The development of lexical competence remains one of the central problems of foreign language education because vocabulary knowledge directly conditions comprehension, oral interaction, written production, and the precision of meaning-making. In contemporary language pedagogy, lexical competence is no longer interpreted as the mere accumulation of isolated words; rather, it is understood as the ability to select, relate, control, and use vocabulary in context. This article examines the didactic potential of the “concept analysis” method for developing students’ lexical competence in a foreign language. In this study, the concept analysis method is treated as an umbrella instructional approach that includes concept mapping, semantic mapping, and semantic feature analysis, since these techniques organize lexical units through category, feature, hierarchy, and semantic relations. The article based on an integrative review of official Council of Europe documents and peer-reviewed studies published between 2001 and 2025. The analysis shows that concept-oriented vocabulary work strengthens both the breadth and the depth of lexical knowledge, improves retention, supports transfer from receptive to productive use, and promotes more accurate lexical choice in speech and writing. At the same time, the effectiveness of the method depends on careful task design, sufficient duration, and the integration of conceptual work with communicative practice. The article argues that the concept analysis method should be viewed not as an auxiliary graphic activity, but as a didactic mechanism for restructuring lexical knowledge and transforming vocabulary learning from memorization into meaningful conceptual development.

Stroke survivors often face problems in language, motor, and cognitive skills because the neural networks for these functions overlap. Consequently, the recovery is complex and requires a multimodal approach. This study examined the interactions among linguistic, motor, and cognitive processes. We also evaluated how integrating speech and language therapy (SLT) with arm ability training (AAT) affects recovery in patients with Broca's aphasia. This was a prospective, assessor-blinded, three-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial with an open-label design. Forty-five participants in the chronic stage of recovery were randomly allocated to three groups: SLT, AAT, and combined SLT + AAT. The interventions lasted for 3 weeks. Motor, cognitive, and language functions were assessed before, during (Weeks 1 and 2), and after the intervention. Both within-group and between-groups analyses and growth rates were examined. All motor metrics, including abduction (75.56%), flexion (82.22%), endurance (102.03%), and strength (207.78%), improved significantly more in the SLT + AAT group than in the SLT and AAT groups alone (p < .05). The cognitive score of the combined group increased by 71.86%, whereas that of the SLT and AAT groups improved by 39.56% and 29.01%, respectively. The SLT + AAT group's language function showed improvement, particularly naming ability from 64.00 ± 19.57 to 83.67 ± 8.12 (p < .001). Language, cognition, and motor processes have both mutual and synergistic relationships. Although each intervention alone was effective, the combined SLT and AAT offered superior outcomes. Overall, these findings support the use of holistic and cross-modal strategies to enhance neuroplasticity and to promote recovery. https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.31360018.

Evolution and genetics play a vital role in understanding biology and are widely recognised as unifying, interdisciplinary concepts in biological research. This study has a dual objective. It first assesses pre-service biology teachers’ (PSBTs) knowledge and misconceptions about evolution and genetics. Secondly, it sought to compare these findings across different levels of study and among participants by gender. A pragmatic, sequential, mixed-methods design was employed, involving 240 PSBTs in their 2nd, 3rd, and 4th years of pursuing a Bachelor of Education Science degree at one university in Ghana. The study collected data from the Test on Evolution and Genetics Concepts (TEGIC), semi-structured interviews, and document analysis. Descriptive, inferential, and descriptive-interpretive statistics were used to analyse the data. The results indicated no significant differences in academic success in evolution and genetics among PSBTs, based on year of study and gender. Moreover, the findings revealed numerous misconceptions among the participants on these concepts. Therefore, the study has implications for stakeholders in biology education, suggesting the implementation of innovative teaching strategies, including technology integration, conceptual map development, simulations, differentiated instruction, and semantic feature analysis in the science classroom to enhance students' conceptual understanding of biology.

