Shape Memory Nanocomposites Research Articles

4D printing of magneto-responsive shape memory nano-composite for stents

Abstract This study focuses on the 4D printing simulation technique of magneto-responsive shape memory nanocomposite stents. A nanocomposite material was created by incorporating polycaprolactone, a shape memory material, with Fe3O4 to enhance magnetic responsiveness and stiffness. Tensile tests were conducted, and the material properties were applied to finite element analysis. Shape memory experiments were also performed to measure the temperature at which shape memory progression occurs due to magnetic response. In the 4D printing simulation, different coefficients of thermal expansion and the measured temperatures were reflected in the sections where shape memory is activated to implement shape memory behavior. The specimen simulation confirmed shape memory behavior progressing from 145 degrees to 3 degrees, while the stent simulation demonstrated satisfactory expansion to a radius of 3 mm. This study proposes a controllable method for implementing shape memory considering temperatures induced by magnetic response, showing potential for various medical device applications.

Stretchable conductive shape-memory nanocomposites for programmable electronics via photo-mediated multiscale structural design

Conductive shape-memory nanocomposites are very promising in flexible electronics, soft robotics, wearable sensors, etc. However, achieving a balance between conductivity, shape-memory behavior, and stretchability is still challenging in this field. Here, we report stretchable conductive shape-memory nanocomposites (SCSMNCs) prepared through photo-mediated multiscale structural design (PMMSD). At a molecular level, we utilize highly efficient photo-mediated radical polymerization and hydrogen abstraction reaction to fast construct a conjoined polymeric network in one step (∼68 s). Hybrid nanofibers are, meanwhile, introduced to generate highly conductive networks. This rational design facilitates the fabrication of nanocomposites simultaneously exhibiting excellent shape-memory behavior, high conductivity, improved mechanical properties, and rapid gelation. Mechanics-guided metamaterial design can be then produced in macro-scale by additive manufacturing to further increase the stretchability of the nanocomposites without compromising other key properties. Consequently, benefitting from the PMMSD strategy, the stretching strain of SCSMNCs improves significantly by 19 times compared to the samples lacking network and structural design, with conductivity > 105 S/m, shape fixation ratio and shape recovery ratio > 95 %. Notably, the combination of the increased stretchability, high conductivity and excellent shape-memory behavior endows the SCSMNCs with adaptive electrical and mechanical properties over long ranges. Based on these advanced performances, we demonstrate the utility of the designed SCSMNCs as function-programmable electromagnetic interference shields and wearable sensors. We anticipate this study will pave a new way for the design and application of high-performance SCSMNCs.

Analysing the shape memory behaviour of GnP-enhanced nanocomposites: a comparative study between experimental and finite element analysis

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are capable of enduring significant deformations and returning to their original form upon activation by certain external stimuli. However, their restricted mechanical and thermal capabilities have limited their broader application in engineering fields. To address this, the integration of graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) with SMPs has proven effective in enhancing their mechanical and thermal properties while maintaining inherent shape memory functions. The study evaluated shape memory nanocomposites (SMNCs) using dynamic mechanical, thermogravimetric, and static tensile, flexural, and shape memory tests, along with scanning electron microscopy to analyse tensile fractures. The results indicate that the optimal content of GnP is 0.6 wt%, resulting in excellent shape memory, thermal, and mechanical properties. Specifically, this composition demonstrates a shape recovery ratio of 94.02%, a storage modulus of 4580.07 MPa, a tensile strength of 61.42 MPa, and a flexural strength of 116.37 MPa. Additionally, the incorporation of GnPs into epoxy reduces recovery times by up to 52% at the 0.6 wt% concentration. While there is a slight decrease in the shape fixity ratio from 98.77% to 93.02%, the shape recoverability remains consistently high across all samples. Current finite element (FE) models often necessitate complex, problem-specific user subroutines, which can impede the straightforward application of research findings in real-world settings. To address this, the current study introduces an innovative finite element simulation method using the widely used ABAQUS software to model the thermomechanical behaviour of SMNCs, importantly incorporating the time-dependent viscoelastic behaviour of the material. The effectiveness of this new approach was tested by comparing experimental results from bending test of SMNCs cantilever beam with outcomes derived from FE simulations. The strong agreement between the experimental data and simulation results confirmed the precision and reliability of this novel technique.

