Shading Nets Research Articles

Covering young ‘Reed’ avocado trees with shading nets during winter alleviates cold stress and promotes vegetative growth

Covering young ‘Reed’ avocado trees with shading nets during winter alleviates cold stress and promotes vegetative growth

Study on change in microenvironment under different colour shade nets and its impact on yield of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)

Field experiment was undertaken at research farm of IARI, New Delhi to study the effect of change in the microenvironment under different colour shade nets during summer and rainy season, of 2012 on yield of spinach. Spinach crop was sown under different colour shade nets such as red, green, black, white along with control (without shade net) during summer and rainy season. Crop duration from sowing to harvesting was 62 days in summer and 58 days in rainy season. Different weather parameters were measured at regular interval in each treatment. Results showed that the light intensity, incoming radiation, canopy temperature, air temperature, soil temperature were found to be lower under different colour shade nets compared to the control. However the relative humidity, soil moisture were found to be higher under colour shade nets compared to control.

Color Shade Nets Affect Plant Growth and Seasonal Leaf Quality of Camellia sinensis Grown in Mississippi, the United States.

Shading modifies the microenvironment and can provide plants with some protection from frequent heat, drought, frost, and hail induced by climate change and has the potential to improve plant growth, yield, and quality. Tea (Camellia sinensis) is an ancient plant originating from tropical and subtropical regions and prefers to grow in partial shade under the forest canopy. The emerging tea industry in the United States (US) requires research support on establishing tea fields in novel environmental conditions as well as on producing high-quality tea products. This study investigated the effects of black, blue, and red shade nets on tea plant growth and seasonal leaf qualities in the southeastern US with a humid subtropical climate. When compared to no-shade control, black, blue, and red shade nets increased plant growth index (PGI), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and stomatal conductance (gs), decreased air and leaf surface temperatures in summer, and reduced cold damage in winter. No significant difference was found among the black, blue, and red shade nets on tea plant growth. Varying contents of total polyphenols, carbohydrates, free amino acids, L-theanine, gallic acid, caffeine, and catechins in fresh tea leaves were observed among different shade treatments and harvesting seasons. 69.58% of the variations were depicted in a biplot by principal component analysis. Red shade was considered helpful for improving green tea quality by increasing the content of L-theanine and free amino acids in tea leaves collected in spring and fall when compared to no-shade control.

Effect of Colored Shading Nets on the Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Sweet Pepper Grown under Semi-arid Conditions

Colored shading nets have been increasingly studied in semi-arid crop production systems, primarily because of their ability to reduce solar radiation with the attendant reductions in air, plant, and soil temperatures. However, there is a paucity of research concerning the impact of colored shading nets on various crops grown under semi-arid environments, particularly the sweet pepper (Capsicum annum) production system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of three colored shading net treatments (i.e., white, green, and black shading nets with 50% shading intensity and control with unshaded conditions) on the growth and instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE) of sweet pepper. The results showed that all colored shading nets exhibited significantly lower daytime air temperatures and light intensity (22 to 28 °C and 9992 lx, respectively) compared with the control (32 to 37 °C and 24,973 lx, respectively). There were significant differences in sweet pepper growth performance among treatments, including plant height, shoot dry weight, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, and vitamin C in ripened fruit. The enhanced photosynthetic rates were observed in sweet pepper plants under the colored shading nets compared with control plants. WUE increased among the colored shading net treatments in the following order: control ≤ white < black < green. Overall, the application of green and black shading nets to sweet pepper production systems under semi-arid environments significantly enhanced plant growth responses and WUE.

Response of Plant Growth and Development, and Accumulation of Hydroxyl-cinnamoyl Acid Derivatives to Selected Shade Nets and Seasonality of Field-grown Bush Tea (Athrixia phylicoides DC.)

