Digital Product Passports (DPP) have emerged as pivotal tools to enable transparency and traceability across supply-chains and product lifecycles and thus enable a simultaneous transition towards a more digital, sustainable and circular economy. To this end, various DPP initiatives have emerged in recent years in different sectors, jurisdictions and application domains. While certain DPPs will become mandatory, such as the DPP mandated by the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) in the European Union, many other DPPs are currently being adopted voluntarily. While each of these DPP initiatives differs in detail, all DPPs are created with the aim of facilitating product-related information exchange with e.g., supply-chain partners, circular economy value networks, public administrations and/or with consumers. For this reason, the capability to exploit data from any DPP is key to the success of the DPP concept. Semantic interoperability is the ability to share and reuse data in a manner that is independent of a specific information system. Because of the heterogeneity of information systems world-wide, ensuring semantic interoperability both within a DPP system and between DPP systems becomes crucial. Without it, each DPP initiative risks becoming an isolated data silo, thus minimizing the benefits of the DPP concept. This paper first describes the value semantic interoperability delivers in the context of DPPs, and then discusses the possibilities for its achievement.

ABSTRACT The labeling of point features on a map is a well-studied topic. In a static setting, the goal is to find a non-overlapping label placement for (a subset of) point features. In a dynamic setting, the set of point features and their corresponding labels change, and the labeling has to adapt to such changes. To aid the user in tracking these changes, we can use morphs, here called transitions, to indicate how a labeling changes. Such transitions have not gained much attention yet, and we investigate different types of transitions for labelings of points, most notably consecutive transitions and simultaneous transitions. We give (tight) upper bounds on the number of overlaps that can occur during these transitions. When each label has a non-negative weight associated to it, and each overlap imposes a penalty proportional to the weight of the overlapping labels, we show that it is NP -complete to decide whether the penalty during a simultaneous transition has weight at most k . Finally, we consider geotagged data on a map, by labeling points with rectangular or square labels. We developed a prototype implementation to evaluate different transition styles in practice, measuring both number of overlaps and transition duration.

Oxygen vacancies play a crucial role in controlling the physical properties of complex oxides. In La0.7Sr0.3MnO3-δ, the topotactic phase transition from Perovskite (PV) to Brownmillerite (BM) can be triggered, e.g., via oxygen removal during thermal annealing. Here, a very efficient thermal vacuum annealing method is reported using aluminum as an oxygen getter material. The topotactic phase transition is characterized by X-ray Diffraction, which confirms a successful transition from PV to BM in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3-δ thin films grown via physical vapor deposition. The efficiency of this method is confirmed using La0.7Sr0.3MnO3-δ micron-sized bulk powder. The accompanying transition from the original Ferromagnetic (FM) to an Antiferromagnetic (AF) state and the simultaneous transition from a metallic to an insulating state are characterized using Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) magnetometry and Alternating Current (AC) resistivity measurements, respectively. The near-surface manganese oxidation states are probed by synchrotron X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. Moreover, X-ray Reflectivity, Atomic Force Microscopy, and Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy reveal surface segregation and cation redistribution during the oxygen getter-assisted annealing process.

Oxidative roasting aims to convert rhenium into a water-soluble form, followed by leaching into solution and subsequent sorption–desorption steps to obtain ammonium perrenate. It was found that the presence of iodine significantly affects the technological parameters of rhenium extraction during sorption and desorption stages, reducing the ion-exchange capacity for rhenium due to the simultaneous transition of iodide and perrenate species into solution. The main objective of this study was to determine the technological parameters that ensure effective separation of iodine and rhenium during oxidative roasting. Experimental data showed that the maximum transfer of rhenium (up to 95.6%) into water-soluble compounds occurs at 300–400 ℃, when iodine compounds have not yet volatilized. At temperatures above 400 ℃, iodine sublimates mainly as PbI₂, accompanied by a decrease in rhenium extraction efficiency. It was experimentally established that, under optimal roasting conditions, rhenium is concentrated in the solid phase as perrenates and iodides, ensuring almost complete dissolution during subsequent leaching. The volatilisation of iodine at elevated temperatures leads to the decomposition of rhenium iodides and the formation of insoluble metallic phases, thereby negatively affecting extraction.