Analysing the shape memory behaviour of MWCNT-enhanced nanocomposites: a comparative study between experimental and finite element analysis

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are known for their unique ability to withstand large deformations and revert to their original shape under specific external stimuli. However, their broader application in biomedical and structural applications is restricted by limited mechanical and thermal properties. Introducing multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into SMPs has proven to significantly enhance these characteristics without affecting their inherent shape memory features. This study investigates shape memory nanocomposites (SMNCs) through dynamic and thermogravimetric analyses, along with tensile, flexural, and shape memory testing, and explores fracture interfaces using scanning electron microscopy. Findings indicate optimal shape memory, thermal, and mechanical properties with 0.6 wt% MWCNT content, showcasing a shape recovery ratio of 93.11%, storage modulus of 4127.63 MPa, tensile strength of 55 MPa, and flexural strength of 107.94 MPa. Moreover, incorporating MWCNTs into epoxy demonstrated a reduction in recovery times by up to 50% at 0.6 wt% concentration. Despite a slight decrease in shape fixity ratio from 98.77% to 92.11%, shape recoverability remained nearly consistent across all samples. The study also introduces a novel finite element (FE) method in ABAQUS for modeling the thermomechanical behavior of SMNCs, incorporating viscoelasticity, validated by matching experimental results with FE simulations, highlighting its accuracy and practical applicability in engineering.

Magnetic Shape Memory Nanocomposites Assembled with High Speed High Pressure Torsion.

When a severe plastic deformation (SPD) process is performed at high temperatures, it becomes more versatile. Designed originally for the bulk nanoconstruction of hard-to-deform alloys, high-speed high-pressure torsion (HSHPT) is an SPD method used in this research for assembling multiple layers of shape memory nanocomposites. Three hard-to-deform magnetic alloys in the cast state were used. Soft magnetic shape memory alloys, NiFeGa and FePdMn, and a potentially hard magnetic alloy, CoZr, were assembled in various composites. Both grain refinement and strong layer bonding were achieved in ZrCo/FePdMn and ZrCo/NiFeGa composites in seconds. The very short SPD time is specific to HSHPT because of the intense friction that occurs under high pressures, which generates huge amounts of heat. After SPD, the temperature rises in bulk material like a pulse, being dissipated mostly through heat conduction. The SPD parameters were carefully controlled with an advanced automation system using a programmable logic controller. Nevertheless, the major drawbacks of high-pressure torsion were overcome, and large SPD discs were obtained. Various investigation techniques (optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy) show well-defined interfaces as well as a fine and ultrafine structure.

Reprocessing and reconfigurable shape recovery of epoxy and Fe3O4 nanocomposites enabled by crosslinking with a polymeric hardener bearing disulfide bonds

In this contribution, we reported the preparation of the nanocomposites of epoxy with Fe3O4 with poly(α-lipoic acid) (PLA) as a polymeric crosslinker. It was found that the surface reaction between Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the macromolecular crosslinker significantly facilitated the fine dispersion of the inorganic nanoparticles. In the meantime, dynamic disulfide bonds were successfully introduced into the nanocomposites. Therefore, the nanocomposites displayed the excellent reprocessing (recycling) properties. In addition, the nanocomposites had the shape memory properties; the original shapes of the shape memory nanocomposites can be reprogrammed via the exchange of dynamic disulfide bonds. Owing to the incorporation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, the nanocomposites possessed the excellent paramagnetic and photothermal properties. Furthermore, the photothermal properties can be utilized to trigger the shape recovery in a non-contact fashion.

