Author Sets Research Articles

Герои-читатели в романе «Бесы». Грустное торжество «Апокалипсиса»

The paper analyses the phenomenon of being a reader compared with the phenomenon of being an author in Dostoevsky’s novel The Possessed, which has got the reputation of the most literary novel of the writer. For Dostoevsky, who was an intense and all-consuming reader from early youth, the purpose of reading was to draw from the books he read the art of creation, to take lessons in the craft of writing from fellow writers. In The Possessed the characters, engulfed by the powerful passion of literary creation with all its risks and adversities, form a kind of “authors’ union.” However, it is also a “readers’ union,” and the selfless experience of being a reader, devoid of egoism and ambition, proves to be constructive and transforming. Various and multifaceted books are involved in the lives of the characters of The Possessed. They turn to books for advice, consolation, or as a warning of danger. Of special importance are “well-thumbed books”: quite often, they tell us about their readers more than words and actions. The book that the author set on a character’s writing desk sometimes contains both the riddle of the character and the solution to it. The paper shows how, as the events in the novel become more and more macabre, leading to the disaster, the tone and the contents of literary reflections change radically. After many calamities in the universe of the novel remains the only Book around which the characters try to gather: the Apocalypse. The Apocalypse in The Possessed is indeed a Book in the book, and we can see how the novel’s characters strive to understand its message and accept it.

Manipulative strategies and tactics in Joe Biden’s presidential victory speech

The study was carried out within the framework of political linguistics. The article provides an analysis of the strategies and tactics of Joe Biden in his victory speech in the presidential election on November 7, 2020. The author sets himself the task of studying the self­presentation of a politician. The paper examines the main characteristics of political discourse, the results of the study provide examples of various tactics and strategies that the president used in his speech. The task of the study is to identify and analyze various speech tactics, and an attempt is made to justify their use. The following tactics were identified and analyzed: tactics of association, identification, highlighting positive information, illustration, citation and tactics of discrediting the opponent. The result of the analysis showed that it is important for the president to create a positive image in front of the American people, his speech is filled with patriotic statements and gratitude to his electorate. The relevance of the work is due to the growing interest in political discourse on the example of American politicians. It was concluded that Joe Biden positions himself as a confident leader of the American people, who is destined to change the lives of citizens for the better and strengthen the grandness of his country.

Volunteer Fire Brigade (OSP) Firefighting Sports Competitions in the Context of Key Problems of Contemporary Rural Poland

Volunteer Fire Brigades (OSPs) are the most numerous and widespread category of rural nongovernmental organisations in Poland. The emergency rescue focus of their activity is conducive to undertaking initiatives in the field of sports, i.e. projects aiming to improve the physical fitness and technical skills of volunteer firefighters. Firefighting sports competitions are the main form of sports rivalry among firefighters. Due to the fact of their long-time and regular organisation, team character, complying with a set of strict rules and rituals, and also the fact that this is rivalry between teams representing local communities that neighbour one another, they are a social and cultural phenomenon in which the problems of today’s rural Poland come into focus. Based on field research completed just before the COVID-19 pandemic and an overview of the literature, the author sets out to identify the functions of firefighting sports competitions in local systems. Considering the scale of the OSP organisation and the fact that it is permanently rooted in rural Poland, the paper may be considered a contribution to the discussion on effective ways of promoting physical culture outside urban centres.

The Destruction of Jerusalem, or Titus and Vespasian, ed. Kara L. McShane and Mark J. B. Wright. Kalamazoo, Michigan: Medieval Institute Publications, 2021, ix, 228 pp.

There are two long medieval English poems on the Fall of Jerusalem in 70 C.E. The one edited here is not the alliterative Siege of Jerusalem, but (with its two titles) the other, in couplets. It has a long and short version and was popular in the fifteenth century (twelve manuscripts survive), although not thereafter, because it is a chamber of horrors. Its author sets out the Jewish hatred of Christ, his murder by the Jews, the suffering that it brought them, ‘King’ Vespasian’s leprosy, his cure by St. Veronica’s napkin, Pontius Pilate’s unquiet grave, the besieging of Jerusalem (with famine and cannibalism for those within), its capture, and enslavement or slaughter for survivors. A repellent work. Small wonder if its editors admit that form and content “contribute to its ongoing marginalization” (p. 1).

