Service-oriented Communication Research Articles

Service-oriented data consistency research for in-vehicle Ethernet

As the number of in-vehicle electronic devices and system complexity increases, it drives the evolution of the in-vehicle electrical/electronic architecture (E/E). The most promising future architecture is the zone architecture divided by physical location. Zones are connected via high-speed Ethernet, and time-sensitive networking enhances Ethernet in terms of real-time and determinism. In service-oriented communication methods, there are issues with quality assurance and data inconsistency. This paper addresses these issues by combining traffic scheduling strategies in time-sensitive networking, proposing an algorithm for quality assurance and data consistency. Simulation results demonstrate that, under the premise of satisfying the quality of service, the data stream of the same service can reach multiple subscribers simultaneously. This further demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Hardware-accelerated service-oriented communication for AUTOSAR platforms

Hardware-accelerated service-oriented communication for AUTOSAR platforms

Reimagining Automotive Service-Oriented Communication: A Case Study on Programmable Data Planes

Automotive electrical and electronic (E/E) engineering architectures are being radically overhauled to satisfy the needs of the current automotive trends ranging from electrification to connected vehicles and autonomous driving. Novel networking technologies are being explored for future-proofing in-vehicular networks and making them ready for applications emerging from these trends. Programmable data plane technologies based on reconfigurable match-action tables have been successfully used in data center networking for handling data center-specific applications. In this article, we seek to explore programmable data planes for their utility in in-vehicular networks. To this end, we briefly discuss programmable data plane technologies and present a case study on implementing a distributed feedback control loop using SOME/IP, an automotive service-oriented communication middleware. We outline the parts of the SOME/IP stack that can be moved from the end systems to the network devices for achieving a better workload split using these technologies, thus improving system utilization.

A Function-Oriented Electronic and Electrical Architecture of Remote Control Ship on Inland River: Design, Verification, and Evaluation

The remote control is an important function of intelligent ships. In this article, first, the functions and communication requirements of remote control ships are sorted out based on the “Rules for Intelligent Ships (2020)” issued by the China Classification Society (CCS). Second, a domain controller-based electronic and electrical architecture (EEA) for inland remote control ships is proposed. The functional domain of the ship is divided, combined with the physical layout of the ship, into the perception domain, communication domain, motion control domain, marine bridge domain, deck domain, cargo management domain, and cabin domain. Third, the real-time network communication system and the central gateway controller are designed, and the efficient information interaction between domain controllers is realized through a service-oriented communication architecture. The simulation experiment shows that the designed domain controller architecture and communication network can meet the information interaction requirements of the ship. Compared with the traditional distributed architecture, the ship EEA based on the domain controller has apparent advantages in system cost, system redundancy, functional load distribution, architecture scalability, communication load distribution, and information security and can give a design reference for inland remote control ships.

Development of machine tool communication method and its edge middleware for cyber-physical manufacturing systems

ABSTRACT By enabling the fusion of cyber and physical world, Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) have emerged as a key technology of the fourth industrial revolution – Industry 4.0. One of the major challenges for developing manufacturing CPSs is establishing communication between physical resources and Internet/cloud-hosted applications. Recently, MTConnect has become a widely popular communication method for monitoring machine tools in cyber manufacturing. However, it does not allow remote operations of machine tools over the Internet, which is essential in many manufacturing CPSs. This paper presents an Internet-scale service-oriented communication method named Machine Tool Communication (MTComm), which provides capabilities of both monitoring and operating heterogeneous machine tools over the Internet. MTComm allows machine tools to exchange manufacturing services and associated information in XML format through RESTful web services. This paper describes design and development of MTComm components, ontology, and methodology of data acquisition and direct operation through five types of services. To reduce communication latency and improve performance, three optimization strategies were developed and used in an edge-based middleware. Experiments were conducted in a testbed with five machines at different stages of MTComm development and results demonstrated excellent feasibility for efficiently monitoring and operating heterogeneous machine tools in a scalable cyber-physical manufacturing environment.

