectiveness of government efforts in tackling these challenges and understand the impact of the virus outbreak on the education landscape. This study focuses on rural areas of Pakistan and China, utilizing the Situational Analysis Method (SAM). The study findings revealed several key points. Firstly, in both rural Pakistan and China, Covid-19 led to an increase in the number and scope of distance learning activities. However, there is a need for better experiences to effectively manage distance learning for students, parents, and teachers. Moreover, specific issues peculiar to rural China include shortages of relevant facilities such as computers, smartphones, and poor connectivity. In contrast, rural Pakistan faces challenges of unpreparedness and higher teacher workloads. Secondly, since internet connectivity is an essential component for distance learning, rural Pakistan shows higher internet penetration compared to rural areas in China. Nevertheless, internet connection speed in China remains higher and consistent, whether in urban or rural regions. However, both countries struggle with poor internet connection in rural areas due to the lack of enough potential customers. Thirdly, rural education in both countries is plagued by poverty, inadequate funding, and many students having to endure long and hazardous journeys to school. Specific issues in rural China include poor parental care due to migration and a shortage of teachers, while rural Pakistan grapples with limited educational opportunities for children and women, insufficient educational training for teachers, issues of social norms, and attacks on schools by extremist groups.

Situational Analysis in Accounting Research

Objective: Revise and illustrate the Situational Analysis (SA) method and its theoretical and procedural assumptions to enable novel inductive inquiry in accounting studies.
 Method: We develop a theoretical essay on SA advances Grounded Theory, addressing the challenges of social life in the postmodern world. The essay focus on how accounting researchers can explore SA in diverse projects, especially those requiring multiple data about a particular phenomenon, allowing researchers to integrate action in different contexts. SA’s analytical stance is structured through maps, embracing the notion of empirical evidence to promote epistemic diversity and multivocality and recognize the importance of non-human elements in structuring social relations.
 Results: The paper presents an analytical alternative that is not limited to the micro, meso, or macro levels of events. Facing complexities, it provides relational views of ecologies of situations, repositioning research in individual, collective and discursive ways. With SA, a researcher can develop novel inquiry that challenges the status quo and unexplored facets of complex situations.
 Contributions: The paper explores and illustrates the potential of a qualitative method not yet familiar to accounting researchers, bridging the gap between post-modern perspectives on discourse and investigation of agency on complex phenomena involving accounting concepts and mechanisms.

Non-timber forest products as essential elements of the forest resource in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

This study provides biological and operational data on the reserves of non-timber forest products in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), which play an important role in this region. The legal framework and system for harvesting and selling non-wood forest products by the population of the region were examined. We propose directions for increasing the volume of harvested non-wood forest food products, which can contribute to social and economic development in the region. This study employs economic and statistical analyses, situational analysis, and sociological research methods. A forecast for the most common wild berries was made based on the average annual yields harvested by all entities engaged in this type of economic activity. Information on the natural and economic conditions for the use of forest product resources and the possible development of regional markets for valuable natural reserves can be applied to regional studies to develop programs for forested areas. The proposed developments can be used to study issues related to the functioning of the regional market for non-timber forest products.

Situational analysis of scenarios of the development of fishing and processing for under exploited freshwater fish resources of Russia

Current problem situation for purpose of business developing for small fishery companies is studying in presented article. The main features of this study relating with taking into account those kinds of fish resources which catching and processing of raw fish is problematic. Differ­ence between potential income value indicators in case of optimal development business sce­nario and possible current problem situations indicators has been analyzed. Situation analysis methods, sensitivity and stability of the business parameters were applied for studying of typical problem situation key factors. Catch volumes and market prices for selling products have the greatest impact on the small fishing companies business performance.