Отражение художественной жизни Сибири в публикациях Г. Н. Потанина по вопросам искусства

The article analyzes the literary and journalistic activities of the key pre-revolutionary period for the city of Tomsk, the ideologist of Siberian regionalism, ethnographer and public figure Grigory Nikolaevich Potanin, concerning the regional aspect of artistic life. The materials of pre-revolutionary periodicals are used as sources. The author sets himself the task of identifying the features of G. N. Potanin ideas on Siberian regionalism (a local variant of regionalism) in texts on issues of art. It is noted that in his texts Grigory Potanin is trying to systematize the artistic heritage of Siberia, singles out the names of famous painters who came from the region, analyzes the creative heritage of Vasily Surikov. Grigory Potanin insists on the need to create art galleries in the region and regularly hold exhibitions of paintings, graphics and sculpture in order to increase the level of artistic taste among the population, and as a result, general education. The author also mentions that Grigory Potanin pays attention to the work of not only professional artists, but also masters of arts and crafts, urging the motifs drawn from local flora and fauna in ornaments. Being an ethnographer, Grigory Potanin does not miss the opportunity to talk about the life of the indigenous population of Altai on the examples of a number of paintings and graphic works by local artists, such as Grigory Gurkin, Lidia Bazanova and others. Accordingly, the great importance of Grigory Potanin contributes to the development of the local intelligentsia in Tomsk, largely linking the factors influencing this process with the establishment of higher educational institutions in the city. The ideologist of regionalism considers it necessary to culturally bring the commonalty and the intelligentsia closer together and zealously experiences the outflow of the intelligentsia from the city. It can be stated that the ideas expressed by Grigory Potanin on the pages of the Tomsk press had a huge impact on his contemporaries. Perhaps, in other historical circumstances, the regional ideology could take deeper roots in Siberia. Today we can only respect the literary heritage of Grigory Potanin and keep the memory of him as a man who sincerely loved his native land and sought to enrich it culturally.

ЧАСТНАЯ КОЛЛЕКЦИЯ КАК ПРОСТРАНСТВО КУЛЬТУРНОГО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ РОССИИ И АРМЕНИИ (ТРАДИЦИЯ И СОВРЕМЕННОСТЬ)

The paper discusses the role of private collecting phenomenon in the formation of cultural ties between Russia and Armenia in the 20th – early 21st centuries. Private collecting and patronage are deeply rooted in the intellectual tradition of Armenia, including in the Armenian diaspora in Russia, France, the United States and other regions of the world. This circumstance led to the participation of a number of prominent representatives of the Russian-Armenian collection community in many state and public projects, including those related to the development of cultural cooperation between Russia and Armenia in the post-Soviet period. The subject of the study is the collecting and educational activities of the leading collectors of the Soviet period and the present (A.Ya. Abrahamyan, V.A. Dudakova, A.I. Shadrin), which influenced the formation of the Russian-Armenian cultural dialogue. The author also focuses on the implementation of exhibition projects of the Museum of Russian Art in Yerevan, the Armenian Cultural Center in Moscow and a number of other cultural institutions, the history and modern development of which are connected with the world of private collecting. The article focuses on the cultural interaction between Russia and Armenia in the activities of the structures of the international antiques and art market. The author sets himself the task, using the example of Russia and Armenia, to show the integration of the modern world of private collecting into the sphere of public diplomacy and international cultural exchange in the post-Soviet space.

