Semi-auto Analyzer Research Articles

Pseudocholinesterase as a prognostic marker for liver disorder

Background: Liver is the main source of pseudo cholinesterase. It is a non-specific cholinesterase found in the blood plasma and may be reduced in patients with advanced liver diseases. Measurement of serum pseudo cholinesterase activity serves as a sensitive indicator of synthetic capacity of the liver and can be used as a prognostic marker for carcinoma.Objective: To study pseudo cholinesterase activities in liver diseases.Method: A prospective study was conducted at College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital (CMS-TH), from May 2011 to May 2013 with 25 controls and 25 diagnosed cases each of carcinoma of liver, cirrhosis of liver, infective hepatitis and obstructive jaundice among both sexes of same age group attending medical outpatient and inpatient departments. Serum pseudo cholinesterase and other liver function tests were performed with semi-auto analyzer and Roche Hitachi 902 respectively.Results: Pseudo cholinesterase level was markedly decreased in carcinoma of liver (mean ± SD = 1369.48 ± 276.64 IU/L) followed by cirrhosis of liver (mean ± SD = 1735.16 ± 433.82 IU/L), infective hepatitis (mean ± SD = 3800.69 ± 764.17 IU/L), obstructive jaundice (mean ± SD = 5539 ± 791.05 IU/L) when compared with controls (mean ± SD = 6865.12 ± 928.41 IU/L). The difference in the means was statistically significant (p <0.001).Conclusion: There was significant decrease in pseudo holing esterase level in carcinoma of liver followed by cirrhosis of liver while less so in infective hepatitis. In obstructive jaundice the enzyme level was found to be decreased but higher than other liver diseases. The results indicated that with more severe liver cell destruction or cell degeneration, there was corresponding significant decrease in the level of pseudo cholinesterase, which could be used as diagnostic marker of liver disease.Journal of Kathmandu Medical College Vol. 3, No. 4, Issue 10, Oct.-Dec., 2014Page: 131-135

Anti Hypertensive Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of Lantana camara leaves on high salt loaded wistar albino rats

Background: Hypertension is the most common and major cardiovascular disease. There is an urgent need for treament of hypertension by exploration of several medicinal plants having potent anti hypertensive activity as the modern medicines are having many side effects. Objective: The study focus on scientific evaluation of antihypertensive activity of ethanolic extract of Lantana camara leaves (EELC) in different experimental models. Material & methods: Antihypertensive activity was conducted on wister albino rats by determining serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), creatinine and Sodium levels by using Semi Autoanalyser and Flame photometer; chick mean arterial blood pressure by using condon’s mercury manometer and isolated frog heart for recording cardic responses using student kymograph. Results: EELC produced negative inotropic and negative chronotropic effect, antagonised by atropine on isolated frog heart. EELC shows dose dependent (p<0.05) decreased mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in anaesthetic chick. Salt treated rats displayed significant (p<0.05) increase in blood level of SGOT, SGPT, Creatinine and sodium, decrease in pottassim levels in comparision with normal rats. Treatment with EELC (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly balanced the ionic levels such as lower the sodium and elevate the potassium levels. Creatinine levels were signifi-cantly (p<0.05) reduced by the treatment with EELC. There are no significant changes occurred in serum SGOT and SGPT upon EELC administration. The present study suggests that treatment of salt hypertensive rats with EELC protects against renal injuries. Conclusion: It was concluded that ethanolic extract of Lantana camara leaves reduces work load of heart, maintain inotonic levels by negative chronotropic effect, relaxes the smooth muscles in chick and salt hypertensive rats against renal and vascular injuries is proved.

