Shape Characters Research Articles

Information & Communication Technology in Shaping Character During the Covid-19 Pandemic

This study aims to describe how to foster children’s character throught the use of information technology when children learn at home. Seeing the current phenomena parents and PAUD teachers must be able to manage the existing situation. Shaping the character of the nation's children is very much needed through the habituation of the value of discipline in childhood that allows children to develop themselves into someone who has a noble character, praiseworthy and bring children to good behavior, especially in today's sophisticated technology. Children will get used to doing good for themselves and others by applying it at home. Disciplined personal habits are in the context of forming noble characters, namely whole people, who are skilled at speaking, using good symbols and cues, able to be creative and creative and appreciate the positive things in using information and communication technology that is increasingly advanced today.

Phylogenetic inferences reveal deep polyphyly of Aongstroemiaceae and Dicranellaceae within the haplolepideous mosses (Dicranidae, Bryophyta)

AbstractHaplolepideous moss systematics has been through major changes based on morpho‐molecular studies. However, many taxa remain little studied with still unclear circumscriptions and relationships among the traditionally recognized families. We inferred the phylogenetic relationships of the haplolepideous mosses based on a sample of 37 out of the 38 haplolepideous moss families and using mitochondrial (nad5 G1 intron) and chloroplast (trnS‐rps4 spacer/rps4 gene and trnL gene/trnL‐trnF spacer) markers. The resolved relationships indicate the need for rearrangements in the circumscription of the Aongstroemiaceae and Dicranellaceae and their genera, which correspond to the variation of morphological characters of leaf shape, rhizoid tuber morphology, and capsule and peristome traits. The two families, although historically considered morphologically close, were resolved as separate lineages in the core haplolepideous clade. The genera Aongstroemia and Dicranella were resolved as polyphyletic across the clades corresponding to the families Aongstroemiaceae and Dicranellaceae and other clades. The characterization of Aongstroemia by julaceous plants is not supported; the three species sampled here belong in three separate families and differ from one another in other (more stable) characters, such as the presence and shape of peristome teeth. Regarding Dicranella, the sampling of 13 of its 167 species suggests the broad morphological variation comprised by the genus under its current circumscription might be narrowed down to smaller ranges corresponding to the phylogenetically separate clades. The present molecular data furthermore suggest changes in the composition of the protohaplolepideous Dicranidae grade, including one Dicranella clade, a new lineage with a ditrichoid morphology, but excluding the Chrysoblastellaceae, which were resolved in the core haplolepideous clade. The latter finding implies the independent evolution of the rare double‐opposite peristome type in both the protohaplolepideous grade and the core haplolepideous clade.

Multivariate principal components analysis of the morphostructural traits of West African Dwarf sheep

A study was conducted to determine the interdependence among conformation traits of 178 West African Dwarf sheep and to predict body weight from their independent scores using principal components analysis. Body weight and nine morphostructural traits: height at withers, body length, heart girth, rump height, hip width, chest depth, fore canon bone length, tail length, and ear length were measured. Phenotypic correlation coefficients between body weight and body dimensions ranged from 0.78 to 0.79. Anti-image correlations of the body shape characters showed that partial correlations were low. Two principal components were extracted from the factor analysis with varimax rotation of the inter-correlated traits which accounted for 69.50% of the total variance. The first principal component (PC1) explained 57.70% and second principal component (PC2) contributed 11.70% of the variance. Both PC1 and PC2 could be considered in the selection programme to obtain animals with better conformations using minimal number of measurements.