Horticultural practices and quality of bush tea (Athrixia phylicoides DC.) are critical for herbal tea industrialization. The objective of the current study was to determine the effect of selected shade nets and seasonal variation on plant growth and development, and hydroxycinnamic acid content of field-grown bush tea. The trial was laid out in a randomized complete block design consisting of three shade nets (black, green, and white) and control or full sunlight with three different light intensities (40%, 50%, and 80%) replicated three times. Proportion of intercepted radiation by the canopy, chlorophyll content, plant height, and fresh and dry mass were measured, and hydroxycinnamic acid accumulation was determined. In addition, hydroxycinnamic acid composition was determined using liquid chromatography linked to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The application of shade nets resulted in plant growth and yield reduction as compared with the plants exposed to full sunlight during summer followed by white shade net. The accumulation of hydroxycinnamic acid was higher in 80% white shade net plots compared with unshaded plants (control) and the other shade nets. Therefore, lack of shading provides a conducive environment to enhance plant growth and development of bush tea. The white shade net (80%) was an effective microclimate tool to enhance accumulation of caffeoylquinic acid (m/z 353), p-coumaric acids (m/z 337), dicaffeoylquinic acid (m/z 515), and tricaffeoylquinic acids of bush tea. This study is the first to demonstrate light as a determining factor for production of chlorogenates in bush tea plants. Future studies will be conducted to determine the effect of light on extracts of the bush tea using different solvents.

Light intensities alter growth and essential oil of patchouli under shade nets

ABSTRACT: Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. is an aromatic species popularly known as patchouli. The essential oil rich in patchoulol extracted from leaves is used by the pharmaceutical industries. The objective was to investigate the effects of shade nets and shading intensities on P. cablin growth, anatomy, chemical composition and essential oil content. The experiment was conducted with two types of shade nets (black and Aluminet), three light intensities (30, 50, and 70% shading) and full sun. The different light intensities influenced the growth and the essential oil yield, and chemical composition. Patchouli plants grown in an environment with shading showed higher values for the leaf, stem, root ant total dry weights compared to full sun. At 50% of shading, Aluminet provided gain in stem and total dry weights. Aluminet and black net at 50 and 70% of shading enhance essential oil yield. Patchoulol and pogostol contents were higher under full sun, and, black net and Aluminet at 50% shading. The environment for patchouli cultivation can be improved by use shade nets, especially with Aluminet at 50% of shading.

Aspects of photosynthesis and metabolic compounds in seedlings Talisia esculenta (A. St. Hil) Radlk under different shading nets

The light directly affects the phytosanitary processes of plants, variations in plant length conditions and conditions directly affecting the production of environmental conditions and variations as well as pigments. In this study, this study aims to evaluate the changes that occur in the gas exchange process and in the production of metabolites in Talisia esculenta seedlings, through the use of colored shading screens. The seeds of T. esculenta were used, which were used in an alternative way, which were sown replacement in substrate (vermiculite: polypropylene), molded to the following treatments in the blue mesh, which were replaced by black and white treatments, which constituted the following treatments. The design was completely randomized with three of six seeds each, totaling eighteen seeds for treatment. After 180 days, plants already defined, the levels of pigments and phenolic compounds were defined. The results of increased energy and protection of wave modulation settings by secondary shadow networks of energy reserves and photoinhibition protection from secondary photoinhibition. Plants are white Talisia esculenta, similar to more identical interpretation shading, such as starch grains and also higher chlorophyll contents. The construction mesh provides the best development of Talisia esculenta (A. St. Hil) Radlk plants.

The Influence of Hail Protection Net Application on the Yield Capacity and Quality of Eggplant and Pepper in Conditions of Ararat Valley, RA

To obtain high quality and abundant yield product from vegetable crops, it is necessary to improve cultivation technology by applying new agricultural measures and introducing modern agricultural systems, which will allow to obtain competitive products in the market at low costs. Research has been carried out at the ANAU Voskehat experimental farm in 2022. During the research respective eggplant and pepper varieties were cultivated in open field with hail protection net shading. The experimental data showed that net shading had positive effect on the growth, development, quantity and quality of eggplant and pepper yield, providing 45 and 22 c per-hectare yield surplus, respectively.

