Short Communication Research Articles

Beyond Menace: Unveiling the Landscape of Predatory Journals in Sudan’s Pediatric Academic Community

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Short communication on “new insights into the combined toxicity of aflatoxin B1 and Fumonisin B1 in HepG2 cells using Seahorse respirometry analysis and RNA transcriptome sequencing”

Short communication on “new insights into the combined toxicity of aflatoxin B1 and Fumonisin B1 in HepG2 cells using Seahorse respirometry analysis and RNA transcriptome sequencing”

Classifying methods to quantify crop nitrogen input requirements

In this short communication, we propose a framework that classifies methods for estimating crop nitrogen (N) input requirements along two dimensions: short-term versus long-term and current versus optimal crop management practices. The four resulting quadrants provide different perspectives on modelling methods, each distinctive in handling soil N supply, mineral versus organic N sources, management and yield levels. For each quadrant, study examples and data requirements are provided. We emphasise the importance of accurate and purpose-oriented selection of crop N requirement modelling methods and acknowledge the complexity and uncertainties inherent in N modelling, often due to a lack of data availability. The choice of methods to estimate N inputs strongly impacts model outcomes and conclusions, affecting agricultural practices, advisories, and policy strategies. Therefore, a decision tree is presented to support choices in assessing N input requirements so that models can help identify under and over-fertilisation hotspots, maintain soil fertility, and optimise crop yields, contributing to environmental protection and food security goals.

Short Communication: Candida sp. isolated from mangrove soils for biological decolorization of textile reactive dyes

Abstract. Boontanom P, Chantarasiri A. 2024. Short communication: Candida sp. isolated from mangrove soils for biological decolorization of textile reactive dyes. Biodiversitas 25: 2595-2602. Effluent discharge from dye-related industries is a significant environmental pollution problem and a concern for human health. Dyes have harmful effects on aquatic organisms due to their toxic properties. One possible solution is using microorganisms for the biological decolorization of textile reactive dyes as an eco-friendly and potentially lucrative alternative to physicochemical processes. Therefore, this study isolated an effective dye-decolorizing yeast from mangrove soil samples in Thailand and investigated the decolorization efficiency of eight textile reactive dyes under experimental conditions. Yeasts have several advantages over other bacteria and fungi for the biological decolorization of textile reactive dyes, but the number of dye-decolorizing yeasts discovered in mangrove soils remains scarce. The most effective dye-decolorizing yeast, isolate RY21703, showed Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) decolorization of 37.50±0.07% within 72 h of incubation. This yeast isolate was genetically and phylogenetically identified as Candida sp. strain RY21703 and produced 0.97±0.08 U/mL of crude laccase activity, an essential enzyme in dye decolorization mechanisms. Candida sp. strain RY21703 showed strong decolorization efficiency after 72 h of incubation in all azo-reactive dyes, ranging from 27.32±3.34% (CI Reactive Orange 122) to 61.45±1.43% (CI Reactive Green 19). This strain also decolorized phthalocyanine reactive dye (CI Reactive Blue 21) by 60.71%. Findings suggested that this mangrove yeast can be used for the biological decolorization of dyeing wastewater.

Short Communication: Diversity, abundance, and utilization of bivalves on the south coast of Pamekasan, Madura Island, Indonesia

Abstract. Kurniawan ER, Ambarwati R, Isnaningsih NR. 2024. Short Communication: Diversity, abundance, and utilization of bivalves on the south coast of Pamekasan, Madura Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2454-2462. Bivalves are a group of mollusks that include clams, oysters, scallops, and mussels. Bivalves have vital roles both economically and ecologically. This study aims to analyze the diversity and abundance of bivalves in the intertidal zone of south coast of Pamekasan, Madura Island, Indonesia. Sampling was carried out at the lowest tide using the line transect method at four research stations located at Talang Siring Beach and its adjacent areas. Identification was conducted based on morphological characteristics. The data were analyzed descriptive-quantitatively. The results showed that in south coast of Pamekasan, there were 21 species of bivalves belonging to 13 genera and 8 families. The value of diversity index was 2.21 which included in the medium category. The results of the bivalve community index stated that the station 3 had the highest diversity value among other sampling stations, which was 2.2. The highest relative abundance value was found in the species Tellinides timorensis Lamarck 1818 which was 35.96%. Among the 21 species found at Talang Siring Beach and its adjacent areas, nine of them are frequently utilized by local people. Although Talang Siring Beach is managed as a tourism area, this beach is a potential habitat for bivalves.