Review: Enhancing thermoelectric performance by simultaneous band engineering, nanostructuring, and topological phase transition in topological crystal insulator Pb1-xSnxTe (x=0.4 and x=0.5)

The study was conducted to determine the content of biologically active compounds in Zlatoslav variety of meadowsweet yarrow during different phenological stages to improve its cultivation technologies. The study subjects were mid-aged Zlatoslav meadowsweet yarrow plants cultivated in a field crop rotation. The work was carried out from 2022 to 2024 in Moscow region. Field experiments and biometric measurements were conducted according to methods accepted in medicinal plant growing. Essential oil content was determined by hydrodistillation in air-dried raw materials. Thin-layer chromatography and spectrophotometry were used to evaluate the composition and content of polyphenolic compounds in the meadowsweet yarrow herb during the budding and flowering phases. Spectrophotometry was used to quantify phenolic compounds. The total flavonoid content was estimated after a complexation reaction with aluminum chloride. Meadowsweet yarrow can be classified as a summer-flowering species. The period from onset of vegetation to mass fruiting is 130...145 days. The yield of herb, inflorescences and seeds varied slightly with a tendency to increase over the years, reaching maximum values in the fourth year of life (11.9±1.10 t/ha, 2.5±0.21 t/ha, and 221±20.8 kg/ha, respectively). The content of essential oil in the meadowsweet yarrow inflorescences remained stable, regardless of the age of plants and conditions of the year of observation. During the mass budding phase, it comprised 0.48-0.51% of the air-dried raw material and during the mass flowering phase, 0.66-0.68%. Meadowsweet yarrow inflorescences were characterized by a high content of phenolic compounds (up to 4.52%) and flavonoids (up to 1.83%). Cultivation of meadowsweet yarrow has several undeniable advantages. In Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation, it produces significant biomass, is characterized by a simultaneous transition to budding and flowering and the essential oil content in the raw material is stable over the years. With rational land management, A. filipendulina may be in demand as a medicinal plant material for the production of polyphenols.

The study was conducted to determine the content of biologically active compounds in Zlatoslav variety of meadowsweet yarrow during different phenological stages to improve its cultivation technologies. The study subjects were mid-aged Zlatoslav meadowsweet yarrow plants cultivated in a field crop rotation. The work was carried out from 2022 to 2024 in Moscow region. Field experiments and biometric measurements were conducted according to methods accepted in medicinal plant growing. Essential oil content was determined by hydrodistillation in air-dried raw materials. Thin-layer chromatography and spectrophotometry were used to evaluate the composition and content of polyphenolic compounds in the meadowsweet yarrow herb during the budding and flowering phases. Spectrophotometry was used to quantify phenolic compounds. The total flavonoid content was estimated after a complexation reaction with aluminum chloride. Meadowsweet yarrow can be classified as a summer-flowering species. The period from onset of vegetation to mass fruiting is 130...145 days. The yield of herb, inflorescences and seeds varied slightly with a tendency to increase over the years, reaching maximum values in the fourth year of life (11.9±1.10 t/ha, 2.5±0.21 t/ha, and 221±20.8 kg/ha, respectively). The content of essential oil in the meadowsweet yarrow inflorescences remained stable, regardless of the age of plants and conditions of the year of observation. During the mass budding phase, it comprised 0.48-0.51% of the air-dried raw material and during the mass flowering phase, 0.66-0.68%. Meadowsweet yarrow inflorescences were characterized by a high content of phenolic compounds (up to 4.52%) and flavonoids (up to 1.83%). Cultivation of meadowsweet yarrow has several undeniable advantages. In Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation, it produces significant biomass, is characterized by a simultaneous transition to budding and flowering and the essential oil content in the raw material is stable over the years. With rational land management, A. filipendulina may be in demand as a medicinal plant material for the production of polyphenols.

