Semantic-based Information Retrieval Research Articles

Spatial and functional organizations of industrial agglomerations in China’s Greater Bay Area

Industrial agglomeration is a concentration phenomenon of economic activities in cities. In recent years, the geographic and functional structures of industries are constantly changing due to global industrialization and regional urbanization. Thus far, a scarcity of research has investigated spatial-functional organizations of sectoral industries in urbanized megaregions. By using points of interest (POIs) data collected in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), this paper seeks to portray the spatial extent of industrial agglomerations and to label their functional characteristics. A kernel density function is first applied to measure the spatial extent of industrial agglomerations. Next, we explore the industrial functions by implementing a semantic-based information retrieval to label the functional characteristics of industrial agglomerations via words that are tokenized from POI registered names. The empirical results suggest that the concentrations of industrial activities are strongly heterogeneous across different economic sectors, revealing that agglomerations across the GBA can provide a variety types of industrial products and services. Concerning manufacturing industries, the present analysis further confirms the existence of both specialization and diversification agglomerations along with far distinct spatial characteristics. This research supplements empirical evidence and provides novel insights into the geographical and functional organizations of economic activities regarding one of the largest urban megaregions in the world. The implications that are related to megaregional economic collaboration and development are discussed.

A distributional semantics-based information retrieval framework for online social networks

Online social networks are considered to be one of the most disruptive platforms where people communicate with each other on any topic ranging from funny cat videos to cancer support. The widespread diffusion of mobile platforms such as smart-phones causes the number of messages shared in such platforms to grow heavily, thus more intelligent and scalable algorithms are needed for efficient extraction of useful information. This paper proposes a method for retrieving relevant information from social network messages using a distributional semantics-based framework powered by topic modeling. The proposed framework combines the Latent Dirichlet Allocation and distributional representation of phrases (Phrase2Vec) for effective information retrieval from online social networks. Extensive and systematic experiments on messages collected from Twitter (tweets) show this approach outperforms some state-of-the-art approaches in terms of precision and accuracy and better information retrieval is possible using the proposed method.

Applications of Semantic Web in integrating open data and bibliographic records: a development example of an infomediary of Taiwanese indigenous people

Purpose This study aims to develop a Web-based application system called Infomediary of Taiwanese Indigenous Peoples (ITIP) that can help individuals comprehend the society and culture of indigenous people. The ITIP is based on the use of Semantic Web technologies to integrate a number of data sources, particularly including the bibliographic records of a museum. Moreover, an ontology model was developed to help users search cultural collections by topic concepts. Design/methodology/approach Two issues were identified that needed to be addressed: the integration of heterogeneous data sources and semantic-based information retrieval. Two corresponding methods were proposed: SPARQL federated queries were designed for data integration across the Web and ontology-driven queries were designed to semantically search by knowledge inference. Furthermore, to help users perform searches easily, three searching interfaces, namely, ethnicity, region and topic, were developed to take full advantage of the content available on the Web. Findings Most open government data provides structured but non-resource description framework data, Semantic Web consumers, therefore, require additional data conversion before the data can be used. On the other hand, although the library, archive and museum (LAM) community has produced some emerging linked data, very few data sets are released to the general public as open data. The Semantic Web’s vision of “web of data” remains challenging. Originality/value This study developed data integration from various institutions, including those of the LAM community. The development was conducted based on the mode of non-institution members (i.e. institutional outsiders). The challenges encountered included uncertain data quality and the absence of institutional participation.

Web-Based Information Search System Development Using a Semantic Network

Finding information from a large collection of documents is a complicated task; therefore, we need a method called an information retrieval system. Several models that have been used in information retrieval systems include the Vector Space Model (VSM), DICE Similarity, Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI), Generalized Vector Space Model (GVSM), and semantic-based information retrieval systems. The purpose of this study was to develop a semantic network-based search system that will find information based on keywords and the semantic relationship of keywords provided by users. This cannot be done by most search systems that only work based on keyword matching or similarities. The Waterfall development model was used, which divides the development stages into five steps, namely: (1) requirements analysis and definition; (2) system and software design; (3) implementation and unit testing; (4) integration and system testing; and (5) operation and maintenance. The developed system/application was tested by trying to find information based on various combinations of keywords provided by the user. The results showed that the system can find information that matches the keyword, and other relevant information based on the semantic relationships of these keywords.
 Keywords: information retrieval, search system, semantic network, web-based application