Level of burnout syndrome in teachers of the Tecnológico Nacional de México campus Villahermosa in times of COVID-19

This research was carried out to determine the level of burnout syndrome in teachers of the Instituto Tecnologico de Villahermosa, showing the level of stress generated by the COVID-19 pandemic during virtual classes. The level of impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental, physical and emotional health will be analyzed using a qualitative-quantitative, exploratory and descriptive approach, as well as the method of situational analysis supported by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire. This analysis will contribute to the reflection of the consequences of developing a high level of stress. The type of sampling was simple random, where it was guaranteed that all sample elements have a priori the same probability of being selected to be part of the sample; the total population for the study corresponds to 245 teachers, performing the calculation of the sample a confidence level of 95% and a margin of error of 6% was obtained, obtaining a total of 128 teachers as a sample. The following results were obtained for each subscale: emotional exhaustion with 56%, physical exhaustion with 57% and psychological or mental exhaustion with 69%.

Including Visual Discourse Materials in Situational Analysis Research

This article introduces the use of Situational Analysis methods with extant »visual discourse« materials found in a particular situation of inquiry. It describes the pressing need to include such analyses in social science research as imagery increasingly pervades and becomes constitutive of daily life. The initial steps are: deciding, locating, collecting, and tracking the extant visual discourse materials. Next, the analyst enters, examines, and begins memoing those materials, including both one’s own impressions and writing specific kinds of guided memos. Next is making the four kinds of maps involved in doing SA research: »situational«, »relational«, »social worlds/arenas« and »positional maps« of these visual discourse materials. The final step is highlighting the most interesting and previously unstudied features of those materials in the research report.

Public administration of business activity as a prerequisite for the development of innovation climate

Aim. The presented study aims to identify, systematize, and describe the specific features of public administration of business activity in the interests of creating and improving innovation climate, which ensures the acceleration of innovative development of the Russian economy under modern conditions.Tasks. The authors explore the essence of the current stage in the development of the innovative economy and the shift towards a post-industrial society in Russia; determine the nature of the influence of public administration tools and market self-regulation on the development of innovation climate; form and describe system units that determine the effectiveness of public administration of business activity and stimulation of its innovative activity; identify trends and specific aspects of management tasks in the field of the government’s influence on the level of innovation susceptibility of a wide range of economic entities.Methods. This study uses general scientific research methods (logical and systems approaches), expert assessments, and methods of strategic and situational analysis to establish cause-andeffect relationships, as well as generalization and description of the obtained results.Results. The proposals made by the authors substantiate the modernization of macro-, meso-, and sectoral policies in the field of innovation climate development based on improving business activity and stimulating interest in using innovation as a development tool. The ambiguity of the modern competition mechanism in the market of innovations and innovative products is observed due to the scale and direction of the business, which implies the transformation of the public administration system, especially in the field of antimonopoly regulation. Requirements to national policy in the field of science and education with regard to the search for an effective relationship between the development of fundamental and applied science to ensure the quality of economic growth and achieve economic and other types of security are clarified. The need to modernize development institutions and innovation infrastructure under modern conditions characterized by regionalization and the formation of economic block structures is confirmed.

Methodological foundations of information support for decision-making in the field of food, environmental, and socio-economic components of national security

The negative impact of strategic threats to the development of the state in the context of the development of its national security, in particular food, environmental, and socio-economic components, has intensified in the context of Ukraine's geopolitical challenges. This issue has become particularly acute as a result of open military aggression, which makes it necessary to develop and implement a system of information support for decision-making in the field of national security of Ukraine. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to substantiate methodological foundations of information support of decision-making in the field of national security of Ukraine and their implementation within the framework of the created system, which provides for the collection of information, in particular, using space and geographic information systems, and the use of mathematical modelling and situational analysis methods for data processing. In the course of the research, methods of econometric modelling, structural and functional modelling, and spatial analysis were used. A methodological framework has been developed for decision-making support to address the problems of food, environmental, and socio-economic components of national security. A functional model and algorithm of the decision-making process in the field of national security are constructed and, based on the results obtained, a decision-making system in the field of food, environmental, and socio-economic security is developed. In addition, the study formalises the conceptual provisions of the decision-making support process in the field of national security; a procedure for modelling the country's food security indicators is proposed. Based on the proposed methodological approach, it was determined how much the area of crops decreased due to the temporary occupation and military operations, and the post-war state of fields (minelaying, destruction of crops, equipment, etc.), which allowed forming input data for further projecting of indicators of the development of the agricultural sector and food security in Ukraine, the EU, and the world. The proposed methodological provisions, algorithms, models, and the developed system can be used by state authorities to make managerial decisions on the development of policy in the areas of ensuring food, environmental, and socio-economic security of the country