Evaluation of handwriting task difficulty based on detrended fluctuation analysis

The control of voluntary movements is a dual structure consisting of cognitive and physical controls; cognitive control involves attentional resources, unlike physical control. Various voluntary movements can be performed by combining cognitive and physical controls. Body movements depending on attentional resources are performed using cognitive control; these movements fluctuate with white noise and their fluctuations gradually become the one-over-f fluctuation as the dependence on the attentional resources decreases. The handwriting process of characters is a voluntary movement. This study focused on the relationship between the repetitive handwriting process and the attentional resources allocated to it. The attention resources allocated to the handwriting process depend on the difficulty of the handwriting task. Moreover, the difficulty of a handwriting task is determined by the complexity of the shape of the handwritten characters, and the stroke counts is one indicator of this. Therefore, we focused on five Chinese kanji characters with different stroke counts. We investigated fluctuations in the temporal and spatial handwriting elements (twelve handwriting elements in all) defined within the handwriting process of each Chinese kanji character. The detrended fluctuation analysis was applied to the fluctuation analysis of the handwriting elements. In this paper, we discussed the relationship between the handwriting task difficulties and handwriting elements using local scaling indices based on the detrended fluctuation analysis.

Quranic Script Optical Text Recognition Using Deep Learning in IoT Systems

Since the worldwide spread of internet-connected devices and rapid advances made in Internet of Things (IoT) systems, much research has been done in using machine learning methods to recognize IoT sensors data. This is particularly the case for optical character recognition of handwritten scripts. Recognizing text in images has several useful applications, including content-based image retrieval, searching and document archiving. The Arabic language is one of the mostly used tongues in the world. However, Arabic text recognition in imagery is still very much in the nascent stage, especially handwritten text. This is mainly due to the language complexities, different writing styles, variations in the shape of characters, diacritics, and connected nature of Arabic text. In this paper, two deep learning models were proposed. The first model was based on a sequence-to-sequence recognition, while the second model was based on a fully convolution network. To measure the performance of these models, a new dataset, called QTID (Quran Text Image Dataset) was devised. This is the first Arabic dataset that includes Arabic diacritics. It consists of 309,720 different 192 × 64 annotated Arabic word images, which comprise 2,494,428 characters in total taken from the Holy Quran. The annotated images in the dataset were randomly divided into 90%, 5%, and 5% sets for training, validation, and testing purposes, respectively. Both models were set up to recognize the Arabic Othmani font in the QTID. Experimental results show that the proposed methods achieve state-of-the-art outcomes. Furthermore, the proposed models surpass expectations in terms of character recognition rate, F1-score, average precision, and recall values. They are superior to the best Arabic text recognition engines like Tesseract and ABBYY FineReader.

A Way to Decide the Shape of Tactile Character on an Elevator Button

A Way to Decide the Shape of Tactile Character on an Elevator Button

Native and non-native species of Litopenaeus Pérez-Farfante, 1969 (Crustacea: Penaeidae) from the East Atlantic: Geometric morphometrics as a tool for taxonomic discrimination.

The shape of the secondary sexual characters is, traditionally, used to discriminate the marine shrimps at the species level. However, the qualitative evaluation of structures that are morphologically variable in the taxonomy of species can favor misunderstandings and misidentifications. These possibilities of taxonomic inaccuracies are especially alarming when there is a need to evaluate the invasion of introduced species. The present study used geometric morphometric analyses to identify differences in the cephalothorax shape that would help discriminate the native and non-native species of Litopenaeus of the South American coast. The comparative morphology analysis was conducted using the right profile of adult males' cephalothorax of L. schmitti, captured in the natural environment, and L. vannamei captured in the natural environment or grown in shrimp farms. In intraspecific evaluation, it was not possible to distinguish the specimens of L. vannamei that were grown in shrimp farms from those acclimated to the natural environment. However, significant interspecific differences in shape were found in the shape of this body structure. Additionally, the base position of the first rostral spine to the tip of the hepatic spine is indicated as a characteristic that can be used to distinguish these two species by eye in the field.

