Simulation Of Vehicle Performance Research Articles

Design and Simulation of the Power Transmission System of extended range electric Vehicle based on MATLAB/Simulink

With the rapid growth of automobile ownership, energy shortage and exhaust pollution have become the two major problems restricting the development of automobiles. Electric vehicles with zero fuel consumption and pollution-free advantages are the future direction of development. But battery technology is not mature at this stage, and the driving distance of electric vehicles is short. Extended range electric vehicle is a hybrid electric vehicle equipped with a range extender based on a pure electric vehicle. When the power is sufficient, the whole vehicle runs with pure electric power. When the power is insufficient, the range extender works to drive the vehicle. As a kind of electric vehicle that can extend driving range, the extended-range electric vehicle has great research significance at present. In this paper, based on MATLAB/Simulink platform, the simulation model of the vehicle power transmission system is built by using the experimental modeling method. According to the model, the dynamic performance simulation of the extended-range electric vehicle is carried out, and the rationality of parameter matching of the vehicle components is verified.

Powertrain modeling and performance simulation of a novel flywheel hybrid electric vehicle

To improve vehicle performance and energy utilization, a novel planetary gear set based flywheel hybrid electric powertrain (PGS-FHEP) is proposed. The PGS-FHEP involves an internal combustion engine, a planetary gear set that integrated a control motor and an energy storage flywheel, which combines the high efficiency of the mechanical flywheel energy storage system with the flexible and controllable characteristics of the electric motor. The powertrain is analyzed and modeled using lever analogy method, and a rule-based control strategy is designed and verified under different test cycles. The simulation results indicate that compared with the traditional manual transmission vehicle, the fuel economy of the vehicle equipped with PGS-FHEP can be improved by more than 50%, and the acceleration performance can be increased by 28.01%. Up to 60.61% of vehicle kinetic energy can be recovered by PGS-FHEP, among which 37.85% can be directly captured by the energy storage flywheel. In addition, the battery charging power is reduced, which is beneficial to prolong the battery life.

Composite Control Arm Design: A Comprehensive Workflow

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper presents a complete overview of the computational design of an advanced suspension control arm constructed of composite material for light weighting purposes. The proposed methodology presented in detail is split into 3 phases. Phase 1 or Vehicle Performance Simulation, in which basic modelling and a sensibility study is performed to better understand the advantages of unsprung mass reduction (compared to sprung mass reduction) with respect to the vehicle’s vertical dynamics. It followed by the development and utilization of a multibody approach to evaluate the full-vehicle response to different dynamic maneuvers, such as harsh road imperfections, sine sweep steering, and double lane change tests. The impact of the improved suspension control arm is highlighted in detail, and the loads to which it is subjected are computed to serve as inputs for the successive phases. Phase 2 or Design and Calculation Phase, where a closer look is given to the structural side of the component, understanding the specific behavior of composite materials and performing modelling of the control arm, followed by fine tuning with Finite Element Method optimization techniques. This phase consists of a topology optimization, followed by composite topography free size, size, and shuffle optimizations to arrive upon the ideal part-layup, and guarantee the desired mechanical characteristics of the component. Lastly, Phase 3 or the Production Preparation closes the design process by generating the production processes, steps, constraints, and tooling for the correct realization of the innovative control arm in a real-world application. The tools presented in this paper were created to allow the design to be completed rapidly, thus defining a blueprint for a full workflow, from engineering request to product delivery, which can be applied to different vehicles and customer requests, representing an essential step forward to the consolidation of the use of composite materials for structural suspension components.</div></div>

Research on an equal power allocation electronic differential system for electric vehicle with dual-wheeled-motor front drive based on a wavelet controller

We propose an electronic differential system (EDS) based on a wavelet controller for electric vehicle with dual-wheeled-motor front drive. According to an analysis of current electronic differential strategies and vehicle driving dynamics, a new electronic differential strategy model of equal power allocation is proposed, and based on an analysis of the mathematical model of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor, a new current controller based on the discrete wavelet transform is proposed using vector control. Based on A&D5435 hardware-in-the-loop simulation system and Carsim/Simulink, the test and simulation platform of the electric vehicle with dual-wheeled-motor front drive are established, and a vehicle performance simulation and test are performed under various driving conditions. The test and simulation results show that the equal power allocation EDS based on a wavelet controller for a front-wheel independent-drive electric vehicle proposed in this article shows excellent differential effects, stability, robustness, and vehicle handling stability.