This study aimed to enhance students' language proficiency by exploring a Bayesian personalized business English learning method based on deep learning. First, the study improved English vocabulary instruction through semantic feature analysis. The experiment used deep learning models to extract features from business English teaching data, which were then input as observational data into Bayesian models. These models integrated prior knowledge and observational data to derive posterior probability distributions, which assessed student learning states, predicted future performance, and optimized teaching strategies. Second, by offering comprehensive recommendations and relevant indices, the system provided users with content suggestions aligned with their learning needs, expediting the learning process. Finally, the practical application of the proposed method was validated through empirical case analysis. By analyzing student learning outcomes and performances, the system could formulate personalized learning plans and instructional strategies, achieving on-demand learning and precision teaching.

The purpose of this research was to see how the Semantic Feature Analysis (SFA) approach improved the naming skills of people with aphasia in Surakarta. Aphasia's major lexico-semantic symptom is anomia, or trouble finding words, which greatly hinders communication and quality of life. This study was designed to improve evidence-based treatment for this group. The research used a quantitative pre-experimental design with a single group pre-test and post-test. The sample consisted of ten people with aphasia, mostly Broca's type (80%), who were chosen by purposive sampling in Surakarta. The intervention, Semantic Feature Analysis, was delivered over 12 sessions. Naming ability was assessed using the TADIR instrument, and results were analyzed using a Paired T-Test. The study found a significant change in naming scores before and after the SFA intervention, with a p-value of 0.000 (≤ 0.05). This resulted in the rejection of the null hypothesis (H0), indicating that the SFA intervention is beneficial.

Background/Objectives: Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by gradual and progressive deterioration of speech and language abilities. Speech and language therapy is considered an important intervention to slow decline and support the recovery of linguistic functions in individuals with PPA. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of an elaborated Semantic Feature Analysis (SFA) approach in enhancing naming abilities and semantic networks in individuals with the logopenic and semantic variants of PPA. Methods: Fourteen participants were recruited, including seven individuals with logopenic PPA and seven with semantic PPA. All participants received an elaborated SFA intervention twice weekly for four weeks. The Aphasia Language Assessment Test (ADD), the Turkish Picture Naming Test (T-RAT), and the SAQOL-39 were conducted at the following three time points: prior to treatment (pre-test), immediately after treatment (post-test), and one month post-treatment (follow-up). Results: Significant improvements were observed in ADD, T-RAT, and SAQOL-39 scores in both logopenic and semantic PPA groups following treatment (p < 0.05). Although follow-up scores declined compared to posttest performance (p < 0.05), several follow-up scores remained higher than pretest levels. Between-group comparisons indicated no significant difference in ADD scores; however, logopenic PPA participants demonstrated higher T-RAT scores (p < 0.05), while semantic PPA participants showed higher SAQOL-39 scores, except at follow-up (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Preliminary results suggest that the elaborated SFA intervention is effective in improving naming skills, language functioning, and quality of life in both logopenic and semantic variants of PPA. Although treatment gains partially decreased after one month, many improvements were maintained above baseline, supporting the clinical value of SFA in managing language decline in PPA.

People with aphasia (PWA) experience lexical retrieval impairments, hindering effective communication. The semantic feature analysis (SFA) protocol, a specific semantically based lexical retrieval treatment, is widely used to improve naming abilities. This study applied SFA treatment to Korean-speaking PWA, a verb-final language, to compare the efficacy of noun-SFA and verb-SFA across various linguistic levels. A total of 10 Korean-speaking PWA participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to either the noun-SFA or verb-SFA group. Pre- and post-assessments were conducted before and after 20 treatment sessions to evaluate the treatment and transfer effects across various linguistic domains. Group comparisons indicated that near transfer effects to untreated items within the treated word class and nonverbal semantic association abilities were more robust in the verb-SFA group. Within-group analysis showed that both SFA treatments demonstrated significant direct treatment and near transfer effects on treated word class tests. However, near transfer effects to untreated word class tests were not significant in either group. For far transfer effects, the verb-SFA group showed greater gains in sentence-level tests. Aphasia severity improved in both groups, with more pronounced recovery in the verb-SFA group. The efficacy of verb-SFA treatment for Korean-speaking PWA can be attributed to the unique verb-final structure of the Korean language, where verbs and their thematic roles are emphasized at the end of sentences. This underscores the importance of considering language-specific factors when developing and implementing semantic-based treatments for PWA, particularly in verb-final languages.