An Efficient Lossless Compression Algorithm for Maritime Safety Information Using Byte Encoding Network

The short message function of the BeiDou satellite system, due to its strong concurrent processing capabilities, can quickly and accurately send information to the target location in emergency situations. However, because of data redundancy and limitations on message length, a single piece of information often requires multiple transmissions through BeiDou short messages to be completed, resulting in limited transmission capacity. To improve the transmission capacity of information, it is necessary to compress the information during transmission using BeiDou’s short message communication function for maritime safety information. This paper proposes a Byte Encoding-enhanced Prediction by Partial Matching, variant D (BPPMd) algorithm that is particularly suitable for transmitting maritime safety information. Combined with a maritime safety information encoding algorithm (ME), it further improves compression efficiency, optimizes byte space, reduces information redundancy, and ensures the accuracy of the information. In this study, we constructed a maritime safety information dataset that includes three categories of information: meteorological warnings, navigation warnings, and disaster warnings. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is particularly suitable for compressing the maritime safety information dataset and outperforms other benchmark algorithms. Therefore, this study indicates that the proposed lossless compression method can be a feasible and effective solution for BeiDou short message communication.

Tourism Sustainomics: A New Application of Sustainomics in Tourism

This short communication presents “Tourism Sustainomics”,” an adaptation of the scientific concept of Sustainomics, which was originally presented at the World Development Summit in Rio and is specifically tailored to the field of tourism. As an emerging meta-science, Tourism Sustainomics integrates the dimensions of sustainability, stakeholder well-being and the implementation of sustainability principles to provide a comprehensive approach to sustainable tourism development. This paradigm shift advocates for a holistic, interdisciplinary framework that not only recognises the complexity of sustainable practices, but also aims to redefine the science of sustainable tourism to make it fit for the 21st century. By exploring the theoretical underpinnings and practical implications of this new paradigm, this communication aims to advance the academic discourse and promote an actionable science of sustainability in tourism. Tourism Sustainomics strives to influence universal sustainable tourism practices and contribute to a universally sustainable approach that applies to all forms of tourism throughout the physical realm of planet Earth and beyond.

Insights into New-onset Arthritis in Patients with Hidradenitis Suppurativa.

Abstract is missing (Short communication)

Modeling longitudinal relationships between sleep disturbances and depressed mood in postpartum: A cross-lagged panel design

BackgroundThis short communication explores the interrelationships between depressed mood and sleep disturbances in one-year postpartum period. MethodsUtilizing data from the Interaction of Gene and Environment of Depression during PostPartum Cohort (IGEDEPP) involving 3310 French postpartum women, we employed a cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) to analyze the relationships between these two symptoms, across three time points (immediate postpartum [<1 week after delivery], early postpartum [<2 months after delivery], and late postpartum [2 months to 1 years after delivery]). ResultsDepressed mood significantly influences sleep disturbances in late postpartum (β = 0.096, z-value = 7.4; p < 0.001) but not in early postpartum (p-value = 0.9). We found no cross-lagged influence of sleep disturbances on depressed mood in early (p = 0.066) or in late postpartum (p = 0.060). Moreover, depressed mood and sleep disturbances in immediate postpartum are predictive of similar symptoms in the two other postpartum periods (between each of the three periods, p = 0.006 and p < 0.001 for depressed mood, and p = 0.039 and p < 0.001 for sleep disturbances), thus demonstrating the stability of these symptoms over time. LimitationsAlthough conducted with a prospectively assessed cohort, this study faces limitations due to potential methodological biases. ConclusionsThis study is a pioneering analysis of mutual causal interactions between depressed mood and sleep disturbances in the postpartum period, highlighting the need for vigilant monitoring, early detection, prevention of worsen outcomes and intervention on these symptoms.