Towards a Model of Attitude and Character Learning through Training Needed by Teachers

A number of training models for attitude and character building have been applied to train Indonesian teachers; however, a majority of these teachers still feel confused about how to instill values in their students and shape children's attitudes and characters. Research and development (Kimbrough & Hutcheson, 1998) model was applied in this study. The sample population of this study consisted of (a) 5 % of the elementary school teachers in Bengkulu Province selected proportionally and randomly, and (b) all the teacher trainers of Bengkulu Province Education Quality Assurance Agency. Data was collected through a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and inventory instruments. After analyzing data, the researchers concluded: first, training models for attitudes and character building applied so far are only able to improve the cognitive level of teachers and little at the level of understanding, application and analysis; though they have not been able to improve the skills needed by the teacher in shaping the attitudes and character of students. Hence, while providing training to teachers on attitude and character building, it is recommended to use training models that can develop teachers’ diligence suiting their needs as well as improve their cognitive abilities.

해방기(1945~48) 북한 문예지에 게재된 대표 단편소설 연구 －인물 형상화의 경직성과 유연성을 중심으로

이 글은 해방기(1945~1948) 북한 문예조직의 기관지인 『문화전선』과『조선문학』,『문학예술』에 게재된 단편소설 중 이기영의「개벽」, 이북명의 「노동일가」,이태준의「첫 전투」 등 3편의 대표작을 선별하여 ‘인물 형상화’를 중심으로 북한문학의 문예이론과 텍스트의 미학적 균열 양상을 분석하였다. 그리하여 인물의 입체성을 중심으로 북한문학에서 복원되어야 할 대목의 필요성을 논구함으로써 해방기 북한문학의 유연성과 경직성을 함께 고찰하였다. 결국 사건 속에서 살아 있는 인물들의 내면 풍경을 집적함으로써 플롯의 개연성 확보를 통해 작품 내적 리얼리티를 확보하는 입체적 유연성이 필요함을 제기하였다.<BR> 이기영의 「개벽」은 ‘토지개혁’을 둘러싼 인물들의 개성적 성격을 입체적으로 포착하면서 지주 황주사의 불안감을 위시한 내면 풍경에서부터 ‘천지개벽된 세상’에 대한 원첨지의 불안과 기대를 유동하는 소심한 내면 풍경에 이르기까지 실감나게 묘사된다. 이북명의 단편소설「노동일가」는 ‘증산 경쟁을 다룬 노동소설’로서 북한에서 고평하는 ‘고상한 애국심과 헌신성을 지닌 인간형’으로서의 진구보다 ‘부정적 인물인 달호의 동요하는 심리’가 생생한 리얼리티를 제공한다는 점에서 유의미한 수작이라고 판단된다. 분단 이후 ‘빨찌산 문학의 기원’에 해당하는 이태준의「첫 전투」는 1948년 5월 남한의 5.10 단독선거 이후 강원도의 한 지서를 습격한 유격전을 추적하고 있는 소설로서, 대장 판돌의 동요하는 내면과 함께 반골 기질의 윤동무, 유격대 막내인 셋재의 형상이 자연스럽게 형상화되면서 3일간의 유격대 활동이 생생하게 포착된 작품이다.<BR> 이 세 작품의 공통된 특성은 긍정적 주인공들과 함께 부정적 인물들의 심리적 동요를 포착하면서 입체적 성격의 인물로 묘사함으로써 작품의 생동감과 리얼리티를 생생하게 살려내고 있다는 점이다. 그리고 이러한 요소들은 플롯의 개연성을 확보하고 있다는 점에서 ‘주체문학’으로 획일화되기 이전 북한문학의 미학적 원리를 보여준다. 특히 향후 수령형상문학과 당문학을 중시하는 북한문학에서 살려써야 할 대목으로 판단된다. ‘반동적 부르주아 사상의 잔재’라는 퇴폐 미학의 낙인이 아니라, 복잡다단한 인간의 내면풍경을 정밀하게 탐색하는 문학적 상상력을 복원하기 위해 되살려야 할 인물들의 풍부한 심리묘사인 것이다.

