Significance Of Peripheral Blood Research Articles

The prognostic significance of peripheral blood ALC/AMC in follicular lymphoma patients treated with R-CHOP-like chemotherapy

The prognostic significance of peripheral blood ALC/AMC in follicular lymphoma patients treated with R-CHOP-like chemotherapy

Alterations and clinical significance of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets in patients with septic acute kidney injury

Objective To investigate the alterations of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets in patients with sepsis and septic acute kidney injury, and explore the clinical significance. Methods Fifty-five patients with sepsis and forty-three patients with septic acute kidney injury were enrolled in this study. At the same period, thirty healthy subjects were enrolled as the control group. T lymphocyte subsets including CD3+ T, CD4+ T, CD8+ T cells, and CD4+ T/CD8+ T in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry, and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) were graded within twenty-four hours after admission. Then, correlation of the APACHE Ⅱ scores and T lymphocyte subsets was analyzed. Results In the septic acute kidney injury group, peripheral blood CD3+ T, CD4+ T cell percentages, and CD4+ T/CD8+ T ratio were significantly lower than those in the control group and the sepsis group (all P<0.05). In the septic acute kidney injury group with stage 3, CD3+ T, CD4+ T cell percentages, and CD4+ T/CD8+ T ratio in the patients were significantly lower than those in stage 1 and stage 2 (all P<0.05). In the septic acute kidney injury group, CD3+ T, CD4+ T cell percentages, and CD4+ T/CD8+ T ratio were significantly lower in dead group than those in survival group (all P<0.05). APACHE Ⅱ scores in patients with sepsis were significantly negatively correlated with peripheral blood CD4+ T cell percentages and CD4+ T/CD8+ T ratio (r=-0.645, -0.492, allP<0.05). Conclusions There are varying degrees of cellular immune imbalance in patients with sepsis and septic acute kidney injury, characterized by decline of circulating CD3+ T, CD4+ T cell percentages, and CD4+ T/CD8+ T ratio. CD4+ T cell percentages and CD4+ T/CD8+ T ratio are closely related to the severity and prognosis of septic acute kidney injury. Key words: Sepsis/CO/IM; Kidney diseases/CO/IM; T-lymphocyte subsets

Frequency analyses of human cytomegalovirus specific CD8(+) T cell in kidney transplantation

To establish a new detection method for cytomegalovirus (CMV) specific cytotoxic CD8(+)T cells and examine its proportion and significance in peripheral blood from kidney transplant recipients. A total of 30 recipients of kidney transplantation from January 2009 to December 2010 for the first time were enrolled. And 10 healthy volunteers were selected as health control group. Tetramer technology was applied. The proportions of CMV antigen specific T cells expressed in each group were detected directly by flow cytometry. The positive rate of CMV antigen specific CTL, CMV-pp65 specific CD8(+)T cell was between 0.16%-7.21% in kidney transplant recipients (n = 30) and health control group (n = 10). The proportions of CMV antigen specific CTL were 2.95% ± 0.62% in CMV+ group. And it was significantly higher than that in CMV-group (1.17% ± 0.45%) and health control group (0.65% ± 0.17%) (P = 0.003,0.006). In CMV+ group, the proportion of CMV antigen specific CTL was 2.95% ± 0.62% in CMV-pp65 positive phase and decreased significantly to 1.50% ± 0.32% after turning into negative phase. In CMV+ group (n = 15), the proportion of CMV antigen specific CTL was positively related with the number of CMV-pp65 positive cells (Pearson test, r = 0.871, P < 0.01). The proportion of specific CTL is an important guide for evaluating and judging the prognosis of CMV infection. And it may provide rationales for future targeted therapy in kidney transplant recipients.

Expression of Cadherin-6 mRNA and its clinical significance in peripheral blood of patients with renal cell carcinoma

Objective To investigate the expression of Cadherin-6 mRNA and its clinical significance in peripheral blood of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC).Methods The expression of Cadherin-6 mRNA in 30 cases of RCC and 15 normal controls was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results The positive rate of Cadherin-6 mRNA was 46.7％ in peripheral blood of RCC patients,significantly higher than in normal controls (0) (P ＜ 0.001).The expression of Cadherin-6 mRNA was increased with the increase of clinicopathologic stage.Conclusion The expression of Cadherin-6 mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with RCC is a sensitive indicator by RT-PCR. Key words: Renal cell carcinomas; Gene diagnosis; Cadherin-6