A data-driven short video international communication model based on indicator system communication network and attention BiLSTM neural network

As one of the most popular ways to disseminate Internet content in the current era of media convergence, short videos have increasingly become part of people’s daily lives. This paper takes TikTok as the research object, focusing on the study of short video communication process. The research objective of this paper is to improve the international communication effect of short videos through data-driven analysis and strategy research on the law of international communication of short videos. Firstly, the key objective indicator system about international communication of short videos is constructed, the definition, selection and design logic of key objective indicators are introduced, the construction idea of the corresponding indicator system is proposed, and then the key objective indicator system about international communication of short videos and related data set are constructed. Secondly, an international communication network model for short videos is built. The construction of this network model is divided into three steps, the construction of the short video communication network KOIS-PN based on the key objective indicators system, the construction of AT-BiLSTM neural network model to adapt to the research scenario of short video international communication, the construction of an international communication network model of short videos combining KOIS-PN and AT-BiLSTM. The international short video communication network is constructed according to the key objective index system of international short video, and the key objective index system is used as nodes in the communication network, and the short video communication network is constructed by hierarchical relationship. Thirdly, the performance of the core theoretical model proposed in this paper is verified. The experimental results show that, the KOISPN-ATBiLSTM international communication network model of short videos has certain validity and advancement.

Off-plane technique ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis via anterior approach: short communication.

The pericardiocentesis procedure is common, often performed via the subxiphoid approach, although other transthoracic approaches have been described. This short communication describes an off-plane technique ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis using an anterior approach, performed using a linear transducer and guided in real-time by ultrasound, offering the advantage of continuous needle tracking to reduce complications associated with this approach such as pneumothorax, inadvertent cardiac puncture, and injury to the left internal mammary artery (LIMA).

Experimental study on natural convection from vertical cylinders with perforated plate fins

In this short communication, an experimental investigation on vertical cylinders with perforated plate fins under natural convection is conducted using sixteen finned cylinders of different configurations. Experiments are carried out to measure the heat dissipation from perforated-finned cylinders for various perforation diameters, fin numbers, and temperature differences between the base and surroundings. Based on the experimental results, correlations to predict the Nusselt number are proposed. Utilizing the proposed correlation, a thermal model capable of predicting the thermal performance of the perforated-finned cylinder with a prediction error within 10% is developed. By applying this thermal model, it is shown that the thermal performance of vertical cylinders with plate fins can be improved by 13% through perforation.

Infant versus noninfant formulas and cow's milk: Transition based on age or weight?

Infant formulas are meant to be used until 1 year of age, at which point children are transitioned to non-infant formulas or cow's milk, depending on their remaining dietary intake. Noninfant formulas and cow's milk are appropriate for children who have an average weight at that 1-year mark (9-9.5 kg); however, can contribute significant protein and/or electrolytes to children who are underweight for age, particularly if they still rely heavily on formula feeding for their caloric intake. In this short communication, we present several cases of patients who received excessive amounts of nutrients for age following the formula transition at the 1-year mark. We also provide recommendations for clinicians to consider when faced with underweight infants who are meant to be transitioning off infant formulas.

Short communication: Goat mastitis and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)

Mastitis, an inflammation of the mammary gland affecting milk production and quality in dairy herds, is often associated with Staphylococcus spp. in goats. Neutrophils are crucial in combating infections by migrating into milk and deploying various defense strategies, including the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) composed of DNA, histones, and bactericidal proteins. This study investigated whether NETs are released by goat neutrophils stimulated in vitro by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus warneri, two common pathogens of goat mastitis. PMNs were isolated from blood from healthy adult goats. We evaluated goat NET formation by stimulating cells with: phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) as a positive control, cytochalasin for inhibition of actin polymerization, S. aureus, and S. warneri. NET formation was observed in response to chemical stimulation and bacterial presence, effectively trapping pathogens. Variations in NET formation between S. aureus and S. warneri suggest pathogen-specific responses. These findings suggest that the formation of NETs may be an important complementary mechanism in the defense against mastitis in goats. In conclusion, this study unveils a novel defense mechanism in goats, indicating the role of NETs against S. aureus and S. warneri in mastitis.

