Self-efficacy For Weight Control Research Articles

Investigation of the relationships between mindfulness, emotional eating, weight control self-efficacy, and obesity in adolescents

PurposeThis research was conducted to examine the relationships between mindfulness, emotional eating, weight control self-efficacy, and obesity in adolescents. Design and methodsThe research was conducted with 198 adolescents aged 13–18 years in three high schools in the central county of a province in Türkiye. Data were collected using a sociodemographic information form, the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale–Adolescents, the Emotional Eating Scale for Children and Adolescents, and the Weight-Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire for Adolescents–Short Form. In this study, adolescents' height and weight were measured to determine the effects of the study variables on their body mass indexes (BMIs). ResultsThe variables were analyzed according to BMI. The mean age of the adolescents participating in the research was 15.25 ± 1.01 years; 52% were female, and 85% were ninth-grade high school students. Their mean height was 170.33 ± 8.59 cm, and their mean weight was 62.24 ± 12.84 kg. The adolescents' BMI was found to have a low-level, significant negative correlation with their mindfulness, a low-level, significant positive correlation with their emotional eating, and a low-level significant negative correlation with their weight control self-efficacy. Adolescents' mindfulness, emotional eating, and weight control self-efficacy scores significantly predicted their BMI and explained 14.1% of the variance in their BMI levels. ConclusionsMindfulness, emotional eating, and weight control self-efficacy in adolescents have a facilitating effect on the management of obesity. Implications to practiceMultidimensional programs should be developed that take into account the interaction of parents, children, and the environment, which will pave the way for the development of healthy nutrition behaviors and contribute to the prevention of obesity.

Effects of a Weight and Pain Management Program in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis With Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Investigation.

Obesity is associated with poor outcomes for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Effective weight management is imperative. Although traditional lifestyle behavioral weight loss programs have demonstrated efficacy for reducing weight, these interventions do not meet the pain-related weight loss challenges of RA patients with obesity. A 12-session group program (90 minutes per session) was developed integrating pain coping skills training into a lifestyle behavioral weight loss intervention. In addition to the weekly group sessions, participants engaged in supervised exercise sessions 3 times per week. Through a small, pilot randomized trial, 50 participants were randomized to receive the intervention (n = 29) or standard care of RA (n = 21). Feasibility data (i.e., accrual, attrition, adherence) was examined using descriptive statistics (e.g., percent). We examined patterns of change in study outcomes from baseline to follow-up separately for the intervention and standard care arms using descriptive statistics and paired t tests. Effect sizes are also presented. Of those randomized to the intervention group,79.3% initiated treatment, with participants attending 74.3% of group skills sessions and 64.2% of exercise sessions. Intervention participants evidenced reductions in weight (mean, -2.28 kg) and waist circumference (mean, -4.76 cm) and improvements in physical functioning, eating behaviors, pain, and self-efficacy for weight control. Findings suggest that incorporating a combined pain coping skills training and behavioral weight loss intervention into medical management of RA may improve outcomes. Study accrual and attrition, as well as intervention adherence, will inform future, larger randomized efficacy trials of the intervention.Retrospectively registered: January 29, 2020, NCT04246827.

Research on the Influence of Media Internalized Pressure on College Students' Sports Participation-Chained Intermediary Analysis of Social Physique Anxiety and Weight Control Self-Efficacy.

Purpose: Discuss the relationship among college students’ media internalized pressure, social physique anxiety, weight control self-efficacy, and sports participation in providing a reference for promoting college students to develop healthy and confident living habits.Methods: Take Southwest University in China as the object, select the subjects by stratified random sampling, and process the data with SPSS19.0 and AMOS21.0 statistical software.Results: (1) Media internalized pressure is positively correlated with social physique anxiety, weight control self-efficacy, and sports participation; social physique anxiety is significantly positively correlated with weight control self-efficacy and sports participation, and weight control self-efficacy is significantly positively correlated with sports participation; (2) media internalized pressure has a direct effect on sports participation (ES = 0.456), and social physique anxiety (ES = 0.136) and weight control self-efficacy (ES = 0.102) play significant mediating roles in the relationship between media internalized pressure and sports participation, respectively; the chained mediating force of social physique anxiety and weight control self-efficacy also reaches a significant level (ES = 0.027).Conclusion: Media internalized pressure can influence college students’ sports participation through the direct path as well as indirect paths such as social physique anxiety, the intermediary effect of weight control self-efficacy, and chained intermediary effect of social physique anxiety–weight control self-efficacy, and social physique anxiety is another key factor affecting college students’ sports participation except media internalized pressure.