Peripheral blood CD4/CD19 cell ratio is an independent prognostic factor in classical Hodgkin lymphoma

Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is characterized by the presence of tumoral cells in a rich background of T and B cells, macrophages and other inflammatory cells. The contribution of these non-tumoral cells to the pathogenesis of HL is still poorly understood. In our study we evaluated the prognostic significance of peripheral blood B, T and natural killer (NK) cells at diagnosis in 118 immunocompetent patients with cHL treated at our institution between January 2006 and December 2010. Fifty-four (46%) were male and 64 (54%) female. Median age at diagnosis was 33 years (range 15–82), and 71 patients (60%) presented an advanced stage (IIB–IV), 54 (46%) had bulky disease and 55 (47%) presented B symptoms. At the end of treatment, 94 patients (80%) had a complete response (CR) and 24 (20%) had a partial response. After a median follow-up of 54 months, 18 patients (15%) had relapsed. The variables that had a negative impact on progression-free survival (PFS) at univariate analysis were advanced stage, bone marrow involvement, International Prognostic Score (IPS) ≥ 3, positive interim positron emission tomography (int-PET), NK cells < 200/μL, CD19 cells < 85/μL, CD3/CD19 ratio ≥ 13 and CD4/CD19 ratio ≥ 10. At multivariate analysis, advanced stage, positive int-PET and CD4/CD19 ratio ≥ 10 were independent prognostic factors of PFS. New biological markers could be predictive of the response to treatment and survival in cHL. A CD4/CD19 ratio ≥ 10 seems to be associated with a worse outcome.

Peripheral immunosuppressive cell levels as predictive marker for the clinical outcome in stage IV colorectal carcinoma.

e14639 Background: Immune suppressive cells,Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) and T Regulatory Cells (Tregs) have been identified as negative prognostic biomarkers in distinct solid tumors. In colorectal cancer (CRC), increased peripheral levels of MDSCs have been correlated to worse survival (Solito S et al.; Blood 2011). Although Tregs infiltrated in tumors have been associated with favourable clinical outcome (Salama P et al.; JCO 2009), their significance in peripheral blood remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of these cells in the peripheral blood as a prognostic marker in CRC patients. Methods: Blood sample was collected from 49 CRC naïve patients (Stage IV) prior to 1st line treatment and 33 healthy donors. Flow cytometric analysis of MDSCs (HLA-DR-Lin-/lowCD33+CD11b+) and Tregs (CD3+CD4+CD25 highCD127low/-FoxP3+CD39+) was performed in fresh samples. MDSC and Treg levels of patients and normal controls were analyzed by using unpaired t-test. ROC analysis (area = 0.8539) was used to define high versus low MDSC levels, whereas the median value of Tregs in normal controls was used as a cut-off. Among patients that relapsed, Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare time to tumor progression (TTP) with high and low levels of MDSCs and Tregs. Results: The median percentages of MDSCs and Tregs in patients were significantly increased compared to controls (Mann Whitney test: p &lt; 0.0001; p = 0.0111, respectively). MDSCs were positively correlated to Treg levels (Spearman's r2 = +0.408; p = 0.048). Patients with high levels of MDSCs at baseline, but not Tregs (p = 0.7165), relapsed earlier to those with low levels (p= 0.0348; 9.83 vs. 4.93 months, respectively). Conclusions: CRC patients have elevated peripheral levels of immunosuppressive cells. MDSCs seem to be an independent prognostic factor for TTP. The significance of the observed correlation of MDSCs with Tregs and the suppressive mechanisms of these cells will be further investigated. Updated survival data will be presented in an increased cohort of patients.

Peripheral blood CD40–CD40L expression in human breast cancer

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. T cell-based immunotherapy for cancer has attracted much attention recently. CD40 and CD40L occupy an important position of specific immune response. In this paper, we want to study the role of co-stimulatory molecules CD40/CD40L and their clinical significance in peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer. Thirty breast cancer patients served as observation group, who were diagnosed as having infiltrating ductal breast cancer histopathologically, and 30 healthy as control group. Flow cytometric analysis was conducted to detect the expression of CD40 and CD40L on B and T lymphocytes in peripheral blood. The relationship between the CD40/CD40L expression levels and pathological grades was analyzed. The expression levels of CD40/CD40L on B cells and T cells in breast cancer patients were significantly higher than those in the controls (all P < 0.001), and CD40/CD40L levels had a significant positive relationship with pathological grades (all P < 0.001). The upregulated levels of co-stimulators CD40/CD40L on B cells and T cells may play an important role in the immune pathogenesis of breast cancer.