Background. From a linguistic point of view, medical texts are interesting primarily as a material for studying medical terminology, which is the subject of many scientific papers, including in the field of historical terminology. This article substantiates that the commonly used vocabulary of historical medical texts has its own characteristics and is of scientific interest. The object of the research is the development of non-terminological vocabulary of the Russian literary language of the first half of the 19th century based on scientific medical texts. The purpose of the work is to analyze the commonly used vocabulary of historical texts in lexicographic, lexico-semantic, and word-formation aspects. Materials and methods.The research material was the scientific medical texts of the 19th century on pharmacology by Alexander P.Nelyubin(1785-1858) and Pyotr F.Goryaninov(1796-1865) – professors of the Imperial St. Petersburg Medical-Surgical Academy – the highest specialized educational institution of the Russian Empire. The comparative-historical method, which was used when working with the material of the 19th century,contributed to achieving the goal of the work, as well as removing possible linguistic difficulties when reading specific historical texts by a modern reader. Results.A comparative analysis of non-terminological words was carried out from two sides: for compliance with the literary norms of the nineteenth century and in comparison with the norms of the modern Russian literary language. The result of the work showed that in scientific medical pre-revolutionary texts there are spellings of words that do not comply with the spelling rules of the nineteenth century, the inconsistencies identified are few. The study revealed the following deviations from the orthographic norms of the 19th century:spelling of the words "doctor", "medicine", "professor", "surgeon", "phytologist" with a lowercase letter; spelling of the word "ether" with the letter "f"; spelling of the prefixes raz-, iz-, voz- with the letter "z" in words where a voiceless consonant is written after the prefix, except for the letter "s"; double spelling of words. Spelling that differs from the standard is explained by several reasons: the process of democratization of the language of the 19th century, the existence of two equal spelling variants, author's errors, and typos when typesetting texts in a printing house. The analysis of lexical and semantic features of non-terminological words in scientific medical texts has shown that changes in the lexical meaning and stylistic affiliation of words reflect the general process of democratization of the Russian literary language of the 19th century, which manifested itself in the reduction of Church Slavonic vocabulary and loanwords and the inclusion of dialectal, vernacular and colloquial elements in its composition.

ABSTRACT Introduction The purpose of the study was to examine the efficacy of a modified semantic feature analysis (SFA) – working memory (WM) approach on a group of people with aphasia (PwA), representing a variety of aphasia subtypes. Self-reported quality of life measures were also obtained. Method Nine individuals with Broca’s, conduction, Wernicke’s, and anomic aphasia participated in the study. Pre- and post-treatment assessments of language function, WM abilities, and perceived quality of life were carried out. The treatment protocol, based on a previous pilot study (Hashimoto, 2023), incorporated WM and linguistic tasks to improve naming accuracy across two treatment lists. A single-subject multiple-baseline across behaviors design was employed. Maintenance effects were examined one-month following treatment. Treatment effect sizes (Beeson & Robey, 2006), modified t-tests (Crawford & Howell, 1998), and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test was carried out to examine the effects of treatment on overall language functions, as well as on naming and WM performance. Results Seven of nine participants demonstrated a range of small to large ESs on the treated lists. Post-treatment improvements were also obtained on various language and WM assessments for all participants. Group analyses revealed significantly improved post-treatment scores on measures of overall language function and on overall self-reported quality of life. Conclusions These findings revealed that the modified SFA – WM approach can be used successfully to treat anomia across a wider variety of aphasia types. Given the significant impact of cognitive functions on linguistic performance in PwA, this approach represents a viable treatment option for practicing clinicians.

