Significant Effect Research Articles

Empowering impact: the influence of charismatic leadership via corporate social responsibility on employee quality of life in hotels

PurposeHotel management and academia are increasingly interested in corporate social responsibility (CSR) and charismatic leadership. In this context, the present study examines how charismatic leaders affect employee quality of life through CSR practices in hotels.Design/methodology/approachThe survey encompassed employees working at either three-star or five-star hotels in Oman. The model was tested using data gathered from 396 hotel employees.FindingsResults showed that charismatic leadership positively affects CSR-induced intrinsic and extrinsic attributions. CSR positively affected task significance and intrinsic quality and negatively affected turnover intention. Quality of life predictors had a considerable impact, with intrinsic quality and turnover intention standing out. There was no significant effect of task significance on quality of life. The relationship between charismatic leadership and CSR was stronger for employees in five-star hotels and weaker for employees in three-star hotels. The CSR role mediates the relationship between charismatic leadership and quality of life.Practical implicationsThe results indicate that charismatic leaders exert a substantial impact on employees’ attributions of CSR. Upper-level management must emphasize fostering the cultivation of charismatic leadership attributes among non-charismatic leaders as a means to enhance employees’ perceptions of CSR.Originality/valueFew studies have focused on analyzing employees’ perceptions of CSR activities on a micro level. Investigating CSR phenomena in the context of internal stakeholders, especially employees, is very rare.

Jeduxiaoliu Formula can Induce Apoptosis of Lymphoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo.

Lymphoma is the most common malignancy of the haematological system. Jeduxiaoliu formula (JDXLF) exerts good therapeutic effects against lymphoma, however, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of JDXLF. RNA-Seq was performed to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of JDXLF against lymphoma. CCK-8 assay was performed to examine the effects of JDXLF on the proliferation of lymphoma cells. Electron microscopy was performed to examine the morphology of lymphoma cells. Flow cytometry was performed to examine the apoptosis and cell cycle of lymphoma cells. qPCR and Western blotting were performed to detect the expression of apoptotic genes and proteins. In vivo, the tumour-suppressive effect of JDXLF on lymphoma transplanted tumours was examined by establishing a subcutaneous transplantation tumour model in nude mice, and the expression of apoptotic proteins in tumour tissues was analysed via immunohistochemical staining. RNA-Seq revealed 71, 350 and 620 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the 1mg/mL, 4mg/mL and 8mg/mL JDXLF treatment groups, respectively. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the DEGs were significantly associated with apoptosis, TNF signalling and NF-κB signalling. In vitro experiments revealed that JDXLF inhibited the proliferation of lymphoma (Raji and Jeko-1) cells in a dose-dependent manner, induced apoptosis and upregulated the expression of Bax/Bcl-2 and caspase3. In vivo experiments revealed that JDXLF had a significant tumourshrinking effect on mice and increased the expression of the apoptosis-related proteins caspase3 and Bax/Bcl-2. This study indicates that JDXLF can induce apoptosis in lymphoma cells in vitro and in vivo. We suggest this may provide a direction for further research into lymphoma therapy.

Mechanism of Tonifying Spleen-lung Recipe in the Treatment of Chronic Bronchitis Based on Network Pharmacology and Observational Data.

Chronic bronchitis is a type of common chronic inflammatory respiratory disease, which is mainly characterized by chronic cough and expectoration. Clinical practice and experimental research have shown that the modified tonifying spleen-lung method has significant preventive and therapeutic effects on chronic lung diseases, but the mechanism of TSLR in the treatment of chronic bronchitis are not yet clear. To explore the mechanism of tonifying spleen-lung recipe (TSLR) in the treatment of chronic bronchitis (CB) through network pharmacology combined with observational studies. The effective components, core targets and signaling pathways of TSLR in the treatment of chronic bronchitis were obtained using network pharmacology. One hundred and thirty-seven elderly CB patients were selected as the observational group who were treated by TSLR, and 67 no-CB cases from the Physical Examination Center were selected as the control group. We compared the levels of inflammatory parameters between patients before and after TSLR treatment, and after treatment group with the control group were also compared. The key effective components of TSLR selected by network pharmacology included quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, and nobiletin, and the core targets involved HSP90AA1, AKT1, JUN, MAPK1, IL6, MAPK3, MAPK14, STAT1, NFKB1, and CDKN1. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the TNF signaling pathway, PI3K-AKT and AGE-RAGE signaling pathways might play a key role in the treatment of CB. The observation study demonstrated that compared with the control group, the levels of WBC, NEU, NLR, PCT, and CRP in the research group after TSLR treatment were increased. Although the levels of WBC, NEU, NLR, and PCT in the research group after TSLR treatment were higher than those in the control group, the above indicators trend tended towards the control group, and there was no significant difference in CRP indicators between the control group and after treatment group. TSLR had a good therapeutic effect on chronic bronchitis patients, which might be related to the fact that the natural active components in TSLR inhibit inflammation by regulating the expression of proteins related to PI3K-AKT and TNF signaling pathways.

