Short Beam Research Articles

Environmental effects on the strength and impact damage resistance of alumina based oxide/oxide ceramic matrix composites

In this study the effects of high temperature and moisture on the impact damage resistance and mechanical strength of Nextel 610/alumina silicate ceramic matrix composites were experimentally evaluated. Composite laminates were exposed to either a 1050°C isothermal furnace-based environment for 30 consecutive days at 6 h a day, or 95% relative humidity environment for 13 consecutive days at 67°C. Low velocity impact, tensile and short beam strength tests were performed on both ambient and environmentally conditioned laminates and damage was characterized using a combination of non-destructive and destructive techniques. High temperature and humidity environmental exposure adversely affected the impact resistance of the composite laminates. For all the environments, planar internal damage area was greater than the back side dent area, which in turn was greater than the impactor side dent area. Evidence of environmental embrittlement through a stiffer tensile response was noted for the high temperature exposed laminates while the short beam strength tests showed greater propensity for interlaminar shear failure in the moisture exposed laminates. Destructive evaluations exposed larger, more pronounced delaminations in the environmentally conditioned laminates in comparison to the ambient ones. External damage metrics of the impactor side dent depth and area directly influenced the post-impact tensile strength of the laminates while no such trend between internal damage area and residual strength could be ascertained.

The Effect of Long Term Hygrothermal Aging by Immersion on Carbon/Epoxy Composites Exposed to the Heat Sources for Naval and Marine Applications

Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites have many advantages over conventional materials in terms of high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios, design flexibility and enhanced service life. Due to these advantages, FRP composites are used in many different fields such as Construction, Electric/power generation, Marine, Corrosion/infrastructure, transportation and so on. Most researches of FRP composites were focused on the applications used in ground field. However, in Navy, marine composite materials are increasingly being used in diverse applications: Submarine, Autonomous Underwater vehicle, Unmanned Surface vehicle and Payloads in Naval vessel. It is known that polymer composites are very sensitive and are friendly to water or moisture in any forms. Moisture in polymer composites often causes degradation by swelling and hydrolysis. Especially, if polymer composites will be immersed in water and seawater, faster degradation can be caused by water uptake than any other moisture environments. While general investigations regarding water uptake are concentrated on the composite materials cured in ambient temperature, the immersion effects of polymer composites exposed to elevated temperatures were studied because underwater applications of composite materials can be exposed to the various heat sources. For example, fires on naval vessels and underwater vehicles can be started by any number of causes such as electrical faults and ignition of flammable gases or liquids. Accordingly, immersion effects must be studied on marine composite materials exposed to various temperatures in order to evaluate service life in an underwater environment. This study investigated the water uptake, diffusion coefficient, and Short beam shear (SBS) for Interlaminar Shear Strength(ILSS), delamination between fiber and resin using test specimens exposed to the elevated temperatures. The specimens were immersed for a definite period of time (~one and a half years) in seawater and deionized water (DI water) to compare both degradation mechanisms.

Effect of receptors on the resonant and transient harmonic vibrations of Coronavirus

The paper is concerned with the vibration characteristics of the Coronavirus family. There are some 25–100 receptors, commonly called spikes protruding from the envelope shell of the virus. Spikes, resembling the shape of a hot air balloon, may have a total mass similar to the mass of the lipid bi-layer shell. The lipid proteins of the virus are treated as homogeneous elastic material and the problem is formulated as the interaction of thin elastic shell with discrete masses, modeled as short conical cross-sectional beams. The system is subjected to ultrasonic excitation. Using the methods of structural acoustics, it is shown that the scattered pressure is very small and the pressure on the viral shell is simply the incident pressure. The modal analysis is performed for a bare shell, a single spike, and the spike-decorated shell. The predicted vibration frequencies and modes are shown to compare well with the newly derived closed-form solutions for a single spike and existing analytical solutions for thin shells. The fully nonlinear dynamic simulation of the transient response revealed the true character of the complex interaction between local vibration of spikes and global vibration of the multi-degree-of-freedom system. It was shown that harmonic vibration at or below the lowest resonant modes can excite large amplitude vibration of spikes. The associated maximum principal strain in a spike can reach large values in a fraction of a millisecond. Implications for possible tearing off spikes from the shell are discussed. Another important result is that after a finite number of cycles, the shell buckles and collapses, developing internal contacts and folds with large curvatures and strains exceeding 10%. For the geometry and elastic properties of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, these effects are present in the range of frequencies close to the ones used for medical ultrasound diagnostics.