Statement of the problem. Musical Orientalism functions and develops on the basis of integrative connections with the system of humanities, primarily philosophy, aesthetics, history, history of culture, art history, literary studies, since the phenomenon of Orientalism encompasses the main directions and types of artistic activity, starting with the Baroque and flourishing more fully in the art and musical culture of the 18th–20th centuries. As a subject of scientific research, Orientalism is most thoroughly studied in philological sciences, where it is analyzed through the prism of linguistic, literary and cultural texts of Asian regions. However, in the field of musical art it turns out to be no less significant, representing a complex of stylistic means aimed at the artistic reproduction of the image of the East. The paradigm of exotic style in music, according to J.-P. Bartoli, forms a holistic system of artistic techniques that are clearly identifiable and together constitute a universal toolkit for creating the effect of exoticism, which composers have successfully used for centuries (Bartoli, 1997). In A. Mamona’s works, for the first time in Ukrainian musicology, the author’s concept of “new Orientalism” was proposed as a special approach of composers to embodying oriental images in their works (Mamona, 2021; 2024). Objectives, methods, and novelty of the research. The purpose of the study is to represent the semantics of the oriental component of the choral scenes of the opera “Samson and Delilah” by C. Saint Sa&amp;#235;ns. For the first time, the article presents a systematic reproduction of the image of the East in the choral scenes of the opera “Samson and Delilah” through a semantic analysis of oriental features. The research methodology is based on systemic-typological, genre-stylistic, semantic and value-semantic approaches. Research results. In the opera “Samson and Delilah” by C. Saint-Sa&amp;#235;ns, the oriental flavor is combined with religious themes. Along with this, the view of the East is represented by contrasting two worlds – the Western and the Eastern. Samson and the people of Israel represent the Western world, Delilah and the Philistines – the Eastern. This conceptual contrast also finds its expression in musical drama, where choral scenes are not just a musical background, but a powerful dramatic lever. Although both peoples – both Jews and Philistines – belong to the Eastern civilization in the historical context, the composer deliberately uses different musical means to characterize them. Conclusion. C. Saint-Sa&amp;#235;ns masterfully reveals the mechanisms of musical Orientalism, where exotic elements serve not only as a coloristic effect, but also as a tool for constructing a certain musical semantics of the East. The composer contrasts Western and Eastern musical traditions. The semantics of Orientalism manifests itself at different levels of musical language – mode-intonation, harmonic, dynamic, timbre-textural.

Aphasia rehabilitation is a learning process that unfolds over time. Previous group studies have examined aphasia treatment response using pre- to posttreatment comparison, largely ignoring the unfolding learning response that occurs session-to-session. We aimed to (a) characterize the shape of learning while individuals with aphasia received intensive anomia intervention and (b) identify the cognitive predictors of this learning response. Individuals (N = 39) with chronic poststroke aphasia received intensive semantic feature analysis (SFA). Naming accuracy for trained and semantically related, untrained words was probed daily. We used Bayesian generalized linear mixed-effects models to estimate the shape of learning during SFA treatment and to measure the influence of key cognitive functions on treatment response. Most treatment gains appeared early during treatment, after the first 4 hr of intervention. Verbal recognition and visuospatial memory were associated with the magnitude of those early treatment gains, favoring strong cognitive performers. Treatment generalization to untrained targets was present but modest, with some evidence suggesting that visuospatial recall performance may be associated with treatment generalization. Monitoring SFA treatment response early could help inform clinicians whether patients will respond optimally to intervention. Verbal recognition and visuospatial recall support learning during treatment, helping elucidate cognitive underpinnings of learning during aphasia rehabilitation. https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.30213520.