¿Podrían las nuevas propuestas regulatorias de la UE en materia de fitomejoramiento comprometer la innovación? Entre las expectativas generadas por la propuesta sobre Nuevas Técnicas Genómicas y el sinsentido de la propuesta sobre Material de Reproducción

The European Commission new regulatory proposals on new genome-edited plants and on plant reproductive material are set to revolutionize plant breeding and agriculture in the EU. This short communication analyzes the main features of such proposals with respect to the current regulatory frameworks in the EU, and discusses their foreseeable impact on European plant breeding innovation and agriculture. While there is no denying the potential advantages that the proposal on new genome-edited plants might bring, the proposed regulation is also complex and ambiguous, a matter already acknowledged by the specialized literature, and about which even some of the strongest advocates of the proposed regulation appear to show a certain degree of concern. If this is not corrected, the successful implementation of the proposal could be compromised. The proposal on plant reproductive material threatens to create new and probably unnecessary burdens for European plant breeders, farmers, and end consumers. Addressing the identified issues in the proposal on genome-edited plants, and drafting a new proposal on plant reproductive material aiming at reducing inefficiencies is suggested. Received: 21.12.2023Accepted: 10.05.2024

Marine connectivity conservation: Guidance for MPA and MPA network design and management

The importance of considering ecological connectivity in the design of marine protected areas (MPAs) and ecologically coherent networks of protected areas across coasts and oceans has risen in prominence with the 2022 Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. This short communication highlights key messages emerging from a specialist conference session on marine connectivity by members of the IUCN-WCPA Marine Connectivity Working Group at the Fifth International Marine Protected Areas Congress (IMPAC5) in Vancouver in 2023. We consider the importance of spatial and temporal scale, knowledge and data gaps and some of the technological and scientific advances that are generating insights into species movements that can inform the ecologically meaningful design of protected areas for effective conservation of ecosystem integrity, biodiversity and the flow of ecosystem services.

Short Communication: Understanding the Barriers to Cervical Cancer Prevention and HPV Vaccination in Saudi Arabia.

Cervical cancer, along with other sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) conditions, poses a significant burden in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Despite the availability of effective preventive methods such as vaccinations, particularly against the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), awareness about such preventive methods and HPV vaccination remains alarmingly low in the KSA, even with governmental effort and support. While many women are aware of the risks, the uptake of the HPV vaccine remains below 10% (7.6%) at the country level. This highlights the urgent need for Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) at the community level to raise awareness, dispel misconceptions, and empower women to embrace vaccinations. Additionally, there is a need to revitalize the cancer registry system to better track and monitor cervical cancer cases. This short communication aims to map these barriers while identifying opportunities for impactful research. Drawing from the scientific literature, government reports, and expert insights, we highlight the challenges surrounding the tackling of HPV. By exploring diverse sources of knowledge, this paper not only highlights current obstacles but also proposes actionable solutions for future interventions.

Novel Strategy of Local Infiltration Anaesthesia for Cyst Removal.

Abstract is missing (Short communication)

Vehicle to Vehicle Communication with Collision Detection and Warning

Vehicle-to-vehicle communication is a technology that enables communication among automobiles in motion. It permits vehicles to communicate information like speed and position with one another. Short-range dedicated communication is used for the communication. Drivers can be made aware of potential hazards by exchanging information with neighboring vehicles. Vehicle-to-vehicle communication can encounter a number of issues, including network congestion, system cost, and the legal and regulatory environment, as well as security and privacy concerns. Cellular network improvements including the rollout of 5G have also been made. The way things are now, problems like cost and congestion are addressed. The existing system makes plans to address issues like cost and congestion. To address the main issues with vehicle- to-vehicle communication, it comprises of a basic system design with little hardware and connectivity. Key Words: Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication, short range communication, accidents, road safety, collision avoidance, warnings.

STEP-BY-STEP SYSTEM FOR DENTAL CERAMIC AESTHETIC REHABILITATION OF ANTERIOR TEETH

Stratification in dental ceramics is an essential technique for creating aesthetic and functional dental restorations that accurately mimic the appearance and properties of natural teeth. It requires a deep understanding of the materials used and technical skills to ensure high-quality results. This study aims to describe an extensive rehabilitation protocol, through a short communication, the step-by-step process of the stratification technique. The goal is to explore the different techniques for fabricating ceramic restorations, with a special focus on the stratification technique, reviewing its processing methods and highlighting the advantages and challenges associated with this approach.