THE CRITICS OF THOMAS LICKONA’S CHARACTER EDUCATION: ISLAMIC PSYCHOLOGY PERSPECTIVE

This paper aims to explain the concept of Thomas Lickona's character education based on the study of Islamic psychology. Thomas character education is an educational design oriented to moral knowledge, moral feelings, and moral action. Overall character education can be defined as a way of thinking and behaving based on aspects of knowledge (cognitive), feelings (feeling), and action (action). Islamic psychology is considered relevant in examining aspects of psychology contained in Thomas Lickona's character education. Islamic psychology is literally a science that discusses human behavior and soul based on an Islamic perspective. The existence of a paradigm similarity in the character education of Thomas Lickona and Islamic Psychology is in terms of moral values ​​in Islam called morality. Islamic psychology has three concepts on how to implement a value, namely, aspects of Jismiah, Nafsiyah, and Ruhaniah are concepts in character building, which means there will be integrated structures in realizing the ideal character shape in the scientific frame of Islamic psychology

MOTIVASI BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM BAGI ANAK YATIM PIATU DALAM TINJAUAN SOSIAL

In general, social conditions affect children's activities and motivation in studying. Related to the issue, the discussion in this paper sees that children are a gift from Allah SWT that is always expected by every appropriate guidance with social development both in society and in family. However, not everyone can look after their children properly according to what is ordered by Allah SWT through religious teachings. For various causes and reasons, parents do not pay attention to the religious education of their children. In the end, the negative impact will be strongly felt by parents, especially for the children themselves. In order to forming religious education in children in these conditions, the community involvement is needed as a social element. The main factors influencing learning motivation of orphans are the factor from within (internal) and from outside (external). But the most fundamental is child psychology which is something that is not separated from human life itself, so that these condition of social differences become the most influencing factor for the orphans and neglected children in doing their learning activities. Thus, the conclusion is that social conditions are something highly determines the learning motivation that can change the level of self-confidence for the orphans. Hence, the cooperation of the government and observers of society condition must keep on trying to provide the supports in the form of attention, affection, guidance and also try to develop abilities and shape characters of the children, which are not only their intellectual capability but also their moral through various forms of religious education.

Shared variability in body shape characters at growing phase of indigenous piglets

Body measurement traits, body length (BL) , rump height (RH), rump length (RL), rump width (RW), shoulder width (SW), wither height (WH), heart girth (HG), and flank length (FL) of 52 piglets of indigenous breed, managed under traditional system were obtained at birth and at weaning, to evaluate the sources of shared variability and efficiency of weight determination. Factor analysis reveals four factors accounting for 89.53% at birth and three factors accounting for 73.52% at weaning. Most common variability in body dimension at birth and at weaning could be accounted for by factors representing general size and RL in both cases. Body conformation “shape” was controlled by common and unique factors at both ages. Amount of variation associated with shape characters increased with advancing age and accuracy of weight estimation decreased with increase in age.

Pendidikan Karakter Anak Usia Dini Berbasis Aqidah Akhlak

Character development must start early. Developing and shaping characters cannot bedone instantly. The primary character education comes from the family and theenvironment before school. The role of educators to direct and guide students is the keypoint. Character education based on aqidah ahlak (moral faith) is also very wellimplemented because Islam has taught what needs to be done to shape a person'scharacter. Islam has provided a lot of teachings in the Al-Qur'an and Hadith regarding howhumans learn and obtain good morals and behavior. This article aims to explain charactereducation for early childhood based on moral faith. By conducting qualitative researchmethod, this article is created by collecting data from books, related journals, ebooks, andpdf. This article contains the concept of moral faith education, the purpose of moral faitheducation, and the scope of moral faith. The concept and purpose of character educationbased on moral faith is the formation of children character. This character is formed in linewith what has been taught in Islam in which the goal is to create children possessing noblemorals.