Semantic based Information Retrieval System by using WSD and DICE Coefficient

In many NLP applications such as machine translation, content analysis and information retrieval, word sense disambiguation (WSD) is an important technique. In the information retrieval (IR) system, ambiguous words are damaging effect on the precision of this system. In this situation, WSD process is useful for automatically identifying the correct meaning of an ambiguous word. Therefore, this system proposes the word sense disambiguation algorithm to increase the precision of the IR system. This system provides additional semantics as conceptually related words with the help of glosses to each keyword in the query by disambiguating their meanings. This system uses the WordNet as the lexical resource that encodes concepts of each term. In this system, various senses that are provided by WSD algorithm have been used as semantics for indexing the documents to improve performance of IR system. By using keyword and sense, this system retrieves the relevant information according to the Dice similarity method.

Semantic Retrieval of Web Documents using Topic Modeling Based Weighted Nearest Neighborhood Technique

Information retrieval systems are used to retrieve documents based on the keyword search. Semantic-based information retrieval is beyond standard information retrieval and uses related information to get the documents from the corpus. But semantic retrieval based documents is not efficient enough in real time. Content from the user’s profile is used for searching the web documents. The documents which exactly matches the user requirement is retrieved and it improvises the personalized retrieval. In this paper, a methodology based on topic modelling is proposed to determine the retrieval of information for user to increase the accuracy of documents using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Weighted Nearest Neighbor (WNN) models. LDA model is developed to retrieve documents based on topics. The topic based retrieval is improvised using personalization technique which uses WNN model. Experimental analysis on building personalization and semantic retrieval of documents shows the improved precision compared to existing topic modeling.

A Machine Learning Filter for the Slot Filling Task

Slot Filling, a subtask of Relation Extraction, represents a key aspect for building structured knowledge bases usable for semantic-based information retrieval. In this work, we present a machine learning filter whose aim is to enhance the precision of relation extractors while minimizing the impact on the recall. Our approach consists in the filtering of relation extractors’ output using a binary classifier. This classifier is based on a wide array of features including syntactic, semantic and statistical features such as the most frequent part-of-speech patterns or the syntactic dependencies between entities. We experimented the classifier on the 18 participating systems in the TAC KBP 2013 English Slot Filling track. The TAC KBP English Slot Filling track is an evaluation campaign that targets the extraction of 41 pre-identified relations (e.g., title, date of birth, countries of residence, etc.) related to specific named entities (persons and organizations). Our results show that the classifier is able to improve the global precision of the best 2013 system by 20.5% and improve the F1-score for 20 relations out of 33 considered.

Bi-Gram Term Collocations-based Query Expansion Approach for Improving Arabic Information Retrieval

In the era of information overloading, information retrieval systems are vital applications. Many researchers try to enhance the search results by introducing new methods. Unlike the English language, some languages like Arabic have complex morphological aspects and lack both linguistic and semantic resources. This paper proposes a language-independent semantic-based information retrieval approach, which expands the user query using bi-gram term collocations. The proposed approach has two main contributions. First, the bi-gram term collocations employed to expand the user query are automatically mined from the text corpus, therefore there is no need for an external semantic resource. Second, due to the complexity of the language morphology, the system index is constructed using the corpus words to save the cost and effort of the stemming process. A system prototype for the Arabic language was implemented and evaluated versus the stem-based method. The experimental evaluation has been conducted on the scripts of the Arabic Holy Quran. The evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed system outperforms the stem-based method in terms of precision and recall.

Development of Dining Ontology by Using Semantic Based Information Retrieval in Cloud Platform

Development of Dining Ontology by Using Semantic Based Information Retrieval in Cloud Platform

PRIOR ONTOLOGY SELECTION AND QUERY TRANSLATION FOR INFORMATION SEARCH

Objective: Most of the current search engines follow informal keyword based search. Finding the user intention and improving the relevancy of results are the major issues faced by the current traditional keyword based search. Targeting to solve the problems of traditional search and to boost the retrieval process, a framework for semantic based information retrieval is planned. Methods: Social and wine ontologies are used to find the user intention and retrieving it. User’s natural language queries are translated into SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol and Resource Description Framework query language) query for finding related items from those ontologies.Results: The proposed method makes a significant improvement over traditional search in terms of some searches required for searching a particular number of pages using performance graph.Conclusion: Semantic based search can understand the user intention and gives better results than traditional search.

