Siberian Federal District Research Articles

Regional features of hospitalizations and outpatient medical care among adults with established hypertension

Aim. To analyze the indicators of hospitalization and outpatient visits of patients aged 18 years and older with hypertension (HЕТ) in federal districts (FD) and subjects of the Russian Federation from the perspective of the World Health Organization concept of ambulatory care sensitive conditions.Material and methods. The analysis included data from the annual forms of federal statistics (forms № 12 and № 14), on the number of hospitalizations and the outpatient visits of patients aged 18 years and older diagnosed of HTN (ICD10: I10-I12) in 2022. Results. We analyzed the data of the federal statistics (forms № 12 and № 14) of the FDs and subjects of the Russian Federation in 2022. It was found that the Siberian FD has one of the highest rates of adult outpatient visits with HЕТ aged 18 years and older, where, at the same time, one of the lowest rates of hospitalizations is recorded. In FDs with adult outpatient visits higher than the Russian average, there were higher adult hospitalization than the Russian average (Ural, Central and Volga FDs). In FDs with adult outpatient visits lower than the Russian average, there were higher adult hospitalization than the Russian average (South, North Caucasus and Far East FDs). In the Northwestern FD, adult outpatient visits and adult hospitalization were lower than the Russian average. When analyzing the HTN ratio among the adult population aged 18 years and older, the highest indicator was recorded in the North Caucasus FD, while the heterogeneity of the indicator within the FD was one of the highest among the other FDs. The lowest HTN ratio indicator among the adult population aged 18 years and older was recorded in the Ural FD, while the heterogeneity of the indicator within the FD was the lowest among the other FDs. There was a high variability of the ratio both for all subjects of the Russian Federation and FDs. The ratio values ranged from 1,2 in the Nizhny Novgorod region to 12,26 in the Republic of Dagestan.Conclusion. Accounting for diseases that can be treated on an outpatient basis can help to assess the quality of care to the adult population in primary health care facilities. However, before including this indicator as a quality criterion, a deeper understanding of the reasons influencing its change is required.

КАРДИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ СЛУЖБА ИРКУТСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ – ИТОГИ 2022 ГОДА И НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ

КАРДИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ СЛУЖБА ИРКУТСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ – ИТОГИ 2022 ГОДА И НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ

ОБРАЩЕНИЕ К ЧИТАТЕЛЯМ СПЕЦИАЛЬНОГО ВЫПУСКА ЖУРНАЛА, ПОСВЯЩЕННОГО "X СЪЕЗДУ КАРДИОЛОГОВ СИБИРСКОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ОКРУГА"

The issue of the “Baikal Medical Journal” brought to your attention contains materials from the X Anniversary Congress of Cardiologists of the Siberian Federal District, which was held in Irkutsk on September 7-9, 2023 under the motto “SIBERIAN CARDIOLOGY 2023: NEW CHALLENGES AND WAYS OF DEVELOPMENT.” The congress was held for the first time in Irkutsk. Its program is dedicated to solving pressing problems of cardiological science and practice, developing measures to reduce morbidity and mortality from diseases of the circulatory system in Siberia. The collection presents the results of fundamental and clinical studies of leading Siberian scientific cardiological schools in Irkutsk, Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Kemerovo, Novokuznetsk, Barnaul, Chita, Tyumen. The topics of the materials are varied and include issues of prevention and treatment of myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension, and atrial fibrillation. Current and contemporary problems of cardio-oncology, psychosomatics, cardiogenetics, biomarker concept of risk assessment, damage to the cardiovascular system in COVID-19, and cardiometabolic syndrome are discussed. The results of research in the field of epidemiology and primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases are presented. The experience of organizing cardiological services at the regional level is summarized. A description of interesting clinical cases is provided. The presented materials will be of interest to a wide range of cardiologists and therapists, researchers in the field of cardiology, graduate students, residents and students. The editors of the journal would like to thank all the authors who submitted their works.