Development of the comprehensive method of situation management of project risks based on big data technology

Project implementation is often carried out under the influence of negative changes in the environment and circumstances characterized as crisis. Therefore, the processes associated with risk management, which is the object of this study, are becoming important. The topic of this study is to increase the efficiency of projects by adapting the project to crisis conditions, promptly developing and making effective management decisions. For projects, it is necessary not only to identify the current situation as risky but also to determine rational ways to achieve the project goals under crisis conditions. Therefore, a comprehensive method of situational project risk management based on the combined application of situational analysis methods, intelligent and expert methods, as well as Big Data technology, is proposed. Within the framework of the method, a project risk management model has been built in the form of a fuzzy situational graph, which would provide a choice of strategies that could contribute to overcoming a risky situation, as well as reduce the time to make effective management decisions in crisis circumstances. The result of this method is compliance with time constraints, reducing resource overruns and losses in the project, as well as adapting to rapidly changing circumstances and adequate response. A comprehensive method of situational project risk management is characterized by solving the task toformalize management decision-making procedures and their information support, taking into account the availability of both structured and unstructured data. The proposed procedure for situational project risk management based on the use of Big Data technology can also be the basis of project management information technology and the corresponding decision support system

Features of the Presidential Election Campaign of 2022 in the Republic of South Ossetia

The article is devoted to the analysis of the presidential election campaign of 2022 in the Republic of South Ossetia. The author aimed to identify the features of the last election campaign, which made it possible to understand and explain its results, which led to a change of power in the RSO. In this paper, the author used a behavioral approach and a method of situational political analysis, which makes it possible to compile a multifactorial picture of the features of the presidential campaign. The conducted research of the presidential campaign allowed the author to explain the reasons for the departure of the incumbent president and the coming to power of the opposition in the conditions of the seemingly effective internal policy of the party in power.

ЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ КУЛЬТУРНОЇ СПАДЩИНИ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ: ПРАКТИКИ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ

The article deals with the experience of preserving cultural heritage in the armed conflict in Ukraine and international cooperation in this field. The historical reconstruction of the legal protection of cultural heritage is carried out. It is indicated in the article that during the 19th century, international legal bases for the preservation of cultural heritage were actively developed. However, in the 20th century, two world wars brought significant destruction of cultural heritage by all parties of the conflict. And the optimism of the Europeans of the 19th century regarding a civilized attitude to cultural heritage was destroyed, although the work on the creation of international normative documents in the field continued and international organizations were founded that took care of cultural heritage. In the 21st century, the previous trends persist. Such reconstruction can become the context for the Ukrainian situation. To clarify it, the method of situational analysis is used. The situations with the Hryhorii Skovoroda museum in the village of Skovorodinivka in the Kharkiv region and the Ivankiv Local History Museum unfold in time and space and focus the theoretical framework. In the article, the author addresses the problem of the biography of a place, which is relevant in modern social sciences and humanities. Despite objections to anthropomorphization, scholars emphasize the close link of places and human destinies there. Skovorodinivka ceases to be exclusively a place of memory of an outstanding Ukrainian philosopher and becomes evidence of the attitude towards the object of cultural heritage in the current war. The article shows that in Ukraine today, the war is blurring the "battlefield" and military actions are spreading to the territory where the civilian population and cultural heritage sites are located. The striking difference in the attitude towards the cultural heritage of mankind during the military conflicts of the optimistic modern XIX and the postmodernist relativistic XX centuries illustrates the loss of position by modern phenomena. The situation with the Hryhorii Skovoroda museum testifies that today international aid comes for the preservation of the destroyed cultural artifacts. International cooperation is also essential in the issue of digitizing the cultural heritage of Ukraine and creating conditions for its preservation. The article indicates the initiatives of SUCHO (Saving Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Online) and the Vasa Museum, Stockholm, on this path