Transmutation as a Tool of Dramatic Text Interpretation

This paper studies the impact of transcoding on the text interpretation. The study, based on the text material of Chekhov’s play “The Seagull”, offers reflections on challenges of transmutation process. The paper analyzes the interaction between verbal and non-verbal signs as codes of different nature. It is pointed out, that modes of code switching could fit into several focal algorithms of transformation: a substitution (a verbal sign replaces with non-verbal one), accompanying (a verbal sign is accompanied by a non-verbal one), addition (a verbal sign is supplemented by a non-verbal one). The research shows that a various theatrical signs (acoustic, visual, olfactory, kinetic, proxemic, involving light or color, etc.) actualize, clarify, enhance or neutralize the meaning of verbal utterances. They can be embedded in the theatrical text structure simultaneously or sequentially. The study is also concerned with the problem of translatability of signs. The article suggests that an adequate translation, which has the same effect on the recipient as the original text, provides a potential opportunity for the reverse translation of non-verbal signs into verbal ones, since the transcoding process is reversible. It is emphasized that transmutation allows us to interpret the text of a dramatic work, taking into account not only linguistic, but also extralinguistic reality. The author sets out to prove that the adequate intersemiotic translation can be obtained in case the functional sign equivalence is maintained.

Behavioral biometric authentication on smartphone using keystroke dynamics

Over the past few years, smartphones have revolutionized our life. Authentication plays important role as all private and business data are stored in smartphone. Password authentication is not secure technique as password can be easily stolen by hackers. Hence, need to use advance technology to increase the security of authentication. Keystroke Dynamics is behavioral based authentication technique. It identifies the user identity through their typing behavior to check user is genuine or imposter. In this paper author is presenting a KDSP system for Smart devices to increase the security of authentication at login time. On the basis of timing feature set, typing speed, flight time and error rate of keystroke dynamics author is checking the identity of the user. Proposed system works on all the Android smartphones and tablets. All experimental work was performed on 268 subjects to capture keystroke data on server. In Statistical analysis, Equal-error-rate (EER) is measured 7.415% of the 60 subjects for False acceptance rate (FAR) and 208 subjects for False rejection rate (FRR).

DESAFIOS E CONSTRUÇÃO DE CONHECIMENTOS POR ENFERMEIROS NA ASSISTÊNCIA ÀS PESSOAS COM SÍNDROME PÓS-COVID-19

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: to understand how nurses describe the challenges and construction of knowledge related to the care provided to people with post-COVID-19 syndrome. METHOD: this is qualitative-descriptive research, guided by the social constructionist perspective, carried out with seven nurses in a 24-hour Emergency Care Unit located in Minas Gerais. Data were collected from March to June 2022 through recorded semi-structured interviews. Data analysis took place through the transcription of interviews, followed by a curious reading of the material and definition of categories, step-by-step, anchored by social constructionism. The theoretical framework was composed of the set of authors who helped in the analysis and discussion of the categories constructed to respond to the study objectives. RESULTS: four categories emerged from the interviews, namely: 1) Initial reflexes of the pandemic, in which nurses’ feelings of fear, concern and insecurity were evidenced; 2) COVID-19 traces, of which the respiratory sequels caused by the disease stood out; 3) Knowledge about post-COVID-19 syndrome, which detected lack of knowledge about signs and symptoms and nursing care, due to lack of training and use of protocols; 4) Care for post-COVID-19 syndrome, which highlighted the lack of knowledge about referring people to rehabilitation services. CONCLUSION: despite the lack of protocols and training provided by the institution, nursing professionals provided assistance care on knowledge provided by their experiences and the exchange of experiences with other collaborators.