The study "The linguistic aspect of conflict in Dina Rubina's prose: an analysis of lexical and semantic features" is an attempt to analyze the linguistic and semantic aspects of conflict in the works of the popular contemporary writer Dina Rubina. A study of this issue may shed light on how the author uses linguistic means to convey conflicts between characters, social contradictions, or inner mental struggles. The analysis of lexical and semantic features can help identify the specifics of the language that the writer uses to create an atmosphere of tension, drama or emotional saturation. Such a study can also be useful for literary critics, philologists, cultural scientists and anyone interested in language and literature. Understanding how linguistic means can reflect and reinforce conflicts in literary works can help to better understand the essence of the text and the intensity of its emotional impact on the reader. The study is also relevant for literary scholarship and criticism, and may also offer new interesting insights into the work of this author. The practical significance of this research lies in the fact that it can help to better understand how language is used to express conflicts in literature. This knowledge can be useful for linguists, literary critics and critics who study the works of Dina Rubina or other authors. In addition, the research results can be used to develop methods for analyzing texts in order to identify and interpret lexical and semantic features, which can be useful when studying other works. The purpose of the work is to consider the linguistic aspect of conflict in Dina Rubina's prose: the analysis of lexical and semantic features. The following tasks follow from the set goal: - to consider the concept of linguistic specificity of a literary text; - to study the artistic and linguistic originality of D. Rubina's texts; - to explore the lexical features of Dina Rubina's idiosyncrasy based on the collections of short stories "Bonjorno, Comandante!" and "Babylonian district of a Dimensionless City"; - to study the stylistic functions of verb forms in the stories of Dina Rubina. The purpose defined the methods of work: descriptive and analytical (analysis of literature on the research topic), continuous sampling (when collecting factual material), as well as the classification method.

Encoding only-type exclusive focus in discourse involves complex computation and integration of knowledge from multiple linguistic domains. We present a comprehensive analysis of syntactic, semantic, prosodic, and discourse contextual features of 864 utterances with only and its Mandarin equivalents zhi(you) produced by Mandarin-English bilingual preschoolers and matched monolinguals (age 2-6, Study 1), and by Mandarin-speaking parents (Study 2), all sampled from naturalistic interactions. The results revealed largely target-like syntactic positioning and semantic association of only and zhi(you) in both languages in the bilinguals, with cross-linguistic influence between only and zhi. Interestingly, the bilingual children, like their Mandarin monolingual peers, employed longer duration but not raised mean pitch to shift the prosodic stress to the intended focus, although both acoustic features, in addition to positional and contextual cues, were instantiated in the focus utterances in the Mandarin parental input, suggesting prolonged development in focus-prosody mapping in children independent of bilingualism.

Exploring the trust relationship between humans and technology is becoming a core issue in the technological development trend and the future of humanity. The research develops an innovative solution to recognizing public trust in ChatGPT through an analysis of semantic features in textual data. We collected 73,118 comments from December 2022 to May 2024 on ChatGPT to recognize public trust and concern. Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) was introduced to improve trust classification accuracy. We employed sentiment analysis and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model to understand the concerns of each group. The results indicate that the negative public sentiment toward ChatGPT at different levels of trust dominated. Meanwhile, the sentimental gap in the trusted comments was larger than that in the distrusted group. There is a relationship between media exposure, sentiment and trust in the topic Media. Our findings provide valuable implications for the future development of ChatGPT.