The effect of resin-rich layers on mechanical properties of 3D printed woven fiber-reinforced composites

Composites for aerospace and automotive industries trend towards maximizing fiber volume fraction. In such applications, the design criteria typically maximize material stiffness with little concern for strength, and elongation at break. However, several fiber-composite applications would benefit from improved strength, and elongation at break. Given typical manufacturing constraints, limited success has been reported on maximizing composite properties imparted by the matrix, such as strength and toughness. Select studies have shown that inclusion of neat resin layer spacing between composite layers, referred to as resin-rich layers (RRL), lead to significant improvements in Mode II interlaminar toughness. Additive manufacturing offers a useful platform for manufacturing parts with controlled RRL and composite layer placement. In this study, we present a novel method for the fabrication of woven glass fiber reinforced composites with controlled RRLs using a 3D vat polymerization technique. We utilize a plain woven glass fiber mats and a novel methacrylated resin (DA-2) that allows for fiber mat incorporation during printing. The goal of this study is to determine the effects of RRL thickness on mechanical properties. Laminated composites are produced with controlled RRL thickness in the range of 0–200 µm. The printed laminates are tested for tensile, flexure, short beam shear, Mode I, and Mode II interlaminar properties. Overall, RRL does not show improved in-plane or out-of-plane performance for the chosen materials. However, the observed trends in interlaminar toughness are shown to strongly depend on the resin properties, namely the resin’s plastic zone size. We conclude that the resin plastic zone size is a key resin property that determines whether improved toughness and strength are achieved with the presence of RRLs.

The Adhesion of Plasma Nanocoatings Controls the Shear Properties of GF/Polyester Composite.

High-performance fibre-reinforced polymer composites are important construction materials based not only on the specific properties of the reinforcing fibres and the flexible polymer matrix but also on the compatible properties of the composite interphase. First, oxygen-free (a-CSi:H) and oxygen-binding (a-CSiO:H) plasma nanocoatings of different mechanical and tribological properties were deposited on planar silicon dioxide substrates that closely mimic E-glass. The nanoscratch test was used to characterize the nanocoating adhesion expressed in terms of critical normal load and work of adhesion. Next, the same nanocoatings were deposited on E-glass fibres, which were used as reinforcements in the polyester composite to affect its interphase properties. The shear properties of the polymer composite were characterized by macro- and micromechanical tests, namely a short beam shear test to determine the short-beam strength and a single fibre push-out test to determine the interfacial shear strength. The results of the polymer composites showed a strong correlation between the short-beam strength and the interfacial shear strength, proving that both tests are sensitive to changes in fibre-matrix adhesion due to different surface modifications of glass fibres (GF). Finally, a strong correlation between the shear properties of the GF/polyester composite and the adhesion of the plasma nanocoating expressed through the work of adhesion was demonstrated. Thus, increasing the work of adhesion of plasma nanocoatings from 0.8 to 1.5 mJ·m−2 increased the short-beam strength from 23.1 to 45.2 MPa. The results confirmed that the work of adhesion is a more suitable parameter in characterising the level of nanocoating adhesion in comparison with the critical normal load.

Development of an integrated sacrificial sensor for damage detection and monitoring in composite materials and adhesively bonded joints

Quality assurance of adhesively bonded joints is of vital importance if their benefits are to be exploited across a wide range of industrial applications. A novel lightweight, low-cost, non-invasive embedded sacrificial sensor is proposed, capable of detecting damage within an adhesively bonded joint, which could also be used in a laminated composite structure. The sensor operation uses changes in electrical resistance, increasing as the sensing material area diminishes with damage progression. Initial tests prove the sensor concept by showing that the electrical resistance of the sensor increases proportionally with material removal, mimicking the sensor operation. Thermography is used to verify the current flow through the sensor and that any localised heating caused by the sensor is minimal. Short beam interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) tests show that embedding sensors in a composite laminates did not cause a reduction in material interfacial structural performance. Finally, the in situ performance of the sensor is demonstrated in quasi-static tensile tests to failure of adhesively bonded single lap joints (SLJs) with sensors embedded in the bond line. Prior to crack initiation, an electrical response occurs that correlates with increasing applied load, suggesting scope for secondary uses of the sensor for load monitoring and cycle counting. Crack initiation is accompanied by a rapid increase in electrical resistance, providing an indication of failure ahead of crack propagation and an opportunity for timely repair. As the crack damage propagated, the electrical response of the sensor increased proportionally. The effect of the sensor on the overall structural performance was assessed by comparing the failure load of joints with and without the embedded sensor with no measurable difference in ultimate strength. The research presented in the article serves as an important first step in developing a simple yet promising new technology for structural health monitoring with numerous potential applications.