Interference of Bilirubin in Creatinine Value Measurement by Jaffe Kinetic Method

BACKGROUND: Creatinine measurement in icteric sample is a major but unresolved problem. Bilirubin causes negative interference in creatinine value measurement using general techniques. The objective of this study was to find differences in creatinine value by Jaffe Kinetic method pre-incubation and without pre-incubation with NaOH. METHODS: This was a cross sectional, descriptive study carried out in 71 samples with different level of bilirubin concentration. We took blood samples of 71 different patients, 48 males and 23 females, from two different hospitals of Kathmandu village. Both creatinine and bilirubin concentration in serum samples were measured by using Staxfax 3300 semi auto analyzer in the hospital. In the laboratory creatinine value was measured by kinetic method and bilirubin measured by Jendrassik/ Grof method using commercial kits. Statistical analysis of quantitative data was done by using SPSS version 16.0. RESULTS: The results shows differences in creatinine values with respect to methods and extent of bilirubin concentration. It was found that the creatinine obtained by pre-incubation with NaOH has greater value than without pre-incubation (i.e. by direct estimation using working reagent). It was also shown that the high bilirubin cause the interference in greater extent. The significant interference was seen in the sample with bilirubin concentration greater than 20 mg/dl i.e. creatinine value after treatment with NaOH prior to dispensing picric acid is significantly increases, P&lt;0.01 at 99% confidence level. CONCLUSION: This shows that the bilirubin has negative interference in creatinine value measurement by ordinary laboratory practices and interference increases with higher concentration of bilirubin in blood sample. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/acclm.v1i1.12311 Ann. Clin. Chem. &amp; Lab. Med. 1(1) 2015: 25-28

Evaluation of serum lactate dehydrogenase in oral squamous cell carcinoma, oral leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis

Introduction: Enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is found in cells of almost all body tissues. Lactate dehydrogenase activity in serum increases as a marker of cellular necrosis. Serum LDH levels have been used as an adjunct biochemical marker in diagnosis in various pre-cancer and cancers. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate role of LDH as a biochemical parameter in the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), oral leukoplakia (OL) and oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), to assess the levels of serum LDH in OSCC, OL and OSMF and to compare the same with normal individuals. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 patients were recruited for the study including 30 patients of OSCC, 30 patients of OL, 30 patients of OSMF and 30 normal controls. All were divided into age groups (20-60 years) irrespective of sex. From five milliliters of blood drawn under aseptic conditions, the serum was separated. The sample was subjected to biochemical analysis for quantitative estimation of serum LDH by a semi auto-analyzer. Results: It was observed that serum LDH activity was significantly (P < 0.05) increased in patients with OSCC, OL and OSMF. Conclusion: Serum LDH estimation can prove to be a valuable tool as a biochemical marker as it is a simple, non-invasive procedure and is easily accepted by the patient.

Hematology and serum biochemistry of captive gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) in India

Aim: To study the hematological and serum biochemical parameters of the critically endangered gharial (Gavialis gangeticus). Materials and Methods: Blood samples for hemato-biochemical analyses were collected from the ventral median coccygeal vein of six juvenile and six sub adult gharials of Dewari Gharial Rearing Centre of National Chambal Sanctuary, Madhya Pradesh, India. Hematological examination was performed manually. Differential leukocyte count was performed on the blood smears stained with Giemsa’s stain. The analysis of serum was conducted by eppendorf ECOM-F 6124 semi auto biochemical analyzer using standard ERBA biochemical reagent kits. Results: Peripheral blood cells of gharial showed erythrocytes with an oval outline and centrally located prominent round to oval nucleus. Erythrocyte count in sub adult gharials was significantly greater than juveniles. Whereas erythrocyte mean corpuscular volume and erythrocyte size in juveniles was significantly larger than sub adults. The average most abundant leukocyte type in gharial was lymphocytes (53%), followed by heterophils (27%), eosinophils (10%), monocytes (7%) and basophils (3%). Aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen, triglycerides and albumin concentrations in sub adult gharials were significantly higher than juveniles. No significant differences were determined in other hemato-biochemical parameters between juvenile and sub adult gharials under study. Conclusion: A preliminary database on hematology and blood biochemistry of gharial was established. The data will be useful in routine health evaluations, especially in relation to determining potential effects associated with factors such as pollution and infectious diseases.