An assessment on domain ontology-based information extraction techniques

Domain ontology is used in information retrieval to retrieve more relevant information from a collection of unstructured information source. Information retrieval is becoming an important research area in the field of computer science. Information retrieval (IR) is generally concerned with the searching and retrieving of knowledge-based information from database. In this paper, we represent the various models and techniques for information retrieval. Domain ontology is a description of domain concepts with relation and properties to be used in knowledge engineering as a knowledge base. In this paper, various domain ontology-based information retrieval methods have been reviewed. A comparative analysis is made on all the available methods, which will allow the analyst to choose the suitable domain ontology-based information extraction method. There are various methods developed to make the information extraction more efficient. The methods have been classified as Boolean, vector space, semantic-based techniques and probabilistic. Semantic-based information retrieval can still be classified as semantic association, semantic similarity and semantic annotation. This assessment allows the developer to choose the best fit model for their requirement in an efficient way.

An assessment on domain ontology-based information extraction techniques

Domain ontology is used in information retrieval to retrieve more relevant information from a collection of unstructured information source. Information retrieval is becoming an important research area in the field of computer science. Information retrieval (IR) is generally concerned with the searching and retrieving of knowledge-based information from database. In this paper, we represent the various models and techniques for information retrieval. Domain ontology is a description of domain concepts with relation and properties to be used in knowledge engineering as a knowledge base. In this paper, various domain ontology-based information retrieval methods have been reviewed. A comparative analysis is made on all the available methods, which will allow the analyst to choose the suitable domain ontology-based information extraction method. There are various methods developed to make the information extraction more efficient. The methods have been classified as Boolean, vector space, semantic-based techniques and probabilistic. Semantic-based information retrieval can still be classified as semantic association, semantic similarity and semantic annotation. This assessment allows the developer to choose the best fit model for their requirement in an efficient way.

An Intelligent Web Digital Image Metadata Service Platform for Social Curation Commerce Environment

Information management includes multimedia data management, knowledge management, collaboration, and agents, all of which are supporting technologies for XML. XML technologies have an impact on multimedia databases as well as collaborative technologies and knowledge management. That is, e-commerce documents are encoded in XML and are gaining much popularity for business-to-business or business-to-consumer transactions. Recently, the internet sites, such as e-commerce sites and shopping mall sites, deal with a lot of image and multimedia information. This paper proposes an intelligent web digital image information retrieval platform, which adopts XML technology for social curation commerce environment. To support object-based content retrieval on product catalog images containing multiple objects, we describe multilevel metadata structures representing the local features, global features, and semantics of image data. To enable semantic-based and content-based retrieval on such image data, we design an XML-Schema for the proposed metadata. We also describe how to automatically transform the retrieval results into the forms suitable for the various user environments, such as web browser or mobile device, using XSLT. The proposed scheme can be utilized to enable efficient e-catalog metadata sharing between systems, and it will contribute to the improvement of the retrieval correctness and the user’s satisfaction on semantic-based web digital image information retrieval.

Enhanced ontology-based indexing and searching

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to improve the conceptual-based search by incorporating structural ontological information such as concepts and relations. Generally, Semantic-based information retrieval aims to identify relevant information based on the meanings of the query terms or on the context of the terms and the performance of semantic information retrieval is carried out through standard measures-precision and recall. Higher precision leads to the (meaningful) relevant documents obtained and lower recall leads to the less coverage of the concepts. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, the authors enhance the existing ontology-based indexing proposed by Kohler et al., by incorporating sibling information to the index. The index designed by Kohler et al., contains only super and sub-concepts from the ontology. In addition, in our approach, we focus on two tasks; query expansion and ranking of the expanded queries, to improve the efficiency of the ontology-based search. The aforementioned tasks make use of ontological concepts, and relations existing between those concepts so as to obtain semantically more relevant search results for a given query. Findings – The proposed ontology-based indexing technique is investigated by analysing the coverage of concepts that are being populated in the index. Here, we introduce a new measure called index enhancement measure, to estimate the coverage of ontological concepts being indexed. We have evaluated the ontology-based search for the tourism domain with the tourism documents and tourism-specific ontology. The comparison of search results based on the use of ontology “with and without query expansion” is examined to estimate the efficiency of the proposed query expansion task. The ranking is compared with the ORank system to evaluate the performance of our ontology-based search. From these analyses, the ontology-based search results shows better recall when compared to the other concept-based search systems. The mean average precision of the ontology-based search is found to be 0.79 and the recall is found to be 0.65, the ORank system has the mean average precision of 0.62 and the recall is found to be 0.51, while the concept-based search has the mean average precision of 0.56 and the recall is found to be 0.42. Practical implications – When the concept is not present in the domain-specific ontology, the concept cannot be indexed. When the given query term is not available in the ontology then the term-based results are retrieved. Originality/value – In addition to super and sub-concepts, we incorporate the concepts present in same level (siblings) to the ontological index. The structural information from the ontology is determined for the query expansion. The ranking of the documents depends on the type of the query (single concept query, multiple concept queries and concept with relation queries) and the ontological relations that exists in the query and the documents. With this ontological structural information, the search results showed us better coverage of concepts with respect to the query.