Psychometric properties of the weight control perceived self-efficacy inventory in university students from the health area

empirical research shows that perceived self-efficacy is an important variable in maintaining and reducing weight. There are available instruments to measure perceived self-efficacy and its relation to obesity, but in Mexico it is still insufficient. the purpose of the current research is to analyze the psychometric properties of the Mexican version of the self-efficacy inventory for weight control (SEI-WC) in university students in the health area. participants in this study were 872 university students from the School of Health Sciences, aged between 17 and 47 (20.07 ± 2.61) years. Bartlett's sphericity test was performed to evaluate the relevance of the factor analysis. The principal component analysis with Varimax rotation was used to evaluate the adjustment of the scores on each factor. internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) shows adequate psychometric properties for the three final factors: 0.856 for the factor "feeding style and externality", 0.85 for "programmed physical activity" and 0.671 for "daily physical activity". the findings of this study show that the SEI-WC is a reliable and valid instrument to measure the level of self-efficacy for weight control in Mexican university students in the health area.

Weight control specific compensatory health beliefs: Hypothetical testing and model extension

Compensatory health beliefs (CHBs) refers to the beliefs that unhealthy behavior can be compensated for by activating healthy behavior. The purposes of this study were to investigate various theoretical hypotheses in the CHB model and to present a model whose concept expands from the original CHB model. A cross-sectional survey was designed for the present study. The sample consisted of 788 undergraduate students (mean age 19 years). All participants were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding weight control specific CHBs, self-efficacy, self-concordance, motivational conflict responses, compensatory behavior intentions, and actual behavioral control. Path modeling showed that the degree of desirability influenced resolving motivational conflict by resisting desire and adapting risk perception/outcome expectancy when implementing tempting behavior. Identified self-concordance had an influence on resolving conflict by resisting desire. Weight control self-efficacy had an influence on resolving motivational conflict by resisting desire and adapting risk perception/outcome expectancy when implementing tempting behavior. Weight control self-efficacy had an influence on identified self-concordance. Compensatory behavior self-efficacy had an influence on compensatory behavior intention. Actual behavioral control had an influence on compensatory behavior intention and compensatory behavioral self-efficacy. Further work is required to explore all of the processes of the model.

Determinants of the self-efficacy of physical activity for maintaining weight during pregnancy: The application of the health belief model.

INTRODUCTION:Pregnancy is one of the high-risk periods for women's health that the lack of attention to healthy behaviors such as weight control behaviors can lead to adverse consequences on the health of women and also the fetus. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to explore the determinants of weight control self-efficacy among pregnant women using Health Belief Model (HBM).MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this cross-sectional study were enrolled 202 pregnant women referring to Health Care Center in Isfahan city, Iran. Sampling method was multistage random. A researcher-made instrument based on HBM structures was used after confirming the valid and reliable. Data were analyzed by software SPSS 21 and descriptive statistics were represented with (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and analytical (Pearson correlation, independent t and liner regression) at the significant level of <0.05.RESULTS:The average age of participants was 27.80 ± 5.08. HBM structures were able explained 31% of variance of weight control self-efficacy. Also, of the studied structures, perceived benefits, perceived barriers were statistically significant predictors of weight control self-efficacy, within which perceived barriers (β = 0.391) was the most significant predictor.CONCLUSION:The findings of current study showed that the HBM model could be as a suitable framework to identify effective factors for designing educational intervention to improve weight control behaviors among pregnant women.

Genetic causal beliefs about obesity, self-efficacy for weight control, and obesity-related behaviours in a middle-aged female cohort

Objective: Obesity is a heritable condition with well-established risk-reducing behaviours. Studies have shown that beliefs about the causes of obesity are associated with diet and exercise behaviour. Identifying mechanisms linking causal beliefs and behaviours is important for obesity prevention and control.Design: Cross-sectional multi-level regression analyses of self-efficacy for weight control as a possible mediator of obesity attributions (diet, physical activity, genetic) and preventive behaviours in 487 non-Hispanic White women from South King County, Washington.Main Outcome Measures: Self-reported daily fruit and vegetable intake and weekly leisure-time physical activity.Results: Diet causal beliefs were positively associated with fruit and vegetable intake, with self-efficacy for weight control partially accounting for this association. Self-efficacy for weight control also indirectly linked physical activity attributions and physical activity behaviour. Relationships between genetic causal beliefs, self-efficacy for weight control, and obesity-related behaviours differed by obesity status. Self-efficacy for weight control contributed to negative associations between genetic causal attributions and obesity-related behaviours in non-obese, but not obese, women.Conclusion: Self-efficacy is an important construct to include in studies of genetic causal beliefs and behavioural self-regulation. Theoretical and longitudinal work is needed to clarify the causal nature of these relationships and other mediating and moderating factors.