The role of electronic management application in simplifying administrative procedures in the organization: A field study of the opinions of a sample of workers in the Iraqi Ministry of Oil

The research aims to determine the relationship between the application of electronic management and the simplification of the administrative procedures of the organization in the Iraqi Ministry of Oil, based on the research problem ““How can electronic management contribute to simplifying administrative procedures and raising the efficiency of work procedures in organizations”” and thus achieve the advancement of performance and effectiveness of investment optimal for efforts in the field of technology for effective management electronically to shorten and simplify unnecessary procedures in the chain of organization’s procedures in the Iraqi Ministry of Oil.” The research dealt with two variables, the first is the independent variable of electronic management, and the dependent variable is the simplification of administrative procedures, and a random sample of (60) individuals was taken from workers in departments and people in some departments of the ministry, and the questionnaire was adopted as a main tool for data collection. Hypotheses and interpretation of the results that the research will reach There is a significant effect of statistical significance between electronic management and the simplification of administrative procedures. Through the research, a set of conclusions and recommendations will be reached, which benefit researchers and the researched organization.

Measurement and optimisation of the perceptual equivalence of the Dutch consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) word lists using synthetic speech and list pairs

Objectives (1) to determine whether the standard Dutch word lists for speech audiometry are equally intelligible in normal-hearing listeners (Experiment 1), (2) to investigate whether synthetic speech can be used to create word lists (Experiment 1) and (3) to determine whether the list effect found in Experiment 1 can be reduced by combining two lists into pairs (Experiment 2). Design Participants performed speech tests in quiet with the original (natural) and synthetic word lists (Experiment 1.). In Experiment 2, new participants performed speech tests with list pairs from the original lists constructed from the results of Experiment 1. Study samples Twenty-four and twenty-eight normal-hearing adults. Results There was a significant list effect in the natural speech lists; not in the synthetic speech lists. Variability in intelligibility was significantly higher in the former, with list differences up to 20% at fixed presentation levels. The 95% confidence interval of a list with a score of approximately 70% is around 10%-points wider than of a list pair. Conclusions The original Dutch word lists show large variations in intelligibility. List effects can be reduced by combining two lists per condition. Synthetic speech is a promising alternative to natural speech in speech audiometry in quiet.

Accuracy of tooth color determination by dental students using daylight-calibrated dental operatory lighting sources

Accuracy of tooth color determination by dental students using daylight-calibrated dental operatory lighting sources

The Value of Microbiome-targeted Therapy on Lipid Indices of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Umbrella Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered a global health challenge with increasing prevalence in recent years. One of the key elements in managing T2DM patients is controlling their lipid profile. Recent studies suggest microbiome-targeted therapy (MTT) as a treatment strategy for enhancing lipid profiles in these patients. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of MTT on lipid indices of T2DM patients by performing an umbrella approach. Three international databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from inception up to April 2023 to find meta-analyses evaluating the impact of MTT (prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics) on the lipid profile of T2DM patients. Two independent researchers extracted data from the relevant meta-analyses. To find the source of heterogeneity various subgroup analyses were performed. Comprehensive Meta-Analyses (CMA) software version 3 was utilized for the final analysis. Based on the results of the current study, MTT had on significant effects total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (ES: - 0.092; 95%CI: -0.111, -0.074; P< 0.001, ES: -0.109; 95%CI: -0.137, -0.081; P< 0.001, ES: -0.036; 95%CI: -0.068, -0.005; P= 0.024, ES: 0.109; 95%CI: 0.056, 0.162; P<0.000, respectively). In subgroup analysis, probiotics showed the most substantial effect on all lipid biomarkers. This research has provided promising insights into the potential impact of MTT on lipid levels in patients diagnosed with T2DM. Notably, MTT had the greatest impact on HDL levels, followed by TG, TC, and LDL. As a result of our study, MTT is recommended as an adjunctive therapeutic option for T2DM treatment due to its capability to regulate lipid profiles.