Expression and significance of peripheral blood T helper cell 22 in patients with atopic dermatitis

[Objective]To detect the expression of peripheral blood T helper cell 22 (Th22) in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD),and approach its role in AD pathogenesis.[Methods]The patients' conditions were evaluated by Eczema area and severity index (EASI) score.The peripheral blood Th22 (IL-22) cells of 46 patients with AD and 28healthy controls were detected by flow cytometry..Serum 1L-22,IFN- γ and IL-4 level were detected by ELISA assay.[Results]Th22 cells in peripheral blood of AD patients (2.35 ± 0.64)％ were significantly higher than those in the control group (0.94 ± 0.43)％ (P＜ 0.01).There was a positive correlation between Th22 cells and serum IL-22 (r=0.48,P ＜ 0.05) and no correlation between Th22 cells and IFN- γ,IL-4 (r=0.105,r=-0.267,P＞ 0.05),Th22 cells and EASI score of the disease was positively correlated (r=0.53,P ＜ 0.05).[Conclusion]Th22 cells may be used as the index of monitoring AD severity or disease fluctuations. Key words: Atopic dermatitis; Peripheral blood; T helper cell 22

Clinical significance of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subset , serum C-reactive protein and procalciton level in elderly asthmatic patients

Objective To investigate the clinical value of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subset and serum C-reactive protein(CRP) and procalciton(PCT) for diagnosis and therapy in elderly asthma patients.Methods The difference of T lymphocyte subset was compared between 45 elderly asthma patients and 50 young and middle-aged asthma patients.The changes of CRP and PCT levels before and after therapy were compared in 45 patients with elderly asthma.Results The expression of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD19+ and natural killer(NK) cell in elder patients were lower than the control group( all P ＜ 0.05 ),while CD4/CD8+ was higher( P ＜ 0.01 ).The levels of CRP and PCT were significantly lower after therapy than that before therapy (P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion The cytoimmunity and humoral immune function of elderly was decreased.The acute attack or exacerbation of asthma was related with infection.The detection of CRP and PCT could determine infection.CRP should be an sensitive marker to reflect infection,while PCTwas also a prognostic indicator. Key words: Asthma; T-Lymphocytes ; C-Reactive protein; Calcitonin; Aged

Changes and significance of peripheral blood T cell subsets, soluble interleukin-2 receptor and interferon-gamma in patients with retreatment pulmonary tuberculosis and initial treatment tuberculosis

The aim of this study was to compare the expression of peripheral blood T cell subsets, soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in patients with retreatment pulmonary tuberculosis, initial treatment pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, and therefore to explore the cellular immune changes and the significance among different types and severity of tuberculosis. A total of 170 patients with tuberculosis in Pulmonary Hospital of Shanghai from December 2009 to January 2011, including 98 males and 72 females, aged from 16 to 70 years (average 40 years), were included in this study. The patients were divided into retreatment pulmonary tuberculosis group (47 cases), initial treatment pulmonary tuberculosis group (62 cases) and initial treatment extra-pulmonary tuberculosis group (61 cases). Furthermore, the 109 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were divided into different subgroups according to cavity formation and the lung fields involved: patients without lung cavity (52 cases) vs those with lung cavity (57 cases), patients with involvement of 1 - 2 lung fields (48 cases), vs 3 - 4 lung fields (26 cases) and 5 - 6 lung fields (35 cases). Peripheral blood T cell subsets (by flow cytometry doubled-labeled antibody), sIL-2R and IFN-γ (by ELISA) were determined in 170 patients. Differences between means of 2 groups were tested by t test, differences among multiple groups were tested by analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multiple comparisons among multiple groups were tested by LSD-t test or χ² test. Linear regression equation was used to analyze the correlations. The levels of peripheral blood CD₄/CD₈ in patients with retreatment pulmonary tuberculosis and initial treatment extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients were significantly lower than that in initial treatment pulmonary tuberculosis patients, [(1.7 ± 0.7), (1.6 ± 0.7) and (2.0 ± 0.7) respectively (F = 4.380, P < 0.05)]. The levels of serum sIL-2R in patients with retreatment pulmonary tuberculosis and initial treatment extra-pulmonary tuberculosis were significantly higher than that in initial treatment pulmonary tuberculosis patients [(224 ± 89) pmol/L, (209 ± 98) pmol/L, (167 ± 73) pmol/L, (F = 6.402, P < 0.01)]. The levels of serum IFN-γ in patients with retreatment pulmonary tuberculosis and initial treatment extra-pulmonary tuberculosis were significantly higher than that in initial treatment pulmonary tuberculosis patients [(37 ± 23) ng/L, (37 ± 24) ng/L, (29 ± 16) ng/L, (F = 2.799, P < 0.05)]. The levels of peripheral blood CD₄/CD₈ in initial treatment and retreatment cavity pulmonary tuberculosis patients were lower than that in pulmonary tuberculosis patients without cavity, but the results of sIL-2R and IFN-γ were the opposite [(1.7 ± 0.6) vs (2.0 ± 0.8), (214 ± 93) pmol/L vs (167 ± 68) pmol/L and (38 ± 22) ng/L vs (27 ± 14) ng/L, t = -2.813 to 3.076, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01]. The level of serum sIL-2R was negatively correlated with peripheral blood CD₄/CD₈ level in all the patients (r = -0.380, P < 0.01). Patients with retreatment pulmonary tuberculosis and initial treatment extra-pulmonary tuberculosis had lower cellular immune function as compared to those with initial treatment pulmonary tuberculosis, and the cellular immune function was significantly correlated with the extent and cavity formation of pulmonary lesions.