English

BACKGROUND: Menstruation is a phenomenon unique to females and nearly universal experience in women's lives and is poorly understood. It is characterized by co-ordinate sequence of hormonal changes but the changes that occur in the distribution of hematological parameters, biochemical parameters have not been clearly established. AIMS: To compare Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), Serum total protein, Serum albumin, Serum globulin and Red Blood Cell count (RBC) in different phases of menstrual cycle. MATERIALS & METHODS: The present study was carried out on 100 healthy female medical students in the age group of 18 to 23years with normal menstrual cycle. E.S.R, Serum total protein, Serum albumin, Serum globulin and RBC count were studied on 2nd day MP(Menstrual Phase),11th day PP(Proliferative Phase), 22ndday SP(Secretory Phase) of menstrual cycle using Wintergreen's method, semi auto analyzer Erba chem-7(BCG Dye method) for serum proteins, Hemo Auto analyzer SYSMEX KX-21 respectively. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 17.0 Software. To compare means of two independent groups, student's t- test for independent samples was used. RESULTS: The study revealed that ESR was significantly (P<0.01) higher in menstrual phase compared to proliferative phase. Serum total protein was significantly increased in Secretory Phase (SP) compared to Menstrual Phase (MP) (P<0.05). Serum albumin was significantly (P<0.05) increased in proliferative phase compared to secretory phase and menstrual phase. Serum globulin was significantly increased in SP compared to PP (P<0.05). Red blood cell count showed no significant changes during various phases of menstrual cycle. CONCLUSION: In the present study we found significantly low level of serum albumin and decreased RBC count though not significant increases rouleaux formation thus increasing ESR in the menstrual phase but serum globulin and serum total protein showed increase in secretory phase which does not explain ESR

Evaluation of serum calcium and serum parathyroid levels in post-menopausal women with and without oral dryness.

The primary objective of this study was to estimate and secondary objective was to compare the serum calcium levels and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in post-menopausal women with and without oral dryness (OD). A case-control study was carried out on 80 selected post-menopausal women. Salivary flow was assessed by flow rate; serum calcium concentrations were assessed through Semi Autoanalyzer by Arsenazo III reaction. The serum PTH concentration was measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Severity of OD was assessed by a questionnaire through which the xerostomia inventory (XI) score could be measured. Statistical analysis of Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney test and Pearson's correlation was used. There was a significant difference in mean values of both serum PTH concentration and XI score in post-menopausal women with/without OD (p < 0.001). No statistically significant difference (p = 0.354) was found in salivary flow rate and serum calcium levels in post-menopausal women in both groups. A positive correlation was found between the serum PTH and XI score in both case and control groups (p < 0.05). Severity of oral dryness in post-menopausal women is associated with the high levels of serum PTH. However, the correlation of severity of OD with serum calcium could not be established.

The evaluation of cardiac markers in diabetic and non diabetic patients with myocardial infarction

Introduction: This study was aimed to assess Cardiac marker like C-RP, lipid profile, CK-MB, AND SGOT in diabetic and non diabetic patients with myocardial infarction. Methods: This study was conducted in Department of Biochemistry during period of 2006-2007 in SSG hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat. Biochemical investigation including Fating blood sugar (FBS), Post prandial blood sugar (PP2BS), CK-MB, SGOT, LDH, Total cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C were determined using semi auto analyzer and fully auto analyzer (Erba cam50 & Mura logo tech respectively) with ready to used kits. Results: In this study, levels of CK-MB (p<0.001) and SGOT (p=0.0057), C-RP (p=0.01), Triglyceride (p=0.005) are significantly increased in patients of myocardial with diabetes mellitus, while HDL level decreased in patients of myocardial infarction with diabetes mellitus compared to non diabetic MI patients. Statistical Analysis: Data was compiled in excel sheet, analyzed for percentage and proportion. Statistical analyses were carried out by using one way ANOVA, value of p<0.1 has been considered statistically significant. Conclusion: Study suggest that cardiac markers like C-RP, lipid profile, CK-MB, AND SGOT levels were significantly increased in patients suffering from myocardial infarction with diabetes mellitus compared to patients of myocardial infarction without diabetes mellitus.