AppShot: A Conditional Deep Generative Model for Synthesizing Service-Level Mobile Traffic Snapshots at City Scale

Service-level mobile traffic data enables research studies and innovative applications with a potential to shape future service-oriented communication systems and beyond. However, real-world datasets reporting measurements at the individual service level are hard to access as such data is deemed commercially sensitive by operators. APPSHOT is a model for generating synthetic high-fidelity city-scale snapshots of service level mobile traffic. It can operate in any geographical region and relies solely on easily available spatial context information such as population density, thus allowing the generation of new and open traffic datasets for the research community. The design of APPSHOT is informed by an original characterization of service-level mobile traffic data. APPSHOT is a novel conditional GAN design instantiated by a convolutional neural network generator and two discriminators. The model features several other innovative mechanisms including multi-channel and overlapping patch based generation to address the unique challenges involved in generating mobile service traffic snapshots. Experiments with ground-truth data collected by a major European operator in multiple metropolitan areas show that APPSHOT can produce realistic network loads at the service level for areas where it has no prior traffic knowledge, and that such data can reliably support service-oriented networking studies.

Generic Patterns for Intrusion Detection Systems in Service-Oriented Automotive and Medical Architectures

To implement new software functions and more flexible updates in the future as well as to provide cloud-based functionality, the service-oriented architecture (SOA) paradigm is increasingly being integrated into automotive electrical and electronic architecture (E/E architectures). In addition to the automotive industry, the medical industry is also researching SOA-based solutions to increase the interoperability of devices (vendor-independent). The resulting service-oriented communication is no longer fully specified during design time, which affects information security measures. In this paper, we compare different SOA protocols for the automotive and medical fields. Furthermore, we explain the underlying communication patterns and derive features for the development of an SOA-based Intrusion Detection System (IDS).

Product and Service Orientation on Social Media in Restaurant Communication

Social media are a significant marketing communication tool used to establish a relationship with consumers. With the advent of the Internet, social media have become an invaluable source of acquiring new customers. They provide restaurant, bar or cafe owners with the opportunity to communicate with existing and potential clients by publishing posts on social media. Such posts frequently vary in terms of form and relate to different areas of activity. Therefore, the present study aims to enhance the understanding of how different types of posts affect communication efficiency. Content, interesting from the recipient's point of view, is a key factor contributing to success in building social media presence. Hence, the purpose of this article is to compare product and service-oriented communication. To this end, a quasi-experiment has been conducted over the course of 10 months. The results provide evidence that content directly referring to dishes offered at a restaurant is more effective at various levels. The study findings provide useful advice for companies operating in the catering industry and indicate a relationship between the product and other elements of the 7P marketing mix. The results are liable for assisting owners of food and beverage companies in improving customer relationships and increasing their engagement in response to content posted on social media. DOI : https://doi.org/10.54663/2182-9306.2022.v10.n18.186-205

Service-oriented information technologies in library processes and scientific communication

The world experience of libraries’ practical activities shows that in the conditions of rapidly developing information technologies, a service-oriented approach is required when determining the strategic development goals in the field of technologies focused on users, to identify their needs and provide them with the necessary services. To solve the problems of increasing the efficiency of information and library services and information support of science by introducing modern service-oriented information and communication technologies, the urgent task is to develop a model for the effective organization of library processes and support of scientific communications in the web environment. The model is based on the automation of library processes; development strategies for library web resources (catalogs, databases), including heterogeneous information (text, video, audio, data, etc.) and virtual services (reference and bibliographic, library, etc.); implementation of systems for assessing their effectiveness using web analytics tools and qualitative methods, usability testing practices, methods of organizing and managing web representations.

Hardware Acceleration of Data Distribution Service (DDS) for Automotive Communication and Computing

The increasing growth in complexity of vehicles’ functionalities is driving a technological shift in the design of software architectures in the automotive industry. Traditional signal-oriented networking is being replaced by service-oriented communications enabled by a new generation of Electronic Control Units (ECUs). The growing interest for full-fledged middlewares can be supported by these powerful ECUs. However, the new capabilities come at a non-negligible cost, which conflicts with the need to design a cost-effective solution that allows for meeting aggressive budget goals in a high volume market like automotive. In this paper, we illustrate how a significant part of the functionalities of a powerful middleware like Data Distribution Service (DDS) can be effectively implemented through hardware accelerators. We show that our approach can guarantee high performance while minimizing system complexity at the software level (e.g. AUTOSAR) by shifting painful or inefficient software implementations of QoS policies directly to hardware. This, in turn, allows to build cost-effective solutions suitable for next-generation automotive systems.