Phase-microstructure-mechanical properties relationship of carbon fiber reinforced ionic liquid epoxy composites

The effect of liquid phases on the mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced composites (CFRP) is still unclear. In this study, various mass percentages of ionic liquid have been incorporated into epoxy resins and used to fabricate CFRPs. A brittle-ductile transition is demonstrated in tensile behavior of the CFRPs, accompanied by the change of failure mechanisms among fiber breakage, a combination of fiber breakage, splitting and delamination, and delamination. These ionic liquid-induced behavior change arouses our enormous interest in investigating the microstructure change of CFRP. On one hand, ionic liquid leads to microstructural transformation of the epoxy-ionic liquid mixtures. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) characterizations help to confirm one transition from one phase (ionic liquid confined within epoxy network) to two phases (separate ionic liquid and epoxy phase) in the matrices at the critical mass percentage of 35 wt%. On the other hand, the interfacial bonding strength and effective bonding area of matrix to carbon fibers are decreased, as confirmed by the decrease of short beam strength with the increase of ionic liquid. This work presents a representative example of the systematic analysis of the modified CFRP, which lays good foundations for the optimization of structural electrolytes for structural power composites.

Evaluating Load-Carrying Capacity of Short Composite Beam Using Strain-Hardening HPFRC

The main goal of this study was to develop the short composite beams using strain-hardening fiber-reinforced concrete (S_HPFRC) and conventional concrete (CC) together. Firstly, the sensitivity of the hybrid fiber system to the enhancement of mechanical properties of plain high performance concrete (P_mortar) was experimentally studied. The ranking of the mechanical properties in terms of sensitive coefficient was observed as follows: direct tensile > splitting tensile > compressive. Next, the responses of short composite beams with various thicknesses of S_HPFRC were investigated under a three-point bending test (3PBT). Six beams with no reinforcement (type A) and six beams with reinforcement were tested (type B) with their identical dimensions of 150 × 150 × 300 mm (depth × width × span length). The compressive strength of S_HPFRC and CC were about 80.65 MPa and 21.12 MPa, respectively. Most of the composite beams were observed to fail in shear mode. And, there was a favorable effect on enhancing the load-carrying capacity of a beam as S_HPFRC was placed at a critical tensile zone. Finally, based on the test data, the analytical equations were proposed for the purpose of predicting shear resistance of the S_HPFRC — CC beam.

Dynamical shakedown analysis of high-rise tower structure

PurposeHigh-rise tower structures supported by side frame structure and viscous damper in chemical industry can produce plasticity under dynamic loads, such as wind and earthquake, which will heavily influence the long-term safety operation. This paper aims to systematically study the optimization design of these structures by free vibration and dynamic shakedown analysis.Design/methodology/approachThe transfer matrix method and Euler–Bernoulli beam vibration are used to study the free vibration characteristic of the simplified high-rise tower structure. Then the extended stress compensation method is used to construct the self-equilibrated stress by using the dynamic load vertexes and the lower bound dynamic shakedown analysis for the structure with viscous damper. Using the proposed method, comprehensive parametric studies and optimization are performed to examine the shakedown load of high-rise tower with various supported conditions.FindingsThe numerical results show that the supported frame stiffness, attached damper or spring parameters influence the free vibration and shakedown characters of high-rise tower very much. The dynamic shakedown load is lowered down quickly with external load frequency increasing to the fundamental natural frequency of the structure under spring supported condition, while changed little with the damping connection. The optimized location and parameter of support are obtained under dynamical excitations.Research limitations/implicationsIn this study, the high-rise tower structure is simplified as a cantilever beam supported by a short cantilever beam and a damper under repeated dynamic load, and linear elasticity for solid is assumed for free vibration analysis. The current analysis does not account for effects such as large deformation, stochastic external load and nonlinear vibration conditions which will inevitably be encountered and affect the load capacity.Originality/valueThis study provides a comprehensive method for the dynamical optimization of high-rise tower structure by combining free vibration and shakedown analysis.