Shape Memory Graphene Nanocomposites—Fundamentals, Properties, and Significance

Shape memory nanocomposites are excellent smart materials which can switch between a variable temporary shape and their original shape upon exposure to external stimuli such as heat, light, electricity, magnetic fields, moisture, chemicals, pH, etc. Numerous nanofillers have been introduced in shape memory polymers such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, nanodiamonds, carbon nanofibers, etc. Among nanocarbons, graphene has attracted research interest for the development of shape memory polymer/graphene nanocomposites. Graphene is a unique one-atom-thick two-dimensional nanosheet of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms. Graphene has been used as an effective nanofiller in shape memory polymeric nanocomposites owing to its remarkable electrical conductivity, flexibility, strength, and heat stability. Thermoplastics as well as thermoset matrices have been used to form the shape memory nanomaterials with graphene nanofiller. In shape memory polymer/graphene nanocomposites, their shape has been fixed above the transition temperature and then transformed to the original shape through an external stimulus. The inclusion of graphene in nanocomposites can cause fast switching of their temporary shape to their original shape. Fine graphene dispersion, matrix–nanofiller interactions, and compatible interface development can lead to high-performance shape memory graphene-derived nanocomposites. Consequently, this review focuses on an important class of shape memory graphene-based nanocomposites. The fabrication, physical properties, and shape memory actuation of polymer/graphene nanocomposites are discussed. The stimuli-responsive polymer/graphene nanocomposites mostly revealed heat-, electricity-, and light-induced effects. The inclusion of graphene enhanced the physical/covalent linking, shape recovery, shape fixity, flexibility, and crystallization effects in the polymers. Furthermore, potential applications of these materials are observed in the aerospace/automobile industries, civil engineering, and biomaterials.

MXene/epoxy-based shape memory nanocomposites with highly stable thermal-mechanical coupling effect for constructing an effective information transmission medium

Information security is essential for any country, enterprise, and institution in the digital age. Shape memory polymers (SMP) and their composites provide attractive candidates for encrypted information transmission since they are an integral branch of intelligent materials. Herein, MXene/waterborne epoxy (WEP) shape memory nanocomposites were fabricated by a simple preparation process and employed as information transmission media. The results showed that the MXene/WEP nanocomposites noticeably improved mechanical properties, creep resistance, and thermal-mechanical coupling cycle stability while maintaining excellent shape memory properties compared to the pristine WEP which ensured nanocomposites’ stimulus-response signal are stable and reproducible. Furthermore, an information encryption transmission system was constructed by customizing the encoding correspondence among the information units, thermal-mechanical coupling stimulus conditions, and stimulus-response signals of the nanocomposites. Multiple security strategies to defend this system including information steganography, coded encryption, and the shape memory effect, which dramatically enhancing communication security. Finally, the application potential of the nanocomposites for encrypted transmission of text and image information were demonstrated. This work provides a new strategy for the application of SMP in information transmission and security.

Engineering of H‐Bonding Interactions in PVA/g‐C3N4 Hybrids for Enhanced Structural, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties: Toward Water‐Responsive Shape Memory Nanocomposites

AbstractNew water‐triggered shape memory nanocomposites are developed by incorporating graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (g‐C3N4) in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films. The findings demonstrate that the water‐triggered shape memory effect of PVA‐filled g‐C3N4 nanocomposites (PVA/g‐C3N4) is largely enhanced via the establishment of strong H‐bonding interactions between the uncondensed amine groups of g‐C3N4 and hydroxyl groups of PVA (–OH) which induce supplementary physically cross‐linked sites in the formed nanocomposites. Additionally, the designed PVA/g‐C3N4 nanocomposites reveal the achievement of improved physicochemical properties including thermal and mechanical characteristics compared to the neat PVA. Tensile testing displays a significant increment of tensile strength (by 58%) along with an increment of the Young's modulus (by 357%), owing to the existing of noncovalent interactions in the form of H‐bonds established between the PVA matrix and g‐C3N4 functional groups. Furthermore, a shape memory mechanism is suggested to highlight the water‐triggered shape memory behaviors of the PVA/g‐C3N4 nanocomposites. The obtained results are very propitious in terms of plotting and manufacturing g‐C3N4‐based nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical, thermal, and swelling features, providing a framework for designing g‐C3N4‐derived shape memory polymers (gSMP) toward better comprehension of the shape recovery mechanism in water‐triggered gSMP nanocomposites.

