Shared Characteristics Research Articles

Anther and pollen development and their relevance in delimiting the Neotropical species of the Malveae tribe (Malvaceae).

In modern high-performance computing (HPC) and large-scale data processing environments, the efficient utilization and scalability of memory resources are critical determinants of overall system performance. Architectures such as non-uniform memory access (NUMA) and tiered memory systems frequently suffer performance degradation due to remote accesses stemming from shared data among multiple tasks. This paper proposes LACX, a shared data migration technique leveraging Compute Express Link (CXL), to address these challenges. LACX preserves the migration cycle of automatic NUMA balancing (AutoNUMA) while identifying shared data characteristics and migrating such data to CXL memory instead of DRAM, thereby maximizing DRAM locality. The proposed method utilizes existing kernel structures and data to efficiently identify and manage shared data without incurring additional overhead, and it effectively avoids conflicts with AutoNUMA policies. Evaluation results demonstrate that, although remote accesses to shared data can degrade performance in low-tier memory scenarios, LACX significantly improves overall memory bandwidth utilization and system performance in high-tier memory and memory-intensive workload environments by distributing DRAM bandwidth. This work presents a practical, lightweight approach to shared data management in tiered memory environments and highlights new directions for next-generation memory management policies.

Background This paper explores the application of digital humanities tools and methodologies to verify, qualify and extend the findings of traditional (close reading) literary criticism about Greek interwar poetry from a quantitative viewpoint. Method The research uses Voyant Tools ( http://voyant-tools.org ), an open access, web-based text analysis environment to examine a corpus of over 600 poems by eight Greek interwar poets—namely, Karyotakis, Polydouri, Lapathiotis, Agras, Giofyllis, Filyras, Ouranis, and Papanikolaou—, both as a whole and through comparison among the poets. It uses word frequencies (WF), visualizations, as well as an analysis of collocates and contexts (CA) of frequent and/or significant words; it also discusses vocabulary density (VD) and average words per sentence (AWpS). Results "Soul," "heart" and "eyes" rank highly in WF revealing the lyrical character of these post-symbolist works. Their melancholic mood is shown through the predominance of autumn and winter over spring and summer, as well as the outnumbering of night settings over daytime scenes. CA reveals that the melancholic mood is enhanced through the negation of positive terms, such as joy and light. The analysis of other thematic axes through WF and CA shows poetry presented not as high art but as lyrical expression, as well as the prominence of small-scale urban settings and enclosed spaces. WF and CA also uncovers individual differences between poets (e.g. Polydouri's emphasis on heart and love, Karyotakis's preoccupation with observation and gaze, as well as a characteristic discrepancy in his use of ‘I’ and ‘you’, Filyras's traditional use of simile, and Papanikolaou's modernist tendencies). VD and AWpS further highlight the poets’ respective styles. Conclusions The findings provide quantitative support for existing literary criticism and offer some new insights into both the shared characteristics and distinctive features of Greek interwar poets.

ABSTRACT Using a quasi-experimental study we examine the effects of similarity-matching, or matching on shared background characteristics, between incoming college students (N = 2072) and their peer mentors, on academic, well-being, relationship, and application engagement outcomes. Hierarchical Linear Modeling and Multiple Linear Regression were used to analyze data leveraged from a university-wide technology-enabled peer mentoring program for incoming first-year students. When examining the effect of each type of similarity matching, we found that matching on international status predicted higher engagement. We also found that matching on race on predicted higher GPA while matching on first generation or international status predicted lower GPA. Effect sizes across these findings were large (f = 0.41–0.80). When comparing matched to unmatched mentees within groups we had a range of findings, including that matched male mentees had higher engagement and self-efficacy, matched first generation students had higher engagement and belongingness, and matched international students had higher engagement. Findings provide conflicting evidence for the associated between similarity-matching and a range of mentee outcomes, and provide considerations for programs engaging in similarity-matching practices.