Women's Terrorism in the Caucasus

Throughout the history of its existence the phenomenon of terrorism has undergone changes in methods, approaches and means of manifestation, however, in the modern world terrorism is becoming a global threat to humanity. The object of research in this article is female terrorism in the Caucasus. The multinational region of the Caucasus encourages the peoples inhabiting it to fight for independence in order to preserve their identity and the right to self-determination. The article examines in detail the history of terrorism in the Caucasus, the role of women in terrorist activities, identifies the origins of the origin of terrorism during the existence of the Russian Empire, and gives the reasons for the emergence of terrorism in the post-Soviet period on the territory of this region. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the fact that women's terrorism, like any manifestation of terrorist activity, is a difficult to predict threat, and in order to eradicate the problem of terrorism, it is necessary to study it and thereby prevent it. Throughout its history, the Caucasus has always remained one of the most unstable regions and was distinguished by high terrorist activity. This is facilitated by various factors that have led to the widespread development of terrorist activities in the territory of this region. The two initial factors are ethnic and confessional. The scientific novelty of the study is due to the study of women's participation in terrorist activities in the Caucasus region, identifying the reasons for their participation. In this study, the authors used the historical method, as well as the method of situational analysis, which was aimed at finding the relationship of women's participation in terrorist activities in the Caucasus. The article examined Russia and the countries of the Caucasus region: Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan. On the basis of a comparative analysis, the article revealed the characteristic features of terrorist activity and the place of female terrorism in the territories of the above-mentioned countries.

Modern Political Protest in the US: Conceptual Framework, Values, Practices

The article analyzes theoretical and methodological approaches to issues related to socio-political mobilization. The main historical eras (premodern, modernity and postmodern) are taken as a basis, which determine various forms, types and practices of political protest. Thus, it is concluded that the level of development of society directly affects political actors, institutional architecture in structural, procedural and regulatory terms, which determines the nature of socio-political actionism. Attention is paid to the practices of postmodern society, which have their own specifics, which is expressed in the formation of a dichotomous, ideological-value spectrum, the struggle for symbolic capital, antagonism between different identities and related social narratives. A special place in the analysis is given to the political-regime configuration, in particular, the post-democratic crisis, which, in the case of American public practices, is to a certain extent overcome through the mechanics of agonistic and counter-democracy. The study uses the method of situational analysis (case studies), which has its own epistemological variability in the form of positivist, critical and interpretive (post-positivist) components. The article also examines the public political struggle in the United States in line with symbolic policies during the presidency of D. Trump. The repertoire of American protest is analyzed in the designated methodological context. Particular attention is paid to the generation aspect of the unconventional protest movement, which is one of the key in both the United States, in particular, and Russia, which is paid to part of the comparativist analysis. The conclusion assesses the relevance of two hypotheses formulated by E. V. Brodovskaya, M. A. Davydova, E. A. Eremin regarding the influence of the level of rigidity of the political regime and the legitimacy of the inactive part of society on the continuum of political manifestation in the United States. If the first conclusion had its practical expression on the example of the American case, then the second looks less unambiguous.