Disinfection and sterilization measures in medical organizations of the Ural and Siberian Federal Districts: Results of 2022 and a long-term quality rating

BACKGROUND: Disinfection and sterilization activities are integral parts of the epidemiological safety system in healthcare aimed at preventing healthcare-associated infections. The quality of disinfection and sterilization activities affects healthcare efficiency and the safety of both patients and healthcare professionals. Continuous monitoring of key disinfection and sterilization indicators is an important constituent of a healthcare-associated infection surveillance system implemented in healthcare institutions, organizations, and bodies of Rospotrebnadzor (Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing).
 AIM: To analyze data on the disinfection and sterilization activities implemented in healthcare institutions of the Ural and Siberian Federal Districts.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on the information obtained from State Federal Statistical Monitoring form No. 27 Information on disinfection activities for 20152022 presented by the Rospotrebnadzor offices of the respective Russian Federation constituents, long-term average annual and Russias nationwide average figures were compared. The rating of the quality of disinfection and sterilization measures in the healthcare institutions of the Ural and Siberian Federal Districts was analyzed using Statistica 10, and the most significant groups of indicators were selected for analysis.
 RESULTS: The resulting rating scores and their long-term annual kinetics suggest that the steadiest quality indicators of the disinfection and sterilization activities were observed in healthcare institutions in the Khakass Republic, Tyumen, and Omsk Oblasts.
 CONCLUSIONS: Continuous monitoring of key disinfection and sterilization indicators in healthcare institutions allows the development of task-oriented preventive activities and their adjustment to changes in the epidemiologic situation in the region.

СООТНОШЕНИЕ ТЕПЛА И ВЛАГИ В СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ РАЙОНАХ ЮГА РОССИИ В ЛЕТНИЙ ПЕРИОД ПРИ ИЗМЕНЕНИИ КЛИМАТА

It is revealed that there was a significant increase in the Bowen ratio in the Volga, Southern, and North Caucasian federal districts in the second half of the 20th century-beginning of the 21st century. This indicates a strengthening of sensible heat flux and a reduction of latent heat flux in the heat and moisture balance. These changes are caused by a significant temperature rise, especially in the south of European Russia, with a regional decrease in precipitation. The Bowen ratio is inversely proportional to precipitation and NDVI and directly proportional to temperature. In the steppe zone represented by the Volga, Southern, and North Caucasian federal districts the long periods of predominance of the Bowen ratio anomalies of a certain sign can be distinguished for June and July: the positive ones in the 1950s and until the mid-1960s, the negative ones after that until the early 2000s, and the positive ones since the middle of the first decade of the 21st century. Since the second decade of the 21st century, the positive anomalies of the Bowen ratio have become more frequent in some years and have exceeded the standard deviation. An increase in the contribution of heat to the heat and moisture exchange balance led to a degradation of vegetation conditions in the Volga, Southern, and North Caucasus federal districts. In the south of the Siberian Federal District, the fluctuation of the Bowen ratio anomalies is less pronounced than in European Russia, which suggests some stability of heat and moisture supply in summer over the past 70 years.

Monitoring the implementation of national projects in the regions of the Ural and Siberian federal districts

The formation in the Russian Federation of the practice of forming and implementing national projects has led to public interest in various aspects of this process, in particular, in financing. Financing of national projects can be considered from different points of view, including at the level of the region of the Russian Federation. The article conducted a study of financing national projects in the regions of the Ural and Siberian federal districts in 20192022, and identified significant features.

Territorial Public Self-Government in Municipal Entities of the Constituent Entities of the Siberian Federal District

Today, the issues of involving citizens in decision-making process of public authorities have become the main vector determining development of democratic countries of the world. Most of all, this trend is felt at the level of the power closest to the population — at the level of local self-government that often uses the institute of territorial public self-government (TPSG) in Russia. The paper defines the state of the legal institution under consideration in Russia using the Siberian Federal District as the case study. Based on the results of the analysis of legislation, the collected material on TPSG (concerning the number, forms of TPSG work, forms of interaction between TPSG and public authorities, etc.), identified TPSG‘s organizational and operational problems, the author concludes that in the state conditions have been created that promote TPSG formation. Consistent resolution of the tasks will allow us to move to a new level of engaging the population in participation in local government.