光强对4种鸭跖草科植物生长和光合特性的影响

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 光强对4种鸭跖草科植物生长和光合特性的影响 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202009202445 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD1000406）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助基金（2572017EA04）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（2572017BA08） Effects of light intensity on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of four Commelinaceae plants Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为探究4种鸭跖草科植物对不同光环境的适应能力，以紫鸭跖草、花叶水竹草、吊竹梅、绿叶水竹草4种植物为试验材料，利用遮光网设置5种光强梯度（分别为自然光强的100%、75%、50%、25%、5%），研究不同光强对4种植物生长和光合特性的影响。结果表明：随光强的减弱，4种植物的叶面积、比叶面积、株高、叶片夹角显著增加，但紫鸭跖草在5%自然光强下叶面积显著降低，同时降低的光强显著降低了4种植物叶片的上下表皮厚度和叶片厚度，以及紫鸭跖草、花叶水竹草和绿叶水竹草的栅栏组织厚度、花叶水竹草和绿叶水竹草的海绵组织厚度，但4种植物的栅栏组织和海绵组织比未发生显著变化。紫鸭跖草和花叶水竹草的Chl a、Chl b和Chl （a+b）含量随光强的降低呈先升后降趋势，而吊竹梅和绿叶水竹草的Chl a、Chl b和Chl（a+b）含量则显著升高。与100%自然光强和5%自然光强相比，4种植物在25%-75%自然光强下，能保持高的气孔开度、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳浓度和蒸腾速率。研究表明，4种鸭跖草科植物具有较强的光适应性，可以通过调整植株形态、叶片解剖结构、光合色素含量、气孔开度和导度的方式在弱光环境中（25%-75%自然光强）增强对光的捕获和利用能力，保持较高的净光合速率，从而保证植株体在弱光环境中进行正常的生命活动。 Abstract:In this research, four Commelinaceae plants (Commelina purpurea, Tradescantia zebrina, Tradescantia flurnuensis ‘Variegata’, and Tradescantia flurnuensis ‘Vairidia’) were used as experimental materials to explore the influence of different light intensities on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics. Shading nets of different densities were used to create five light environments with 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, and 5% of natural light intensity, respectively. The results indicated that the leaf area, specific leaf area, plant height, and leaf angle of the four plants increased significantly with the decrease of light intensity, but the leaf area of Commelina purpurea was significantly reduced in the 5% natural light intensity. Simultaneously, the reduction of light intensity significantly reduced the upper and lower epidermis and leaf thickness of the four plant leaves, as well as the thickness of the palisade tissue of Commelina purpurea, Tradescantia zebrina and Tradescantia flurnuensis ‘Vairidia’, the thickness of the sponge tissue of Tradescantia zebrina and Tradescantia flurnuensis ‘Vairidia’, but the ratio of palisade and sponge tissue of the four plants did not change significantly. The contents of Chl a, Chl b and Chl (a+b) in Commelina purpurea and Tradescantia zebrina increased first and then decreased with the decrease of light intensity. The contents of Chl a, Chl b and Chl (a+b) in Tradescantia flurnuensis ‘Variegata’ and Tradescantia flurnuensis ‘Vairidia’ increased significantly. Compared with 100% natural light intensity and 5% natural light intensity, the four plants can maintain high stomata opening, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate under 25%-75% natural light intensity. In summary, to ensure the normal growth without restriction in low-light environment, the considerable light adaptability of the four Commelinaceae plants can be generated in diverse ways by adjusting the plant morphology, leaf anatomical structure, photosynthetic pigment content, stomata opening and conduction to capture and use light efficiently, maintain a relatively high net photosynthetic rate in low light environments (25%-75% natural light intensity). 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Establishment of Organic Terrace Garden and Cultivation of Nutritious Vegetables

In urban areas garden spaces are reduced in size everyday due to human impact on ecosystem. People living in urban and peri-urban areas don’t have enough space for kitchen gardening or home gardening. The only places that one can grow their own vegetables are terraces and balcony. The main aim of this study is to create awareness on all aspects of growing own organic vegetables and establishment of organic terrace garden. For the establishment of organic terrace garden, space was selected in the department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore. The area was covered by using green shade nets. Different sizes of grow bags were selected for the cultivation of vegetables, fruits, greens and medicinal plants. The organic fertilizers and manures like vermicompost, Farm Yard Manure, panchagavya, NPK consortium were used. Neem oil was used to control the pests. Drip irrigation setup was placed in the terrace garden for irrigating the plants. The ornamental plants were planted in the hanging pots and plastic pots to beautify the environment. Students are motivated and trained for the establishment of organic terrace garden and cultivation of vegetables.