An architectural design for effective information retrieval in semantic web

The current web IR system retrieves relevant information only based on the keywords which is inadequate for that vast amount of data. It provides limited capabilities to capture the concepts of the user needs and the relation between the keywords. These limitations lead to the idea of the user conceptual search which includes concepts and meanings. This study deals with the Semantic Based Information Retrieval System for a semantic web search and presented with an improved algorithm to retrieve the information in a more efficient way.This architecture takes as input a list of plain keywords provided by the user and the query is converted into semantic query. This conversion is carried out with the help of the domain concepts of the pre-existing domain ontologies and a third party thesaurus and discover semantic relationship between them in runtime. The relevant information for the semantic query is retrieved and ranked according to the relevancy with the help of an improved algorithm. The performance analysis shows that the proposed system can improve the accuracy and effectiveness for retrieving relevant web documents compared to the existing systems.

온톨로지 기술과 스피어만 상관계수를 적용한 시맨틱 정보 검색 향상

질의 키워드의 정보 검색은 키워드의 의미가 다양하여 검색된 문서들이 사용자의 요구에 부합되지 않는 문제점을 가지며, 사용자의 상황과 특성이 사용자 마다 달라 정보가 매우 적고 연관성을 찾기 어렵다. 또한, 일반 상관 계수의 사용은 정보에 대한 연관성을 나타내지 못하는 문제가 있다. 본 연구에서는 시맨틱 웹 기술을 기반으로 인선에 필요한 다양한 개념들과 지식으로 구성된 인선 온톨로지와 인선 규칙들을 구축하고 규칙들을 지원하는 인선 절차와 인선 결과의 적합성을 확인할 수 있는 지식검색 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템에서는 스피어만 상관계수를 이용하여 사용자의 상황과 특성에 적합한 정보를 제공하여 제한적인 정보 추천의 단점을 해결하였다. 키워드 기반 검색과 시맨틱 기반 검색 실험 결과 시맨틱 기반 검색이 키워드 검색에 비하여 정확도는 90.3%, 재현율은 71.8%의 성능을 보였다. Information retrieval by query keywords have some mismatching problems to fit user's requirement for the retrieved documents due to the varieties of users. These problems are originated from the different situations and characteristics of user's requirement. Also, it has a problem that general correlation coefficients did not display the information relations. In this thesis, it is to suggest knowledge retrieval system to verify feasibility of personnel selection procedure and results supporting selection rules after construction of personnel selection ontologies and rules composed of various concept and knowledge based on the semantic web technology. In the suggested system, it is to clear disadvantages of limited information retrieval providing the suitable information to satisfy user's different situations and characteristics using Spearman's coefficients. Experimental results by this semantic-based information retrieval show 90.3% of accuracy and 71.8% of recall compared with legacy keyword information retrieval.

Information Retrieval based on Semantic Matching Approach in Web Service Discovery

retrieval from web has been a tough task due to an increased amount of contents dynamically day by day. In that current information retrieval results are only based on syntactic description for web service which may not provide an accurate solution for all service requests. On the other hand semantic based information retrieval has been the better option for precise and accurate results for queries. This paper proposes a semantic based hybrid matching approach that comprises different kinds of matching strategies combined together with an aim of flexible and efficient service retrieval in terms of accuracy. Using semantic based web ontology language service (OWL-S) conversion of non semantic description into corresponding semantic description is proposed. We also extend prototype to support save-off pre- processed data. The proposed work showed an attractive result after experiments by considering the functions namely recall and precision.