Determination of AKAP12 methylation levels in peripheral blood using methylation-sensitive high resolution melting analysis in colorectal cancer

Objective To detect quantitatively AKAP12 methylation and evaluate its clinical significance in peripheral blood in colorectal cancer. Methods MS-HRM technology was used to detect quantitatively AKAP12 methylation in peripheral blood from 80 colorectal cancer patients and 20 healthy volunteers. They also validated the reproducibility and compared with MSP. Results Thirty-eight of the 80 colorectal cancer samples (47. 5% ) were found to be methylated at the AKAP12 promoter region by MS-HRM (the methylation levels of 24 cancer samples ranged between 1 % and 20% , the methylation levels of 12 cancer samples ranged between 20% and 60% , the methylation levels of 2 cancer samples ranged between 60% and 100% ). The methylation levels of 2 health samples were less than 10% . They also compared the results generated by MS-HRM with a traditional MSP assay. The AKAP12 MS-HRM assay was able to reproducibly detect 1% AKAP12 methylated DNA, whereas the MSP method was unable to detect less than 10% methylation. No significant correlation was observed between the AKAP12 methylation levels and patients' age and gender. However, AKAP12 methylation was significantly higher in DNA from colorectal cancer patients with high Dukes stage and differentiation (x2 =5. 93 or 8. 41, P = 0.01). Conclusions The authors demonstrate here for the first time, the utility of quantitative AKAP12 MS-HRM analysis of promoter methylation in peripheral blood samples. AKAP12 MS-HRM quantitative methods have many promising applications in the detection of colorectal cancer. Key words: A kinase anchor protein 12; Methylation; High resolution melting; Colorectal carcinoma

Detection of Chemerin and It's Clinical Significance in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Lung Cancer.

Chemerin was recently found a chemoattractant just like a chemotatic factor. It can induce immune chemotaxis to dendritic cells and macrophages by binding to its receptor ChemR23. It has been known that the activation of Chemerin could enhance the phagocytosis and antigen presentation of APC. Along with this observation, the contribution of Chemerin in the genesis and development of a tumor attracts more attention. We explored the relation between Chemerin and lung cancer through detecting the expression of Chemerin in peripheral blood of patients. The experiment selected samples of lung cancer patients and normal people. The concentration of Chemerin in peripheral blood was detected by ELISA method. T test was used to compare the statistic difference. We compared the concentration of Chemerin in peripheral blood with age, sex, pathological type, degree of differentiation, metastasis of lymphonode, UICC staging and other clinicopathological index, and analyzed by t test and one-way ANOVA. The concentration of Chemerin in peripheral blood of 42 patients with lung cancer (1 965.81 pg/mL+/-374.03 pg/mL) were significantly higher than the concentration of 31 healthy examination (1 111.44 pg/mL+/-250.72 pg/mL)(P<0.001). The concentration of Chemerin in peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer had no relationship with clinicopathological factors. Chemerin has the potential to lung cancer diagnosis as a marker.