The protective roles of coping self-efficacy and social support for posttraumatic stress during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study examined the roles of social support and coping self-efficacy (CSE) in attenuating posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic among a nonclinical university student sample. Participants (n = 610; 59% female) completed questionaries assessing psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale) at baseline and 6-month follow-up, and social support (Interpersonal Support Evaluation List-12), CSE Scale, and PTS symptoms (Impact of Event Scale-Revised) at 6 months. A path analysis was conducted using SPSS Amos to examine the direct and indirect pathways from psychological distress to PTS symptoms that are accounted for by social support and CSE, controlling for gender. All direct effects in the path analysis were significant except for the relationship between social support and PTS symptoms. Notably, CSE was directly related to PTS symptoms (CSE: β = -.30, p < .001). There was a significant indirect effect of early psychological distress on PTS symptoms 6 months into the pandemic through social support and CSE (β = .14, p < .001). Individuals with higher levels of social support are more likely to have greater confidence in their coping capabilities, which helps to explain PTS symptom severity after controlling for initial levels of psychological distress and gender. These findings suggest that following a potentially traumatic event, CSE may be one factor to screen for to better identify individuals who are at higher risk for significant psychological difficulties and may benefit from interventions that bolster protective factors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Revisiting the impact of ESG on financial performance: Empirical evidence from the Italian Stock Exchange

Purpose: This paper re-examines the overall and pillar-level impact of the envi-ronmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance on the financial perfor-mance of companies listed in the Italian Stock Exchange market. By using the seminal paper by Velte (2017) – which focused on the German context – as the base comparison, we also test the moderating role of a firm's characteristics on that association. Design/methodology/approach: We analyze data on companies listed in the Ital-ian Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2022, sourced from the Refinitiv Eikon plat-form, for a total of 650 firm-year observations. Correlation and regression anal-yses are conducted to evaluate the link between ESG and a series of financial per-formance indicators including the return on assets (ROA) and Tobin's Q ratios. Findings: While neutral results are found for ROA, this study reveals that ESG per-formance has a positive impact on Tobin's Q, in contrast to what was found by Velte (2017). However, we confirm that the governance pillar exerts the most sig-nificant effect on Tobin's Q. Furthermore, the analysis of the firms' characteristics as moderating factors reveals that the risk and financial leverage of a company negatively influence the relationship between ESG performance and financial per-formance. Originality/value: This study contributes to the empirical literature on the associ-ation between ESG performance and financial performance by re-examining the study by Velte (2017) for a different period and different context. Moreover, we test for the moderating effect of the firms' characteristics on the relationship be-tween ESG and financial performance.

Highly Efficient and One-pot New Betti Bases: PEG-400 and Al2O3 Mediated Synthesis, Optimizations, and Cytotoxic Studies