Category learning involves grouping items based on their shared characteristics or a shared association. Despite being important for individuals of all ages, there is little research on how older age affects category learning and generalization. Moreover, there is no research, to date, on the extent to which individuals tend to adopt the same categorization strategy across different to-be-learned categories. In this study, healthy young (aged 18-30, n = 77) and older adults (aged 60+, n = 74) completed two categorization tasks in separate sessions approximately 48 hr apart, with the category structures remaining constant across sessions but the stimuli differing. We compared categorization accuracy and prototype, exemplar, and unidimensional rule model fits across age groups and across sessions. In both sessions, there was an age deficit specific to learning items near the category boundary. Despite differences during learning, there were no significant age differences in generalization performance. Fitting formal categorization models revealed a comparable proportion of young and older adults best fit by the prototype model overall, but a continuous measure of prototype model fit advantage showed higher correlation across sessions in older compared to young adults. Together, these findings show that older adults consistently rely on typical training items to learn categories and are more stable in their prototype strategy use than young adults, which can be effective in supporting generalization performance at young adult levels. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Abstract By closely examining a series of productions of Beckett’s theatre, through the critical lens of literary and theatre studies, supplemented with a legal perspective, this introduction highlights the central concerns of this issue of Samuel Beckett Today/Aujourd’hui . It aims to understand how the reception of Beckett’s theatre in Central Europe sheds light both on the singular trajectories within individual countries and on the shared characteristics specific to this geographical and cultural area.

Patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) have a high residual risk for heart failure hospitalizations and cardiovascular death. We aimed to use multimodality data to identify unique HFrEF subgroups with high residual risk. In this VICTORIA substudy (Vericiguat Global Study in Subjects With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction), clinical, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, quantitative biomarker, and targeted proteomics data were collected. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering was performed using 105 variables to define HFrEF phenogroups. Cox regression estimated the relationship between the HFrEF phenogroups and the primary composite outcome of cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalization. External validation of the phenogroups was performed in the BIOSTAT-CHF cohort (Biology Study to Tailored Treatment in Chronic Heart Failure). Multinomial logistic regression identified the most important variables in defining the HFrEF phenogroups. There were 564 participants; after clustering, the optimal number of HFrEF phenogroups was 3. Phenogroup 1 was young, well-treated with guideline-directed medical therapy, and least likely to have an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Phenogroup 2 had the highest prevalence of atrial fibrillation and pathological Q-waves on electrocardiography. Phenogroup 3 was older, had more biventricular dysfunction, and had advanced renal disease. A stepwise increase in risk of the primary composite outcome was observed from HFrEF phenogroup 1 to 3 (hazard ratio, 7.0 [95% CI, 4.1-12.0]; P≤0.01). The phenogroups were externally validated in BIOSTAT-CHF, and phenogroup 3 had similar patient characteristics (eg, older with more significant renal dysfunction) and had the highest event rate at 1 year (41% [95% CI, 38-45]). After multinomial regression, GDF-15 (growth differentiation factor 15) was most important in discriminating the 3 HFrEF phenogroups in both VICTORIA and BIOSTAT-CHF. We identified and externally validated unique HFrEF subpopulations with shared biological characteristics that differentiated residual risk for cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalization. GDF-15 was the most important protein used to distinguish the 3 HFrEF phenogroups. These findings may inform study entry criteria for future HFrEF trials focused on the development of novel therapeutics. URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02861534.

Collect vascular specimens in one cabinet: A hierarchical prompt-guided universal model for 3D vascular segmentation.