Factors Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life Among Overweight and Obese Korean Women

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) tends to be lower among individuals who are overweight and obese than those of normal weight, and women may be more vulnerable to lower HRQOL associated with obesity than men. Identifying factors associated with HRQOL may be crucial for improving HRQOL for overweight/obese women. We aimed to determine the factors associated with obesity-specific HRQOL among overweight/obese Korean women. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 125 women aged 20–64 years, who comprised a baseline sample in the Community-based Heart and Weight Management Trial. The data were collected from September 2010 to November 2011. The Weight Efficacy Lifestyle, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Interpersonal Social Evaluation List, and Impact of Weight on Quality of Life (IWQOL)–Lite scales were used to measure self-efficacy for weight control, depressive symptoms, social support, and HRQOL, respectively. Increased body mass index, lower self-efficacy for weight control, and higher levels of depressive symptoms were significantly associated with greater impairment in total IWQOL in the regression models. However, social support was not significantly associated with IWQOL. Along with weight loss strategies, other strategies for improving self-efficacy and alleviating depressive symptoms may be essential for improving HRQOL among overweight and obese women.

Predictors of initial weight loss among women with abdominal obesity: a path model using self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviour.

To identify predictors of initial weight loss among women with abdominal obesity by using a path model. Successful weight loss in the initial stages of long-term weight management may promote weight loss maintenance. A longitudinal study design. Study participants were 75 women with abdominal obesity, who were enrolled in a 12-month Community-based Heart and Weight Management Trial and followed until a 6-month assessment. The Weight Efficacy Lifestyle, Exercise Self-Efficacy and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II measured diet self-efficacy, exercise self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviour respectively. All endogenous and exogenous variables used in our path model were change variables from baseline to 6months. Data were collected between May 2011-May 2012. Based on the path model, increases in both diet and exercise self-efficacy had significant effects on increases in health-promoting behaviour. Increases in diet self-efficacy had a significant indirect effect on initial weight loss via increases in health-promoting behaviour. Increases in health-promoting behaviour had a significant effect on initial weight loss. Among women with abdominal obesity, increased diet self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviour were predictors of initial weight loss. A mechanism by which increased diet self-efficacy predicts initial weight loss may be partially attributable to health-promoting behavioural change. However, more work is still needed to verify causality. Based on the current findings, intensive nursing strategies for increasing self-efficacy for weight control and health-promoting behaviour may be essential components for better weight loss in the initial stage of a weight management intervention.

Weight-related self-efficacy in relation to maternal body weight from early pregnancy to 2 years post-partum.

Excessive gestational weight gain may lead to long-term increases in maternal body weight and associated health risks. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between maternal body weight and weight-related self-efficacy from early pregnancy to 2 years post-partum. Women with live, singleton term infants from a population-based cohort study were included (n = 595). Healthy eating self-efficacy and weight control self-efficacy were assessed prenatally and at 1 year and 2 years post-partum. Body weight was measured at early pregnancy, before delivery, and 6 weeks, 1 year and 2 years post-partum. Behavioural (smoking, breastfeeding) and sociodemographic (age, education, marital status, income) covariates were assessed by medical record review and baseline questionnaires. Multi-level linear regression models were used to examine the longitudinal associations of self-efficacy measures with body weight. Approximately half of the sample (57%) returned to early pregnancy weight at some point by 2 years post-partum, and 9% became overweight or obese at 2 years post-partum. Body weight over time was inversely related to healthy eating (β = -0.57, P = 0.02) and weight control (β = -0.99, P < 0.001) self-efficacy in the model controlling for both self-efficacy measures as well as time and behavioural and sociodemographic covariates. Weight-related self-efficacy may be an important target for interventions to reduce excessive gestational weight gain and post-partum weight gain.