BackgroundPeople with aphasia present with language and communication deficits, most notably in lexical retrieval (naming). Although positive outcomes in naming have been observed following speech-language treatment, many individuals with aphasia continue to face impairments after the acute phase of rehabilitation. Mobile app–based therapies are increasingly being used by speech-language pathologists in the rehabilitation of people with aphasia as an adjunct to or in lieu of traditional in-person therapy approaches. These apps can increase the intensity of treatment and have been shown to result in meaningful outcomes across several domains.ObjectiveVoiceAdapt is a mobile therapy app addressing naming impairments, designed within a user-centered design framework. The VoiceAdapt app uses two evidence-based lexical retrieval treatments to engage people with aphasia to improve their naming abilities through interaction with the app. The purpose of this study was to conduct a randomized controlled trial to examine the preliminary clinical efficacy of training with VoiceAdapt on the language and communication outcomes of people with aphasia.MethodsA two-arm, waitlist-controlled, crossover group randomized controlled trial was conducted at two sites within Canada. During the intervention phase, participants completed 5 weeks of independent training with the app, which involved naming practice using Semantic Features Analysis and Phonological Components Analysis. The primary outcome measure was naming performance (Boston Naming Test); secondary outcomes included measures of overall language and naming (Western Aphasia Battery-Revised), communication (Communication Effectiveness Index), and quality of life (Stroke and Aphasia Quality of Life Scale-39).ResultsA total of 37 people with aphasia in the chronic stages (average 4.6 y postonset of aphasia) participated in this study. Participants used the app for an average of 20 hours over the 5-week intervention phase. Training with VoiceAdapt resulted in an increase of 1.6 points on the Boston Naming Test (Cohen d=0.3). Evidence for improved naming was also observed on trained items, as well as subtests of naming or word-finding on the WAB-R. Training with the app also resulted in a significant increase in participants’ perceptions of their communication quality of life (increase of 0.1 points; Cohen d=0.3), but no other measures (WAB-R Aphasia Quotient, Communicative Effectiveness Index) were significant.ConclusionsIndividuals with aphasia who used the VoiceAdapt app for 5 weeks to target naming skills demonstrated measurable gains in naming and communication-based quality of life. Notably, these changes were observed in a remotely delivered program, in participants who were in the chronic stages of aphasia. These findings inform the profession on the use of app-based home therapy programs as an accessible, cost-effective option for individuals in the chronic stages of recovery who often have limited options for rehabilitation.

This study aimed to develop a model for addressing multiple identities of the Balinese lexicon within the anggah-ungguhing (speech level) system. The model developed is expected to resolve the multiple identities frequently found in the Balinese speech level dictionaries and similar references. Furthermore, this study was based on the principles of classification, applying the theory of lexical semantic feature differentiation. A qualitative method was used, and the data were collected through document recording and questionnaire methods. The data were then analyzed using the extralingual context method, with a focus on the domain of lexical use. This process facilitated the creation of a matrix for the Balinese lexical semantic differentiation and a work table for vocabulary identification within the speech level system. The two conceptual products effectively addressed the multiple identities of the Balinese words within the speech level system.

Purpose Stroke research Priority Setting Partnerships identified a need for interventions that address wellbeing and communication. This paper outlines the development of a communication and wellbeing intervention for delivery in the virtual world, EVA Park, for people with aphasia called Virtual Elaborated Semantic Feature Analysis. Materials and Methods The Medical Research Council framework for developing complex interventions was followed to combine evidence (literature review), underpinning theory (semantic processing theories, framework for situated language use and learning theories) and involvement with stakeholders (four people with aphasia and three speech and language therapists) in an intervention that addresses word finding, situated language and wellbeing. Results Evidence for the semantic word interventions and situated conversation interventions was synthesised. Theory underpinning the proposed intervention included Hebbian learning, the hub and spokes model of semantic processing, semantic spreading activation theory, the framework for situated language use and learning theories. Stakeholders with aphasia identified intervention content, an acceptable intervention regimen and gave feedback on a taster session. Speech therapists advised how the intervention could be implemented in clinical practice. Conclusion Virtual Elaborated Semantic Feature Analysis is a user-informed, theory-based complex aphasia intervention that is expected to improve word finding, word use in situated conversation and wellbeing.