Activity of Lecithin Cholesterol Acyl Transferase and Apolipoprotein A-I in Newly Detected Type 2 Diabetes mellitus

Aims: 1. To study the levels of Apolipoprotein A-I and activity of Lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) in newly detected type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry and Department of Medicine, Belgaum Institute of Medical Sciences (BIMS), Belgaum, Karnataka, India, between November 2011 and June 2013. Methods: Study included 100 patients (50 men, 50 women, age range 30-60 years) with newly detected type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and 100 age and sex matched healthy participants. LCAT activity was assessed by measuring the difference between esterified and free cholesterol. Determination of free and esterified cholesterol was done by using digitonin precipitation method. Apolipoprotein A-I was measured by immunoturbidemetric method using semi auto analyzer. HDL cholesterol level was measured by CHOD-POD method. Original Research Article British Journal of Medicine & Medical Research, 4(14): 2653-2660, 2014 2654 Results: The mean±SD value of various parameters in newly detected type 2 Diabetes Mellitus was HDL cholesterol(33.37±4.44mg/dl), Apolipoprotein A-I(133.10±24.22mg/dl), and LCAT activity(59±9.86 IU/L), versus HDL cholesterol(48.76±16.84mg/dl), Apolipoprotein A-I(188.72±19.49mg/dl) and LCAT activity (91.74±6.50IU/L) in controls. LCAT activity, Apolipoprotein A-I and HDL levels were significantly (p < 0.01) decreased in patients with newly detected type 2 Diabetes Mellitus when compared with healthy participants. Conclusion: The reduced LCAT activity, Apolipoprotein-A-I and HDL cholesterol may be associated with a reduction in Reverse cholesterol transport(RCT) and contribute to the development of atherosclerosis in newly detected type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Evaluation of salivary calcium and salivary parathyroid levels in postmenopausal women with and without oral dryness

Objective:The primary objective of this study is to estimate and secondary objective is to compare the salivary calcium levels, salivary parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in postmenopausal women with and without oral dryness (OD).Materials and Methods:A case-control study was carried out on 80 selected postmenopausal women. Salivary calcium concentrations were assessed through Semi Autoanalyzer by Arsenazo III reaction. The salivary PTH concentration was measured by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Severity of OD was assessed by a questionnaire through which the xerostomia inventory (XI) score could be measured. Statistical analysis of Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney test and Pearson's correlation was used.Results:There was a significant difference in mean values of both salivary calcium concentration and XI score in postmenopausal women with/without OD (P < 0.001). No statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) was found in salivary parathyroid levels in postmenopausal women in both groups. A positive correlation was found between the salivary calcium concentration and XI score in both case and control groups (P < 0.05).Conclusion:Severity of OD in postmenopausal women is associated with the high levels of salivary calcium. However, the correlation of severity of OD with PTH could not be established.

A STUDY ON BODY COMPOSITION AND LIPID PROFILE IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN

The interactions between the various physiological risk factors for cardiovascular disease are complex in women, the risk increases markedly after menopause and eventually becomes equivalent to that of men. This observation has suggested, but has not proven, that estrogens have a protective effect against cardiovascular disease This study was done to find out the body composition and lipid profile in postmenopausal women of North-West Karnataka, and any variation between them. The present study was conducted in the department of physiology, Al-Ameen medical college, Bijapur. Sixty nine postmenopausal women attending the hospital, Bijapur were selected and divided into two groups. Group-I: 32 Early postmenopausal women (up to 5years of postmenopausal duration) Group-II: 37 Late postmenopausal women (> 5years of postmenopausal duration). Then physical parameters noted and venous blood sample drown to determine lipid profile in semi auto analyzer. The BMI matched obese postmenopausal women, had significantly higher, WC, WHR and intra-abdominal fat volume compared with premenopausal women. TC and TG were significantly higher and HDL-C was significantly lower in postmenopausal women. When age matched pre- and postmenopausal women were compared only TC was significantly higher in postmenopausal group. However, older postmenopausal women (>50years) had significantly higher WC and WHR compared with younger postmenopausal women (<50years).In healthy women, during the time from premenopausal to first year Postmenopausal examinations, the changes in LDL-C, TG, and BMI were larger than those between first and fifth year Postmenopausal examinations.