IntroductionBirmingham and Solihull Integrated Care System created the £22.2 million Fairer Futures Fund to support community-centred collaborative innovation to address long-standing health inequalities in the region. The FFF supports the development of productive and sustainable partnerships between communities, the voluntary sector, and health and social care organisations to deliver three broad categories of projects: multiple small community-located projects; large-scale ‘partnership’ projects led by collaborative partnerships, and a series of system-wide projects intended to support infrastructural interventions across organisations in support of more equitable care.Methods and analysisThe work consists of a mixed-method evaluation conducted over three work packages: One, a qualitative exploration of the factors influencing the design and development of the Fairer Futures Fund programme. Two, a qualitative exploration of the effectiveness of brokered co-design processes and collaborative inter-agency working. Three, a mixed-methods evaluation of all projects, collating and analysing quantitative outputs, contextualised by a qualitative exploration of the experiences of intervention leads and participants. The quantitative data will be summarised using descriptive statistics with the ability of data to be collated and analysed by various shared characteristics across projects using univariable analyses, e.g., paired t-tests (where pre- and post-intervention outcome data are available) and/or multivariable regression analysis to assess the effectiveness of the FFF activities. The qualitative data from across the three work packages will be used in a directed content analysis to populate the Consolidate Framework of Implementation Research.DiscussionThe amount invested, the innovative nature of the funding allocation, and the visibility of the FFF programme warrants this detailed and objective evaluation by experienced researchers and evaluators. To support the success of the FFF, the work will provide both formative and summative findings. Although the precise content and structure of each project is determined by the local communities and collaborating organisations, consistent data collection is supported by the requisite use of a combination of preselected and validated survey tools. This will allow for the collation of larger and comparable data across similar projects. The quantitative data outputs will be contextualised by qualitative data synthesised across work packages using the implementation framework.

This study examines the representations of Umay Ana in Turkish mythology and Gaia in Greek mythology through a comparative approach. The primary aim of the research is to understand the cultural and societal impacts of these figures, to reveal the universal and local dimensions of mythology, and to evaluate the reflections of these figures in art. The study focuses on the symbolic values of the Great Mother Goddess figures, their functions in human history, and their influence on the belief systems of societies. Gaia is regarded as the mother of nature and the universe, representing universal order, while Umay Ana is considered a protective and fertility-bringing figure in Turkish society. In this context, the shared characteristics, cultural differences, and societal roles of these two figures are detailed. The research employs a literature review method to address the historical, cultural, and artistic contexts of mythological figures. Comparative analyses of Greek and Turkish mythology have been conducted in depth. Additionally, the study aims to understand how these mythological figures are reflected in art. The findings indicate that Gaia and Umay Ana share similar functions across different cultures; however, these functions are shaped by variations in societal structures and belief systems. It is concluded that these figures influence not only the past but also contemporary social and artistic structures. This study aims to contribute to scholars, art historians, and researchers interested in the cultural, artistic, and societal impacts of mythology. Additionally, it seeks to offer a different perspective to readers interested in mythology, helping them understand the reflections of myths in universal and local cultures.

Effective labor productivity management (LPM) is critical for the success of construction projects, yet challenges persist in its planning, implementation and monitoring. This study aims to assess LPM practices by focusing on these three management functions, identify key strategies and develop a framework to enhance LPM effectiveness in the context of Ethiopian construction industry. The data was collected from construction companies through a structured questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. In analyzing the quantitative data, while descriptive analysis was used to evaluate the LPM practice, the management strategies were prioritized using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and evaluated against the relevant performance dimensions using Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). In addition, the qualitative data was analysed thematically focusing on specific objectives of the study. The study revealed the major improvement areas related to the three management functions, and the identified management strategies to enhance effectiveness of the LPM practice are: collaborative planning, integrated scheduling, front-end planning, providing on-the-job training, setting targets for the workforce, financial and nonfinancial incentive schemes, and clash detection. The study underscores integrating management strategies across the management functions to enhance LPM effectiveness. Given shared industry characteristics, the findings are adaptable to other contexts.

Shear-stress-induced swirling flow in biological systems.

Cognitive and Neural Intersections of Dysgraphia and Dyslexia: A Theoretical Synthesis of Shared and Distinct Characteristics