Background: Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have proven as one of the best alternatives to minimize several environmental consequences, mainly the use of hazardous chemicals, byproducts, and severe production processes. Literature reveals that MCRs with PEG-400 and metal oxide-based greener media provide a new and useful strategy for the construction of biologically potent organic systems. Objective: The present study aimed to synthesize newer Betti bases by a modified Betti reaction employing a highly efficient catalyst for the direct synthesis of a novel class of non-racemic amino benzyl naphthol ligands under green solvent media. The involvement of the articulated framework (4a-4j) was studied against nine cancer panels (NCI-60 cell lines) in terms of inhibiting/killing cancer cells. Methods: For the modification of the Betti reaction, we used 2-aminopyridin-3-ol, aromatic aldehydes, and a naphthol system using greener media employing PEG-400 and alumina as a prime active and highly selective catalyst. Furthermore, the antiproliferative activity against NCI-60 human cancer cell lines (GI50) was used for the development of pharmacologically active compounds and exhibited the single dose (10-5 M) study. Results: Based on greener media synthesis, recompenses of ease of workup, less reaction time, higher yield, and higher atom economy, as well as environmentally friendly, were reported. Betti bases were obtained at a yield of 87-98% and characterized by spectroscopic techniques. Among the synthesized scaffolds, compound 4b was found to be extra potent in melanoma cancer [MDAMB- 435], while compound 4h showed promising inhibition in leukemic cancer cell lines [HL- 60(TB) and MOLT-4]. Conclusion: A straightforward way for an efficient synthesis of Betti bases was developed via the reaction of naphthol and aldehydes with amines in PEG-400 media. An Al2O3 was effectively catalyzed in the Betti reaction in excellent yields without the formation of any other by-product in atom economy and environmentally benign way. The newly synthesized hybrids were tested in vitro against a panel of cancer cell lines, and some of the compounds exhibited significant inhibitory anti-proliferative effects. The most potent compounds (4b and 4h) showed interesting results, and compound 4b was found extra potent in melanoma cancer cell lines with -62% GI values.

Hepatoprotective Effects of Rheum turkestanicum Janisch on High-fat Diet-induced Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice

Background: Consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) is one of the main causes of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is increasing due to lifestyle changes and is still an important global health issue. Despite the efforts, there is still no common treatment for this disease. Studies have shown that the root of Rheum turkestanicum Janisch has a hypolipidemic effect and a significant antioxidant effect on liver tissue in diabetic rats. However, no experimental study has been performed on the hepatoprotective effects of this herb on HFD-induced NAFLD have been proven. background: Consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) is one of the main causes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is increasing due to lifestyle changes and is still an important global health issue. Despite the efforts, there is still no common treatment for this disease. Studies have shown that the root of Rheum turkestanicum Janisch has a hypolipidemic effect and a significant antioxidant effect on liver tissue in diabetic rats. However, no experimental study has been performed on which the hepatoprotective effects of this herb on HFD-induced NAFLD have been proven. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Rheum turkestanicum Janisch extract (RTE) on HFD-induced NAFLD in BALB/c mice. Materials and Methods: The study was performed with two models of prevention and therapeutic effect of RTE. Serum biochemical markers, histopathology, oxidative stress indicators, and qRTPCR were measured to evaluate the effects of RTE on lipid metabolism disorders in mice feeding with HFD. Results: In the prevention model, compared to the HFD group, RTE treatment decreased the levels of glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol and improved liver profile markers, oxidative stress, and expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that RTE has hepatoprotective effects against HFDinduced liver damage by reducing oxidative stress, lipogenesis, and increasing beta-oxidation of free fatty acids.

Unifying Theory and Experiments: Multi-Target Pharmacology of Dajihan Pill Against Hyperlipidemia

Background: The increasing incidence of hyperlipidemia (HLP) is attributed to the imbalance in redox homeostasis, aberrant lipid metabolism, and the excessive intake of empty calories. Dajihan Pill (DJHP) is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula composed of Zingiberis Rhizoma (ZR), Piperis Longi Fructus (PLF), Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizome (AOR), and Cinnamomi Cortex (CC) in a ratio of 3:2:3:2. It exhibits a significant preventive effect on HLP. Certainly, the active components and the precise mechanism of action are not fully understood. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the preventive and ameliorative mechanisms of DJHP against HLP by integrating network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation. Methods: Based on the pharmacological method, active ingredients in DJHP and targets were extracted from Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology (TCMSP) and UniProt. Then core compounds and targets were obtained by constructing “compounds-targets-disease” and proteinprotein interaction (PPI) network. Gene Ontology (GO) function analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were employed to elucidate further the associated action mechanism. The molecular binding mechanisms between the core ingredients and targets were elucidated through molecular docking. Additionally, the antioxidant capacities of DJHP extracts were investigated by assessing their DPPH, hydroxyl, and ABTS radical scavenging activities. Results: A total of 45 active compounds and 258 targets were identified in DJHP. Network analysis indicated that quercetin, beta-sitosterol, kaempferol, and oleic acid might serve as core bioactive compounds. Seven core targets, including AKT1, INS, and TNF, were identified as potential preventive targets. GO analysis suggested the improvement of HLP by DJHP may be related to the lipid metabolic process, high-density lipoprotein particle, triglyceride binding, and inflammatory response. The KEGG analysis indicated TNF, HIF-1, and AMPK signaling pathways were involved. The observations of active compounds binding with core targets indicated an excellent combination. Additionally, antioxidant results showed that DJHP exhibited significant DPPH, hydroxyl, and ABTS radical scavenging activities. Conclusion: Theoretical and experimental investigations indicate that DJHP can effectively modulate various signaling pathways and enhance the redox system, thus mitigating HLP. Our work provided a basis for the pharmacological study of DJHP in preventing HLP and further research.