Studies on Serum Lipids, Lipoproteins and High Sensitive C-reactive Protein in Type 2 Diabetes

The aim of the study was to determine the association of lipid profile with high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), obese, hypertensive in type 2 diabetes in north Chennai area, Tamil Nadu, India. Nearly 300 blood sample were collected from patients in JPM diagnostic centre, north Chennai, Tamil Nadu and grouped them into diabetic (n=150) and non diabetic (n=150). Behavioral characters were calculated by using the data from the questionnaire like age, sex, height, weight, food habits, obesity, blood pressure (BP), family history, alcohol and smoking habits were correlated for interpretation. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured by using standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Hypertension was diagnosed as per the criteria provided by the WHO (1959&1978). The body weight was calculated by taking weight in kg and height was measured in cms. The body mass index was calculated from the formula BMI = weight in kg/(height in meters) 2 Patients were taken as obese if their body mass index was 29.9. All biochemical analyses were done on a semi autoanalyser (RA 50). hs-CRP levels were measured with Elisa reader (Star Fax 325). The lipid concentration level was significantly higher in diabetic patients compared with non diabetic patients, serum total cholesterol mean ± SD 209.57±26.56 (P<0.001), serum triglycerides mean ± SD 184.78±49.10 (P<0.001), serum LDL - cholesterol mean ± SD 165.27±29.43,(P<0.001) and decrease in serum HDL-cholesterol levels mean ± SD 42.30±7.12, (P<0.001), and total cholesterol/HDL ratio, mean ± SD 5.13±1.27 (P<.001), Regression analysis revealed obese to be strongly associated with diabetes observed. BMI mean±SD 26.93-3.10 (P<0.001). hs-CRP values increased with increase of obese mean ± SD 6.71±2.78 (ANOVA P<0.001) and HbA1c mean± SD 8.54±1.07 (ANOVA P<0.001). Lipid concentration is elevated in hypertensive with diabetes serum total cholesterol mean ± SD 211.61±26.21 (P<0.001) and compared with hypertensive with non diabetic subjects. Lipid concentration level increased (Total cholesterol, LDL, TGL&VLDL) and decreased (HDL) in diabetes subjects. Lipoprotein particles significantly higher in diabetic female, compared to diabetic male. hs-CRP, increased in obese diabetes when compared with non obese diabetics, and obese non diabetics. hs-CRP strongly associated in obese with diabetes. Lipid concentration elevated in hypertensive with diabetes. The risk factors such as obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, food habits and family history were found to promote the development of type 2 diabetes.

Studies on serum lipids, lipoproteins and high sensitive C-Reactive protein in type 2 diabetes

The aim of the study was to determine the association of lipid profile with high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), obese, hypertensive in type 2 diabetes in north Chennai area, Tamil Nadu, India. Nearly 300 blood sample were collected from patients in JPM diagnostic centre, north Chennai, Tamil Nadu and grouped them into diabetic (n=150) and non diabetic (n=150). Behavioral characters were calculated by using the data from the questionnaire like age, sex, height, weight, food habits, obesity, blood pressure (BP), family history, alcohol and smoking habits were correlated for interpretation. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured by using standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Hypertension was diagnosed as per the criteria provided by the WHO (1959 & 1978). The body weight was calculated by taking weight in kg and height was measured in cms. The body mass index was calculated from the formula BMI = weight in kg/(height in meters)2 Patients were taken as obese if their body mass index was 29.9. All biochemical analyses were done on a semi autoanalyser (RA 50). hs-CRP levels were measured with Elisa reader (Star Fax 325). The lipid concentration level was significantly higher in diabetic patients compared with non diabetic patients, serum total cholesterol mean ± SD 209.57r26.56 (P<0.001), serum triglycerides mean ± SD 184.78r49.10 (P<0.001), serum LDL - cholesterol mean ± SD 165.27r29.43,(P<0.001) and decrease in serum HDL-cholesterol levels mean ± SD 42.30r7.12, (P<0.001), and total cholesterol/HDL ratio, mean ± SD 5.13r1.27 (P<.001), Regression analysis revealed obese to be strongly associated with diabetes observed. BMI mean±SD 26.93-3.10 (P<0.001). hs-CRP values increased with increase of obese mean ± SD 6.71r2.78 (ANOVA P<0.001) and HbA1c mean± SD 8.54r1.07 (ANOVA P<0.001). Lipid concentration is elevated in hypertensive with diabetes serum total cholesterol mean ± SD 211.61r26.21 (P<0.001) and compared with hypertensive with non diabetic subjects. Lipid concentration level increased (Total cholesterol, LDL, TGL & VLDL) and decreased (HDL) in diabetes subjects. Lipoprotein particles significantly higher in diabetic female, compared to diabetic male. hs-CRP, increased in obese diabetes when compared with non obese diabetics, and obese non diabetics. hs-CRP strongly associated in obese with diabetes. Lipid concentration elevated in hypertensive with diabetes. The risk factors such as obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, food habits and family history were found to promote the development of type 2 diabetes. Keywords: Lipid profile, lipoprotein C-reactive protein, type 2 diabetes, obese, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia,