Effects of fertiliser application and shading on pomological properties and chemical composition of Aronia melanocarpa fruit in organic production

ABSTRACT Agronomic and chemical parameters of chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) with respect to the effects of different rates of fertiliser and of net shading were evaluated in a plantation that was in the fifth and sixth year of cultivation. Two commercial organic fertilisers, Fertor and Siforga, were applied at four rates (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 t ha−1), and shading was applied with two types of green polyethylene shading nets, retaining 30% and 50% of sunlight, respectively. Among the pomological characteristics, the clearest difference was observed for the number of clusters, which, in the second year, was significantly increased by both factors. The number of clusters was shown to have the highest correlation with the yield of berries. In the first year, only the higher rates of fertilisation affected the yields, but in the second year, the yields were significantly increased by all of the fertiliser treatments, compared with the control. For metabolic parameters such as dry matter, soluble solids, titratable acidity, sugars and ascorbic acid, the effects of the treatments were inconsistent. Only the highest rates of the fertilisers and the dark net had significant positive effects on the total phenolics. The concentrations of hyperoside in fruit from the shaded shrubs were significantly higher than in the control, with a similar pattern also for isoquercetin, but only for the dark net. Concentrations of the other individual phenolic compounds differed only slightly.

The Effect of Temperature and Relative Humidity Inside The Shade Netting on The Growth of Pepper Fruiting Branch Cuttings

Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) has many benefits, especially in its seeds, commonly used as a food flavoring. Pepper effectively increases appetite, increases the digestive glands' activity, and accelerates fatty substances' digestion. In general, pepper production per unit area in Indonesia is low. The average is below 1 ton of dry pepper per hectare. This low productivity is mainly due to inadequate cultivation techniques, such as improper fertilization and inadequate care. The development of pepper cultivation is still running slowly due to the many obstacles faced by farmers. This productivity could be increased if farmers could apply good and correct cultivation techniques. Generally, pepper cultivation in Indonesia uses standards. This technique is expensive and requires intensive maintenance. The pepper seeds commonly planted by farmers come from running shoots. The experimental design used was the split-plot design with shade netting as the first factor and the administration of husk charcoal as the second factor. Other factors observed were climatic factors, including temperature and relative humidity, bird bud burst time, sprouting time, and root-shoot ratio. The results indicated that the shade netting and husk charcoal treatment on the planting medium significantly affected bird bud burst time, sprouting time, and root-shoot ratio. This study aimed to investigate the effect of climate on the growth of pepper cuttings. The results indicated that the best bird bud burst time occurred in treatment n0 (100%), a0 (1:1) 34.67 days, and not significantly different from n0 (100%) a2 (0: 1) 35.00 days. The best sprouting time occurred in treatment n0 (100%) a2 (0: 1) 32.00 days, not significantly different from n0 (100%) a0 (1: 1) 32.50 days. The root-shoot ratio was significantly different in treatment n0 (100%) a1 (1; 0) 5.28 g.

Pearl Grey Shading Net Boosts the Accumulation of Total Carotenoids and Phenolic Compounds That Accentuate the Antioxidant Activity of Processing Tomato.

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most consumed vegetables worldwide due to its low caloric intake and high fiber, minerals, and phenolic compounds, making it a high-quality functional food. However, fruit quality attributes can be affected by pre-harvest factors, especially environmental stresses. This research aimed to evaluate the influence of two shading nets (white net −30% and pearl grey net −40% shading degree) on the yield and phytochemical profile of tomato fruits grown in summer under the Mediterranean climate. Mineral and organic acid content (by ion chromatography-IC), phenolic profile (by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-UHPLC coupled with an Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry-HRMS), carotenoid content (by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection-HPLC-DAD), and antioxidant activities DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP (by UV-VIS spectrophotometry) were determined. Tomato fruits grown under the pearl grey net recorded the highest values of total phenolic compounds (14,997 µg 100 g−1 of fresh weight) and antioxidant activities DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP, without affecting either fruit color or marketable yield. The reduction of solar radiation through pearl grey nets proved to be an excellent tool to increase the phytochemical quality of tomato fruits during summer cultivation in a Mediterranean environment.