A remarkably complete skeleton from the London Clay provides insights into the morphology and diversity of early Eocene zygodactyl near-passerine birds

Recognition of the zygodactyl parrots (Psittaciformes) as the closest extant relatives of passerines (Passeriformes) shed new light on the affinities of various Paleogene birds with a zygodactyl foot, which are now considered to be stem group representatives of the Passeriformes. However, most of these taxa are known only from compression fossils, which allow the recognition of a limited number of osteological details. Here, an exceptionally complete skeleton of a new species is described from the early Eocene London Clay of Walton-on-the-Naze (Essex, UK). Parapsittacopes bergdahli gen. et sp. nov. resembles Psittacopes lepidus (Psittacopedidae) from the Messel fossil site in Germany, from which it is distinguished in beak shape and several postcranial characters. Even though the phylogenetic analyses yielded conflicting tree topologies under different settings, all of the resultant phylogenies supported close affinities between Parapsittacopes, Psittacopes and the Eocene taxa Pumiliornis and Morsoravis. The three-dimensionally preserved bones of the P. bergdahli holotype exhibit subtle osteological characteristics of passeriform birds, which have not been reported from previously known fossils of closely related zygodactyl stem group taxa. The broad beak and low mandibular rami indicate that P. bergdahli may have caught insects by sallying flights from perches, and the new species therefore adds another feeding adaptation to the already diverse array of zygodactyl stem group Passeriformes with disparate feeding ecologies. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FD0E9DC4-961F-4460-9466-164E5EB42E4E

DIGITAL LITERACY AMONG CHILDREN IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS

The use of digital devices by children is on the rise and a better understanding of their usage behaviour can be helpful in designing better ways of imparting education. As per data from the Indonesia Internet Service Provider Association (APJII), in 2018, almost 50% of elementary school children were using the internet. However, an introduction to digital technologies is not included under the topics covered in state elementary schools in Indonesia. Field work involving teachers and children in state and non-state elementary schools, officials in ministries, ICT vendors, parents were conducted through interviews, observations and workshops related to the use of digital technology to better understand the digital behaviour of children. It was found that elementary school children get exposed to digital technology at a very early age and while the duration of use varies according to parental involvement and awareness, the content consumed by children is, in most cases, not appropriate for their age. This study illustrates that monitoring digital use among children is currently a challenge for parents, and digital literacy, which includes introduction to both positive and negative effects of digital devices as well as appropriate digital use behaviour, should become an important part of the theme of learning in elementary schools in Indonesia to ensure digital technologies help in the shaping of children's attitudes and character, in a manner that is valued and beneficial to the society.&#x0D; Kata Kunci: literasi digital, pemanfaatan digital oleh anak sekolah dasar, pengenalan digital pada anak&#x0D; &#x0D; Abstract – Use of digital devices by children is on the rise and a better understanding of their usage behaviour can be helpful in designing better ways of imparting education. As per data from the Indonesia Internet Service Provider Association (APJII), in 2018, almost 50% of elementary school children were using the internet. However, an introduction to digital technologies is not included under the topics covered in state elementary schools in Indonesia. Field work involving teachers and children in state and non-state elementary schools, officials in ministries, ICT vendors, parents were conducted over a six-month study period to better understand the digital behaviour of children. It was found that elementary school children get exposed to digital technology at a very early age and while the duration of use varies according to parental involvement and awareness, the content consumed by children is, in most cases, not appropriate for their age. This study illustrates that monitoring digital use among children is currently a challenge for parents, and digital literacy, which includes introduction to both positive and negative effects of digital devices as well as appropriate digital use behaviour, should become an important part of the theme of learning in elementary schools in Indonesia to ensure digital technologies help in the shaping of children's attitudes and character, in a manner that is valued and beneficial to the society.

Classification of flower images using SVM method through the colour, texture and shape using Histogram, Haar Wavelet and Robert Cross methods

Flowers are one of the plants that offer a beauty that makes the environment more beautiful and attractive. Not only a decoration, but flowers are also used as cut flowers, sowing flowers and herbal medicine. flowers that grow in Indonesia have two forms, namely the form of a flower and a bunch. In the classification of flower characteristics taken from the flower, images are characteristics of colour, texture and shape. The purpose of this system design is to make a classification of flowers that grow in Indonesia that have different colour, texture and shape characters using the Histogram, Haar Wavelet and Robert Cross methods to get the value of features to be made vector and used on SVM method to determine the types of flowers. SVM is a classifier that has the advantage of being able to process high-dimensional data, without eliminating significant performance degradation. From the experiment of this Indonesian flower classification application, the accuracy of classification success results in the test interest of 81.67% by using the colour, texture and shape features of the extraction results with the Histogram, Haar Wavelet and Robert Cross methods and classified by the SVM method with Linear, Polynomial kernel and RBF.