Thomas Aquinas and Contemplation by Rik van Nieuwenhove

Reviewed by: Thomas Aquinas and Contemplation by Rik van Nieuwenhove Bernhard Blankenhorn O.P. Thomas Aquinas and Contemplation. By RIK VAN NIEUWENHOVE. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021. Pp. ix + 220. $85.00 (cloth). ISBN: 978-0-19-289529-5. A medievalist and systematician already known for his scholarship on Flemish mysticism, Rik Van Nieuwenhove has brought together a series of eight philosophical and theological essays on contemplation in Aquinas that make for highly stimulating reading. The resulting collection takes ongoing intra-Thomist debates further in important ways, and also opens up new interpretative as well as speculative questions on fascinating themes such as the seven gifts of the Spirit or the ways in which grace can (and cannot) stretch the human being’s cognitive capacities before the divine mystery. The author sets a difficult task for himself, as he tackles a wide range of issues closely linked to the theme of contemplation, such as the metaphysics of the transcendentals, the relation of philosophy and theology, and the limits of discursive knowledge in the higher types of graced contemplation. The choice of this breadth of topics enables the pursuit of a panoramic approach to Aquinas’s thought, a breadth that hardly excludes in-depth analysis of several key texts in Aquinas’s vast corpus. One of the book’s many strengths is surely its fresh engagement in the well-trodden territory of question 180 of the Secunda secundae and similar texts. One of its weaknesses is a lack of engagement with recent Aquinas scholarship on some of the more crucial issues raised. The ultimate aim of the book is not so much to present an exhaustive account of the nature of contemplation in Aquinas’s thought as to offer a rich sketch that invites completion. After (1) a substantial introduction that forms the book’s opening chapter, the reader is treated to seven beautiful essays that treat the following themes: (2) some key epistemological issues such as the intellect’s three acts (apprehension, judgment, reasoning), the role of phantasms in human understanding, and the nature of the mind’s simple gaze; (3) the contemplation of the transcendentals; (4) thirteenth-century mendicant debates on the active and contemplative life; (5) the relation between faith, theology, and contemplation; (6) the link between charity and contemplation; (7) the role of the Spirit’s seven gifts in contemplation; and finally, (8) happiness and the beatific vision. [End Page 153] The introduction may exaggerate somewhat the extent to which scholars of Aquinas have neglected the theme of contemplation in recent decades. The book does not mention the ground-breaking study by Cruz-Gonzalez Ayesta on the gift of wisdom in Aquinas, nor Daria Spezzano’s magnificent work on divinization and wisdom. The fifth chapter does not mention the recent historical monographs on sacra doctrina in Aquinas by francophone scholars such as Henry Donneaud and Adriano Oliva (though the author does mention some of Oliva’s other articles). As I will argue below, a deeper engagement with these and other voices would have helped the author to avoid some interpretive missteps. Van Nieuwenhove’s preferred interlocutors include Bernard McGinn and Simon Tugwell (though he ultimately transcends the limits of the latter’s problematic reading of contemplation in Aquinas, done in complete abstraction from the theology of the seven gifts). Setting these difficulties aside, we should note that the introductory (first) chapter nicely anticipates chapter 5, as the author clearly and ably situates Aquinas’s approach to theological contemplation in relation to philosophical and beatific contemplation. Along the way, he convincingly compares and contrasts Aquinas’s way to the more charismatic style of Bonaventure’s theology (though one does wonder if Aquinas’s understanding of the ideal theologian as a studious man of prayer radically open to the Spirit’s movement in the seven gifts and charisms is somewhat obscured). The book’s second chapter sets forth some of its more controversial claims. The author helpfully reads Thomas in contrast to Bonaventure on the relation between certain knowledge and human access to the divine ideas. He then interprets Aquinas’s vision of the mind’s three basic operations in light of his angelology. The presentation of Aquinas’s...

Conceptual basis of providing income for the rural population of Ukraine in post-war conditions