Model Libraries of the Urals, Siberia and the Far East (on the National Library of Russia Monitoring Data)

The Librarianship Organization Sector of the Scientific and Methodological Department of the National Library of Russia (NLR) annually monitors statistical indicators of the public libraries network activities run by the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, which results are presented in analytical references on the library’s website, stated in scientific reports and articles. Under monitoring, the Department’s specialists carry on analytical and synthetic processing of materials provided by central libraries or information centers of the departments of culture of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Lately, special attention is paid to model libraries formation, which creation was initiated in 2019 by the Federal project “Cultural Environment” within the framework of the national project “Culture”. The paper objective is to trace the dynamics of model libraries number at the territory of the Ural, Siberian and the Far Eastern Federal Districts (FD) and the Federation constituent entities in them for 4 years of the project functioning (2019-2022). Separately, data on model libraries of the new generation are recorded. The author analyzes the following indicators by districts and regions of the Urals, Siberia and the Far East: the number, types of model libraries, as well as the share of municipal libraries, material and technical conditions of which make it possible to implement the tasks of the Model Standard of Public Library Activities. The article names the regions standing out in terms of individual parameters; identifies the leaders in creating model libraries among the subjects of the Russian Federation beyond the Urals: Chelyabinsk Region in the Ural Federal District, Altai Territory in the Siberian Federal District, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the Far Eastern Federal District. It notes that the territories most remote from the center of the country – Sakhalin Region, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Kamchatka Territory – still have low amount of model libraries (especially model libraries of the new generation).

КОНТРУРБАНИЗАЦИЯ КАК ФАКТОР РАЗВИТИЯ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО КАПИТАЛА

Agriculture is one of the key sectors of the economy of the Siberian Federal District. Agriculture is re-sponsible not only for ensuring the food security of the region, but also is the most important export direc-tion. However, for the development of this industry, it is necessary to ensure a high level of human capi-tal. Human capital is still the main resource of the industry, it is it that allows us to ensure high labor productivity, solve problems to improve production efficiency. Ensuring the quality of human capital formation remains important. If we consider the example of the agricultural sector, then there is a problem of the formation of human capital. Most agricultural producers, due to the specifics of production, are forced to be located in the regions of large cities. Such an arrangement of organizations is a negative fac-tor for the qualitative formation of human capital. In the article, the influence of technological structures on the development of the agricultural sector and the impact of the transition from industrial to post-industrial society on the countryside are considered, as well as mechanisms for counter-urbanization are proposed.

Construction of regional breeding indices for cows of the Ayrshire population of the Russian Federation

An assessment of the Estimation Breeding Value (EBV) of Ayrshire first-calving cows was carried out using the BLUP Animal Model, followed by the modeling of breeding indices and the calculation of weight coefficients, taking into account the segmentation of animal groups by breeding regions. As a result of the assessment of breeding value, differences were established for certain economically useful traits in the studied populations of first-calving cows. In the group of cows from the Republic of Karelia (KRL), estimates for milk yield for 305 days (MY) were +263 kg, fat yield (FAT) +9.2 kg, protein yield (PROT) +8.7 kg. Animals from the Leningrad region (LO) had the most desirable reproduction scores: days open (DO) and Intercalving period (ICP) were at the level of -0.15 and +0.08 days, respectively. The fertility index (FI) turned out to be at the level of +0.19, yielding in value only to first-calving cows from the KRL, whose estimates were +0.31. A negative genetic relationship between MY and the percentage of fat and protein (rg = -0.100, rg = -0.096) and a low phenotypic relationship (rp = +0.013, rp = +0.168, respectively), were revealed. The phenotypic correlation of MY with live weight at 10 months (W10) was +0.351, which is higher compared to other signs of development. The heritability coefficients of developmental indicators, such as W10, live weight at the first insemination (W1INS) and after the first calving (W1C) had insignificant differences between themselves and amounted to: 0.17, 0.20 and 0.18, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic and genetic correlation coefficients and heritability coefficients of the studied traits, on average for the population, a general index was used, and taking into account differences in regions, regional indices were developed. The main difference between the presented indices is the values of weight coefficients. In the Republic of Komi, in comparison with other regions, MY for 305 days (+54.94) and FI (+0.90) take more weight, in the Siberian Federal District (SFO) - FAT (+12.98), in the Southern Federal District (SFO) - PROT (+26.9), and in the index for the LO - the indicator W10 (+0.50). The values of weight coefficients for W10 differ between regions not only in terms of values, but also in direction. According to this indicator, negative weighting coefficients were noted in the Vologda (-0.30), Kirov regions (-0.10) and the Southern Federal Districts (-0.10). In the KRL, there is a greater need to work with the reproductive qualities of animals, as indicated by the weight coefficient for the fertility index equal to +0.25.