Photo Selective Shade Net: An Effective Tool to Reduce the Impact of Global Warming and Pesticide Residues in Vegetable Production: A Review

Photo selective shade net is a product made of plastic fibers connected together with each other, forming a regular porous structure and allowing gases, liquid and light to pass through. It has a capacity to selectively filter the intercepted solar radiation, in addition to their protective function. Vegetables are considered as protective food which are highly perishable in nature. High temperature due to global warming, climate change and excessive use of chemicals are some of the burning issues of vegetable production. Photo selective shade net can be a partial solution for these problems. Vegetable crops grown under different photo selective shade net shows productive responses thus by application of various Photo selective shade nets we can improve the quality as well as production of vegetable crops.

Pigments in flower stems of lisianthus under different photoselective shade nets

Abstract The lisianthus culture is demanded to produce cut flowers and pot vases, grown in a greenhouse using advanced techniques. The present study aimed to evaluate the pigments of different lisianthus cultivars in different photoselective shade nets. The cultivars Flare Deep Rose (pink), Echo Blue BL (purple) and Allemande White BI (white) were cultivated under light-diffusing polyethylene film cover and blue and red color photoselective nets with a shading capacity of 30%, in addition to the control treatment, without the use of the net. The results showed higher values of chlorophyll b and total in the red photoselective net, independent of the cultivar. Leaf colorimetry showed the most intense shade of green was from the cultivar Echo Blue BL. On the other hand, the control showed more intensity, with no significant difference in the leaf green intensity on the blue and red shade nets. In the petals, the cultivar Echo Blue BL showed a more intense blue shade in the red net, however low grade of anthocyanin than in the blue one. In the anthocyanin pigment, this cultivar had lower levels in the treatment of the red net. The results indicate that the use of photoselective shade nets in the culture of lisianthus changes the content of the pigments studied, in varying intensity, depending on the cultivar.

Effect of Shading Nets on Yield, Leaf Biomass and Petiole Nutrients of a Muscat of Alexandria Vineyard Growing under Hyper-Arid Conditions

Background: Currently, viticulture is exposed to extreme weather fluctuations and global warming, thus the implementation of short-term adaptation strategies to mitigate climate change impacts will be of a wide importance for the sustainability and competitiveness of wine industry. This research aimed to study the effect of shading nets on the viticultural performance of a Muscat of Alexandria vineyard growing under hyper-arid conditions. Methods: Three treatments were randomly arranged in the vineyard: (i) a control (without shading), (ii) a white shading net (25% of shading), and (iii) a black shading net (40% of shading). Subsequently, yield, vine vigor, berry composition, leaf biomass and petiole nutrient content were assessed. Results: Both shading nets decreased the incidence of solar radiation in vines. The application of white shading nets induced a high bunch weight and a higher number of berries per bunch than the black shading nets. Black shading nets increased pruning weight, decreased Ravaz index and induced a considerably accumulation of soluble solids in grapes. This treatment also decreased bunch weight and the number of berries per bunch, and increased rachis length compared to control. Black shading nets decreased Mg petiole content, leaf dry weight and leaf biomass at flowering compared to uncovered vines. Conclusions: Shading considerably affected the viticultural performance of Muscat of Alexandria vines growing under hyper-arid conditions, modifying yield, leaf biomass and petiole nutrients.