Flexural and Inter- Laminar Shear Strength of Glass/Carbon Fabric Reinforced Composite

Polymer composites are reinforced with synthetic fibres like aramid, glass and carbon give more benifits like advantages of low in weight, higher stiffness and greater strength, because of this polymer composite are widely used. This research is aimed to estimate the FS and ILSS of glass fabric and carbon fabric composite. In this recent study, the effects of fabric laminate sequence of glass fabric and carbon fabric have been investigated by the test namely Short beam shear (SBS) test. SEM evaluations are carried out to -study the mechanism of failure. The laminates were fabricated by the hand lay-up method. The fabrication and also the evaluation of specimen are according to the standards’ of ASTM. Here the results indicates the ILSS & FS values are greater for carbon fabric reinforced composite when compared to glass fabric reinforced composite.

Effect of thermal bonding layers on interlaminar shear strength of laminated composites

In this paper, the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of laminated composites with thermal bonding layers was measured by short beam shear (SBS) method to evaluate the effect of different contents of thermal bonding layers on the properties of laminated composites. It is characterized by using a certain interlacing law to lay the thermal bonding fibers into a regular mesh layer. By placing the thermal bonding layers between carbon fabrics, the two adjacent carbon fabrics can be bonded together by the thermal bonding layers through hot-press actions to help achieve overall integrity of preform with complex structure. This kind of special thermal bonding layers is prepared using thermoplastic nylon fiber (TPNF) with a low melting point. The thermal bonding layers were prepared with five different contents (2.08%, 4.17%, 6.25%, 8.33% and 10.42%) of TPNF. The resin transfer molding (RTM) process was used to prepare the laminated composites with thermal bonding layers. And the laminated composites without TPNF (0%) were also prepared as control group. Furthermore, the SBS test was conducted at room temperature. The experimental results show that the content of TPNF has a certain effect on the interlaminar properties of laminated composites, and 2.08% of TPNF increased the ILSS, indicating that proper addition of thermal bonding layer can not only help to achieve overall integrity of complex geometry shape preform, but also improve interlaminar properties of composites.

Experimental plasma maser as a broadband noise amplifier. II. Short pulse

This paper presents an experimental plasma maser driven by a 2-ns long, high-current electron beam with a typical particles energy of 270 ± 10 keV, a pulsed power of 450 ± 30 MW, and a total energy of 0.85 ± 0.03 J. Tunable plasma characteristics define variations in the spectral maxima of excited high-power microwaves in the range from 3 to 25 GHz. The short beam current pulse has provided the device operation in the mode of a noise amplification with the energy efficiency of 26% ± 3%, mean microwave power over the beam current pulse of 117 ± 10 MW, and an instant (peak) power of up to 430 ± 30 MW.

On Computational Solution of the Dynamic and Static Behaviour of a Coupled Thermoelastic Timoshenko Beam

The Timoshenko beam theory caters for transverse shear deformations, which are more pronounced in short beams. Previous works were examined, and Hamilton’s principle was used in deriving the governing equation. This research considers two dimensions (2-D): heat and displacement response. A more comprehensive mathematical expression that incorporates this 2-D model on the vibration of a coupled Timoshenko thermoelastic beam and axial deformation effect is formulated. The significance of this model will be expressed through its finite element method (FEM) formulation. The results compared favourably with those of previous works. It was re-established that the amplitude of deflections, as well as cross-sectional rotations, increases considerably as the aspect ratio of the beam decreases. In this way, for larger aspect ratios, the response of the beam is like the quasi-static heating condition. This is expected since the increase in the aspect ratio of the beam reduces its structural stiffness and consequently its natural frequencies. So, the amplitude and temporal period of its vibrations become greater. The beam under the applied thermal loading experiences thermally-induced vibrations. Also, the dynamic solution is substantially influenced by the coupling between strain and temperature fields. The results also reveal that the aspect ratio of the beam could have a significant impact on the vibratory response of the beam. Specifically, it is proportional to the amplitude and temporal period of the thermally-induced vibrations of the beam.

