Shape-changing Interface Research Articles

Shape-changing Interface Design with the User-defined Form and Self-sensing Capability

Shape-changing Interface Design with the User-defined Form and Self-sensing Capability

SSpoon

One key strategy of combating obesity is to slow down eating; however, this is difficult to achieve due to people's habitual nature. In this paper, we explored the feasibility of incorporating shape-changing interface into an eating spoon to directly intervene in undesirable eating behaviour. First, we investigated the optimal dimension (i.e., Z-depth) and ideal range of spoon transformation for different food forms that could affect bite size while maintaining usability. Those findings allowed the development of SSpoon prototype through a series of design explorations that are optimised for user's adoption. Then, we applied two shape-changing strategies: instant transformations based on food forms and subtle transformations based on food intake) and examined in two comparative studies involving a full course meal using Wizard-of-Oz approach. The results indicated that SSpoon could achieve comparable effects to a small spoon (5ml) in reducing eating rate by 13.7-16.1% and food consumption by 4.4-4.6%, while retaining similar user satisfaction as a normal eating spoon (10ml). These results demonstrate the feasibility of a shape-changing eating utensil as a promising alternative to combat the growing concern of obesity.

Length Perception Model for Handheld Controllers: The Effects of Diameter and Inertia.

Typical handheld controllers for interaction in virtual reality (VR) have fixed shapes and sizes, regardless of what visual objects they represent. Resolving this crossmodal incongruence with a shape-changing interface is our long-term goal. In this paper, we seek to find a length perception model that considers the moment of inertia (MOI) and diameter of a handheld object based on the concept of dynamic touch. Such models serve as a basis for computational algorithms for shape changing. We carried out two perceptual experiments. In Experiment 1, we measured the perceived lengths of 24 physical objects with different MOIs and diameters. Then we obtained a length perception model to reproduce the desired perceived length with a handheld controller. In Experiment 2, we validated our model in a crossmodal matching scenario, where a visual rod was matched to a haptic rod in terms of the perceived length. Our results contribute to understanding the relationship between the perceived length and physical properties of a handheld object and designing shape-changing algorithms to render equivalent visual and haptic sensory cues for length perception in VR.

A novel method to generate the geometry of a surface actuator

This paper presents the design, evaluation, and implementation of a continuous surface actuator. A surface actuator as a shape-changing interface can facilitate the modeling process in interactive product design approaches by rendering products in 3D space for better understanding and visualization. Controlling the deformation of a continuous tactile surface using a pneumatic air pressure mechanism holds promise as a tangible haptic interface. Previous haptic actuators could only provide physical point contact with the user’s hand. In this article, a three-dimensional (3D) surface is produced to simulate the shape of a desired continuous object. To investigate the mechanical behavior of this deformable surface, the hyperelastic Yeoh model is employed to numerically simulate the experimental system behavior. The parameters of the hyperelastic material have been characterized by a tensile test. An experimental setup is developed to produce an arbitrary spherical shape containing specific deformations. For validation purposes, the surface shape has been scanned and compared with the finite element simulation results.

Analysis and Classification of Shape-Changing Interfaces for Design and Application-based Research

Shape-changing interfaces are physically tangible, interactive devices, surfaces, or spaces that allow for rich, organic, and novel experiences with computational devices. Over the last 15 years, research has produced functional prototypes over many use applications; reviews have identified themes and possible future directions but have not yet looked at possible design or application-based research. Here, we gather this information together to provide a reference for designers and researchers wishing to build upon existing prototyping work, using synthesis and discussion of existing shape-changing interface reviews and comprehensive analysis and classification of 84 shape-changing interfaces. Eight categories of prototype are identified alongside recommendations for the field.

“It’s like holding a human heart”: the design of Vital + Morph, a shape-changing interface for remote monitoring

Based on the concept of data physicalization, we developed Vital + Morph, an interactive surface for remote connection and awareness of clinical data. It enables users located in remote places to monitor and feel the vital signs measured from a hospitalized person through shape-change. We propose shape-changing interfaces as a way of making data physicalization a richer, intriguing and memorable experience that communicates complex information and insights about data. To demonstrate and validate our proposed concept, we developed an exploratory study about the design and its implications. For evaluating the social impact of shape-changing interfaces in the context of remote monitoring, we presented Vital + Morph in several Media Art festivals. We collected and analyzed the feedback from the visitors during the exhibitions, and discussed the possibilities of the proposed system. A preliminary evaluation shows how shape-changing displays are perceived by users, which establishes not only the potential benefits but also highlights the concerns that several users have raised. Through this study, we aim to contribute to the design of remote monitoring systems by providing a novel approach for displaying clinical data that consider the richness of the physical world. In today’s information-driven society, we should not just focus on how abstract data are collected and analyzed, but also on how it can be presented and incorporated into our daily lives.

Contents Experience Analysis according to Deformation Types of Shape-changing Interface

Contents Experience Analysis according to Deformation Types of Shape-changing Interface