A Quasi-Experimental Intervention to Improve Self-Efficacy for Eating and Exercise Weight Management: Short-Term Effects

Aims: To determine the effects of a nutrition and exercise weight management program supported by social cognitive theory on self-efficacy, body mass index and psychosocial functioning in adolescents aged 10-13 years (n=119). Methods: A quasi-experimental intervention to improve self-efficacy for eating and exercise weight management for 59 overweight adolescents aged 10-12 years who participated in a 6-month weight-control self-efficacy programme. The control group consisted of 60 overweight adolescents. The changes in BMI, lifestyles and psychosocial functioning through self-efficacy beliefs, were assessed using the chi-squared and t-test. Results: Weight loss at 6 months was 0.05 kilograms of baseline body weight, and self-efficacy scores increased in the range of 0.58 to 0.75 among adolescents in the intervention group, while for those in the control group, self-efficacy scores decreased by -0.15 to -1.03. Self-esteem was one of the psychosocial factors that caused the overweight and obese adolescents to eat appropriately and intend to exercise regularly. Thus, this intervention had the most significant impact on adolescents’ self-esteem (t=3.2, p=0.002) using the paired t-test between the pre- and post-tests. Conclusions: Findings were consistent with the social cognitive theory, namely that improvement in self-efficacy over time supports greater weight loss. Adherence to exercise and appropriate eating can benefit weight-loss outcomes because individuals’ cognitive capability and belief in the intervention are taken into consideration by engaging them in pre-set actions and health outcomes.

Weight control self-efficacy among adult men

Weight control self-efficacy among adult men

A Cognitive-Behavioral Weight Control Program Improves Eating and Smoking Behaviors in Weight-Concerned Female Smokers

Many people use smoking as a weight control mechanism and are averse to quitting for fear of weight gain. These weight-concerned smokers tend to be women, are significantly less likely to stop smoking or to join smoking cessation programs, and will relapse more often than smokers who are not weight-concerned. Research suggests that a woman's motivation to quit smoking correlates positively with her confidence in her ability to control her weight after quitting. Likewise, success in smoking cessation has been associated with increased self-efficacy for weight control. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of a weight control program on eating and smoking behaviors in a group of female, weight-concerned smokers from July 2005 to June 2006. Two hundred sixteen subjects who wanted to lose weight but were not yet ready to quit smoking were recruited to participate in a 12-week, cognitive-behavioral weight control program consisting of 12 1-hour sessions. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the weight-control program (intervention group) or the control group. Differences between the intervention and control groups were evaluated using t tests for continuous variables, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for ordinal variables and χ 2 tests for categorical variables. The intervention group had a 14% increase ( P<0.001) in self-efficacy for weight control (Weight Efficacy Life-Style Questionnaire), which was associated with improved diet quality (Healthy Eating Index) ( r=0.292, P<0.01), weight loss ( r=0.582, P<0.001), increased self-efficacy for quitting smoking (Smoking Self-Efficacy Questionnaire) ( r=0.291, P<0.014), a decrease in number of cigarettes smoked ( r=0.331, P<0.005), and positive movement in stage of change toward smoking cessation ( r=0.435, P<0.001). These findings suggest that for this group of weight-concerned smokers' success in changing eating behavior may trigger a positive change in smoking behavior.

Sex differences in the relation of weight loss self-efficacy, binge eating, and depressive symptoms to weight loss success in a residential obesity treatment program

The aim of the current study was to examine whether weight loss self-efficacy, binge eating, and depressive symptoms predicted weight loss during treatment, and whether gender moderates these associations with prospective data from 297 participants (223 women and 74 men) enrolled in a residential obesity treatment program. Men reported higher initial levels of self-efficacy than women, whereas women reported greater pre-treatment levels of binge eating and depressive symptoms. Higher pre-treatment levels of weight control self-efficacy, binge eating, and depressive symptoms predicted greater weight loss in men, but not in women. Results suggest that certain psychological and behavioral factors should be considered when implementing weight loss interventions, and indicate a need to consider gender differences in predictors of weight loss treatment. Future research should seek to identify predictors of weight loss among women.

Weight concerns affect motivation to remain abstinent from smoking postpartum

Although many women quit smoking during pregnancy, most resume smoking postpartum. One factor that may be important in postpartum relapse is a pregnant woman's motivation to remain abstinent after delivery. We assessed motivation for postpartum abstinence among pregnant women who had quit smoking and examined the relationship of weight concerns and mood to abstinence motivation. Pregnant former smokers, recruited between February 2000 and November 2004, completed assessments of smoking, weight concerns, depressive symptoms, and perceived stress. Sixty-five percent were highly motivated to remain abstinent postpartum. Women who were and were not motivated were similar in age, race, and nicotine dependence. However, motivated women reported more stress, greater self-efficacy for weight management, less hunger, and less smoking for weight control than did less motivated women. After controlling for intention to breast-feed, nicotine dependence, years of smoking, partner smoking, and race, self-efficacy for weight control was related to motivation to maintain postpartum abstinence. These data suggest that weight concerns are associated with motivation for postpartum smoking abstinence, and interventions designed to prevent postpartum smoking relapse may need to target eating, weight, and shape concerns.