Optimizing Design of Powertrain Transmission Ratio of Heavy Duty Truck

This paper optimized the powertrain transmission ratio of a heavy duty truck for saving energy. With 142659 sets of actual road operation data of vehicle including speed, fuel consumption, etc., a typical vehicle driving cycle HTDC-1800 was constructed, and it was applied into a truck performance simulation model to study the effect of transmission gear ratio on the fuel consumption. With the powertrain gear ratios as design parameters, fuel consumption as optimization objective, Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm was used to optimize powertrain gear ratios. The optimal scheme of powertrain transmission ratios was obtained by joint simulation with coupling the vehicle performance simulation model and the optimization model, and the vehicle’s fuel consumption decreased by 8.19% without apparent decline of dynamic performance.

Dynamic modeling of a wave glider

We propose a method to establish a dynamic model for a wave glider, a wave-propelled sea surface vehicle that can make use of wave energy to obtain thrust. The vehicle, composed of a surface float and a submerged glider in sea water, is regarded as a two-particle system. Kane’s equations are used to establish the dynamic model. To verify the model, the design of a testing prototype is proposed and pool trials are conducted. The speeds of the vehicle under different sea conditions can be computed using the model, which is verified by pool trials. The optimal structure parameters useful for vehicle designs can also be obtained from the model. We illustrate how to build an analytical dynamics model for the wave glider, which is a crucial basis for the vehicle’s motion control. The dynamics model also provides foundations for an off-line simulation of vehicle performance and the optimization of its mechanical designs.

Powertrain analysis and dynamic performance simulation of ultra-high-speed electric vehicle

The purpose of designing the ultra-high-speed electric vehicle is to break through the top speed all over the world. To make the vehicle achieve 400 mph running speed, the design of vehicle dynamics model, drivetrain model and brake system model will directly affect the dynamic performance of the vehicle. It can simplify the experiment process, shorten the research cycle and position the insufficient performance by using the vehicle performance simulation platform. The test bench is an effective way to guarantee the stability of power system after loading operation and enhance the efficiency of power system. The combination of simulation platform and test bench can realise the simulation of high-speed running performance of vehicle. The simulation process can show us the process of starting, accelerating and braking. It will provide theoretical reference for road test.

Active yaw control for handling performance improvement by using traction force

This paper presents the vehicle handling performance improvement by means of transfer case and torque vectoring system. The focus is on the agility and stability during handling situation. Transfer case can control the torque distribution ratio between the front and rear axles. The left and right torque vectoring system of the rear axle is a device that can control both the torque flow amount and its direction between the right and left wheels. The controller for lateral dynamics was applied by using a sliding mode control method and a commercial dynamic analysis tool was used for the vehicle performance simulation.

Study on Performance Simulation of Vehicle with EM-CVT

In view of the working principle and characteristics of the CVT with electronic control and a motor as actuator (EM-CVT), a economical car performance is studied by means of combination of simulation calculation and prototyping test. EM-CVT mathematic model is established and embedded into the simulation software Cruise to finish the whole vehicle modeling. The performance comparison between vehicle with EM-CVT and automatic transmission is presented after simulation based on the experiment data on the EM-CVT prototype under UDC, which indicates that the vehicle fuel consumption with EM-CVT is reduced distinctly with the same power performance.

Development of an electric oil pump control algorithm for an automatic-transmission-based hybrid electric vehicle considering the gear shift characteristics