A review of the Chinese monotypic genus Melliodendron (Styracaceae), with a new synonym of M. xylocarpum

Critical specimen examination and in vivo observations show that Melliodendron xylocarpum var. roseolum is morphologically no different from M. xylocarpum var. xylocarpum, with respect to purported diagnostic characters of twig shape and petal colour, as well as other fundamental characters, and should not be recognised as distinct and is here treated as a synonym of the nominate variety. A discussion of the morphological variation and geographical distribution of M. xylocarpum is given, as well as lectotypification of the synonyms.

STUDY OF PROCESSING THE SHELLS AS EMBELLISHMENT MATERIAL WITH BEADING TECHNIQUES

There are 4 shell processing in the creative industry world is an innovation of surface embellishment design with the application of beading techniques. Utilization of each character shells good surface shape and color, further for processing shell clams that such kind of scallop and abalone, where both types of shells have significantly differenced and produce variations. This research methods using the comparative method by examining the results of exploration based on shell shape characters, modular composition, color characters and application techniques. The results of this study are information that these two types of shells are innovations of variations in material embellishment by means of processing, proper techniques and utilizing the character of each shell will provide more value as a surface design. It’s hoped to be beneficial to the creative industry worlds as a variety sustainable material.

Features of digitally captured signatures vs. pen and paper signatures: Similar or completely different?

The question of whether digitally captured signatures and conventional signatures executed with a pen on paper differ in their characteristics is of practical relevance for forensic handwriting examiners. Due to gaps in the current literature, the present research is dedicated to this issue. Eighty persons signed in three conditions: a) with a stylus on a pad, b) with an inking pen on a sticky note attached to a signature pad allowing to obtain a digital and an analogue version on paper of one and the same writing simultaneously, and c) with a pen on paper. The first step was to investigate to what extent the character shape and number of pen lifts differ between the digital and analogue representation of one and the same signature. This revealed minor differences which are due to technical characteristics of the devices used. The observed distortions are of minor practical relevance according to ratings by eight participating forensic handwriting examiners. Subsequently, signature characteristics were compared between the three different writing conditions in a casework-oriented way. Statistical multi-level models indicate significant differences between the three signature types, but minor effect sizes in most of the examined characteristics. From the point of view of the participating handwriting examiners, these factors do not fundamentally restrict the comparability between digitally captured and conventional signatures in practice. However, caution should be exercised when generalising the results, as several factors, such as the usage of different signature pads as well as signatures made with the finger instead of a stylus, could result in more important differences compared to pen and paper signatures.

Implementasi pendidikan karakter dan pengajaran bahasa Indonesia di Sekolah dasar Inklusi Kota Madiun

Learning is an activity designed for the student learning process. Learning is a process of interaction between students and teachers by utilizing learning resources in a learning environment. One of the learning objectives is to build the character and character of students. In building character, it cannot be done once, but requires a long process. Character in other terms is said to be character or character. By implementing character education in inclusive schools, students are expected to have the same potential and do not feel that they are differentiated from normal children. Inclusive education requires a good environment so that students can emulate and habituate from childhood and provide reinforcement. The environment is the first and foremost shape of the child's character from the womb, birth, and until adulthood. Through parenting and the environment (family-community-school), the process of intervention and character habituation is formed. Inclusive education or children with special needs is very unique and special. In some aspects, adjustments, patience, and enthusiasm from the teacher are needed in guiding, guiding, and modeling. In this article, it is necessary to study character building, character education, types of character, inclusive education, and the implementation of character education in inclusive schools in order to get a clear picture for all parties.