Scientific and theoretical substantiation of the system of improving selection and breeding work in dairy cattle breeding in the Novosibirsk region

In the article, the authors presented the main achievements and problems of developing dairy cattle breeding associated with selection and breeding work in the Novosibirsk region. It is necessary to solve the following tasks step by step for the purpose of the sustainable, progressive development of the industry and improvement of selection and breeding work with dairy cattle in the region: the creation of a regional/regional council for breeding work; organization of the Novosibirsk tribal union of dairy industry enterprises; formation of an assistant service based on the Novosibirsk State Agrarian University (NSAU) in cooperation with the Siberian Federal Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnologies of the Russian academy of sciences and JSC Novosibirskagroplem (RSIC – Regional Selection and Information Center); formation of a unified global database of breeding resources of the Siberian Federal District (SFD), the central regions of the Russian Federation, member countries of the EAEU (Eurasian Economic Union) using foreign data sources; development and implementation of an information and analytical system that allows you to automate selection and breeding work at the level of the economy, region, country/countries; automating the process of phenotyping of dairy cattle and improving the quality of the work of assessors (classifiers) of the exterior. The implementation of the tasks outlined will contribute to the consolidation of approaches at the regional level. It will lead to an increase in the quality of primary zootechnical accounting, which, in turn, will allow the assessment of the genetic potential of dairy cattle productivity, taking into account regional specifics, with high accuracy. It is expected that the result of such activities will be the development of appropriate domestic software tools for gaining technological sovereignty and ensuring the food security of the region and the country.

Foreign Trade Relations Between China and the Siberian Regions Through the Prism of Complementarity, Specialization and Sustainable Development

Russian-Chinese relations are characterized by the most solid foundation in the context of more than ten years of trade wars unleashed by Western countries, the most powerful pandemic in modern history and the current geopolitical aggravation that has actually changed the existing world order. Against this background, one of the key factors in the development of foreign economic cooperation between Russia and China is mutual commitment to the principles of equality, openness and inclusiveness. It is on this basis that the countries are expanding their interaction in the field of foreign trade, investment, and large-scale infrastructure projects. Russia and China regularly hold bilateral consultations related to the development of cooperation in various areas of the economy and business. On the one hand, these plans lay the foundation for building foreign economic cooperation with China at the regional level, on the other hand, their implementation sets a number of long-term and medium-term goals and objectives for the regions. Their substantive features and, in fact, roadmaps for them should be built taking into account the situation that is developing in the current relations between the Chinese side and the regions, in particular the regions of Siberia as a strategically important economic region. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the possibilities of expanding cooperation, which involves correlating export and import profiles within the framework of the Russian-Chinese partnership. This article presents the results of a study of foreign trade interaction between the regions of the Siberian Federal District and China, including the level of complementarity, specialization, sustainability of the trend and the speed of development of trade flows. The totality of the results obtained made it possible to form a map of the development of exports and imports of Siberian regions in the context of expanding cooperation with China.