Конкурентное развитие АПК региона на основе цифровизации ключевых бизнес-процессов

The subject of the study is the development of the agro-industrial complex (AIC) based on the digitalization of key business processes. The purpose of the work is to develop a model for the introduction of digital technologies in the production and management of agricultural enterprises. The relevance of this study is due to the fact that the digitalization of agricultural enterprises contributes to the formation of new products and services, the transformation of the management model, changes in production technologies, which generally contributes to the effective development of agricultural enterprises and increase their level of competitiveness in domestic and foreign markets. The paper identifies the potential for the development of competitive advantages of agribusiness enterprises, presents the most significant limitations that restrain the intensive growth of the agro-industrial complex. Research methods – system, structural-functional and comparative analysis, situational analysis method, modeling method. A model of competitive agribusiness development based on digitalization of key business processes has been developed. It is concluded that the digital transformation of agricultural enterprises will allow agricultural producers to make effective management decisions for the best use of innovative technologies, develop forms of cooperation and cooperation, evaluate the productivity of planned technological and organizational processes.

СУЧАСНА УКРАЇНСЬКА ФІЛОСОФСЬКА СИНОЛОГІЯ В НАЦІОНАЛЬНІЙ АКАДЕМІЇ НАУК УКРАЇНИ: КЛАСИЧНІ ТА ІННОВАЦІЙНІ ШЛЯХИ ДО ВИТОКІВ

B a c k g r o u n d . According to the genre characteristics, the article is a form of publicizing analytical conclusions from the experience of research in the field of the philosophical Chinese studies at the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine from 1991 to the present day. The material for understanding was supplied from the environment of scientific professional activity of prominent figures of Ukrainian philosophical Sinology from the H. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of the NAS of Ukraine and the A. Krymskyi Institute of Oriental Studies of the NAS of Ukraine. The scientific achievements of academic Sinologists, who are leading researchers of Chinese philosophical education, science and culture from the archaic to modern times, are highlighted. They are, namely: V. Kiktenko, V. Pyrohiv, V. Hamianin, S. Kapranov, Y. Hobova and A. Usyk. M e t h o d s . The article uses an analytical approach based on the study of historical and philosophical sources. The methodological basis of the research is the main methods of historical and philosophical science: problem-categorical analysis, socio-cultural analysis and biographical analysis. At the same time, the methods of situational and contextual analysis of scientific texts are applied. R e s u l t s . Four conditional thematic vectors of the progress of academic philosophical Sinology in modern Ukraine are classified, namely the study of: 1. the history of ancient Chinese philosophy, especially Confucianism; 2. the history of Chinese philosophy in the 19th – early 21st centuries; 3) the history of Ukrainian Sinology in the 18th – early 21st centuries; 4. the history of modern foreign Sinology. The director of the A. Krymskyi Institute of Oriental Studies of the NAS of Ukraine and the head of the Ukrainian Association of Sinologists V. Kiktenko very effectively studies all these vectors, especially the last three of them. His colleagues at the institute V. Pyrohiv, V. Hamianin and Y. Hobova mainly research the first of these vectors, and primarily the history of Confucianism. Employees of the H. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of the NAS of Ukraine S. Kapranov and A. Usyk are also focused scientific attention on the history of Confucianism, in particular, the second of them studies social ethics and anthropology of Confucius. C o n c l u s i o n s . As a result it was established that modern domestic philosophical academic Sinology is a qualitatively new and innovative direction of Oriental studies in independent Ukraine. This discipline was formed as a result of the two-century progress of Ukrainian Chinese studies from the era of Hetmanshina until now. V. Kiktenko and his colleagues have made a significant and already internationally recognized contribution to the study of both the classical philosophical schools of Ancient China and their ideological heirs, in particular, the leaders of the PRC and the CCP from Deng Xiaoping to Xi Jinping during these thirty years. V. Kiktenko also laid the foundations for the study both of the history of Ukrainian Chinese studies and of modern foreign, primarily Western European and North American, Sinology.