BackgroundGynecologic cancers, including cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers, remain a significant global health challenge. In 2022, 9 175 141 new cancer cases were reported among females, with 1 473 427 (16.1%) attributed to gynecologic cancers, reflecting an incidence rate of 30.4 per 100 000. These cancers were responsible for 680 372 deaths, representing 15.9% of total female cancer mortality at a rate of 17.3 per 100 000. Identifying the drivers of incidence and mortality is critical for addressing disparities and advancing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly those targeting health equity and gender equality.ObjectiveTo identify and analyze the socioeconomic, healthcare, lifestyle, and environmental determinants driving gynecologic cancer incidence and mortality globally. The study leveraged a cluster‐based approach across 68 countries, representing 34.9% of global nations and spanning diverse geographic and economic contexts.MethodsEighty‐seven variables were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), consolidating them into 17 key components that explained 74.4% of the total variance. These components informed a hierarchical clustering process that grouped countries into four profiles based on shared characteristics. Cluster‐specific backward regression models examined the influence of these components on standardized incidence and mortality rates (Adjusted Rate Standardized, ARS). Monte Carlo simulations validated projections, providing robust insights into disparities.ResultsThe study revealed significant cluster‐specific variability in factors influencing gynecologic cancer outcomes. Cluster 1 excelled in lifestyle‐driven cancer prevention, whereas systemic barriers in Cluster 4 necessitate urgent healthcare investment and policy reform. Intermediate clusters exhibited variability influenced by social stability, environmental health, and healthcare infrastructure. The analysis underscored disparities in key predictors such as HPV vaccination coverage, healthcare expenditure, public health policies, and access to preventive services.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of tailored, cluster‐specific strategies to reduce disparities in gynecologic cancer outcomes. Interventions should prioritize equitable access to preventive care, lifestyle modifications, and healthcare investments, particularly in resource‐constrained regions. The findings align with SDG targets on health and well‐being (SDG 3) and gender equality (SDG 5), offering actionable insights to accelerate progress toward WHO's 90–70–90 goals and the elimination of cervical cancer as a public health threat.

Strain PK034 was isolated from a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Stillwater, OK, USA. A comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed ≥99.4% sequence similarity to the type strains of Macellibacteroides fermentans (isolated from an up-flow anaerobic filter) and Parabacteroides chartae (isolated from wastewater from a paper mill), suggesting their close relatedness and the possibility of these strains belonging to the same species. The genus Macellibacteroides currently contains a single species, while the genus Parabacteroides currently contains 13 species. Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA gene, whole-genome phylogenomic analysis and overall genomic-based relatedness indices indicated that PK034 and the type strains of M. fermentans and P. chartae shared average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values >95% and >70%, which are the currently accepted thresholds for species-level delineation. Furthermore, such analysis also placed PK034 and the type strains of M. fermentans and P. chartae as a distinct branch within the Tannerellaceae family of the Bacteroidales order, clustering separately from all other species of the genus Parabacteroides. Comparison of phenotypic and physiological traits revealed a high level of shared characteristics and physiological optima between all isolates. Thus, it is proposed that P. chartae NS31-3T has been erroneously classified as a member of the genus Parabacteroides, that strains PK034, M. fermentans and P. chartae constitute the same species and that P. chartae Tan et al. 2012 should be taken as a later heterotypic synonym of M. fermentans Jabari et al. 2012.

BackgroundExposure to major life stressors and aberrant brain functioning have been related to anxiety and depression, especially during adolescence. However, whether these associations differ based on the specific characteristics of the stressors experienced, and/or the functional networks engaged, remains unclear.MethodsWe used baseline lifetime stressor exposure and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from a longitudinal sample of 150 adolescents enriched for anxiety and depressive disorders. We examined the cumulative lifetime stressor frequency and severity of five stressor characteristics: physical danger, interpersonal loss, humiliation, entrapment, and role change/disruption. Anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed at three time points: baseline, 6-month and 12-month follow-ups. Linear mixed-effect models tested if the lifetime frequency and severity of these stressor characteristics and functional connectivity within and between frontoparietal, default, and ventral attention networks at baseline predicted anxiety and depression symptoms at three time points.ResultsLifetime frequency and severity of humiliation and entrapment predicted both anxiety and depression symptoms. Lifetime frequency and severity of entrapment exposures predicted anxiety and depression symptoms after accounting for baseline depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Resting-state functional connectivity between default, frontoparietal and ventral attention networks did not predict either anxiety or depression symptoms after correcting for multiple comparisons.ConclusionsOur study highlights lifetime exposures to humiliation and entrapment stressors as central stressor characteristics predictive of prospective anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescence. Our results also suggest that resting-state functional connectivity within and between default, frontoparietal and ventral attention networks may be relatively weak predictors of prospective anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescence.