In this paper, an electric oil pump control algorithm for an automatic-transmission-based hybrid electric vehicle was proposed. Dynamic models of the hybrid electric vehicle powertrain and hydraulic control system, including a mechanical oil pump and an electric oil pump, were obtained, and a hybrid electric vehicle performance simulator was developed. Also, a flow consumption model of the hydraulic control system was constructed. To represent the characteristics of the hydraulic control system according to the change in the temperature of the automatic transmission fluid, a viscosity index concept was introduced. Based on the simulation and test results, a viscosity index–line pressure–electric oil pump power map was proposed to describe the power supply requirement according to the viscosity index and the required line pressure. Using the viscosity index–line pressure–electric oil pump power map, an electric oil pump control algorithm was suggested to control the electric oil pump by using multi-stage power for a given viscosity index. The mechanical oil pump speed at which the electric oil pump is turned off was obtained on the basis of the flow consumption model. The electric oil pump control algorithm was evaluated by experiments and simulations. The proposed electric oil pump control algorithm satisfied the target line pressure requirement according to the viscosity index. In addition, an electric oil pump control strategy during an automatic transmission gear shift was suggested for the situation in which the maximum line pressure required for the gear shift cannot be achieved by only the mechanical oil pump. The electric-oil-pump-assisted power was determined from the flow consumption model and the mechanical oil pump speed considering the gear shift. The simulation results confirmed that the electric oil pump control strategy satisfied the maximum line pressure during a gear shift.

Study on Hybrid Vehicle Regenerative Braking Control Parameters Affecting to Vehicle Performance Analysis and Simulation

In the hybrid vehicle applied basic research and engineering development, regenerative braking is to reduce energy consumption, reduce emissions and increase the driving range of the important means. According to the different hybrid vehicle driving conditions, how to use regenerative braking control parameters, thereby enhancing the braking energy recovery, is a hybrid car regenerative braking system of the heart. In this paper, the regenerative braking control parameters of the hybrid electric vehicle, by a reasonable choice of regenerative braking of the hybrid vehicle control parameters can increase the regenerative braking energy recovery, for reducing fuel consumption and maintain SOC are benefits. Computer Numerical simulation and simulation results show that the regenerative brake control parameters for hybrid vehicle fuel consumption and greater impact on the SOC, and the regenerative braking may affect the minimum speed limit of the regenerative braking effect, the lower the minimum speed limit the greater the braking energy recovery, thesis research is regenerative braking hybrid vehicle control parameters selected to provide a reference.

A Study on In-wheel Motor Control to Improve Vehicle Stability Using Human-in-the-Loop Simulation

In this study, an integrated motor control algorithm for an in-wheel electric vehicle is suggested. It consists of slip control that controls the in-wheel motor torque using the road friction coefficient and slip ratio; yaw rate control that controls the in-wheel motor torque according to the road friction coefficient and the yaw rate error; and velocity control that controls the vehicle velocity by a weight factor based on the road friction coefficient and the yaw rate error. A co-simulator was developed, which combined the vehicle performance simulator based on MATLAB/Simulink and the vehicle model of CarSim. Based on the co-simulator, a human-in-the-loop simulation environment was constructed, in which a driver can directly control the steering wheel, the accelerator pedal, and the brake pedal in real time. The performance of the integrated motor control algorithm for the in-wheel electric vehicle was evaluated through human-in-the-loop simulations.

Component Design of x-EVs using Virtual Integrated Development Environment

In this study, component design of x-EVs was performed using virtual integrated development environment (VIDE). First, component library was developed for various components such as the engine, motor, battery and transmission. Vehicle performance simulator of x-EVs was developed using MATALB SimDriveline, which consists of the powertrain system and control system. Experiment and commercial software were used for the validation. A virtual environment was developed using the 3D rendering tool to simulate the road, buildings, traffic, signal system and weather. Using the VIDE, EV range and acceleration performance for various x-EVs were evaluated to design the battery and motor specifications. In addition, an electric heater was selected as an example and its performance at the vehicle level was investigated using the VIDE. It is expected that the VIDE can be used in component design for x-EVs.

The Energy Management Control Strategy of Hybrid Electrical Vehicle Based on Efficiency Optimal

In order to save fuel and reduce emission of Hybrid Electrical Vehicle (HEV), a vehicle control strategy is proposed based on the system efficiency optimal. A vehicle performance simulation model has been built on Matlab/Simulink environment. The results show that, by using this vehicle control strategy, the dynamic performance and fuel economy of the vehicle are significantly improved compared with the traditional one. Finally, The vehicle control strategy has been verified by the bench test.