Weight and health locus of control beliefs in an australian community sample

This research aimed to examine weight locus of control beliefs in a community sample, within the framework of Wallston's (1992) Modified Social Learning Theory. A sample of 457 males and 537 females from a high and low socioeconomic area of Melbourne completed a survey which included the Dieting Belief Scale (DBS) (Stotland and Zuroff, 1990). Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (HLOC) scale (Wallston. Wallston and DeVellis. 1978). Health as a Value (Lau, Hartman and Ware. 1986) scale, a measwe of Weight Control Self–efficacy. assessments of recent weight control behaviours and Body Mass Index. Weight and health were generally believed to be predominantly under internal control. Those in the higher SES were: less likely to believe chance/genetic factors determined a person's weight, and those in the higher compared to lower BMI group were more likely to believe weight to be internally controlled. There were no main effects of sex on the DBS subscales. Heavier males. however, were: less likely to believe chance/genetic factors controlled weight than normal BMI males. while the reverse was true in females. This research did not support the explanatory power of Wallston's (1992) Modified Social Learning Theory in relation to recent weight loss. DBS-Chance and DBS-Environment subscales, however, significantly added to the prediction of recent dieting, while DBS-Chance and Weight Control Self-efficacy contributed to the prediction of kilograms lost, after BMI and demographic variables had been taken into account.

Weight control self-efficacy types and transitions affect weight-loss outcomes in obese women

Matching obesity treatments to heterogeneous clients is a recent evolution in the development of more effective weight-control programs, yet most interventions emphasize the external features of treatments rather than the internal belief structures of individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Q methodology would identify distinct types of weight-control self-efficacy beliefs in obese women that would be linked to outcomes of a weight-loss program. Fifty-four women (45 ± 9 yrs, Mean ± SD) 136 ± 10% over ideal body weight participated in a 9-month nutritional/behavioral weight loss program. Two major self-efficacy categories emerged through factor analysis of Q sorts: assureds and disbelievers. The assureds ( n = 28) had the strongest self-efficacy beliefs and at baseline reported significantly ( p < .01) greater self esteem and less depression than the disbelievers ( n = 26). By posttreatment, the assureds had lost significantly more weight (10 ± 6 vs. 7 ± 7 kg). Regrouping the data for analysis by posttreatment self-efficacy types demonstrated transitions in the self-efficacy beliefs of the women during treatment. Those who were disbelievers at baseline but became assureds posttreatment ( n = 7) lost twice as much weight as the women who started and finished as disbelievers ( n = 19) (10 ± 7 kg vs. 5 ± 5 kg). The posttreatment assureds ( n = 32) lost significantly more weight than the disbelievers ( n = 22) (10 ± 6 vs. 6 ± 5 kg), and reported better self esteem, mood, and eating patterns. Thus, assessment of intrinsic belief systems, particularly weight-control self-efficacy, may provide new directions for designing interventions that target distinctly different needs of obese women to affect greater weight loss and more positive affective states.

Outcome of Group Therapy for Body-Image Emotionality and Weight-Control Self-Efficacy

Long-term maintenance of weight loss is generally poor after clinical interventions, whether behavioural, cognitive-behavioural, dietary, pharmacological or surgical. This may be because self-assertion regarding body shape and self-efficacy in weight control are insufficiently encouraged in clients. Semi-structured group therapy sessions with written handouts were therefore designed to strengthen personal effectiveness and self-esteem. The therapy sessions also provided information about successful dieting behaviour, and encouragement of less switching between dieting strategies, less emotional eating, and more resistance to inappropriate social pressures. The clients were 24 women with a median (range) Body Mass Index of 28.9 (24.6–48.5) kg/m2, referred by their General Practitioners or self-referred. They participated in eight weekly therapeutic sessions in four groups and were followed up six months after the final session. There were large improvements during therapy in reported self-esteem, emotional overeating, personal effectiveness and self-efficacy, habit variation, and attitudes to body-size, improvements which were maintained at follow-up. In addition, there was a significant loss of body weight during therapy, with further loss observed at follow-up. Thus it is practicable to achieve marked reductions in professed problems with body image and eating control, changes that are theoretically necessary to empower clients to choose appropriate weight targets and to make progress towards them.