Speciation arises from multifaceted factors, making phenotype-based classifications unreliable. Integrative taxonomy has advanced significant breakthroughs in taxonomically challenging groups like Apiaceae, which is characterized by highly convergent morphological traits across species. The genus Eriocycla (Apiaceae) has long presented persistent taxonomic uncertainties. While morphological similarities initially supported Eriocycla as Seseli sect. Eriocycla, phylogenetic studies consistently resolve Eriocycla within the tribe Echinophoreae, contrasting with Seseli (tribe Selineae). Integrated morphological and molecular analyses were conducted here to resolve this taxonomic conflict. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on nuclear ribosomal DNA and plastomes all supported that Seseli delavayi and Seseli nortonii formed a stable monophyletic group with Eriocycla nuda and Eriocycla pelliotii within Echinophoreae, separate from Seseli. Plastome comparisons across 14 taxa revealed structural conservation in E. nuda, E. pelliotii, S. delavayi, and S. nortonii, particularly in inverted-repeat and single-copy regions, distinct from that of other Seseli species. A unique inversion involving the trnY–GUA, trnD–GUC, and trnE–UUC genes was detected in E. nuda and E. pelliotii but absent in S. delavayi and S. nortonii. Shared morphological characteristics, including glabrous stem bases, basally free bracteoles, and prominent calyx teeth, further support their affinity with Eriocycla. We therefore propose to recognize Eriocycla as a separate genus rather than as Seseli sect. Eriocycla and reclassifying S. delavayi and S. nortonii into it. In conclusion, this study not only revealed the phylogenetic position of the tribe Echinophoreae but also resolved the long-standing taxonomic controversy surrounding Eriocycla and Seseli.

Unraveling the Link Between Borderline Personality Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Intercellular communication signals in the tumor microenvironment are closely related to behaviors such as cancer cell proliferation and immune evasion. However, the specific roles of intercellular signaling pathways in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) have not yet been fully characterized. In this study, we analyzed publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data derived from paired samples of two intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) tissues and two adjacent normal tissues, thoroughly examining their cellular composition. InferCNV analysis was employed to compare tumor cells and normal cells, and pseudotime analysis was used to identify the growth and differentiation trajectories of the cells. Additionally, intercellular communication analysis was conducted to elucidate the communication networks between cells. Our analysis delineated the cellular ecosystem of ICC, identifying cell subclusters with shared characteristics between ICC and normal tissues. Notably, we characterized a distinct C7-E-T subcluster that exhibited high expression of CXCR4 and BPTF, markers associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs). Further investigation revealed that the MIF intercellular signaling pathway promotes the progression of ICC by activating intracellular signals in the MYC pathway. This study highlights the dysregulation of intercellular signaling pathways within tumor clusters, which influences the onset and progression of ICC. The cancer stem cell subpopulation (CXCR4hiBPTFhiE-T) exerts a significant influence on ICC progression by secreting relevant signaling molecules via the MIF signaling pathway.

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the contextual dynamics of development projects is essential for achieving effective and sustainable outcomes. While existing frameworks provide guidance for translating rural development concepts into structured thematic areas and indicators, they often lack specificity to regional characteristics. This limitation is particularly evident in regions like Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), where diverse socioeconomic and geographical contexts demand tailored approaches. Here, we developed a dedicated framework designed to capture the unique features of the LAC region. It is structured around four dimensions, 14 themes, and 33 parameters, providing a comprehensive foundation for planning and evaluating rural development initiatives. To operationalize this framework, we employed machine learning techniques to group countries based on shared characteristics and similarities, enabling an unbiased identification of key dimensions. Our analysis identified eight clusters, some reflecting geographical coherence—such as island nations in the Caribbean and countries in northern Central America—while others revealed unexpected groupings, including Brazil with Ecuador and Panama. These results underscore the utility of the framework in uncovering both intuitive and novel insights. This contextualized framework offers a robust reference tool for exploring rural development in LAC, facilitating evidence‐based planning and fostering a deeper understanding of the region's diverse rural contexts.