Investigation of the Potential Mechanism of Compound Dragon's Blood Capsule against Myocardial Ischemia Based on Network Pharmacology.

Dragon's blood is widely consumed in China, Vietnam and Laos to promote blood circulation. A Compound Dragon's blood capsule (CDC) is a patented medicine composed of dragon's blood, notoginseng, and borneol. This combination is purported to stabilize coronary heart disease and myocardial ischemia. However, the possible mechanisms and the characterization of its drug targets' relevance at the systemic level remain unclear. The present study aims to reveal the potential mechanisms of CDC's anti-myocardial ischemia effect. The potential mechanisms were investigated by network pharmacology and qRT-PCR was used to verify the expression levels of key genes of PI3k-Akt pathway. S1PR2 and AGTR1 were the common targets, which involved 6 biological processes annotated by KEGG and GO analysis. The qRT-PCR results showed a remarkable increase in the expression of Pi3k, Pdk1, Akt, Mdm2, Bcl2, and mTOR. Results also showed a decline in the expression of P53 and Casp3 after CDC intervention. CDC has a significant anti-myocardial ischemia effect through the PI3k/Akt pathway, which demonstrates that CDC is a suitable adjuvant to treat CHD and provides a theoretical basis for its further clinical application.

Bioactive Constituents and the Molecular Mechanism of Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. in the Treatment of Inflammation Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

Background: Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. (MD) is a component used in traditional Chinese medicine that is widely distributed in southern China. MD has long been used clinically to treat various diseases, such as inflammation. However, the potential anti-inflammatory mechanism of MD remains to be elucidated. Objective: In this study, network pharmacology and experimental validation have been used to explore the underlying mechanism of MD in inflammation. Methods: The chemical composition of MD was determined using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-HRMS). The effects of MD on pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as NO, i-NOS, IL-1β, and TNF-α, in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were determined by ELISA and QRT-PCR. Through the analysis of multiple databases, targets for the treatment of inflammation with MD were identified. Other extensive analyses included PPI, GO, and KEGG pathway enrichment, which were completed through the use of the STRING database, Cytoscape software, and the DAVID database. Key targets and key components have been selected for molecular docking. Results: A total of 33 active components were identified in MD, and 134 common targets were obtained and used to construct the networks. Of these, 10 core components and 10 core targets of MD in the treatment of inflammation were identified. The GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that the common targets were involved in multiple signaling pathways, including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway. The molecular docking methods confirmed the high affinity between bioactive molecules of MD and their targets in inflammation. Two core targets (PIK3CA and AKT) and three core components (asiatic acid, apigenin, and kaempferol) were found to be closely related to MD in the treatment of inflammation. In vitro, MD exerted a significant effect on LPS-stimulated NO, IL- 1β, and TNF-α secretion, and iNOS, IL-1β, and TNF-α expressions in macrophages. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated the bioactive constituents and mechanisms of MD in inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory factors and the multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway treatment characteristics involved in inflammation, but this still needs further in vivo/in vitro experiments.