The effect of simultaneous 3d transition bimetal doping (Ni/Mn, Co/Mn, Ni/Co) on the structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of ZnO based materials

Elucidating the mechanism of electrical carrier transport and thermoelectrics is crucial for wide applications in circuit protection, waste heat harvesting, flexible and wearable electronics, etc. This study reports an unusual dual-transition behavior in carbon nanotube (CNT)/sodium lignosulfonate (LS) composite materials, wherein a distinctive transition from a positive temperature coefficient to a negative temperature coefficient occurs simultaneously with a p-type to n-type transition during vacuum heating. The transition temperature demonstrates a strong dependence on the interfacial interaction. The evolution of electronic states and their interfacial interactions are monitored and studied by in situ Raman spectroscopy and XPS and UPS techniques. Through Ab Initio molecular dynamics simulations of the heating process combined with density functional theory calculations analyzing electron transfer pathways, we find that the intrinsic mechanism driving this simultaneous transition is the temperature-induced oxygen desorption and LS decomposition, which induce a switch in carrier transport from hole-dominated to electron-dominated behavior. These findings not only shed light on fundamental insights into the CNT electronic properties but also offer valuable guidance for the applications of thermoelectric materials.

The purpose of the study is to identify the dynamics and characterize two interrelated trends in the development of the territorial organization of local government in Russia: the consolidation of municipalities with a simultaneous transition to a single-level system of local government. The methodological basis was made up of general scientific methods and special methods of the science of municipal law: statistical, analysis and synthesis, comparative analysis, formal-logical. With their help, the dynamics of consolidation of municipalities, its features at various stages, and factors influencing the acceleration of the process under study were identified. The results of the study. The generalization of statistical data indicates an acceleration of the process of consolidation of municipalities with a simultaneous transition to a single-level system of local government, which is primarily due to the emergence of a new type of municipal formation — a municipal district, the criteria for the formation of which are not fixed in federal legislation. Data on the subjects of the Russian Federation allow us to conclude that this type of municipality is often introduced regardless of regional specifics (territorial, demographic, socio-economic). The legislation establishes a simplified way to identify the consent of the population to the abolition of settlements in connection with the formation of a municipal district, which is not always objective. Proposals have been made to improve legislation aimed at streamlining the activities of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the field of territorial organization of local self-government. The prospects of the study suggest a further search for optimal options for combining the interests of the population with the solution of public and state tasks in the transformation of municipalities.

Due to environmental-friendliness and high-efficiency, electrocaloric effect (ECE) is widely regarded as a refrigeration technology for tomorrow. Herein, utilizing organic-inorganic hybridization strategy, we achieve the largest low-field-driven ECE and highest directly-measured electrocaloric strength (ECS) via packing sphere-like organic cation (CH3)3NCH2Cl+ (TMCM+) into inorganic one-dimension (1-D) CdCl3 chain framework. Single-crystal X-ray (SC-XRD) diffraction combined with Raman Spectra reveals that the simultaneous order-disorder transition of organic cations and dramatic structure change of inorganic framework are responsible for the large ECE. Moreover, the measured P-E loops and density function theory (DFT) calculations convey that the distinctive electric-field-induced metastable phase and consequential two-step meta-electric transition could lower the transition energy barrier and account for the low driving field. This work shows that the low-symmetry interaction between inorganic framework and organic cations plays a key role in achieving large ECE under low-field, which provides a method for designing high-performance electrocaloric materials via organic-inorganic hybridization.