Formulation of the problem. Military actions on the territory of Ukraine significantly affect the entire social structure of Ukraine. It is obvious that the war has a negative impact on the incomes of the entire population, particularly those living in rural areas. It should be noted that the standard of living of the population, including the rural population, is the main social criterion for the development of any country in the realities of the 21st century. It was found that the average incomes of the rural population of Ukraine are among the lowest in Europe, which makes their constant growth inevitable. In this context, the author sets himself the task of outlining the problem of ensuring a constant increase in the incomes of the rural population after the end of the war. It is planned to be implemented with the formation of relevant conceptual provisions. Analysis of recent research and publications. When performing this research, the works of foreign and Ukrainian scientists on the mentioned issues were comprehensively analyzed. According to the analysis of the research work of Bevir M., Rhodes R. The essence of distinctive interpretive theory and its aspects of possible application were clarified. Dyer C., Rose P substantiated the dependence of income on strengthening the capacity of local authorities. Ukrainian researchers Petrovskyi P., Matviyshyn E., Gogol T., Melnychuk L., Popok A., Gordienko L. analyzed various aspects of income and proposed appropriate theoretical constructions and practical mechanisms for their provision. Distinguishing previously unsolved parts of the overall problem. Taking into account the military situation in Ukraine, it is quite difficult to carry out predictive studies of the post-war situation, therefore, individual problems of securing these revenues in the future period are only partially covered. Thus, the issues of formation of the theoretical basis of income, the role of territorial communities in increasing the population’s capabilities are understudied. That is why the proposed study highlights the conceptual foundations of ensuring the incomes of rural residents. Presentation of the main material of the study. The article outlines the main problems of Ukrainian social development caused by Russia’s military aggression. The study presents a comparison of the incomes of the rural population of certain EU countries and Ukraine, where it was found that they are significantly lower in Ukraine. This actualizes the problems of the research and makes it necessary to find possible ways to increase these revenues. The corresponding principles of forming the conceptual foundations of such an increase have been determined. Taking into account the expediency of using theoretical constructions regarding the formation of these incomes, five components were developed. These components reveal the essence of conceptual foundations. The need to take into account the historical aspect of economic science is especially emphasized. This is due to the fact that the development of the social system should be based on previous achievements. At the same time, previous achievements undergo changes. It is concluded that previous scientific developments are an important methodological toolkit, which can now be used with some adaptation. The existing legal acts were evaluated in terms of their reality of use to ensure the growth of the income level of the rural population. The need to take into account the directions of social development with an orientation towards the European vector was especially noted. It was emphasized that there is no alternative to the implementation of attracting additional sources of financing and the priority of economic programs for the dynamic development of rural territorial communities, which will be the basis of ensuring the mentioned incomes. The mechanisms of involving researchers of various fields of knowledge in the formation of national, regional and local programs for the development of rural areas are substantiated. It is recommended to take into account the peculiarities of post-war development, economic, demographic and social conditions of a specific territorial community. The informational assistance of competent and interested structures has been identified as a significant lever for increasing these revenues Conclusions. Argued conclusion about the necessity of applying the proposed conceptual foundations of ensuring the incomes of the rural population in post-war conditions. The proposals relate to directions and mechanisms for the implementation of these foundations. The priority of the participation of Ukrainian scientists in the development of these conceptual foundations is emphasized

ASSESSMENT OF THE PRE-CONDITIONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF TAX CONTROL ON BASE EROSION AND PROFIT SHIFTING

The purpose of the study is to assess the possibility of combining the concepts of transfer pricing, beneficial owner of income and valid business purpose in a model of three-component tax risk assessment for countering BEPS. To achieve this purpose, the author set priority tasks, namely conducting an isolated analysis of the concepts of transfer pricing, beneficial owner of income and valid business purpose with further identification of intersections and interconnections of such concepts, as well as the formation of conclusions regarding the possibility of combining these concepts into a single model for identification of BEPS risks. Under the study, the author analyzed the three-level transfer pricing reporting system introduced into the tax system of Ukraine by Law of Ukraine No. 466-IX “On Amending the Tax Code of Ukraine on Improving Tax Administration, Eliminating Technical and Logical Inconsistencies in Tax Legislation”. In particular, the study found grounds for moving the essence of transfer pricing analysis from the formal determination of compliance of the prices established within the controlled transactions with the “arm's length” principle to the analysis of value chains, distribution of functions, assets and risks within a multinational group of companies, as well as to the examination of the value allocation process between jurisdictions and the fairness of such allocation. The study established that the information disclosed under transfer pricing reporting process can become part of the analysis of the legality of applying of the provisions of international treaties on the avoidance of double taxation through the concept of “beneficial owner of income”. The draft model of three-component tax risk assessment for countering BEPS is proposed as a finding of the study. Such model corresponds with international trends of abandoning the formal study of transfer prices in separate controlled transactions in favor of a comprehensive study of the essence of the value allocation process within multinational groups of companies. The author concluded that the isolated assessment of the elements of the model of three-component tax risk assessment for countering BEPS, during tax audits, reduces the effectiveness of ensuring the sovereignty of national tax revenues. At the same time, the author saw the legislative limitation of the transfer pricing audit exclusively on issues of compliance with the “arm's length” principle as a key challenge to the implementation of the model of three-component tax risk assessment for countering BEPS. Such limitation of the control body's tools contradicts the global tendency to countering BEPS as a whole, and not as separate (independent) mechanisms of aggressive tax planning.