Shape memory polymer/graphene nanocomposites: State-of-the-art

Abstract Graphene is one of most exceptional type of nanocarbon. It is a two-dimensional, one atom thick, nanosheet of sp2 hybridized carbon atoms. Graphene has been employed as nanofiller for shape memory polymeric nanocomposites due to outstanding electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, flexibility, and thermal stability characteristics. Consequently, graphene nanostructures have been reinforced in the polymer matrices to attain superior structural, physical, and shape recovery properties. This review basically addresses the important class of shape memory polymer (SMP)/graphene nanocomposites. This assessment is revolutionary to portray the scientific development and advancement in the field of polymer and graphene-based shape memory nanocomposites. In SMP/graphene nanocomposites, polymer shape has been fixed at above transition temperature and then converted to memorized shape through desired external stimuli. Presence of graphene has caused fast switching of temporary shape to original shape in polymer/graphene nanocomposites. In this regard, better graphene dispersion, interactions between matrix-nanofiller, and well-matched interface formation leading to high performance stimuli-responsive graphene derived nanocomposites, have been described. Incidentally, the fabrication, properties, actuation ways, and relevance of the SMP/graphene nanocomposite have been discussed here. The potential applications of these materials have been perceived for the aerospace/automotive components, self-healing nanocomposites, textiles, civil engineering, and biomaterials.

INFLUENCE OF CARBOXYL-FUNCTIONALIZED GRAPHENE NANOPLATELETS ON THE THERMOMECHANICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF SHAPE MEMORY NANOCOMPOSITES

INFLUENCE OF CARBOXYL-FUNCTIONALIZED GRAPHENE NANOPLATELETS ON THE THERMOMECHANICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF SHAPE MEMORY NANOCOMPOSITES

Development of novel TPI/HDPE/CNTs ternary hybrid shape memory nanocomposites

In order to make up for the defects of trans-1,4-polyisoprene (TPI) shape memory polymer, TPI/high density polyethylene (HDPE) hybrid shape memory matrix was prepared from the perspective of matrix composition. The carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with excellent mechanical properties were introduced into the hybrid shape memory matrix. Due to the difference of the inherent properties and geometry of nano-fillers, the change of the content of nano-fillers directly affects the bonding state within the composites. Therefore, it is very important to choose the appropriate content. In order to give full play to the potential of thermodynamics of nano-filler, the TPI/HDPE/CNTs ternary hybrid shape memory nanocomposites were prepared by mechanical melt blending technology combined with dynamic vulcanization and hot-pressing forming technology. The addition of CNTs promotes the formation of the crystal structure of TPI and HDPE, and facilitates the energy transfer between different interface, which greatly improves the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites at the same time. The effect of the changes of filler content on the thermodynamic properties of the composite materials were revealed by series of tests. The results show that the CNTs act as nucleating agents in the crystallization region of TPI and HDPE. However, the excessive addition of CNTs can inhibit the formation of HDPE crystal structure. Meanwhile, the crystallinity of nanocomposites is also an important factor affecting its thermal conductivity. The specimens with the CNTs content of 0.5 wt% have excellent tensile resistance and cyclic recovery ability, and it can improve the shape recovery properties. Therefore, the nanocomposite with the CNTs content of 0.5 wt% has the best thermodynamic and shape memory properties.

Scalable manufactured bio-based polymer nanocomposite with instantaneous near-infrared light-actuated targeted shape memory and remote-controlled accurate self-healing

Remote control and targeted activation are the elevated goals for shape-memory and self-healing polymers when responses to stimuli. Among so many stimuli, converting light into microstructure change or mechanical motions is now of particular interest. Herein, we report the ingenious design, synthesis and operation to advanced materials that capable of fast near-infrared (NIR) light-actuated targeted shape memory and remote accurately self-healing. Starting from biomass resources, a well-defined polymer nanocomposite, CNTs-graft-poly(tetrahydrofurfury methacryla-co-lauryl acrylate-co-1-vinylimidazole) copolymer ((CNTs-g-P(TMA-co-LA-co-VI)), was fabricated by addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. After subsequent metal-ligand crosslinking with Zn2+ ion, CNTs-g-P(TMA-co-LA-co-VI)/Zn2+ with CNTs content of 1.1 wt % have a maximum stress of 1.68 MPa and an elongation at break of 450%. Most importantly, the photothermal conversion of CNTs can effectively trigger the association and dissociation process of the dynamic metallosupramolecular crosslinked bond between VI and Zn2+, leading to excellent instantaneous multiple shape memory and accurate self-healing performance under NIR light or heat. This approach can be generalized toward de novo design of self-healing and shape memory nanocomposites with tunable mechanical properties.