A Service-Oriented Real-Time Communication Scheme for AUTOSAR Adaptive Using OPC UA and Time-Sensitive Networking.

The transportation industry is facing major challenges that come along with innovative trends like autonomous driving. Due to the growing amount of network participants, smart sensors, and mixed-critical data, scalability and interoperability have become key factors of cost-efficient vehicle engineering. One solution to overcome these challenges is the AUTOSAR Adaptive software platform. Its service-oriented communication methodology allows a standardized data exchange that is not bound to a specific middleware protocol. OPC UA is a communication standard that is well-established in modern industrial automation. In addition to its Client–Server communication pattern, the newly released Publish–Subscribe (PubSub) architecture promotes scalability. PubSub is designed to work in conjunction with Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN), a collection of standards that add real-time aspects to standard Ethernet networks. TSN allows services with different requirements to share a single physical network. In this paper, we specify an integration approach of AUTOSAR Adaptive, OPC UA, and TSN. It combines the benefits of these three technologies to provide deterministic high-speed communication. Our main contribution is the architecture for the binding between Adaptive Platform and OPC UA. With a prototypical implementation, we prove that a combination of OPC UA Client–Server and PubSub qualifies as a middleware solution for service-oriented communication in AUTOSAR.

A Fuzzy-Based Congestion Control Scheme for Vehicular Adhoc Network Communication

Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a self-organized, multi-purpose, service-oriented communication network that enables communication between vehicles and between vehicles and roadside infrastructures for the purpose of exchanging messages. In a dense traffic scenario, the message traffic may generate a load higher than the available capacity of the transmission medium leading to channel congestion problem. This situation leads to a rise in packet loss rates and transmission delay. Some existing congestion control schemes adapt the transmission power, transmission rate, and contention window parameters by making comparison with neighboring values through classical logic. However, the approach does not consider points between two close parameter values. This work uses fuzzy logic to improve the adaptation process of the network contention window parameter. The proposed scheme achieved a 15% higher in-packet delivery ratio and 10ms faster transmission compared with related work in terms end-to-end delay.

Slice Orchestration for Multi-Service Disaggregated Ultra-Dense RANs

Ultra-dense networks (UDNs) are a natural deployment evolution for handling the tremendous traffic increase related to the emerging 5G services, especially in urban environments. However, the associated infrastructure cost may become prohibitive. The evolving paradigm of network slicing can tackle such a challenge while optimizing the network resource usage, enabling multi-tenancy and facilitating resource sharing and efficient service-oriented communications. Indeed, network slicing in UDN deployments can offer the desired degree of customization in not only vanilla radio access network (RAN) designs, but also in the case of disaggregated multi-service RANs. In this article, we devise a novel multi-service RAN environment, RAN runtime, capable of supporting slice orchestration procedures and enabling flexible customization of slices as per tenant needs. Each network slice can exploit a number of services, which can be either dedicated or shared between multiple slices over a common RAN. The novel architecture we present concentrates on the orchestration and management systems. It interacts with the RAN modules, through the RAN runtime, via a number of new interfaces enabling a customized dedicated orchestration logic for each slice. We present results for a disaggregated UDN deployment where the RAN runtime is used to support slice-based multi-service chain creation and chain placement, with an auto-scaling mechanism to increase the performance.

Service-oriented communication model for cyber-physical-production-systems

The holistic use of Cyber-Physical-Production-Systems (CPPS) requires a new communication architecture, the classic automation pyramid hinders the service-orientation of this methodology. The different functionalities of the layers of the pyramid still have their authorization, while the communication needs a model, where all participants in a production deliver or consume information handled by services. In the Learning Factory of the Bochum University of Applied Sciences a research scenario is set up to investigate the CPPS-oriented communication in a production line between distributed PLCs, MES, ERP, Energy Monitoring and Cloud-Services. The developed communication architecture uses standards as OPC-UA to realize this service-orientation.

Exploiting ICN for Realizing Service-Oriented Communication in IoT

The rapid growth in Internet of Things (IoT) deployment has posed unprecedented challenges to the underlying network design. We envision that tomorrow's global-scale IoT systems will focus on service-oriented data sharing and processing rather than point-to-point data collection. Requirements such as global reachability, mobility, communication diversity, and security will also develop naturally along with the change in the communication patterns. However, existing (IP-based) networks focus only on locations and point-to-point channels. The mismatch between the dynamic requirements and the functionalities provided by the network renders IoT communication inefficient and inconvenient. Information-centric networking (ICN) shifts the focus from location to the (identity of) information. This paradigm can naturally be adapted to IoT communication since service can also be identified as a type of information. To demonstrate the potential of ICN in IoT communication, this article adopts and modifies a particular example of ICN called MobilityFirst, and shows that the target architecture can satisfy the requirements posed by IoT communication. Similar adaptations can also be used by other ICN architectures such as NDN and XIA.