시맨틱 웹 기반 국방무기 다차원 정보 분석 시스템

국방 과학기술의 발달에 따라 첨단 무기들이 지속적으로 개발되고 온라인을 통한 정보의 공유가 활발해지면서, 각국의 미래 전략무기 소요 제기를 위한 정보의 수집 및 분석의 중요성이 증가하고 있으며, 이를 위한 이종의 국방정보를 통합 관리 및 분석하는 시스템이 필요하다. 시맨틱 웹은 이종의 지식자원을 통합하고 검색 및 내비게이션 할 수 있는 차세대 지식정보 관리 기반 기술로 최근에는 지능형 시스템 구축에 활발하게 사용되고 있다. 시맨틱 웹은 단순 키워드 검색이 아닌 의미적으로 연관된 정보 검색을 제공하기 때문에 신뢰도 높은 분석 결과를 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 시맨틱 웹을 기반으로 무기 제원 정보를 중심으로 무기의 제조국, 개발 회사, 개발 현황 등 무기와 관련된 다양한 관련 정보를 온톨로지로 구조화하는 것은 물론, 관련 정보를 이용해서 무기를 효과적으로 검색 및 분석할 수 있는 국방무기 다차원 정보분석시스템을 제안한다. 제안한 시스템은 무기의 제원명과 제원의 상하위 관계를 이용해서 확장 검색 기능을 제공하며, 무기 관련 정보를 이용해서 다양한 경로로 무기정보에 접근할 수 있는 기능과 함께 무기체계에 따른 다양한 분석 기능도 제공한다. 또한 개발된 시스템은 무기 분야의 전문가 지식과 웹에서 수집된 무기 관련 정보를 온톨로지로 구축하고 지능화된 검색 서비스를 구현함으로써, 정보전 시대에 필요한 첨단 무기 정보 획득의 효율성을 제고한다. As defense science and technology are developing, smart weapons are being developed continually. The collection and analysis of the future strategic weapon information from all over the world have become a greater priority because information sharing became active. So, a system to manage and analyze heterogeneous defense intelligence is required. Semantic Web is the next generation knowledge information management technology for integrating, searching and navigating heterogeneous knowledge resource. Recently, Semantic Web is wildly being used in intelligent information management system. Semantic Web supports the analysis with the high reliability because it supports the simple keyword search as well as the semantic based information retrieval. In this paper, we propose the semantic web based multi-dimensional information analysis system on the national defense weapons that constructs ontology for various weapons information such as weapon specifications, nations, manufacturers and technologies and searches and analyses the specific weapon based on ontology. The proposed system supports the semantic search and multi-dimensional information analysis based on the relations between weapon specifications. Also, our system improves the efficiency on acquiring smart weapon information because it is developed with ontology based on military experts' knowledge and various web documents related with various weapons and intelligent search service.

온톨로지 트리기반 멀티에이전트 세만틱 유사도매칭 알고리즘

Semantic-based information retrieval techniques understand the meanings of the concepts that users specify in their queries, but the traditional semantic matching methods based on the ontology tree have three weaknesses which may lead to many false matches, causing the falling precision. In order to improve the matching precision and the recall of the information retrieval, this paper proposes a multi-agent improved semantic similarity matching algorithm based on the ontology tree, which can avoid the considerable computation redundancies and mismatching during the entire matching process. The results of the experiments performed on our algorithm show improvements in precision and recall compared with the information retrieval techniques based on the traditional semantic similarity matching methods.

시멘틱 검색시스템 구축을 위한 요구사항 분석 및 설계에 관한 연구

웹 정보의 폭발적인 성장과 함께, 단순히 한 두 개의 키워드의 입력에 따른 검색은 너무 많은 검색결과를 가져오게 되기 때문에 전통적인 정보검색기법은 이용자들에게 있어서 만족할 수 없는 결과를 제공하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 정보에 대한 의미를 기반으로 정보검색의 질적 향상을 위한 기술의 개발을 목표로 하고 있다. 이를 위하여 시멘틱 웹 기술에서 요구되는 시멘틱 기반 검색에 대한 최근의 연구동향 및 기술을 분석하여 시멘틱 기반 검색시스템에서 요구사항을 파악하고, 지능형 검색시스템의 아키텍처, 시멘틱 검색 서비스 개발 과정과 핵심기술 등을 살펴보았다. 분석결과와 함께, 시멘틱 기반 정보검색 시스템의 전체적인 아키텍처에 대한 설계 및 요구사항을 제안하였다. With the rapid expansion of web information, conventional information retrieval techniques are becoming inadequate for users and often result in disappointment, because a couple of simple keywords can easily produce information too much. This study aims at the development of Web information retrieval techniques based on semantics to improve the quality of understanding for information. To achieve the goal, this study analyzes technologies and current status of researches on semantic information retrieval. With the results which are requirements, system architecture and indexing method, this study proposes the system architecture of semantic-based information retrieval system.