Thermal injuries in the Siberian region

Introduction. Thermal lesions represent a significant medical and social problem, they are characterized by the duration and high cost of treatment, a significant proportion of the limitation or disability. In Siberian region besides burn injuries, cold injury is common.
 The purpose of the work was to identify factors influencing the indicators of specialized medical care for patients with thermal injuries in the Siberian region.
 Materials and methods. The analysis of the reports of the main specialists of the subjects of the Siberian Federal District on the provision of specialized medical care to victims of thermal injuries in 2017 was carried out. Statistical processing was performed using the Microsoft Excel for Windows 10.0 program.
 Results. The average provision for victims of thermal trauma is 2.8 beds per 100,000 of the district’s population, the turnover rate per 100,000 of the population is 134, the mortality rate is 4.6%. The hospitalization rate for patients with burns per 100,000 populations is 39, with cold injury — 6.0. In the structure of adult patients, non-core patients hospitalized for a “burn” bed occupy 12%. The mortality rate in adults is 10 times higher than in children. For each specialized bed for a patient with thermal injuries, 6.4 beds intensive critical care are required. Over 12% of victims in intensive care units require mechanical ventilation. The rate of anesthetic management per patient varies in subjects by 6 times.
 Limitations. The study was conducted on the basis of available official statistical data, primary data were not used.
 Conclusion. Cold trauma has a significant impact on the performance of the medical care system in the Siberian Federal District for patients with the “combustiology” profile. The variability of a number of key parameters in the provision of specialized care for thermal trauma is due to different numbers and densities of the population, the degree of industrialization and the financial capabilities of the region. A significant proportion of those treated in burn hospitals are patients with another (without thermal injury) pathology.

ОСНОВНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО МЕХАНИЗМА ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ АГРОПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОГО РЫНКА В СИБИРСКОМ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОМ ОКРУГЕ

The developed agri-food market is an indicator of the economic well-being of the region and guarantees the provision of the local population with products of its own production in volume and assortment, regardless of imports. Despite the fact that the Siberian Federal District is the largest producer of agricultural products and food products in Russia, significant volumes of food products are imported to its regions from other regions of the country, supplies are coming from countries near and far abroad. This indicates that local producers are not able to fully meet the domestic demand of consumers for products.
 The methodological basis of the study was the scientific works of researchers in the field of the theory of the agro-food market. During the research, methods and techniques were used: abstract-logical, economic-statistical, statistical groupings, monographic.
 The study made it possible to determine the trends in the production and consumption of basic agricultural products in the regions of the Siberian Federal District, as well as the volume of imports in physical and value terms. The basic principles determining the effectiveness of the organizational and economic mechanism of development and functioning of the agro-food market of the district are highlighted. Based on the results of the scientific research, the main directions of improving the organizational and economic mechanism of the functioning of the agro-food market of the Siberian Federal District are proposed, taking into account the development of interregional and interstate food relations, which are the basis for its effective functioning and providing the population with high-quality food products in the assortment produced in the region.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOOD AND PROCESSING INDUSTRY

Objective. The article is devoted to the development of scientific and methodological provisions for improving the organizational and economic mechanism for the innovative development of the food and processing industry in order to ensure food security in Siberia.
 Materials and methods. The methods of substantiation of modern organizational and technological regulations, norms and standards for the innovative development of the crop industry are considered. To analyze the main directions for adjusting the organizational and economic mechanism for the innovative development of the food and processing industry in Siberia, a program-targeted approach is used.
 Results. An algorithm for the formation of organizational and technological regulations in crop production is considered on the example of rapeseed. The main directions for adjusting the organizational and economic mechanism for the innovative development of the food and processing industry in Siberia on the basis of a program-targeted approach are proposed. An algorithm of basic standards has been formed in the system of standards for rapeseed cultivation at different intensities in the conditions of the Novosibirsk region. Particular attention is paid to the ecological block of the economic substantiation of crop cultivation standards on the example of oilseeds.
 Conclusion. The current level of food consumption in the areas of development and the North of Siberia does not fully comply with modern standards and the physiological needs of the population, taking into account their national and ethnic characteristics. In this regard, the development of the food and processing industry of the agro-industrial complex of the Siberian Federal District is of strategic importance.