Global food security: trends and challenges

Food is the primary need of any human being, which is why the food security at the both national and global levels is always important. The subject of this research is the global food security. The purpose of this article is to analyze the current state of global food security, identify its main challenges and development trends of recent years. To achieve the goal of this article the author sets and solves following tasks, namely, analyzes different approaches to defining the concept of «food security» and the number of starving people in the world and in its regions for the period 2005-2021, identifies the main challenges for the world food security. General scientific methods were used to achieve the goal of research: analysis, synthesis, systematization, comparison, abstract-logical method. The results of the research show that number of starving people both quantitatively and in percentage terms from 2005 to 2018 almost constantly decreased, and from 2019 began to grow steadily. The author notes that the largest number of starving people live in Asia, and the largest percentage of the undernourished population live in the African region. Since 2020 global food security has worsened significantly, and the main reason for this was the global COVID-19 pandemic, because of which the starving people number began to rise rapidly across the planet. The main negative impact was manifested in the population income decrease and an food prices increase. In addition, the negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic were also manifested in the reduction of food production, namely, the access of small producers to the necessary resources was reduced, some food products demand decreased due to the closure of public catering establishments, and also there was a temporary suspension of exports. The author highlightes that at the beginning of 2022 a new global food security challenge appeared, it was the Russian-Ukrainian war. Due to the stopping of Ukrainian exports, record food prices were observed, which significantly worsened the access of the low-income population to food products. After the signing of the grain agreement and the resumption of Ukrainian grain exports, the situation stabilized. Conclusion: a steady deterioration of global food security has been observed since the beginning of 2020, the main cause of which was the COVID-19 pandemic, and in 2022 appeared a new challenge, Russian-Ukrainian war.

Video-based surgical curriculum for open globe injury repair, IV: corneal wounds.

As one of the most severe forms of ocular trauma, open-globe injury (OGI) causes significant vision loss. Timely and meticulous repair of these injuries can improve patient outcomes. This video-based educational curriculum is intended to serve as an efficient, yet comprehensive reference for OGI repair. We hope that these video-based articles help surgeons and trainees from around the world find answers to specific surgical questions in OGI management. The curriculum has been divided into six separate review articles, each authored by a different set of authors, to facilitate a systematic and practical approach to the subject of wound types and repair techniques. This fourth article highlights special considerations in the repair of open-globe injuries affecting the anterior chamber and cornea.

KONSEP KELUARGA SAKINAH PASANGAN TIDAK MEMILIKI KETURUNAN DI KOTA LANGSA ACEH

This paper focuses on the concept of the sakinah family of couples who do not have children. Domestic life is not from conflicts that arise to differences of opinion between husband and wife, but the most important thing is how to keep the family intact. The different problems that occur are also different ways to solve them, some end in divorce, some lead to harmony. A marriage that is not blessed with offspring does not mean unhappy they are also happy in their own way. As for the formulation of the problem that the author sets, how is the concept of a family without children in building a family, and what are the challenges for couples who do not have children in building a sakinah family? The author uses the type of field research ( field research). The descriptive approach to empirical analysis. The result of this paper is that in building a sakinah family, couples who do not have children have a variety of ways to do it but still have one goal, namely to build a sakinah family. According to them, the concept of a sakinah family is a family based on religion, loving each other, loving each other, trusting each, consulting each if there are problems, and solving them as well as possible so that marriage remains intact. In dealing with problems, there are various ways of solving them but still ending with happiness, because many are not happy because of problems in the household.

Video-based surgical curriculum for open-globe injury repair, III: surgical repair.