Analisis Pengangguran Terdidik di Indonesia

This study aims to determine and analyze Educated Unemployment in Indonesia. The data used is secondary data from 2013 to 2022 with a sample of 33 provinces in Indonesia obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and the Investment Coordinating Board (BPKM). This study uses panel data regression analysis with the best model chosen is the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The results found that: (1) Provincial Minimum Wage has a positive and significant effect on the number of educated unemployed in Indonesia, (2) Economic Growth has a negative and signific ant effect on the number of educated unemployed in Indonesia, (3) Foreign Direct Investment has a negative and insignificant effect on the number of educated unemployed in Indonesia and (4) Covid-19 Dummy Variable shows that during Covid-19 the increase in the number of educated unemployed in Indonesia is not significant compared to before Covid-19 occured. Based on the research, it is recommended for the government to protect labor by setting a minimum wage without ignoring the company's ability and the government is expected to create a labor-intensive investment climate.

Factors related to preoperative anxiety in older patients with sensory impairment: A cross-sectional study.

To identify the factors related to preoperative anxiety in older adults with sensory impairment. Descriptive quantitative research design. Study participants were 120 older adults admitted to a tertiary hospital in Seoul, South Korea to undergo eye or ear surgery. Data were collected from 11 February to 30 April 2023. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS 28.0. The study was reported following the STROBE checklist. Preoperative anxiety differed significantly according to gender (p = .002), average monthly household income (p < .001), subjective health status (p = .003), subjective vision loss (p = .004), one-sided or both-sided eye discomfort (p = .002), use of glasses (p = .010), subjective hearing loss (p = .022) and anxiety coping mechanisms (p < .001). The results of a multiple regression analysis on the significant variables identified that gender (β = .178, p = .036) and anxiety coping mechanisms (β = .336, p < .001) had the most significant effect on preoperative anxiety, with an explanatory power of 34.5%. The development and practical application of tailored nursing interventions catering to specific genders and anxiety coping mechanisms would contribute to reducing preoperative anxiety and providing efficient nursing care for older adults with sensory impairment.

Vinpocetine Exerts Neuroprotective Effects via Downregulating α-Syn in Rotenone-induced Cellular Models of Parkinson’s Disease

Objective: Vinpocetine (Vinp), a derivative of alkaloid vincristine with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in Parkinson's disease (PD). Its role and mechanisms, however, are not fully understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of Vinp on PD cells. Methods: SH-SY5Y cells were treated with Vinp and then with rotenone to induce a cellular model of PD. The proliferation level and apoptosis rate of SH-SY5Y cells after different treatments were detected by MTT and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Western blot was used to determine the relative protein expression of α-Synuclein (α-Syn) in differently treated cells. Additionally, commercial kits and ELISA were used to determine oxidative stress-related indicators (superoxide dismutase [SOD], malondialdehyde [MDA], and reactive oxygen species [ROS]) and inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α], interleukin-5 [IL-5], and interleukin-1β [IL-1β]) in SH-SY5Y cells after different treatments, respectively. Results: Vinp at different concentrations (5, 10, and 50 µM) had no significant effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells. For rotenone-induced SH-SY5Y cells, Vinp pretreatment could significantly reduce α-Syn expression, increased cell viability and decreased apoptosis, oxidative stress (downregulation of ROS and MDA levels and upregulation of SOD activity) and inflammation (increased levels of TNF-α, IL-5, and IL-1β). In contrast, overexpression of α-Syn in SHSY5Y cells with Vinp pretreatment and rotenone induction partially reversed the aforementioned protective effects of Vinp, causing a decrease in proliferation, an increase in apoptosis rate, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Conclusion: Vinp exerted neuroprotective effects by downregulating α-Syn to promote proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, and inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation in rotenone-induced SH-SY5Y cells.

Evaluation of the Mechanism of Yishan Formula in Treating Breast Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification.