Thermal Shock Behavior of Twill Woven Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

In the current research, the effect of cyclic temperature variation on the mechanical and thermal properties of woven carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites was investigated. To this, carbon fiber textiles in twill 2/2 pattern were used as reinforced phase in epoxy, and CFRPs were fabricated by vacuum-assisted resin-infusion molding (VARIM) method. Thermal cycling process was carried out between −40 and +120 °C for 20, 40, 60 and 80 cycles, in order to evaluate the effect of thermal cycling on mechanical and thermal properties of CFRP specimens. In this regard, tensile, bending and short beam shear (SBS) experiments were carried out, to obtain modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, flexural modulus, flexural strength and inter-laminar shear strength (ILSS) at room temperature (RT), and then thermal treated composites were compared. A dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) test was carried out to obtain thermal properties, and viscoelastic properties, such as storage modulus (E’), loss modulus (E”) and loss factors (tan δ), were evaluated. It was observed that the characteristics of composites were affected by thermal cycling due to post-curing at a high temperature. This process worked to crosslink and improve the composite behavior or degrade it due to the different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of composite components. The response of composites to the thermal cycling process was determined by the interaction of these phenomena. Based on SEM observations, the delamination, fiber pull-out and bundle breakage were the dominant fracture modes in tensile-tested specimens.

Innovation and future of mining rock mechanics

The 121 mining method of longwall mining first proposed in England has been widely used around the world. This method requires excavation of two mining roadways and reservation of one coal pillar to mine one working face. Due to considerable excavation of roadway, the mining roadway is generally destroyed during coal mining. The stress concentration in the coal pillar can cause large deformation of surrounding rocks, rockbursts and other disasters, and subsequently a large volume of coal pillar resources will be wasted. To improve the coal recovery rate and reduce excavation of the mining roadway, the 111 mining method of longwall mining was proposed in the former Soviet Union based on the 121 mining method. The 111 mining method requires excavation of one mining roadway and setting one filling body to replace the coal pillar while maintaining another mining roadway to mine one working face. However, because the stress transfer structure of roadway and working face roof has not changed, the problem of stress concentration in the surrounding rocks of roadway has not been well solved. To solve the above problems, the conventional concept utilizing high-strength support to resist the mining pressure for the 121 and 111 mining methods should be updated. The idea is to utilize mining pressure and expansion characteristics of the collapsed rock mass in the goaf to automatically form roadways, avoiding roadway excavation and waste of coal pillar. Based on the basic principles of mining rock mechanics, the “equilibrium mining” theory and the “short cantilever beam” mechanical model are proposed. Key technologies, such as roof directional presplitting technology, negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) high-prestress constant-resistance support technology, and gangue blocking support technology, are developed following the “equilibrium mining” theory. Accordingly, the 110 and N00 mining methods of an automatically formed roadway (AFR) by roof cutting and pressure releasing without pillars are proposed. The mining methods have been applied to a large number of coal mines with different overburdens, coal seam thicknesses, roof types and gases in China, realizing the integrated mode of coal mining and roadway retaining. On this basis, in view of the complex geological conditions and intelligent mining demand of coal mines, an intelligent and unmanned development direction of the “equilibrium mining” method is prospected.

Electrical conductivity enhancement of transparent silver nanowire films on temperature-sensitive flexible substrates using intense pulsed ion beam

Silver nanowire (AgNW) networks have attracted particular attention as transparent conductive films (TCF) due to their high conductivity, flexibility, transparency, and large scale processing compatible synthesis. As-prepared AgNW percolating networks typically suffer from high contact resistance, requiring additional post-synthetic processing. In this report, large area irradiation with 200 ns short intense pulsed ion beam (IPIB) was used to anneal and enhance the conductivity of AgNW network, deposited on temperature-sensitive polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. A TCF sheet resistance shows irradiation dose dependence, decreasing by four orders of magnitude and reaching a value of 70 Ω/sq without damaging the polymer substrate, which retained a transparency of 94%. The IPIB irradiation fused AgNW network into the PET substrate, resulting in a great adhesion enhancement. Heat transfer simulations show that the heat originates at the near-surface layer of the TCF and lasts an ultra-short period of time. Obtained experimental and simulation results indicate that the irradiation with IPIBs opens new perspectives in the low-temperature annealing of nanomaterials deposited on temperature-sensitive substrates.