ID-based service-oriented communications for unified access to IoT

The dynamic development of technologies for smart devices and the increasing availability of sensors and actuators facilitate significantly the implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) solutions. The massive use of the IoT depends on the simplification of the set-up and management of the systems, which makes the service creation and composition easier. This paper discusses a prototyped implementation of IDSECOM (ID-based SErvice-oriented COMmunications for unified access in IoT): an innovative hierarchical network infrastructure for connecting IoT objects and services in an easy-to-manage and flexible way. This solution is appropriate when the location of the nodes is closely related to the structure of the environment as it occurs in intelligent buildings/enterprises.

New IEEE 11073 Standards for interoperable, networked Point-of-Care Medical Devices.

Surgical procedures become more and more complex and the number of medical devices in an operating room (OR) increases continuously. Today's vendor-dependent solutions for integrated ORs are not able to handle this complexity. They can only form isolated solutions. Furthermore, high costs are a result of vendor-dependent approaches. Thus we present a service-oriented device communication for distributed medical systems that enables the integration and interconnection between medical devices among each other and to (medical) information systems, including plug-and-play functionality. This system will improve patient's safety by making technical complexity of a comprehensive integration manageable. It will be available as open standards that are part of the IEEE 11073 family of standards. The solution consists of a service-oriented communication technology, the so called Medical Devices Profile for Web Services (MDPWS), a Domain Information & Service Model, and a binding between the first two mechanisms. A proof of this concept has been done with demonstrators of real world OR devices.

Comprehensively context-aware approach to guaranteeing multimedia conferencing services

Service-Oriented Communication (SOC) is a key research issue to enable media communications using the Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA). Motivated by the necessity to guarantee the service quality of our web-based multimedia conferencing system, we present a Comprehensively Context-Aware (CoCA) approach in this paper. One major problem in the existing end-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) management solutions is that they analyse and exploit the relationships between the QoS metrics and corresponding contexts in an isolated manner. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to leveraging such relationships in a comprehensive manner based on Bayesian networks and the fuzzy set theory. This approach includes three phases: 1) information feedback and training, 2) QoS-to-context mapping, and 3) optimal context adaption. We implement the proposed CoCA in the real multimedia conferencing system and compare its performance with the existing bandwidth aware and playback buffer aware schemes. Experimental results show that the proposed CoCA outperforms the competing approaches in improving the average video Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR). It also exhibits good performance in preventing the playback buffer starvation.

A Service-Oriented Communication Architecture of Graphics Asset Management System

Database technology is of great variety, structure diversity, solving data integration and exchanges sharing of the heterogeneous database system have became the important problem in all fields. Because of XML is the very important data exchange technology to realize data exchange and transmission ability, this paper mainly explores the data exchange problem how to use XML in heterogeneous database system, , and .Net platform have good support to XML and heterogeneous database system, so the combination of XML and.net, can realize data exchange of heterogeneous database system.

Session and media signalling for communication components-based open multimedia conferencing Web service over IP networks

Service-oriented communication is a new trend in the industry to enable communication through a service-oriented architecture (SOA) and thereby package communications as services, which opens a new paradigm of Web service-based Voice Over Internet Protocol communication, which is extensible and can be easily integrated in end-to-end SOA solutions. In this paper, we proposed the communication components-based open multimedia conferencing Web service over IP networks and mainly focus on the session and media signalling for multimedia conferencing Web service. Details including the multimedia conferencing multiple parties call control state machines and session management, the state life cycle management, and the signal flows for multimedia conferencing scenarios, also including the Simple Object Access Protocol messages mapping to the asynchronous events. The session and media signalling management also provides the Web services interfaces for triggering conferencing session establishment and is further responsible for all necessary media signalling towards a proper media server. In addition, a prototype has been implemented, and its performance has been measured and analysed. Finally, we give the conclusions and future work. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.