Assessment of Physiology and Quality Performances of Cut Foliage Plant (Asparagus plumosus) under Coloured Shade Nets

The investigations were carried out during 2016–17 and 2017–18 under three different coloured shade nets (white, green and red) along with the controlled environment (open condition) at Horticultural Research Station, Mondouri, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal, India to study the production behavior of Asparagus plumosus, India. The experiments were arranged in Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications and maintained in pots. Similar management practices were followed for all the treatments throughout the growing period. The pooled data of two years revealed that plants grown under the green shade net showed significant improvement in all the vegetative parameters i.e. plant height (109.6 cm), plant spread (70.67 cm), leaf length (33.35 cm), leaf breadth (22.00 cm) and petiole girth (0.80 cm), whereas lowest data observed in the plants maintained without any shade net. The leaf production was also better in the plants raised under green shade net than other treatments. The highest number of leaves per plant and leaf longevity was found in green shade net treatment. The leaf production interval was remarkably lowest in the plants grown under green shade net. The leaf quality was better under green shade net in terms of colour intensity, vase life and chlorophyll content. The green shade net gave overall better performance regarding both physiological and quality parameters and can be suitable for commercial cultivation.

Shading of Medical Plants Affects the Phytochemical Quality of Herbal Extracts

The manipulation of light intensity by shade nets can lead to exchanges in the phytochemical quality and antioxidants ofsome herbs. This study aimed to determine whether shading by pearl nets (50% shade index) could improve the bioactive compounds in several medicinal herbs such as thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), marjoram (Origanum majorana L.), oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.), and peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), and their correspondingherbal extracts during a four-week maceration process in ethanol. Oregano and thyme provided the highest yield of total extractive substances (TES) from both shaded and non-shaded plants. Among all studied herbs, the highest level of antioxidants, expressed as total phenolic content (TPC) was found in extracts from shaded plants of lemon balm. Herbal extracts produced from non-shaded thyme and marjoram had higher flavonoid contents compared to herbal extracts from shaded plants. Accumulation of the investigated secondary metabolites depends more on the specificity of a plant species rather than light intensity. This study was an initial step in the production of medicinal plants with an increased quantity of antioxidant and other bioactive compounds during the maceration process in extracts, aimed to be used as natural alcoholic productwith added value.

Effects of Colored Shade Nets on Grapes and Leaves of Shine Muscat Grown under Greenhouse Conditions

Greenhouse grapes are often ripened at very high temperatures in the south of China, however, high temperatures are detrimental to their ripening. To moderate the strong light and high temperature conditions of the growing environment, different colored shade nets (green, blue, and black) were used to cover Shine Muscat (<i>Vitis labruscana</i> L.H. Bailey × <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.) grapes during the ripening period. Differences in the cooling effect, fruit appearance and taste, and leaf photosynthetic performance were analyzed. It was found that the shading treatment exerted a significant cooling effect, and the light transmittance of blue and green shade nets was significantly higher than that of the black shade net. Shine Muscat grapes grown under shading treatment conditions were found to have more consistent total soluble solids content and coloring. Shading was found to affect the aroma of grapes, but the effect of the green shade net treatment was lower. The shading treatments slightly alleviated the senescence of old leaves. The shading treatments were found to improve the consistency of Shine Muscat grape berries. Of the shading treatments, the green and blue shade nets were found to be most effective and can be used to cultivate high quality grapes.

Effects of low light intensity on radiation use efficiency and productivity of tropical pulses

Pulses have distinct morpho-physiological response under reduced sunlight. But little is known for their capacity to adapt to the level of shading encountered in crop mixtures. Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the pulses under artificial shade during rainy season at Raichur, Karnataka. Objectives were to select potential pulse crop tolerant to shade based on productivity and radiation use efficiency (RUE). Experiment was laid out in split-plot design, wherein light intensity (unshade, 50 and 75% shade) in main plots and pigeon-pea, cowpea, lablab and black-gram were in sub plots. Shade levels were created by the erection of white shade nets at 25 DAS continued upto harvest. Results indicated that irrespective of the crop more pods, grain, stover and protein yield were recorded under unshade. While, pigeon-pea and lablab were produced significantly higher yield under unshade, however, these were also well performed under 50 per cent shade over black-gram and cowpea. However, seeds crude protein was higher in shaded plants compared to unshaded. Significantly higher RUE (2.22 gMJ-1) was recorded in pigeon-pea under 75 per cent shade and lowest in unshaded lablab (0.35 gMJ-1) and black-gram (0.40 g MJ-1). Results inferred that pigeon-pea and lablab were found tolerant to shade compared to cowpea and black-gram and may be suitable for crop mixtures cultivation.