Yishan formula (YSF) has a significant effect on the treatment of breast cancer, which can improve the quality of life and prolong the survival of patients with breast cancer; however, its mechanism of action is unknown. In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking methods have been used to explore the potential pharmacological effects of the YSF, and the predicted targets have been validated by in vitro experiments. Active components and targets of the YSF were obtained from the TCMSP and Swiss target prediction website. Four databases, namely GeneCards, OMIM, TTD, and DisGeNET, were used to search for disease targets. The Cytoscape v3.9.0 software was utilized to draw the network of drug-component-target and selected core targets. DAVID database was used to analyze the biological functions and pathways of key targets. Finally, molecular docking and in vitro experiments have been used to verify the hub genes. Through data collection from the database, 157 active components and 618 genes implicated in breast cancer were obtained and treated using the YSF. After screening, the main active components (kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin, dinatin, luteolin, and tamarixetin) and key genes (AKT1, TP53, TNF, IL6, EGFR, SRC, VEGFA, STAT3, MAPK3, and JUN) were obtained. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis indicated that the YSF could affect the progression of breast cancer by regulating biological processes, such as signal transduction, cell proliferation and apoptosis, protein phosphorylation, as well as PI3K-Akt, Rap1, MAPK, FOXO, HIF-1, and other related signaling pathways. Molecular docking suggested that IL6 with isorhamnetin, MAPK3 with kaempferol, and EGFR with luteolin have strong binding energy. The experiment further verified that YSF can control the development of breast cancer by inhibiting the expression of the hub genes. This study showed that resistance to breast cancer may be achieved by the synergy of multiple active components, target genes, and signal pathways, which can provide new avenues for breast cancer-targeted therapy.

T Lymphocyte Interferon-gamma Response to Anaplasmataceae-related Major Surface Proteins and Ankyrin A in Fibromyalgia.

The aetiology of fibromyalgia is unknown; its symptoms may be related to a T-lymphocyte-mediated response to infectious organisms. First, to test the hypothesis that fibromyalgia is associated with increased interferon (IFN)-γ-secreting T-lymphocytes after stimulation with Anaplasmataceae-related major surface proteins (MSPs) and the macromolecular translocation type IV secretion system effector ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein A (AnkA). Second, to ascertain the relationship in fibromyalgia between (i) the IFN-γ-secreting T-lymphocyte response to stimulation with Anaplasmataceae-related MSPs and AnkA, and (ii) co-infection by Borrelia and Yersinia spp., and antinuclear antibodies. Using a case-control design, patients fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for fibromyalgia, and controls, underwent the following blinded assessments: (i) enzyme- linked immune absorbent spot (ELISpot) IFN-γ release assay of T-lymphocyte reactivity to Anaplasmataceae-related MSPs and AnkA; (ii) ELISpot IFN-γ release assays of T-lymphocyte reactivity to three Borrelia antigens, namely Borrelia burgdorferi full antigen (B31); peptide mix (from Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii); and Borrelia burgdorferi lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1; (iii) immunoglobulin (Ig) A assay by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of antibodies to Yersinia spp.; (iv) IgG (ELISA) antibodies to Yersinia spp.; (v) serum antinuclear antibodies (immunofluorescence). The groups were age- and sex-matched. The mean (standard error) value of IFN-γ release for the fibromyalgia group was 1.52 (0.26), compared with 1.00 (0.22) for the controls. Generalised linear modelling (p<0.001) of IFN-γ release in the fibromyalgia patients showed significant main effects of all three indices of Borrelia infection and of antinuclear antibodies. Anaplasmataceae may play an aetiological role in fibromyalgia.

Perceived social support moderates the relations between mental health symptoms and current suicidal ideation.

Despite efforts to identify risk factors associated with suicidal ideation (SI), less work has been conducted to highlight protective factors to promote prevention. Perceived social support has been shown to positively impact a wide range of psychological outcomes; however, prior efforts exploring whether perceived social support moderates the relationship between mental health (MH) symptoms and current SI among men and women have been hampered by limitations. To address knowledge gaps, data from the Comparative Health Assessment Interview Research Study was used to evaluate whether (a) perceived social support moderates the relationship between mental health symptoms (posttraumatic stress, anxiety, alcohol use, depressive) and current SI among veterans and nonveterans; (b) the strength of this moderating effect varies by gender and veteran status; and (c) the strength of this moderating effect varies by social support source (significant other, friend, family). Results suggest that perceived social support is more protective against SI for those with lower levels of mental health symptoms (≤ 25th percentile) than for those with higher symptom levels (≥ 75th percentile). Findings were largely consistent across study groups, support sources, and mental health symptoms examined; however, a significant moderating effect on the alcohol use-SI relationship was only observed for veteran men. Those with a lower mental health symptom severity may receive more benefit from strategies aimed at increasing perceived social support compared to those with higher symptom severity. Research is needed to match protective factors to individual phenotypes, with the goal of engaging those living with SI in more effective interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).