The field of efficiency of subject interaction in the transport sphere

A formal sign of the existence of the transport services market is the existence of trade relations in this area. The development potential of the services market directly depends on the effectiveness of regulation of trade in services. Over the past decades, trade in services in general (and transport in particular) has been regulated based on bilateral relations. The purpose of the article is to investigate the features of interaction of economic entities in the field of socially significant services on the example of public passenger transport within the modern business environment and to determine the field of their effective interaction. To achieve this goal, the article examines the essence and features of the business environment as an economic category, as well as the evolution of relations between the state and economic actors in the field of socially significant public passenger transport services. The article reveals the problems of building relationships between the authorities, business structures and society in the process of providing public passenger transport services related to the category of goods of a special nature – socially significant. The research is based on an interdisciplinary approach using methods of logical-structural, situational, and comparative analysis. The obtained results and recommendations can become the basis for decision-making by economic entities in the provision of transport services.

A fuzzy Bayesian network-based approach to target ship situation analysis

The naval battlefield environment is complex, and extracting key situational factors and conducting ship situational estimation becomes a key problem in operations. To address this problem, a fuzzy Bayesian network-based ship situational analysis method is proposed to decompose and construct a fault tree model of the factors influencing the naval battlefield situational situation; then perform node conversion between fault tree and Bayesian network to establish a Bayesian network model; quantify the expert evaluation results using fuzzy sets and improve the conditional probability table. Simulation analysis is conducted, and the results show that the proposed method has a correct rate of over 75% for ship's situational pattern estimation.

Historiographical aspects of the Pashtun culture in Pakistan

The study of the historiography of the Pashtun culture of Pakistan has not only a great scientific, but also an undisputed political and practical meaning. Although the Pashtun culture is specific and peculiar, the research world hasn’t paid a sufficient amount of attention to this problem. Currently, there are indirect works on the Pashtun culture of Pakistan in the historical literature, that are related to the national identity, regional and cultural features, as well as the problems that carry religious-ideological character. The given factual historiographical material, which was assembled from the works of Western and Russian-speaking researchers, along with the materials of domestic scientists, paves the ways to concurrently identify the main trends in the socio-political and cultural development of the Pakistani Pashtuns. Taking the features of the studied material into consideration, that predominantly affect religiously-cultural nature of the Afghanistan Pashtuns compared to the Pashtuns of Pakistan, it can be stated that the majority of authors perceive the problem either one-sidedly or ideologically. Nevertheless, the specific features of the Pashtuns at various stages of their Modern and Contemporary history enable the track of the transformation of their cultural development with the Baluchis of Pakistan and mainly illustrate the role of Islam in their life. The study of the historiography of the Pashtuns culture of Pakistan has still not been the subject of a scrutinization, hence, the aim of this study is a comparative analysis of Western, Russian-speaking and domestic works that outline their characteristics. During the research process, the method of Periodization has been applied, which incorporates an appeal to various methods of historical research, videlicet: method of terminological analysis, chronological, statistical, method of biographical and situational analysis. Key words: Pakistan, Pashtuns, culture, historiography, national identity.

System Engineering of the Organizational and Technical Systems' Digital Twins Using Artificial Intelligence Methods

The article considers the problem of digital twin design of organizational and technical systems. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the fundamental scientific works and applied works of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of digitalization and digital twins. Following methods are used in the research: system analysis, statistical analysis, operational research, artificial intelligence. A comprehensive analysis of approaches and methods for digital twin design of organizational and technical systems is carried out. It is shown that for complex organizational and technical systems operating under uncertainty, there is no comprehensive, universal technology (methodological approach) for organization the process of developing digital twins in order to accelerate their engineering. The technology for organizing a digital twin design, combining design stages, methods and models, and providing its system engineering is proposed. The decision support model is developed for diagnosing the technical state of an object (technical device), based on the methods of situational analysis and fuzzy logic, which provides the synthesis of effective solutions under various situations and combinations of heterogeneous factors characterizing the object and its external environment. The practical significance of the research is the developed decision support system, which is the basis for control system in solving problems related to monitoring the current state of technical devices (instruments, equipment) and developing adequate decisions to eliminate their disfunctions.