This study evaluated treatment fidelity for an ongoing randomized controlled trial comparing two variants of semantic feature analysis (SFA) treatment for naming impairment in aphasia. In this trial, participants are being randomized to treatment conditions (many- or few-features) in which they are asked to generate either 11 or five features per SFA trial. Treatment fidelity was addressed via study design, manualization of the treatment, provider training, and maintenance of daily treatment logs, among other approaches. Fidelity was assessed through protocol adherence checks, interrater reliability of feature counting, and analysis of treatment dosage. Protocol adherence was measured using a 20-item checklist. Interrater reliability was evaluated for feature counts on 10% of treatment sessions. Treatment dosage was analyzed to confirm differentiation between many-features and few-features groups in terms of features generated and exposed and equivalence in terms of total treatment time. Overall protocol adherence was 99%. Interrater reliability for feature counting showed good-to-excellent agreement. Analysis of treatment dosage in terms of features per trial confirmed clear differentiation between groups, with the many-features group generating or being exposed to approximately 10-11 features per trial compared to four to five features for the few-features group. Analysis of other aspects of dosage also suggested good fidelity to the design. This ongoing trial of SFA is being implemented with high levels of treatment fidelity. The study demonstrates the importance and feasibility of comprehensive fidelity monitoring in aphasia treatment research. Detailed fidelity procedures and outcomes support interpretation, replication, and clinical implementation of study findings. https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.29230937.

Youth slang reflects current trends, social changes and cultural transformations in modern society. This factor explains the interest of linguists in the processes of language evolution - linguistic and cultural transformations that occur as a result of intercultural interaction. In the theory of translation and translation studies, it is important to search for ways of transcoding and transmitting information - decoding phenomena, events and objects of objective reality verbalized in youth slang. This article is devoted to the analysis of structural and semantic features of online gaming slang and a description of the methods of translating youth slang words and expressions from English into Russian. To analyze youth slang, as well as to differentiate the methods and techniques for translating lexical units of youth online gaming slang, the descriptive method is used in translation to classify and interpret the analyzed units, word-formation analysis, and the comparative analysis method, which allows comparing English and Russian lexemes and expressions. It is noted that one of the features of slang units is their variability and fragility due to the dynamic nature of youth slang development and the loss of functional and pragmatic load in the communicative process (displacement of existing units by new linguistic means, decreased activity of use - movement from the center to the periphery, falling out of speech use, etc.). The main methods of nomination typical for the formation of youth slang are: abbreviation (acronym), reduction, compounding and affixation; as well as borrowings, metaphors and homonymy. The authors come to the conclusion that the process of translating slang expressions from English into Russian requires a special approach, since slang has its own unique semantic richness, emotional expressiveness and cultural specificity.

The purpose of this article is to conduct a comparative analysis of vocabulary reflecting the characteristics of insect habitation in Russian and Chinese languages. The research is relevant due to the growing interest in comparative studies of languages with different structures and insufficient study of entomological vocabulary in a comparative aspect. The theoretical basis of the research was works in the field of comparative linguistics, lexical semantics, and linguoculturology. Referring to the corpus of entomonyms formed through dictionary selection, the author of the article chooses 26 Russian and 31 Chinese lexical units with the differential seme "insect habitation" as the object of research. The subject of the research is the differential features of the aspects "mode of insect habitation" and "distribution of insect habitation," reflected in Russian and Chinese definitions. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the comprehensive analysis of semantic features of entomological vocabulary in two typologically different languages, which is carried out for the first time on the material of lexemes characterizing insect habitation. The study applies a comprehensive methodology, including both general scientific methods (descriptive method, analysis and synthesis method, classification method, continuous sampling method from the material) and special linguistic methods: semantic, component, and comparative analysis to study lexical sememes and their representations and to identify differences and similarities in the presentation of the studied materials. It is noted that in the Russian language, the definitions of 37.68% of lexemes denoting insects from the formed corpus provide general characteristics of insect habitation, compared to 34.07% in Chinese. It was found that in the Russian language, the emphasis is on social and ecological aspects of insect habitation, while in the Chinese language, the diversity of places and conditions of their habitation is reflected in more detail. In both languages, there is a relationship between groups of differential semes, differential features, lexical constructions, and biological characteristics of insects, which emphasizes the integration of scientific knowledge into the general linguistic picture of the world and the peculiarities of national worldview. The obtained results can find application in lexicographic practice, in teaching Russian and Chinese languages, as well as in further comparative studies.