This analytical study was conducted on the basis of statistical data from the Russian Federation and technological requirements for WWTP operation. As a case study, a virtual WWTP, which serves a residential area of 31,500 PE (personal equivalent), was considered to solve a task of their potential upgrade. According to the initial data, within modernization, the existing infrastructure of the WWTP should be considered in order to receive wastewater with a reduced flow rate and increased values of pollutant concentrations. Within the analysis, treatment efficiency should correspond to current regulations. Special focus was put on secondary treatment facilities, as they ensure the removal of major contaminants (organic pollution) and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus). The results showed that even in the case of a lower flow rate, higher pollutant concentrations demanded a doubled volume of activated sludge reactor to provide the required efficiency. An increase in oxidizing capacity may be ensured through the growth of mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) value with simultaneous transition from gravity to membrane sludge separation. A study revealed that an MLSS raised from 3 to 8 g/L allows treatment in the existing tanks to be performed with necessary efficiency. In this case, significant costs for the purchase of membranes are offset by the need for zero additional construction. On the other hand, such a transition leads to an increase in operating costs of 60% (from EUR 0.078 to EUR 0.12/(m3/d)).

Abstract Glioma stem‐like cell (GSC) inhibition is a promising strategy for glioblastoma therapy. However, it is hampered by two main obstacles: first, delivery barriers, including the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and deep tumor‐penetrating obstacles, hinder sufficient drug accumulation in GSCs that often reside in hypoxic niches deep in glioblastoma; second, hypoxia and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) limit the therapeutic responses of GSC inhibition strategies. An intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‐1)‐expressing M1 macrophage‐derived small extracellular vesicles loaded with a complex of bovine serum albumin, MnO2, and the small‐molecule inhibitor PTC209 (IsEV‐BMP) is constructed to achieve sequential barrier‐breaking delivery and simultaneous TME modulation to boost GSC inhibition. ICAM‐1 facilitates endothelial transcytosis‐mediated BBB crossing, microglial transcytosis‐mediated deep tumor penetration, and internalization of IsEV‐BMPs in GSCs. Hypoxia alleviation inhibits the binding of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α) to hypoxia‐responsive elements on the gene promoters of cancer stem cell‐related markers and CD47 in GSCs, thereby improving PTC209 sensitivity and immune phagocytosis of GSCs. IsEV‐BMP achieves simultaneous microglial polarity transition and immuno‐microenvironmental modulation during microglial transcytosis‐mediated deep tumor penetration. This study provides a strategy to overcome the sequential delivery barrier for effective glioblastoma treatment.

Strategies for sustainable development of offshore wind power in regions with limited resources

Resonance electron capture by perylene molecules. Relation with negative differential conductance

This article in the journal “Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation (GIO)” addresses the twin transition—the simultaneous transition to a more sustainable and digitalized society—in organizations and asks how using digital technologies can promote employee green behavior (EGB). Since EGB in an intra-organizational context is often based on psychological ownership (PO) and perceived organizational support for the environment (POSE), we argue that using digital technologies can promote EGB indirectly via fostering PO and POSE. In this respect, we identify the essential features that digital technologies must possess to advance the two mediating constructs introduced and argue that the relation between digital technologies, PO, and POSE is moderated by technology acceptance. As a result, we provide a theory-based framework on the link between EGB and digital technologies, identify key characteristics digital technologies should possess to (indirectly) promote EGB, and derive practical recommendations for organizations and decision-makers to improve organizational sustainability and promote the twin transition in practice.

