The application of artificial neural networks (ANN) for object classification based on data received by impulse radar is analyzed. Instead of spectrum analysis or threshold criterion application, the amplitudes of received impulse electromagnetic field in a definite time and spatial points are processed by the neural network directly to make an object recognition procedure. Several electromagnetic problems and structures of ANN are considered as examples to obtain the layered medium parameter, to find some object and its coordinates in a medium. The stability of the determination of object placement and medium geometrical characteristics are studied in the presence of experimental errors and noises. The normal incidence of short impulse plane wave of Gaussian time form on the complex medium with losses is considered. Finite Difference in Time Domain (FDTD) method is used for obtaining the reflected electromagnetic field above a medium. The amplitudes of the electrical component of the field are the input data for ANN. The thicknesses of one of the layers or distances to an object are the ANN output parameters that are sought for.