Objective: The main objective was to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms of cardiovascular illnesses and to identify the key components and potential treatment targets using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: This study utilizes a two-sample MR approach to examine the causal association between 91 circulating inflammatory proteins and four primary categories of cardiovascular disease. Results: Ultimately This study identifies 28 significant causal links with key findings revealing the correlation between Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 and both coronary artery disease and heart failure.Additionally, the study highlights the diverse functions of various interleukins in different cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions: Our analysis extends existing knowledge by uncovering potential therapeutic targets for peripheral artery disease, heart failure, and stroke, previously under-researched in the context of these inflammatory proteins. This research highlights the importance of inflammatory biomarkers in predicting cardiovascular events and opens new avenues for therapeutic intervention.