Vehicle Performance Simulation of Electric Bus with Composite Power Supply Based on Secondary Development of Advisor

In order to improve the performance of the electric buses，composite power system is designed，which is analyzed and verified by the simulation using the software of Advisor. Advisor is secondary developed by updating assembly simulation models and vehicle models. The basic structure of composite energy storage system and the control strategy based on fuzzy theory are designed, and the simulation of vehicle performance is done under the road cycle of UDDS, and then compares with the bus with only batteries. The result shows that ultra-capacitor has a prominent "clipped peak and filled channel" protection for the battery, recovers energy commendably, and extends the battery’s life. The electric bus with composite power supply can meet the requirement of vehicle performance, and its indexes of all aspects are better than the electric bus with only batteries.

Development of a control strategy based on the transmission efficiency with mechanical loss for a dual mode power split-type hybrid electric vehicle

In this study, a control strategy for a dual mode power split-type hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is developed based on the powertrain efficiency. To evaluate the transmission characteristics of the dual mode power split transmission (PST), a mechanical loss model of the transmission (TM loss) is constructed. The transmission efficiency, including the TM loss, is evaluated for the dual mode PST. Two control strategies for the dual mode PST are proposed. An optimal operation line (OOL) control strategy is developed to maintain a high engine thermal efficiency by controlling the engine operation point on the OOL. A speed ratio (SR) control strategy is proposed to obtain a greater transmission efficiency by shifting the engine operation point when the dual mode PST operates near the mechanical points. Using the TM loss and the proposed control strategies, a vehicle performance simulation is conducted to evaluate the performance of the two control strategies for dual mode PST. The simulation results demonstrate that, for the SR control strategy, the engine efficiency decreases because the engine operates beyond the OOL. However, the transmission efficiency of the dual mode PST increases because the PST operates near the mechanical point where the PST shows the greatest transmission efficiency. Consequently, the fuel economy of the SR control strategy is improved by 3.8% compared with the OOL control strategy.

Operational Requirements for Long-Span Bridges under Strong Wind Events

In the absence of intensive wind tunnel tests, this study provides an effective and accurate approach to estimate the operational driving speed limit on bridges subjected to different road conditions and wind intensities, through a convenient continuous simulation technique (CSP). A fast and vigorous simulation tool, vehicle performance simulation, is developed to effectively model the performance of vehicles traveling on bridges by considering the interactions between wind, vehicles, and the bridge. The CSP, on the other hand, dramatically reduces the data generation time and makes a reliability analysis of vehicles possible. The application of the proposed method on the Confederation Bridge in Canada is presented as a numerical example. The simulation result overrides the general impression that only high-sided vehicles are sensitive to wind attacks, and this work demonstrates that light-weighted vehicles are also likely to suffer from instability problems on bridges under relatively low wind velocity. In addition, different types of vehicle can undergo different instability mechanisms under the same wind condition and these vehicle instability mechanisms vary with wind velocity.

Operation Mode Analysis and Parameters Design of a Novel Power Split Hybrid Transmission System

A new type of power split hybrid transmission system based on metal belt-type continuously variable transmission(CVT) and planetary gear is provided.Different operation modes of the new type of hybrid transmission system are analyzed.The parameters related to power source and powertrain are designed.The vehicle performance simulation model is built under the Matlab/Simulink environment,the acceleration performance under motor driving and engine-motor combined driving as well as fuel economy under UDDS and 10～15 cycle are simulated.The simulation results show that the acceleration time is only 9.65 s from 0 to 100 km/h,and fuel consumption is 4.32 and 3.74 L under UDDS and 10～15 cyclic condition respectively.

On-Board Reforming Effects on the Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell Vehicles

This paper incorporates a methanol reformer model with a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell system model for automotive applications. The reformer model and fuel cell system model have been integrated into a vehicle performance simulator that determines fuel economy and other performance features. Fuel cell vehicle fuel economy using on-board methanol reforming is compared with fuel economy using direct-hydrogen fueling. The overall performance using reforming is significantly less than in a direct-hydrogen fuel cell vehicle.

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell System Model for Automotive Vehicle Simulation and Control

Abstract This paper describes a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell system model for automotive applications that includes an air compressor, cooling system, and other auxiliaries. The fuel cell system model has been integrated into a vehicle performance simulator that determines fuel economy and allows consideration of control strategies. Significant fuel cell system efficiency improvements may be possible through control of the air compressor and other auxiliaries. Fuel cell system efficiency results are presented for two limiting air compressor cases: ideal control and no control. Extension of the present analysis to hybrid configurations consisting of a fuel cell system and battery is currently under study.