Nanocomposites of polyhydroxyurethane with nanocrystalline cellulose: Synthesis, thermomechanical and reprocessing properties

A commercial novolac epoxide was used to react with carbon dioxide (CO2), to obtain a novel five-membered cyclic carbonate. This novel novolac epoxide-based five-membered cyclic carbonate (NE5CC) was successfully utilized to prepare polyhydroxyurethane (PHU) thermoset. To improve the thermomechanical properties of the PHU thermoset, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was used as the modifier. To facilitate dispersion of the modifier, the surface of NCC was functionalized with poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVPy). The functionalized NCC (NCC-PVPy) was prepared via the surface-initiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP). It was found that NCC-PVPy was readily dispersed in PHU matrix in the form of single nanocrystals. The nanocomposites of PHU with NCC displayed the enhanced glass transition temperatures and improved mechanical properties. In the meantime, the nanocomposites had good shape recovery properties; the nanocomposites can be reprocessed at elevated temperature. The reprocessing properties can be utilized to reprogram the original shapes of the shape memory nanocomposites.

Multiresponse Shape-Memory Nanocomposite with a Reversible Cycle for Powerful Artificial Muscles

In the field of bionic soft robots and microrobots, artificial muscle materials have exhibited unique potential for cutting-edge applications. However, current mainstream thermal-responsive artific...

Production and characterization of shape memory polymeric nanocomposite materials

Polymers are macromolecular materials that simple molecules (monomers) come together with chemical bonds and form them. The industrial use area of polymers is increasing due to many advantages of them such as mechanical properties, easy formability, lightweight, and low cost. Properties of smart (capable of reacting to an external effect) polymers; because of external effects such as magnetic field, electric field, temperature, and pH, they can change their shape and various mechanical properties. Areas such as aviation, construction, electronics, and medical can be given as examples to the usage areas of such materials.In this study, poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymer was used as a matrix in nanocomposite materials. New types of shape memory nanocomposites materials were obtained by using reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and graphene oxide (GO) produced by the Hummers method as fillers. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) devices were used to examine the thermal characterization of materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) method and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) were used for structural characterization analysis. In addition, chemical characterization of the materials was investigated using energy diffusion X-ray analysis (EDX) and surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The shape memory performances of the produced nanocomposite materials were determined by the shape recycling tests. It is examined the effect of fillers on the shape memory performance, structural and thermal properties of nanocomposite materials.

Smart polyester fabric with comfort regulation by temperature and moisture responsive shape memory nanocomposite treatment

Recently, clothing comfort and ease of use have become an indispensable expectation especially in sports and functional clothing which have led researchers to focus on development of smart textiles including new functionalities such as active thermoregulation. Therefore, a novel nanocomposite finishing treatment consisting of temperature responsive shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) and cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) was developed and applied to polyester fabric to produce smart fabric having dual responsive performance to moisture besides temperature. Water vapour, air permeability and sweat absorption properties were investigated under different temperature and relative humidity conditions to test thermoregulation performance of the treated fabrics. Physical, mechanical properties (weight, thickness and bursting strength) and durability of treated fabrics were also tested. Morphology, chemical compositions and thermal characterization of treated fabrics were investigated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and Thermogravimetric (TG) analyses, respectively. It was found out that polyester fabric exhibited dynamic breathability and sweat absorption with temperature and relative humidity of body or environmental conditions thanks to the obtained dual responsive shape memory function. Also, mechanical and end use performances such as bursting strength and washing fastness of polyester were enhanced with this treatment. Summing up, SMPU-CNW nanocomposite treatment can be a good alternative for smart sports clothing having thermoregulation function for enhanced comfort besides desired mechanical and end use performances.