The Institutional Environment of Sustainable Rural Development in the Siberian Federal District

The terms "sustainability" and "sustainable development" are now widely used in various fields of human activity. Such collocations as "sustainable universities", "sustainable companies", etc. are not rarely to be found. The use of this terminology has become particularly popular in the context of tangible climate change. For this reason, the concept of sustainable development has been used in rural development studies for quite a long time. In different countries of the world, using this concept for analyzing rural development has both positive and negative sides. In the Russian Federation, there are regulations ("rules of the game") and institutions ("players") that shape the institutional environment for sustainable rural development. In fact, sustainability and prosperity of rural areas in Russia, and in Siberian Federal District in particular, will depend on how the institutional environment is structured. This article attempts to describe the existing institutional environment for the sustainable development of rural areas. Analyzing existing legal acts and the key actors in the field, we have designed the institutional framework, which allows to determine the vector of development of rural areas. This vector can be used in forecasting the achievement of threshold values established by regulatory legal acts of both Federal and regional significance.

Региональные риски производственных травм и гибели личного состава Федеральной противопожарной службы МЧС России (2006–2020 гг.)

Introduction. A high level of tension of physical and psychophysiological reserves of an organism which firefighters are exposed to probably contributes to the occurrence of erroneous actions and injuries. Occupational injuries are an indicator of the safety of activity, it cannot be excluded completely, injuries can only be minimized. The purpose of this article is to carry out a qualitative assessment of the occupational risks of injuries and death of personnel, employees with special ranks, and workers of the Federal Firefighting Service (FFS) of the Emercom of Russia in federal districts and regions of Russia. Methods. Over the 15 years (2006–2020) 3,758 injuries in the performance of official duties were recorded considering the personnel of the Federal Firefighting Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, 224 of them were fatal. The risk of occupational injuries was calculated per 10 thousand (10 –4 ) people, the risk of death was calculated per 100 thousand (10 –5 ). Optimal risk was considered to be those indicators that were 1/3 less than the average for the FFS of the EMERCOM of Russia, increased — more than 1/3, acceptable — with intermediate values. Resu lts and discussion. The average annual risk of occupational injuries of the personnel of the FFS of the EMERCOM of Russia was (14.66 ± 2.01) ∙ 10 –4 injuries/(person per year). The optimal risk of injuries was in the Siberian Federal District and in 24 regions of Russia, increased — in the Far Eastern, North Caucasus Federal District and in 23 regions, acceptable — in other federal districts and regions. The average annual risk of death of the personnel of the FFS of the EMERCOM of Russia was (8.53 ± 1.00) ∙ 10 –5 deaths/(person ∙ year). The optimal risk of death was in the Siberian Federal District and in 35 regions of Russia, elevated — in the North Caucasus Federal District and in 19 regions, acceptable — in other federal districts and regions. Co nclusions. It is necessary to take into account and analyze all cases of occupational injuries with the participation of chiefs, occupational safety specialists, engineers, firefighters and doctors in order to develop measures to prevent them.