Equivalent viscous damping for linked column steel frame structures

Linked column steel frame system (LCF) is a new lateral-gravity resisting system aimed at reducing the time and costs of repairs after a seismic event. The performance objectives of this system are highly dependent on the deformations and the sequences at which fuses are formed in the structure. Therefore, in order to meet the performance objectives of this system, using a performance-based design method (e.g. the direct displacement-based design (DDBD) method), that directly controls the structural response would be useful. In the DDBD method, the equivalent viscous damping (EVD) is an important parameter which represents the energy dissipation of a structure due to its nonlinear (hysteretic) behavior. In the literature, there are some EVD expressions for conventional structural systems; however, no expression has been given for the LCF system, yet. The purpose of this study is to develop some reliable EVD expressions for the LCF systems by investigating the nonlinear behavior of 20 single-story frame samples of different configurations with variable link beam lengths. To this end, the EVD of the frames was calculated based on their hysteretic response loops under cyclic loading. Furthermore, the EVD values was calibrated using the inelastic time-history dynamic analysis of the frames under 10 spectrum-compatible earthquake records to propose some new EVD expressions for the LCF systems with short and long link beams. The results indicate that the EVD expressions available in the literature are very conservative for the LCF systems with short link beams.

Influence of the Modulus of Elasticity of CFRPs on the Compressive Behavior of Confined Test Pieces and on the Flexural Behavior of Short Concrete Beams

In this study, we compare the behavior of confined compression-tested concrete test pieces and short concrete beams subjected to three-point flexural strength testing when they are reinforced with high-modulus, high-strength carbon fibers reinforced polymers (CFRP). The fabrics used have roughly the same mechanical capacity but very different rigidities. As such, the results make it possible to obtain the influence of the rigidity of the CFRP on the structural behavior of the elements tested. The results obtained show that the type of fabric used does not cause significant differences in the values of tension of rupture and the form of rupture of the test pieces subjected to compression and flexural strength testing, which suggests that the variable which determines the mechanical response of the elements which have been reinforced and subjected to these kinds of demands is the mechanical capacity of the reinforcement, not its rigidity.

Experimental investigation into stamping of woven CF/PP laminates: Influences of molding temperature on thermal, mesoscopic and macroscopic properties

This study aimed to investigate the influences of stamping temperature (or molding temperature) on thermal properties of matrix, mesoscopic structures of fabric and effective macroscopic mechanical properties of composite materials through experimental characterization. The plain woven carbon fiber/polypropylene composite laminates were prepared by hot stamping at 190 °C, 220 °C and 250 °C, respectively. Thermal study was performed using differential scanning calorimeter and thermogravimetric analysis. The mesoscopic properties were characterized through microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Tensile test and short beam shear test were conducted to evaluate macroscopic properties of the material. Effects of fabric structure on the crack initiation and propagation as well as local strain concentration of thermoplastic composite were investigated in detail using digital image correlation (DIC) technique. Relationships of process parameters, thermal characteristics, mesoscopic fabric structures and macroscopic mechanical properties of the carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene (CF/PP) materials were explored under different stamping temperatures. The experimental results revealed that with increase in processing temperature, the crystallinity of polypropylene (PP) matrix increased, and the interfacial adhesion between fiber and resin became strong, leading to increase in tensile modulus. Due to the change of resin viscosity, the aspect ratio, crimp angle and gap size of the fiber bundles also vary. The interfacial debonding was a main failure mode in CF/PP composites. This study is anticipated to provide fundamental understanding in how to tailor effective properties of composites through manufacturing process.

Core and panel types affect the mechanical properties and failure modes of the wood-based XX-type lattice sandwich structure

Composite lattice sandwich structures have the characteristics of light weight and high strength. In this study, a wood-based XX-type lattice sandwich structure was fabricated by a type of insertion-glue method, using wood-plastic composites (WPC) and oriented strand boards (OSB) as panels, and birch and glass-fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) as cores. The mechanical properties and failure modes of the wood-based XX-type lattice sandwich structure were examined by an out-of-plane compressive test, a short beam shear test and their corresponding analytical models. Analytical models and failure modes were used to find the optimal mechanical properties of the wood-based XX-type lattice sandwich structure combination. The results from the out-of-plane compressive test and the analytical model showed that the failure modes of the combination of WPC + GFRP and OSB + GFRP were primarily panel failures, while the failure modes of the combination of WPC + birch and OSB + birch were primarily core shear failures. The specific strength and modulus of the structures built by the combination of OSB + GFRP were larger, which are more in line with their characteristics of light weight and strong strength. The short beam shear properties of the combination of OSB + birch were better, and the failure modes were lamination and core breakage. Thus, the overall short beam shear property of the combination of OSB + birch was better than that of the combination of WPC + GFRP, and the combination of OSB + birch was more suitable for the short beam shear theoretical model.