Correction to: Development of graphene nanoplatelets-reinforced thermo-responsive shape memory nanocomposites for high recovery force applications

The development and large-scale implementation of multifunctional advanced materials with smart and intelligent properties like shape memory are very topical. In the present work, we report the development of multifunctional graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)-reinforced thermo-responsive shape memory composites, in ether type shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) matrix. A unique twin screw co-rotating microcompounder with a back flow channel was operated to ensure proper dispersion of GNPs in the SMPU matrix for developing different compositions of nanocomposites, namely SMC0, SMC1, SMC2, and SMC3, respectively. The detailed characterizations and properties of the above developed nanocomposites were studied using various complementary techniques for spectroscopy, morphology, mechanical, thermal, shape memory, DMA, etc. The dynamic thermomechanical properties of all the developed nanocomposites were studied at 0.1 and 10 Hz, respectively. Structure of SMP and developed composite were also analyzed using various spectroscopic methods. The addition of GNPs to the SMP matrix improved the mechanical and shape memory properties, although a noticeable impact on thermal property is also reported. The fractured microphotographs reveal the uniform dispersion of GNP in SMPU. Addition of 1 phr GNPs increased storage modulus of SMPU from 3.14 to 4.11 GPa and the value of tan δ peak was decreased from 0.81 to 0.53, respectively. The GNPs in SMPU matrix influences the shape recovery, which is improved with the addition of GNPs in the experimental range.

Facile synthesis of yellow emissive carbon dots with high quantum yield and their application in construction of fluorescence-labeled shape memory nanocomposite

Abstract Synthesizing carbon dots (CDs) with efficient long-wavelength emissions (i.e., yellow-to red light) generally suffer from sophisticated approaches, time-consuming process, harsh conditions, and requirement of organic solvent; also, a further limitation of the resulting CDs is relatively low quantum yield (QY) in aqueous solution. Herein, novel yellow emitting CDs (Y-CDs) with a considerable QY of 62.8% were synthesized from a precursor comprising resorcinol and o-phenylenediamine via a facile microwave method. To probe the fluorescence mechanism, another typical resorcinol-derived CDs using ethylenediamine as dopant were fabricated as well, showing strong green emission with an absolute QY of 60.6%. Spectroscopic and structural characterizations indicated that the distinct redshift of green to yellow emission depended on the dimension of conjugated sp2-domain and the content of graphitic N heavily, while the excellent QY was highly related to the low proportion of defective sp2 carbon cluster and high nitrogen content within CDs. Moreover, the Y-CDs were confirmed to be capable of introducing additional crosslinking points in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymer, which resulted in the Y-CDs-contained nanocomposite behaving superior and tunable water-induced shape recovery performances. Importantly, since being labeled with long-wavelength emission, the responsiveness of PVA/Y-CDs composite will contribute to its versatile utilization in biology-relevant fields.

Development of Graphene Nanoplatelets-Reinforced Thermo-Responsive Shape Memory Nanocomposites for High Recovery Force Applications

The development and large-scale implementation of multifunctional advanced materials with smart and intelligent properties like shape memory are very topical. In the present work, we report the development of multifunctional graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)-reinforced thermo-responsive shape memory composites, in ether type shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) matrix. A unique twin screw co-rotating microcompounder with a back flow channel was operated to ensure proper dispersion of GNPs in the SMPU matrix for developing different compositions of nanocomposites, namely SMC0, SMC1, SMC2, and SMC3, respectively. The detailed characterizations and properties of the above developed nanocomposites were studied using various complementary techniques for spectroscopy, morphology, mechanical, thermal, shape memory, DMA, etc. The dynamic thermomechanical properties of all the developed nanocomposites were studied at 0.1 and 10 Hz, respectively. Structure of SMP and developed composite were also analyzed using various spectroscopic methods. The addition of GNPs to the SMP matrix improved the mechanical and shape memory properties, although a noticeable impact on thermal property is also reported. The fractured microphotographs reveal the uniform dispersion of GNP in SMPU. Addition of 1 phr GNPs increased storage modulus of SMPU from 3.14 to 4.11 GPa and the value of tan δ peak was decreased from 0.81 to 0.53, respectively. The GNPs in SMPU matrix influences the shape recovery, which is improved with the addition of GNPs in the experimental range.