The current state of working conditions in coal mines of Russia

Introduction. In 2021, the largest proportion of workers in the Russian Federation with class 3.1 and higher1 was at coal mining enterprises (79.1%), in coal mines this figure reached 90.4%, which determines the high level of occupational morbidity of miners — more than 150–200 times higher than the average in Russia2.
 The study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the working conditions of employees of operating coal mines in Russia according to the data of the Federal State Statistics Service in comparison with the indicators of occupational morbidity (on the example of the Rostov region).
 Materials and methods. The authors have carried out the analysis of the data of the FSIS SAWC from 2018 to 2022 for all 57 coal mines operating in Russia during this period in four federal districts (FD) with a total number of jobs (RM) — 17,158, employing 60,699 people. The objects of the study were employees of 12 professions. For an integral assessment of the degree of harmfulness of working conditions of miners, we have calculated the total score of the degree of harmfulness of working conditions. Scientists investigated the occupational morbidity of miners. The experts also compared the established indicators with the data on the FSIS SAWC on the example of enterprises of the Rostov region (with the calculation of Spearman correlation coefficients).
 Results. Working conditions of 13% of miners belong to Class 3.1, 42% — to class 3.2, 35% — to class 3.3 and about 2% — to class 3.4. We have identified the most unfavorable conditions in the professions of tunnellers and longwall miner (721.9 and 717.1 points) — class 3.3–3.4; drivers of electric locomotives, drivers of hoisting installations, electricians, miners (hydraulic fracturing), explosives (500.3, 495.6, 444.3, 436.4 and 407.4 points) — class 3.2–3.3; among mining foremen, fasteners, stemmers, mechanics and lifting drivers (392.9, 333.3, 261.0, 256.8, 157.1 points), class — 3.2–3.1. The leading production factors are: the severity of labor (85.1%), noise (83.3%), aerosols of predominantly fibrogenic action (79.4%). Increased levels of local vibration, unfavorable microclimate and insufficient illumination are recorded at 30–40% of the RM. The authors found that only 2.4% of workplaces exceeded the maximum permissible level (MPL) for general vibration, and 0.3% — in terms of labor intensity. There is no data on infrasound, non-ionizing and ionizing radiation.
 Limitations. The study is limited to data on working conditions and occupational morbidity of coal miners for the period 2018–2022. These limitations allow us to plan further research and expand our understanding of this problem.
 Conclusion. The most unfavorable working conditions we have registered in the Southern Federal District, followed by the Siberian Federal District, Northwestern Federal District, Far Eastern Federal District, which is primarily due to the technologies used and production conditions. Also, scientists have identified underestimation of the degree of harmfulness of working conditions by factors (severity and intensity of work, local vibration, light environment, microclimate), non-accounting of ionizing radiation. The structure of the leading production factors determines the modern structure of occupational morbidity of miners: radiculopathy (39.2%), respiratory diseases (36.7%), diseases from exposure to noise and local vibration (18.2%).
 Ethics. The study did not require the conclusion of the Ethics Committee.

Lignite industry of Russia: peculiarities of the development concept

A long-term development concept for Russia’s lignite industry has been presented, developed based on a comprehensive evaluation of active coal mining companies. The economic indicators of 48 Russian companies engaged in lignite mining were analyzed, both nationally and regionally, allowing for specific provisions of the concept to be formulated accounting for the spatial development of industry companies.The relevance of this work is due to the high strategic significance of the lignite industry for the country’s economy, which is in ensuring energy security for the Far East and Siberia on a long-term perspective of up to the depletion of explored lignite reserves in 1137 years with the current level of mining. Despite the high strategic importance of the industry, there is a risk of a decrease in its role in the country’s economic development, as the industry has faced several internal and external challenges. These challenges require a quick response to prevent potential damage they may cause.The results of the analysis of the current state of Russia’s lignite industry are presented in terms of the distribution of explored lignite reserves, the territorial localization of active coal mining organizations, their production and economic conditions, and their associations with the external environment. Based on the results of the analysis, a concept and principles for industry development have been formulated. The concept involves increasing lignite mining in the Far Eastern Federal District and maintaining the volume of mining in the Siberian Federal District, achieved through creating necessary conditions for economic development, including diversification of products produced from lignite.

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IN SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF TYPOLOGY OF REGIONS OF THE SIBERIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT BY THE LEVEL OF INCOME AND PROPERTY POTENTIAL OF THE POPULATION

The article presents the methodology and results of the typology of the regions of the Siberian Federal District in terms of the income and property potential of the population. The authors use the method of multivariate classification — cluster analysis, the application of which in this study was carried out in stages using the Statistica software package. To measure the level of income and property potential of the population, a system of indicators was used, including income, as well as the provision of movable and immovable property to the population. As a result, the authors identified three groups of regions with different levels of income and property potential of the population. An analysis was carried out in which each resulting cluster is compared with the average values for the Siberian Federal District and the Russian Federation, as well as for indicators of the income and property potential of the population. The authors focus on the significant heterogeneity of the regions of the Siberian Federal District in terms of income and property indicators and point out the need for a differentiated approach when making decisions in the field of evidence-based state policy and a long-term strategy for the dynamic growth of the welfare of the population.