The continuous development of quantum computing requires the development of cryptographic algorithms resistant to quantum cryptanalysis. Therefore, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is holding a competition to standardize algorithms in the post-quantum period, including Crystals-Dilithium, Falcon, and Sphincs+ for digital signatures. In order to determine the ways of development and ways to improve the existing methods of cryptographic protection and electronic digital signature (EDS), an urgent task arose to assess the effectiveness (stability and computational complexity) of existing EDS algorithms. In this paper, a comparative evaluation of EDS algorithms was carried out by key indicators. Research results show the disadvantages and advantages of each algorithm, taking into account the importance of context-specific use. The conclusions indicate that Dilithium has the lowest load on the system's computing resources, Falcon stands out for its signature verification speed, and Sphincs+ provides reliable security. The capabilities of existing cryptographic transformation algorithms based on elliptic curves do not meet the growing need of authentication algorithms resistance to quantum cryptanalysis, and the use of modern candidates for the post-quantum cryptography standard does not allow for a short-term transition to the usage of new cryptographic algorithms in information systems. The paper also points out the impossibility of simultaneous transition to potentially quantum cryptanalysis-resistant algorithms in existing information systems. The direction of further research is the development of new cryptoalgorithms and methods that will ensure the integrity and confidentiality of information during its transmission over unprotected channels in the transition period to the widespread use and implementation of post-quantum cryptography standards.

Engineering of a new type of plant base editor for simultaneous adenine transition and transversion within the editing window will greatly expand the scope and potential of base editing in directed evolution and crop improvement. Here, we isolated a rice endogenous hypoxanthine excision protein, N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase (OsMPG), and engineered two plant A-to-K (K = G or T) base editors, rAKBE01 and rAKBE02, for simultaneous adenine transition and transversion base editing in rice by fusing OsMPG or its mutant mOsMPG to a plant adenine transition base editor, ABE8e. We further coupled either OsMPG or mOsMPG with a transactivation factor VP64 to generate rAKBE03 and rAKBE04, respectively. Testing these four rAKBEs, at five endogenous loci in rice protoplasts, indicated that rAKBE03 and rAKBE04 enabled higher levels of A-to-G base transitions when compared to ABE8e and ABE8e-VP64. Furthermore, whereas rAKBE01 only enabled A-to-C/T editing at one endogenous locus, in comparison with rAKBE02 and rAKBE03, rAKBE04 could significantly improve the A-to-C/T base transversion efficiencies by up to 6.57- and 1.75-fold in the rice protoplasts, respectively. Moreover, although no stable lines with A-to-C transversion were induced by rAKBE01 and rAKBE04, rAKBE04 could enable simultaneous A-to-G and A-to-T transition and transversion base editing, at all the five target loci, with the efficiencies of A-to-G transition and A-to-T transversion editing ranging from 70.97 to 92.31% and 1.67 to 4.84% in rice stable lines, respectively. Together, these rAKBEs enable different portfolios of editing products and, thus, now expands the potential of base editing in diverse application scenario for crop improvement.

ABSTRACT In Colombia, the FARC and the Colombian government have adopted a new term, ‘reincorporation,’ to refer to the FARC’s simultaneous and collective transition into society, in contrast to past programmes in which ex-combatants individually transitioned back into civilian society (generally known as ‘reintegration’). This collectivist approach is unprecedented in postconflict societies. In this Note from the Field, I seek to offer observations about this collective process of reintegration based on ethnographic fieldwork and suggest how ethnography can reveal new imaginaries for DDR scenarios.

With the 1973 Chilean coup there was a total change in the economic order, from Allende’s socialist experiment (original in its “balancing” of center and periphery) to the full adoption of neoliberalism, which was accompanied by a simultaneous transition in the IT field. In fact, Allende’s experience was so closely linked to the development of the first, futuristic cybernetical project for the governance of the technological-information infrastructure (Cybersyn), which was promptly scrapped after the coup. A similar outcome to this sudden defeat of cybernetics, had actually occurred during the Prague Spring. Later, as neoliberalism spread, cybernetics faded in favor of a rival approach to information science, so-called Artificial Intelligence. This article will attempt to answer the following questions. (1) Were there fundamental cultural divergences between cybernetics and artificial intelligence such that they really resonated with two alternative policy perspectives? (2) Can one, moreover, delineate a kind of symbolic universe that would extend from the (then prospective) artificial intelligence to the paradigms later established in many disciplines?