As one of the most severe forms of ocular trauma, open-globe injury (OGI) causes significant vision loss. Timely and meticulous repair of these injuries can improve patient outcomes. This video-based educational curriculum is intended to serve as an efficient yet comprehensive reference for OGI repair. We hope that these video-based articles help surgeons and trainees from around the world find answers to specific surgical questions in OGI management. The curriculum has been divided into six separate review articles, each authored by a different set of authors, to facilitate a systematic and practical approach to the subject of wound types and repair techniques. This third article highlights the use of antibiotics before, during, and after surgery; suture selection; surgical knots, and “ship-to-shore” suturing.

Digital Authorship Attribution in Russian-Language Fanfiction and Classical Literature

This article is the third paper in a series aimed at the establishment of the authorship of Russian-language texts. This paper considers methods for determining the authorship of classical Russian literary texts, as well as fanfiction texts. The process of determining the author was first considered in the classical version of classification experiments using a closed set of authors, and experiments were also completed for a complicated modification of the problem using an open set of authors. The use of methods to identify the author of the text is justified by the conclusions about the effectiveness of the fastText and Support Vector Machine (SVM) methods with the selection of informative features discussed in our past studies. In the case of open attribution, the proposed methods are based on the author’s combination of fastText and One-Class SVM as well as statistical estimates of a vector’s similarity measures. The feature selection algorithm for a closed set of authors is chosen based on a comparison of five different selection methods, including the previously considered genetic algorithm as a baseline. The regularization-based algorithm (RbFS) was found to be the most efficient method, while methods based on a complete enumeration (FFS and SFS) are found to be ineffective for any set of authors. The accuracy of the RbFS and SVM methods in the case of classical literary texts averaged 83%, which outperforms other selection methods by 3 to 10% for an identical number of features, and the average accuracy of fastText was 84%. For the open attribution in cross-topic classification, the average accuracy of the method based on the combination of One-Class SVM with RbFS and fastText was 85%, and for in-group classification, it was 75 to 78%, depending on the group, which is the best result among the open attribution methods considered.

Criminal Code of Ukraine 2001: chronicles of preparation and adoption

The study of the preparation and adoption of the Criminal Code of Ukraine of 2001 is of cognitive importance for the modern generation of the national legal community, since the Working Group on the Development of Criminal Law (approved by the Decree of the President of Ukraine No. 584/2019 of 07.08.2019) is currently developing a new Criminal Code of Ukraine. The author set out to show how responsible, complex and intense the process of developing a legal act of a codified level is. The work on the draft of the Criminal Code of 2001 lasted more than 8 years, the most qualified practitioners, leading scientists, university professors, employees of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine, and, of course, the people's deputies of Ukraine, who adopted it on April 5, 2001, were involved in its development. The Criminal Code of Ukraine of 2001 is actually the first fundamental legal act, which became a significant event in the development of Ukraine as a sovereign, independent, democratic, social and legal state. The article defines the main stages of work on the Code related to the approval of conceptual provisions and the development of regulatory material on their basis, bringing the draft law in line with the Constitution of Ukraine of 1996 and generally accepted principles and norms of international law, the procedure for its adoption by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. According to the author's estimates, the working group prepared 10 editions of the Code, each of which was the subject of thorough discussion. The conclusion about the importance of the Criminal Code of 2001 in the formation of Ukraine is made.

:Etruscan Literacy in Its Social Context

:<i>Etruscan Literacy in Its Social Context</i>

Editorial

Welcome to this special themed issue of Learning and Teaching: The International Journal of Higher Education in the Social Sciences in which a set of authors from Ethiopia, China, Indonesia, Finland and South Korea explore the internationalisation of higher education from the periphery and another group from Italy, New Zealand, Australia and the UK analyse market-making in higher education institutions. The articles in this special issue represent some of the collaborative results from an ‘Initial Training Network’ project funded by the EU Marie Skłodowska-Curie programme that analysed ‘Universities in the Knowledge Economy’ (UNIKE) in Europe and the Asia-Pacific Rim.1