Magnitude of dyslipedemia and its association with micro and macro vascular complications in type 2 diabetes: A hospital based study from Bikaner (Northwest India)

Aim Type 2 diabetes is not only associated with hyperglycemia but also with disorders of lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of dyslipedemia with micro and macro vascular complications of diabetes. Methods Population based cross sectional study included 4067 diabetic patients who visited hospital during January 2000 to December 2002. Lipid profile was estimated by semi autoanalyser, Retinopathy was assessed by fundoscopy, Nephropathy by microalbuminurea, coronary artery disease (CAD) by electro cardiogram (ECG) changes, peripheral vascular disease (PVD) by doppler study and neuropathy by clinical examinations. The association of dyslipedemia with micro and macro vascular complications was assessed by regression analysis. Results The prevalence of dyslipedemia is high in diabetic population with high serum cholesterol >240 mg/dl was seen in 15%, serum triglycerides >160 mg/dl was seen in 42.41%, raised LDL >130 mg/dl in 45.26%, VLDL >40 mg/dl in 24.09% and low levels of HDL-C <40 mg/dl were seen in 52.27%. On regression analysis, CAD had strong correlation with high levels of VLDL (0.76), triglycerides (0.82), LDL (0.23) and low HDL (−0.81). Similar association was seen with PVD. Diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy were found to have significant correlation with low HDL (−0.43) and raised LDL (0.37), respectively. Neuropathy was not found to have any significant correlation with lipid profile abnormalities. Conclusion Lipid profile abnormalities are very common in type 2 diabetes and it has great influence on CAD and PVD. Hence, appropriate preventive and treatment strategies should be considered timely.

C - reactive protein levels in women with pregnancy induced hypertension

Objective: The main objective of this study is to determine the level of C- reactive protein in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) along its relation with normal pregnant mothers and also to compare it with different grades of pregnancy. C-reactive protein and inflammation are interrelated. Another objective of this study is to find out the relationship of C- reactive protein, biochemical and hematological parameter in PIH as well as its clinical correlation. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the department of Gynaecology and department of Pathology in Burdwan Medical College West Bengal India after taking permission from ethical committee. 50 cases of PIH mothers and age and gestational matched 50 cases of normal control pregnant mothers and 50 normal healthy non pregnant adult women were included in this present study. CRP was estimated by turbidometric method. Serum Uric acid, SGPT, Serum Creatinine were estimated by semi auto analyzer, Serum ß HCG was estimated by ELISA technique. The total leukocytes count, absolute Neutrophils count, Platelet counts were done in hematological cell counter with correlation from peripheral direct smear and manual counting. Urine protein was detected by dipstick method. Results: Serum C- reactive protein was positively correlated with severity of in PIH. Results shows a significantly increased C-reactive protein in PIH (Mean SD 42.02 mg/L±18 .01 mg/L, P&lt;0.001) in comparison to normal control mother (Mean SD 4.2 ±0.93 mg/L). Conclusion: Serum C-reactive protein levels can be used as marker for early diagnosis and intervention of PIH and can be reduced maternal as well as fetal morbidity and mortality. Key words: C - reactive protein, pregnancy induced hypertension. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3329/bjms.v10i3.8358 BJMS 2011; 10(3): 159-162